JP2012209561A - 半導体発光素子 - Google Patents
半導体発光素子 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2012209561A JP2012209561A JP2012127236A JP2012127236A JP2012209561A JP 2012209561 A JP2012209561 A JP 2012209561A JP 2012127236 A JP2012127236 A JP 2012127236A JP 2012127236 A JP2012127236 A JP 2012127236A JP 2012209561 A JP2012209561 A JP 2012209561A
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- semiconductor light
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- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 181
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 abstract description 40
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- JMASRVWKEDWRBT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Gallium nitride Chemical compound [Ga]#N JMASRVWKEDWRBT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 184
- 229910002601 GaN Inorganic materials 0.000 description 119
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 44
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 description 42
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 36
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 30
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- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 20
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 17
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- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 5
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- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 3
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001020 plasma etching Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 229910002704 AlGaN Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 235000013487 Viola odorata Nutrition 0.000 description 2
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- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
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- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
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- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
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- RGGPNXQUMRMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylgallium Chemical compound CC[Ga](CC)CC RGGPNXQUMRMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XCZXGTMEAKBVPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylgallium Chemical compound C[Ga](C)C XCZXGTMEAKBVPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000007738 vacuum evaporation Methods 0.000 description 2
- GYHNNYVSQQEPJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Gallium Chemical compound [Ga] GYHNNYVSQQEPJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silane Chemical compound [SiH4] BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910006404 SnO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000005587 bubbling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005229 chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003776 cleavage reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052733 gallium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004678 hydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical class [H]* 0.000 description 1
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium atom Chemical compound [In] APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910003437 indium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PJXISJQVUVHSOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium(iii) oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[In+3].[In+3] PJXISJQVUVHSOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 1
- QBJCZLXULXFYCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;cyclopenta-1,3-diene Chemical compound [Mg+2].C1C=CC=[C-]1.C1C=CC=[C-]1 QBJCZLXULXFYCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001451 molecular beam epitaxy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);zirconium(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Zr+4] RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000206 photolithography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001721 polyimide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000005036 potential barrier Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012827 research and development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007017 scission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- CZDYPVPMEAXLPK-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetramethylsilane Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)C CZDYPVPMEAXLPK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin dioxide Chemical compound O=[Sn]=O XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001887 tin oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VOITXYVAKOUIBA-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylaluminium Chemical compound CC[Al](CC)CC VOITXYVAKOUIBA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OTRPZROOJRIMKW-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylindigane Chemical compound CC[In](CC)CC OTRPZROOJRIMKW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JLTRXTDYQLMHGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylaluminium Chemical compound C[Al](C)C JLTRXTDYQLMHGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IBEFSUTVZWZJEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylindium Chemical compound C[In](C)C IBEFSUTVZWZJEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001771 vacuum deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001928 zirconium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
【解決手段】p型電極32と、n型電極31と、p型電極32に接続され、複数のp型窒化物系III−V族化合物半導体からなるp型積層構造(16〜20)と、n型電極31に接続され、複数のn型窒化物系III−V族化合物半導体であるn型積層構造(11〜14)と、p型積層構造(16〜20)とn型積層構造(11〜14)との間に形成されたInGaNからなる多重井戸構造を備える活性層15とを備え、n型積層構造が、GaN層11と、GaN層11上に形成されたドープ層10と、ドープ層10上に設けられた窒化物系III−V族化合物半導体層12と、窒化物系III−V族化合物半導体層12よりも活性層15側に設けられた超格子層13とを含む。
【選択図】 図11
Description
本発明の第1の実施の形態に係る半導体素子は、図1に示すように、n型GaN基板11上に、シリコン(Si)等のn型不純物がドープされたn型GaN層12が積層された積層基体(11,12)を基礎としている。なお、n型GaN層12は、例示であり、より、一般的には、InxGa1-x-yAlyN層等の他の窒化物系III−V族化合物半導体のn型単結晶層でも良い。n型GaN基板11は、{0001}面から<1-100>方向へのオフ角度Δθ1-100の絶対値、及び{0001}面から<11-20>方向へのオフ角度Δθ11-20の絶対値がそれぞれ,
本発明の第2の実施の形態に係る半導体素子は、図13に示すように、オフ角度Δθ1-100及びΔθ11-20が式(1)及び(2)の関係を満たすn型GaN基板11上に、n型GaN層12が積層された積層基体(11,12)を基礎としている点では、第1の実施の形態に係る半導体素子と同様であるが、第2の実施の形態に係る半導体素子では、この積層基体(11,12)上に、発光ダイオード(LED)の素子構造部が形成される。第1の実施の形態で説明したように、n型GaN層12は、例示であり、より、一般的には、InxGa1-x-yAlyN層等の他の窒化物系III−V族化合物半導体のn型単結晶層でも良いことは勿論である。
本発明の第3の実施の形態に係る半導体素子は、図15に示すように、オフ角度Δθ1-100及びΔθ11-20が式(1)及び(2)の関係を満たすn型GaN基板11上に、Siド−プGaN層からなるn型ドリフト層24、Mgド−プInxGa1-xN層からなるp型ベース層25、Siド−プ層からなるn型エミッタ層26が順に積層されてヘテロ接合バイポーラトランジスタ(HBT)を構成している。n型GaN基板11は、コレクタ層(コレクタコンタクト層)として機能する。
上記のように、本発明は第1〜第3の実施の形態によって記載したが、この開示の一部をなす論述及び図面は本発明を限定するものであると理解すべきではない。この開示から当業者には様々な代替実施の形態、実施例及び運用技術が明らかとなろう。
11…n型GaN基板
12…n型GaN層
13…n型クラッド層
14…n型GaNガイド層
15…発光層(活性層)
16…p型GaN第1ガイド層
17…オーバーフロー防止層
18…p型GaN第2ガイド層
19…p型クラッド層
20…p型GaNコンタクト層
21…発光層(活性層)
24…n型ドリフト層
25…p型ベース層
26…n型エミッタ層
31…n側電極
32…p側電極
33…p側電極
41…絶縁膜
42…パッシベーション膜
43…コレクタ電極
44…ベース電極
45…エミッタ電極
50a,50b…溝部
51…フォトレジスト
61…GaN基板
62…ノンドープGaN層(第1の単結晶層)
63…ノンドープAlxGa1-xN層(第2の単結晶層)
64…二次元電子雲
65…n型ソース領域
66…n型ドレイン領域
71…ソース電極
72…ドレイン電極
73…ゲート電極(ショットキ・バリア・ゲート)
Claims (14)
- p型電極と、
n型電極と、
前記p型電極に接続され、複数のp型窒化物系III−V族化合物半導体からなるp型積層構造と、
前記n型電極に接続され、複数のn型窒化物系III−V族化合物半導体からなるn型積層構造と、
前記p型積層構造と前記n型積層構造との間に形成されたInGaNからなる多重井戸構造を備える活性層と
を備え、前記n型積層構造が、GaN層と、前記GaN層上に形成されたSiを5x1017cm-3以上2x1019cm-3以下の濃度で含有し、厚さが0.3nm以上200nm以下のドープ層と、前記ドープ層上に設けられた窒化物系III−V族化合物半導体層と、前記窒化物系III−V族化合物半導体層よりも前記活性層側に設けられた超格子層とを含むことを特徴とする半導体発光素子。 - 前記多重井戸構造が、量子井戸層と障壁層が交互に積層されて構成され、前記量子井戸層のIn組成が、前記障壁層のIn組成よりも大きいことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の半導体発光素子。
- 前記ドープ層が、Siを1x1018cm-3以上2x1019cm-3以下の濃度で含有することを特徴とする請求項1又は2に記載の半導体発光素子。
- 前記ドープ層が、Siを4x1018cm-3以上2x1019cm-3以下の濃度で含有することを特徴とする請求項3に記載の半導体発光素子。
- 前記ドープ層の厚さが、0.3nm以上150nm以下であることを特徴とする請求項1乃至4のいずれか1項に記載の半導体発光素子。
- 前記ドープ層の厚さが、5nm以上150nm以下であることを特徴とする請求項1乃至5のいずれか1項に記載の半導体発光素子。
- 前記ドープ層が、Siを含むGaN層であることを特徴とする請求項1乃至6のいずれか1項に記載の半導体発光素子。
- 前記超格子層が、アンドープ層を含む複数の層の積層体であることを特徴とする請求項1乃至7のいずれか1項に記載の半導体発光素子。
- 前記超格子層が、前記アンドープ層とn型不純物をドープされたGaN層を含む複数の層の積層体であることを特徴とする請求項8に記載の半導体発光素子。
- 前記積層体が、n型不純物を含有することを特徴とする請求項8に記載の半導体発光素子。
- 前記n型窒化物系III−V族化合物半導体層が、前記超格子層に接することを特徴とする請求項10に記載の半導体発光素子。
- 前記n型積層構造が、前記活性層と前記超格子層との間に形成され、前記活性層に接したn型GaN層を更に含むことを特徴とする請求項1乃至請求項11のいずれか1項に記載の半導体発光素子。
- 前記p型積層構造が、Mgが5×1018cm-3以上10×1018cm-3以下にドープされたp型GaN層を含むことを特徴とする請求項1乃至12のいずれか1項に記載の半導体発光素子。
- 前記窒化物系III−V族化合物半導体層が、n型GaN層であることを特徴とする請求項1乃至13のいずれか1項に記載の半導体発光素子。
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