JP2012124164A - リチウム空気電池 - Google Patents
リチウム空気電池 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP2012124164A JP2012124164A JP2011267909A JP2011267909A JP2012124164A JP 2012124164 A JP2012124164 A JP 2012124164A JP 2011267909 A JP2011267909 A JP 2011267909A JP 2011267909 A JP2011267909 A JP 2011267909A JP 2012124164 A JP2012124164 A JP 2012124164A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- lithium
- ring
- air battery
- ligand
- metal
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000003446 ligand Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 92
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 63
- 239000005486 organic electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000007774 positive electrode material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- -1 7 - cycloheptatrienyl Chemical group 0.000 claims description 36
- POILWHVDKZOXJZ-ARJAWSKDSA-M (z)-4-oxopent-2-en-2-olate Chemical compound C\C([O-])=C\C(C)=O POILWHVDKZOXJZ-ARJAWSKDSA-M 0.000 claims description 24
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- DGEZNRSVGBDHLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N [1,10]phenanthroline Chemical compound C1=CN=C2C3=NC=CC=C3C=CC2=C1 DGEZNRSVGBDHLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 22
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acetate Chemical compound CC([O-])=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- ZSWFCLXCOIISFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclopentadiene Chemical compound C1C=CC=C1 ZSWFCLXCOIISFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 17
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyridine Chemical group C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- ROFVEXUMMXZLPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bipyridyl Chemical compound N1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=N1 ROFVEXUMMXZLPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 125000001072 heteroaryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000007784 solid electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- RIOQSEWOXXDEQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphenylphosphine Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 RIOQSEWOXXDEQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- XYFCBTPGUUZFHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphine Chemical compound P XYFCBTPGUUZFHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N EDTA Chemical compound OC(=O)CN(CC(O)=O)CCN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229940071106 ethylenediaminetetraacetate Drugs 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- IEQIEDJGQAUEQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phthalocyanine Chemical group N1C(N=C2C3=CC=CC=C3C(N=C3C4=CC=CC=C4C(=N4)N3)=N2)=C(C=CC=C2)C2=C1N=C1C2=CC=CC=C2C4=N1 IEQIEDJGQAUEQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 150000004032 porphyrins Chemical group 0.000 claims description 9
- KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butadiene Chemical compound C=CC=C KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Natural products COC1=CC=CN=C1 UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylenediamine Chemical compound NCCN PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000010 aprotic solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910000073 phosphorus hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- QFMZQPDHXULLKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-bis(diphenylphosphino)ethane Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)CCP(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 QFMZQPDHXULLKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- VILCJCGEZXAXTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,2-tetramine Chemical compound NCCNCCNCCN VILCJCGEZXAXTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- DHMQDGOQFOQNFH-UHFFFAOYSA-M Aminoacetate Chemical compound NCC([O-])=O DHMQDGOQFOQNFH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- RPNUMPOLZDHAAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethylenetriamine Chemical compound NCCNCCN RPNUMPOLZDHAAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- KYQCOXFCLRTKLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyrazine Chemical compound C1=CN=CC=N1 KYQCOXFCLRTKLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- OUDSFQBUEBFSPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethylenediaminetriacetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CNCCN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O OUDSFQBUEBFSPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000003278 haem Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Furan Chemical group C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007983 Tris buffer Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002734 clay mineral Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000003983 crown ethers Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000004820 halides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000005842 heteroatom Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- XGCDBGRZEKYHNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1-bis(diphenylphosphino)methane Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)CP(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 XGCDBGRZEKYHNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- USKZHEQYENVSMH-YDFGWWAZSA-N 1,3,5-Heptatriene Chemical compound C\C=C\C=C\C=C USKZHEQYENVSMH-YDFGWWAZSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- NLMDJJTUQPXZFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4,10,13-tetraoxa-7,16-diazacyclooctadecane Chemical compound C1COCCOCCNCCOCCOCCN1 NLMDJJTUQPXZFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- ITWBWJFEJCHKSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4,7-triazonane Chemical compound C1CNCCNCCN1 ITWBWJFEJCHKSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- FLBAYUMRQUHISI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,8-naphthyridine Chemical group N1=CC=CC2=CC=CN=C21 FLBAYUMRQUHISI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- UAXNXOMKCGKNCI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-diphenylphosphanylethyl(diphenyl)phosphane Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C(C)P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 UAXNXOMKCGKNCI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- DRGAZIDRYFYHIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2':6',2''-terpyridine Chemical compound N1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC(C=2N=CC=CC=2)=N1 DRGAZIDRYFYHIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- JFJNVIPVOCESGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3-dipyridin-2-ylpyridine Chemical compound N1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CN=C1C1=CC=CC=N1 JFJNVIPVOCESGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- UXGVMFHEKMGWMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-benzofuran Chemical group C1=CC=CC2=COC=C21 UXGVMFHEKMGWMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- KDCGOANMDULRCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7H-purine Chemical group N1=CNC2=NC=NC2=C1 KDCGOANMDULRCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910016467 AlCl 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910017090 AlO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910017008 AsF 6 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- BHPQYMZQTOCNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium cation Chemical compound [Ca+2] BHPQYMZQTOCNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910020366 ClO 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- JLVVSXFLKOJNIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium ion Chemical compound [Mg+2] JLVVSXFLKOJNIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric oxide Chemical group O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- PCNDJXKNXGMECE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenazine Natural products C1=CC=CC2=NC3=CC=CC=C3N=C21 PCNDJXKNXGMECE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- NPYPAHLBTDXSSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium ion Chemical compound [K+] NPYPAHLBTDXSSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- RWRDLPDLKQPQOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyrrolidine Chemical group C1CCNC1 RWRDLPDLKQPQOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910018286 SbF 6 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- FKNQFGJONOIPTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sodium cation Chemical compound [Na+] FKNQFGJONOIPTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- YTPLMLYBLZKORZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Thiophene Chemical group C=1C=CSC=1 YTPLMLYBLZKORZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000000641 acridinyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC2=NC3=CC=CC=C3C=C12)* 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052785 arsenic Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001422 barium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- NCMHKCKGHRPLCM-UHFFFAOYSA-N caesium(1+) Chemical compound [Cs+] NCMHKCKGHRPLCM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001424 calcium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000000609 carbazolyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC=2C3=CC=CC=C3NC12)* 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000000259 cinnolinyl group Chemical group N1=NC(=CC2=CC=CC=C12)* 0.000 claims description 2
- LYNARWYQOUZXDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N corrole Chemical compound N1C(C=C2NC(=CC=3NC4=CC=3)C=C2)=CC=C1C=C1C=CC4=N1 LYNARWYQOUZXDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002739 cryptand Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- CHVJITGCYZJHLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohepta-1,3,5-triene Chemical compound C1C=CC=CC=C1 CHVJITGCYZJHLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- OJOSABWCUVCSTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohepta-2,4,6-trienylium Chemical compound C1=CC=C[CH+]=C[CH]1 OJOSABWCUVCSTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- JGUQDUKBUKFFRO-CIIODKQPSA-N dimethylglyoxime Chemical compound O/N=C(/C)\C(\C)=N\O JGUQDUKBUKFFRO-CIIODKQPSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000002883 imidazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000003453 indazolyl group Chemical group N1N=C(C2=C1C=CC=C2)* 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000003454 indenyl group Chemical group C1(C=CC2=CC=CC=C12)* 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000003406 indolizinyl group Chemical group C=1(C=CN2C=CC=CC12)* 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001041 indolyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000000904 isoindolyl group Chemical group C=1(NC=C2C=CC=CC12)* 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000002183 isoquinolinyl group Chemical group C1(=NC=CC2=CC=CC=C12)* 0.000 claims description 2
- ZLTPDFXIESTBQG-UHFFFAOYSA-N isothiazole Chemical compound C=1C=NSC=1 ZLTPDFXIESTBQG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000000842 isoxazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052745 lead Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001425 magnesium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000003891 oxalate salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000005327 perimidinyl group Chemical group N1C(=NC2=CC=CC3=CC=CC1=C23)* 0.000 claims description 2
- RDOWQLZANAYVLL-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenanthridine Chemical group C1=CC=C2C3=CC=CC=C3C=NC2=C1 RDOWQLZANAYVLL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001791 phenazinyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC2=NC3=CC=CC=C3N=C12)* 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001484 phenothiazinyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC=2SC3=CC=CC=C3NC12)* 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001644 phenoxazinyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC=2OC3=CC=CC=C3NC12)* 0.000 claims description 2
- LFSXCDWNBUNEEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N phthalazine Chemical group C1=NN=CC2=CC=CC=C21 LFSXCDWNBUNEEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001414 potassium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- CPNGPNLZQNNVQM-UHFFFAOYSA-N pteridine Chemical group N1=CN=CC2=NC=CN=C21 CPNGPNLZQNNVQM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004309 pyranyl group Chemical group O1C(C=CC=C1)* 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000003373 pyrazinyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000003226 pyrazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- PBMFSQRYOILNGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridazine Chemical group C1=CC=NN=C1 PBMFSQRYOILNGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000000714 pyrimidinyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000000168 pyrrolyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000002294 quinazolinyl group Chemical group N1=C(N=CC2=CC=CC=C12)* 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000002943 quinolinyl group Chemical group N1=C(C=CC2=CC=CC=C12)* 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001567 quinoxalinyl group Chemical group N1=C(C=NC2=CC=CC=C12)* 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001419 rubidium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052711 selenium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001415 sodium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001427 strontium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- PWYYWQHXAPXYMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N strontium(2+) Chemical compound [Sr+2] PWYYWQHXAPXYMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052714 tellurium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- GVIJJXMXTUZIOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N thianthrene Chemical group C1=CC=C2SC3=CC=CC=C3SC2=C1 GVIJJXMXTUZIOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- WLPUWLXVBWGYMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tricyclohexylphosphine Chemical compound C1CCCCC1P(C1CCCCC1)C1CCCCC1 WLPUWLXVBWGYMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- MBYLVOKEDDQJDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris(2-aminoethyl)amine Chemical compound NCCN(CCN)CCN MBYLVOKEDDQJDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- RRKODOZNUZCUBN-CCAGOZQPSA-N (1z,3z)-cycloocta-1,3-diene Chemical compound C1CC\C=C/C=C\C1 RRKODOZNUZCUBN-CCAGOZQPSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- FUJCRWPEOMXPAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium oxide Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[O-2] FUJCRWPEOMXPAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 11
- 229910001947 lithium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 11
- 230000027756 respiratory electron transport chain Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000033116 oxidation-reduction process Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 22
- RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene carbonate Chemical compound CC1COC(=O)O1 RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 22
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 125000004093 cyano group Chemical group *C#N 0.000 description 15
- 125000001246 bromo group Chemical group Br* 0.000 description 12
- 125000001309 chloro group Chemical group Cl* 0.000 description 12
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 11
- QSZMZKBZAYQGRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)azanide Chemical compound [Li+].FC(F)(F)S(=O)(=O)[N-]S(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F QSZMZKBZAYQGRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel Substances [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 229910003473 lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N palladium Substances [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 125000006743 (C1-C60) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 8
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 229910018071 Li 2 O 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000003411 electrode reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 5
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Substances [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 125000000753 cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 239000002241 glass-ceramic Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 4
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- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 description 4
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011267 electrode slurry Substances 0.000 description 3
- JBTWLSYIZRCDFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl methyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OC JBTWLSYIZRCDFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000000592 heterocycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 239000011133 lead Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000010948 rhodium Substances 0.000 description 3
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001928 zirconium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PAPBSGBWRJIAAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N ε-Caprolactone Chemical compound O=C1CCCCCO1 PAPBSGBWRJIAAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M12/00—Hybrid cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M12/04—Hybrid cells; Manufacture thereof composed of a half-cell of the fuel-cell type and of a half-cell of the primary-cell type
- H01M12/06—Hybrid cells; Manufacture thereof composed of a half-cell of the fuel-cell type and of a half-cell of the primary-cell type with one metallic and one gaseous electrode
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/38—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of elements or alloys
- H01M4/381—Alkaline or alkaline earth metals elements
- H01M4/382—Lithium
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M2004/026—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material characterised by the polarity
- H01M2004/028—Positive electrodes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2300/00—Electrolytes
- H01M2300/0017—Non-aqueous electrolytes
- H01M2300/0025—Organic electrolyte
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Hybrid Cells (AREA)
- Inert Electrodes (AREA)
Abstract
【解決手段】リチウムを含む負極と、酸素を正極活物質として使用する正極と、有機系電解質と、を含み、該有機系電解質が、金属−リガンド錯体を含むリチウム空気電池である。前記金属−リガンド錯体は、正極とリチウム酸化物との間の電子移動を媒介する。また、前記金属−リガンド錯体の酸化還元電位は、リチウム金属に対して2ないし5Vである。前記金属は、元素周期律表の第3族ないし第15族からなる群から選択された一つ以上を含み、更に遷移金属を含む。前記リガンドは、二重結合または三重結合を含み、更に共役構造を含む。
【選択図】図1
Description
4Li+O2⇔2Li2O Eo=2.91V
2Li+O2⇔Li2O2 Eo=3.10V
エネルギー効率[%]=[平均放電電圧×放電容量]/[平均充電電圧×充電容量]×100
(有機系電解質の製造)
1MのLi(CF3SO2)2N(リチウムビス(トリフルオロメチルスルホニル)アミン(LiTFSI))及び5mMのフェロセン(Fe(C5H5)2)がプロピレンカーボネート(PC)溶媒に溶解された有機系電解質を製造した。
1MのLi(CF3SO2)2N(LiTFSI)及び5mMの[Co(+2)(bpy)3][BF4 −]2がプロピレンカーボネート(PC)に溶解された有機系電解質を製造した。前記bpyは、2,2’−ビピリジン・リガンドである。
1MのLi(CF3SO2)2N(LiTFSI)及び5mMのV(acac)3がプロピレンカーボネート(PC)に溶解された有機系電解質を製造した。前記acacは、アセチルアセトネート・リガンドである。
1MのLi(CF3SO2)2N(LiTFSI)及び5mMのCo−フタロシアニンがプロピレンカーボネート(PC)に溶解された有機系電解質を製造した。
1MのLi(CF3SO2)2N(LiTFSI)及び5mMの[Co(エチレンジアミン)3]Cl3がプロピレンカーボネート(PC)に溶解された有機系電解質を製造した。
1MのLi(CF3SO2)2N(LiTFSI)及び5mMのRhCl(PPh3)3がプロピレンカーボネート(PC)に溶解された有機系電解質を製造した。前記PPh3は、トリフェニルホスフィン・リガンドである。
1MのLi(CF3SO2)2N(LiTFSI)及び5mMのPd−ポルフィリンがプロピレンカーボネート(PC)に溶解された有機系電解質を製造した。
1MのLi(CF3SO2)2N(LiTFSI)及び5mMのPd(フェナントロリン)2(BF4)2がプロピレンカーボネート(PC)に溶解された有機系電解質を製造した。
1MのLi(CF3SO2)2N(LiTFSI)及び5mMのFe(アセテート)2がプロピレンカーボネート(PC)に溶解された有機系電解質を製造した。
1MのLi(CF3SO2)2N(LiTFSI)だけプロピレンカーボネート(PC)に溶解された有機系電解質を製造した。
(リチウム空気電池の製造)
カーボン(Super−P)40重量部、ポリテトラフルオロエチレン(PTFE)10重量部、及びN−メチルピロリドン(NMP)50重量部を混合して正極スラリを製造した後、前記スラリをコーティング及び圧延し、正極合材シートを得た。前記正極合材シートをステンレス・メッシュ上に圧着させた後、100℃オーブンで120分間真空乾燥させ、正極を得た。負極として、リチウム金属薄膜が、LiTFSI塩を含有した150μm厚の高分子電解質及び150μm厚のOhara社のリチウムイオン伝導性ガラスで保護された電極を使用した。前記正極上に配されるセパレータとして、ポリプロピレン素材のCelgard社のCelgard−3501を使用した。
製造例2の有機系電解質を使用したことを除いては、実施例1と同一にリチウム空気電池を製造した。
製造例3の有機系電解質を使用したことを除いては、実施例1と同一にリチウム空気電池を製造した。
製造例4の有機系電解質を使用したことを除いては、実施例1と同一にリチウム空気電池を製造した。
製造例5の有機系電解質を使用したことを除いては、実施例1と同一にリチウム空気電池を製造した。
製造例6の有機系電解質を使用したことを除いては、実施例1と同一にリチウム空気電池を製造した。
製造例7の有機系電解質を使用したことを除いては、実施例1と同一にリチウム空気電池を製造した。
製造例8の有機系電解質を使用したことを除いては、実施例1と同一にリチウム空気電池を製造した。
製造例9の有機系電解質を使用したことを除いては、実施例1と同一にリチウム空気電池を製造した。
比較製造例1の有機系電解質を使用したことを除いては、実施例1と同一にリチウム空気電池を製造した。
25℃、1atmで、実施例1ないし3及び比較例1で製造されたリチウム空気電池を、0.05mA/cm2の定電流で2V(vs.Li)まで放電させた後、同じ電流で4.5Vまで充電させた。充放電試験結果を、下記表1及び図2に示した。充放電時のエネルギー効率は、下記数式1で定義される。
エネルギー効率[%]=[平均放電電圧×放電容量]/[平均充電電圧×充電容量]×100
12 第2集電体
13 負極
14 第1集電体
15 正極
16 セパレータ
18 電解質
Claims (32)
- リチウムを含む負極と、
酸素を正極活物質として使用する正極と、
有機系電解質と、を含み、
前記有機系電解質が、金属−リガンド錯体を含むリチウム空気電池。 - 前記金属−リガンド錯体の酸化還元電位が、リチウム金属に対して2ないし5Vであることを特徴とする請求項1に記載のリチウム空気電池。
- 前記金属が、元素周期律表の第3族ないし第15族からなる群から選択された一つ以上を含むことを特徴とする請求項1に記載のリチウム空気電池。
- 前記金属が遷移金属を含むことを特徴とする請求項1に記載のリチウム空気電池。
- 前記金属が、Ti、V、Cr、Mn、Fe、Co、Ni、Cu、Nb、Mo、Ru、Sn、Sb、W、Pt、Ag、Au、Pd、Rh、及びPbからなる群から選択された一つ以上を含むことを特徴とする請求項1に記載のリチウム空気電池。
- 前記リガンドが、二重結合または三重結合を含むことを特徴とする請求項1に記載のリチウム空気電池。
- 前記リガンドが、共役構造を含むことを特徴とする請求項1に記載のリチウム空気電池。
- 前記共役構造を含むリガンドが、1,3−ブタジエン、1,3,5−ヘプタトリエン、ベンゼン、シクロペンタジエン及びシクロヘプタトリエンからなる群から選択された一つ以上を含むことを特徴とする請求項7に記載のリチウム空気電池。
- 前記リガンドが、ハプト数リガンド、または2以上の結合サイトを有する多座リガンドであることを特徴とする請求項1に記載のリチウム空気電池。
- 前記ハプト数リガンドは、η1−アリル、η3−アリル、η3−アレニル、η2−ブタジエン、η4−ブタジエン、η1−シクロペンタジエン、η3−シクロペンタジエン、η5−シクロペンタジエン、η2−ベンゼン、η4−ベンゼン、η6−ベンゼン、η7−シクロヘプタトリエニル及びη8−シクロオクタトリエニルからなる群から選択された一つ以上を含むことを特徴とする請求項9に記載のリチウム空気電池。
- 前記多座リガンドが、エチレンジアミン、2,2’−ビピリジン、1,10−フェナントロリン、アセチルアセトネート、1,1−ビス(ジフェニルホスフィノ)エタン、1,2−ビス(ジフェニルホスフィノ)エタン、クラウンエーテル、クリプテート、ジエチレントリアミン、ジメチルグリオキシム、エチレンジアミンテトラアセテート、エチレンジアミントリアセテート、グリシネート、ヘム、トリエチレンテトラアミン及びテルピリジンからなる群から選択された一つ以上を含むことを特徴とする請求項9に記載のリチウム空気電池。
- 前記リガンドが、C5−C50脂肪族環、C2−C50ヘテロ脂肪族環、C5−C50芳香族環またはC2−C50ヘテロ芳香族環を含むことを特徴とする請求項1に記載のリチウム空気電池。
- 前記リガンドが、フタロシアニン環、ポルフィリン環、シクロペンタジエン環、インデン環、ピリジン環、カルバゾール環、イミダゾール環、ピロール環、チオフェン環、チアントレン環、フラン環、ピラン環、イソベンゾフラン環、ピラゾール環、イソチアゾール環、イソオキサゾール環、ピラジン環、ピリミジン環、ピリダジン環、ピロリジン環、インドリジン環、イソインドール環、インドール環、インダゾール環、プリン環、キノリジン環、イソキノリン環、キノリン環、フタラジン環、ナフチリジン環、キノキサリン環、キナゾリン環、シンノリン環、プテリジン環、フェナントリジン環、アクリジン環、ペリミジン環、フェナントロリン環、フェナジン環、フェノチアジン環、フェノキサジン環、及びそれらの誘導体からなる群から選択された一つ以上を含むことを特徴とする請求項1に記載のリチウム空気電池。
- 前記リガンドが、F、Cl、Br、I、Si、N、O、S、P、B、Se、Te及びAsからなる群から選択された一つ以上のヘテロ原子を含むことを特徴とする請求項1に記載のリチウム空気電池。
- 前記リガンドが、ベンゼン、シクロペンタジエン、アセチルアセトネート、アセテート、ピリジン、ビピリジン、トリフェニルホスフィン、ジエチレントリアミン、エチレンジアミン、エチレンジアミンテトラアセテート(EDTA)、エチレンジアミントリアセテート、1,2−ビス(ジフェニルホスフィノ)エタン、1,1−ビス(ジフェニルホスフィノ)メタン、1,10−フェナントロリン、コロール、クラウンエーテル、[2,2,2]クリプタンド、ジメチルグリオキシメート、グリシネート、ヘム、ニトロシル、ピラジン、スコルピオネート、2,6−ビス(2−ピリジル)ピリジン、1,4,7−トリアザシクロノナン、トリシクロヘキシルホスフィン、トリエチレンテトラアミン、トリメチレンホスフィン、トリ(o−トリル)ホスフィン、トリス(2−アミノエチル)アミン、トリス(2−ジフェニルホスフィンエチル)アミン、トロピリウム、オキサレート、フタロシアニン、ポルフィリン、I−、Br−、S2−、S−CN−、Cl−、NO3 −、N3 −、F−、OH−、C2O4 2−、H2O、N=C=S−、CH3CN、NH3、NO2 −、CN−、C=O、SO3 2−、及びそれらの誘導体からなる群から選択された一つ以上を含むことを特徴とする請求項1に記載のリチウム空気電池。
- 前記有機系電解質が、遷移金属と、1以上のハプト数シクロペンタジエン・リガンドとを含むメタロセン系錯体;遷移金属と、フタロシアニン・リガンドとを含むフタロシアニン系錯体;遷移金属と、ポルフィリン・リガンドとを含むポルフィリン系錯体;遷移金属と、アミン系リガンドとを含むアミン系錯体;遷移金属と、ホスフィン系リガンドとを含むホスフィン系錯体;遷移金属と、ピリジン系リガンドとを含むピリジン系錯体;遷移金属と、フェナントロリン系リガンドとを含むフェナントロリン系錯体;遷移金属と、アセチルアセトネート系リガンドとを含むアセチルアセトネート系錯体;遷移金属と、アセテート・リガンドとを含むアセテート系錯体;からなる群から選択された一つ以上の錯体を含むことを特徴とする請求項1に記載のリチウム空気電池。
- 前記有機系電解質で、前記金属−リガンド錯体の含有量が0.01mMないし5Mであることを特徴とする請求項1に記載のリチウム空気電池。
- 前記有機系電解質が、非プロトン性溶媒を含むことを特徴とする請求項1に記載のリチウム空気電池。
- 前記有機系電解質が、アルカリ金属またはアルカリ土類金属の塩を含むことを特徴とする請求項1に記載のリチウム空気電池。
- 前記アルカリ金属塩またはアルカリ土類金属塩の陽イオンが、リチウムイオン、ナトリウムイオン、マグネシウムイオン、カリウムイオン、カルシウムイオン、ルビジウムイオン、ストロンチウムイオン、セシウムイオン、バリウムイオンからなる群から選択された一つ以上を含むことを特徴とする請求項19に記載のリチウム空気電池。
- 前記塩の陰イオンが、PF6 −、BF4 −、SbF6 −、AsF6 −、C4F9SO3 −、ClO4 −、AlO2 −、AlCl4 −、CxF2x+1SO3 −(ここで、xは、自然数である)、(CxF2x+1SO2)(CyF2y+1SO2)N−(ここで、x及びyは、自然数である)、及びハライドからなる群から選択された一つ以上を含むことを特徴とする請求項19に記載のリチウム空気電池。
- 前記有機系電解質で、アルカリ金属またはアルカリ土類金属の塩の含有量が、100mMないし10Mであることを特徴とする請求項17に記載のリチウム空気電池。
- 前記負極が、リチウム金属、リチウム金属ベースの合金、またはリチウム吸蔵化合物を含むことを特徴とする請求項1に記載のリチウム空気電池。
- 前記正極が、導電性材料を含むことを特徴とする請求項1に記載のリチウム空気電池。
- 前記導電性材料が、多孔性炭素系材料を含むことを特徴とする請求項24に記載のリチウム空気電池。
- 前記正極が、酸素酸化/還元触媒をさらに含むことを特徴とする請求項1に記載のリチウム空気電池。
- 前記正極と負極との間に、セパレータをさらに含むことを特徴とする請求項1に記載のリチウム空気電池。
- 前記負極と前記有機系電解質との間に、リチウムイオン伝導性固体電解質膜をさらに含むことを特徴とする請求項1に記載のリチウム空気電池。
- 前記有機系電解液で金属−リガンド錯体の含量が約500mMないし約2Mであることを特徴にする請求項17に記載のリチウム空気電池。
- 前記触媒がオキサイド、ゼオライト、クレイミネラル及びカーボンで成り立った群で選択される請求項26に記載のリチウム空気電池。
- 前記負極及び前記正極がバインダを追加的に含むことを特徴とする請求項1に記載のリチウム空気電池。
- リチウムを含む負極と、
酸素を正極活物質として使用する正極と、
有機系電解質と、を含み、
前記有機系電解質が、金属−リガンド錯体を含んで、
金属−リガンド錯体のリガンドが脂肪族鎖、脂肪族環、ヘテロ脂肪族鎖、ヘテロ脂肪族環、芳香族環及びヘテロ芳香族環からなる群から選択された一つ以上を含むことを特徴とするリチウム空気電池。
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JP2018198188A (ja) * | 2017-05-25 | 2018-12-13 | 日本電信電話株式会社 | リチウム空気二次電池 |
JP2018198186A (ja) * | 2017-05-25 | 2018-12-13 | 日本電信電話株式会社 | リチウム空気二次電池 |
JP2019096451A (ja) * | 2017-11-22 | 2019-06-20 | 日本電信電話株式会社 | リチウム空気二次電池 |
JP2019160710A (ja) * | 2018-03-16 | 2019-09-19 | 日本電信電話株式会社 | リチウム空気二次電池 |
WO2019177082A1 (ja) * | 2018-03-16 | 2019-09-19 | 日本電信電話株式会社 | リチウム空気二次電池 |
WO2020066253A1 (ja) * | 2018-09-28 | 2020-04-02 | パナソニックIpマネジメント株式会社 | リチウム二次電池 |
JPWO2020066253A1 (ja) * | 2018-09-28 | 2021-08-30 | パナソニックIpマネジメント株式会社 | リチウム二次電池 |
JP7281776B2 (ja) | 2018-09-28 | 2023-05-26 | パナソニックIpマネジメント株式会社 | リチウム二次電池 |
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JP6039180B2 (ja) | 2016-12-07 |
US9178254B2 (en) | 2015-11-03 |
US20120141889A1 (en) | 2012-06-07 |
EP2463950B1 (en) | 2013-08-28 |
KR20120063163A (ko) | 2012-06-15 |
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