JP2010099483A - 眼への適用および他への適用のための可撓性マイクロチップデバイス - Google Patents
眼への適用および他への適用のための可撓性マイクロチップデバイス Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
【解決手段】このアレイ50は、2つ以上のマイクロチップデバイスエレメント54を含み、2つ以上のマイクロチップデバイスエレメントの各々は、制御された放出のための分子または選択的曝露のための成分を含む複数のレザバ62、およびデバイスエレメントに可撓的に接続する手段を含む。このレザバは、1つ以上の薬物および/または1つ以上の第2のデバイス(例えば、センサーまたはそれらのエレメント)を含み得る。好ましくは、このマイクロチップデバイスは、治療的分子、予防的分子、および診断分子を含み、かつそれらを必要とする患者の眼の上または眼の中に対し、それらの分子を制御可能に放出する。
【選択図】図1A
Description
米国特許法119条の下で、2001年1月9日に出願された米国特許出願番号60/260,725に対する優先権を主張する。
本発明は、一般に、移植可能なマイクロチップデバイスおよびこれらの使用のための方法の分野、特に眼および他の医療適用の分野にある。
湾曲状の表面に適合し得るマイクロチップデバイスアレイが、レザバ内容物の制御放出または曝露のために提供される。このアレイは、2つ以上のマイクロチップデバイスエレメントを含み、これらはそれぞれ、制御放出のための分子または選択的曝露のための成分を含む複数のレザバ、およびデバイスエレメントと可撓性に連結する方法を含む。
続を含み、その結果マイクロチップデバイスエレメントは、それぞれ、通常のエネルギー供給源または制御供給源によって電源され得るか、または制御され得る。
上記に加えて、本発明は、以下の手段を提供する:
(項目1) レザバ内容物の制御された放出または曝露のためのマイクロチップデバイスアレイであって、該マイクロチップデバイスアレイが、以下:
2つ以上のマイクロチップデバイスエレメントであって、該2つ以上のマイクロチップデバイスエレメントの各々が複数のレザバを含み、該レザバが、制御された放出のための分子または選択的な曝露のための成分を含有する、2つ以上のマイクロチップデバイスエレメント;および
湾曲状の表面に適合し得る可撓性アレイを形成するように、該デバイスエレメントに可撓的に接続するための手段
を含む、マイクロチップデバイスアレイ。
(項目2) 項目1に記載のマイクロチップデバイスアレイであって、前記可撓的に接続するための手段が、前記デバイスエレメントの表面に取り付けられた可撓性支持層を含む、マイクロチップデバイスアレイ。
(項目3) 項目2に記載のマイクロチップデバイスアレイであって、前記可撓性支持層がポリマーを含む、マイクロチップデバイスアレイ。
(項目4) 項目3に記載のマイクロチップデバイスアレイであって、前記ポリマーが、ポリイミド、ポリエステル、パリレンおよびヒドロゲルからなる群より選択される、マイクロチップデバイスアレイ。
(項目5) 項目1に記載のマイクロチップデバイスアレイであって、前記可撓性支
持層は、前記レザバから分子を放出可能なように多孔性もしくは透過性であるか、または該可撓性支持層にわたり1つ以上の開口部が提供される、マイクロチップデバイスアレイ。
(項目6) 項目1に記載のマイクロチップデバイスアレイであって、前記可撓的に接続するための手段が、2つ以上の前記デバイスエレメントを接続するための1つ以上のヒンジまたは可撓性のつなぎを含む、マイクロチップデバイスアレイ。
(項目7) 患者の表面または患者の中に移植するための項目1に記載のマイクロチップデバイスアレイであって、前記アレイが、組織表面の湾曲に適合し得る、マイクロチップデバイスアレイ。
(項目8) 患者の眼内または患者の眼の表面への移植のための項目7に記載のマイクロチップデバイスアレイであって、前記組織表面が、眼の組織を含む、マイクロチップデバイスアレイ。
(項目9) 前記組織表面が、角質層、粘膜、血管、骨、脳、および膀胱からなる群より選択される、項目7に記載のマイクロチップデバイスアレイ。
(項目10) 前記マイクロチップデバイスエレメントが、前記レザバ上にレザバのキャップを含む、項目1に記載のマイクロチップデバイスアレイ。
(項目11) 前記マイクロチップデバイスエレメントにワイヤレスで連絡する手段をさらに含む、項目1に記載のマイクロチップデバイスアレイ。
(項目12) 前記連絡する手段が、入射光のエネルギーを受け取るための光電池を含む、項目11に記載のマイクロチップデバイスアレイ。
(項目13) エネルギー貯蔵手段をさらに含む、項目1に記載のマイクロチップデバイスアレイ。
(項目14) 前記エネルギー貯蔵手段が、コンデンサー、電池、または、それら両方を含む、項目13に記載のマイクロチップデバイスアレイ。
(項目15) 項目1に記載のマイクロチップデバイスアレイであって、前記マイクロチップデバイスエレメントが、各々、共通エネルギー供給源によってエネルギーを供給され得るか、または共通の制御供給源によって制御され得るように、該マイクロチップデバイスアレイが、2つ以上の該マイクロチップデバイスエレメント間の電気的接続をさらに含む、マイクロチップデバイスアレイ。
(項目16) 前記レザバが、薬物分子を含む、項目1に記載のマイクロチップデバイスアレイ。
(項目17) 前記レザバが、曝露のための1つ以上の第2のデバイスを含む、項目1に記載のマイクロチップデバイスアレイ。
(項目18) 前記第2のデバイスが、センサーを含む、項目17に記載のマイクロチップデバイスアレイ。
(項目19) 前記センサーが、圧力センサーまたは化学センサーである、項目18に記載のマイクロチップデバイスアレイ。
(項目20) 項目1に記載のマイクロチップデバイスアレイであって、前記マイクロチップデバイスエレメントが、薬物分子を含む複数のレザバおよびセンサーを含む少なくとも1つのレザバを含む、マイクロチップデバイスアレイ。
(項目21) 項目1に記載のマイクロチップデバイスアレイであって、前記レザバが、診断用試薬、触媒、コンビナトリアルケミストリー前駆体、および芳香分子からなる群より選択される分子を含む、マイクロチップデバイスアレイ。
(項目22) 電気的トレースが、前記デバイスエレメントに可撓的に接続するための前記手段の中に作製された、項目1に記載のマイクロチップデバイスアレイ。
(項目23) 可撓性で、受動的な放出デバイスエレメントを含む、項目1に記載のマイクロチップデバイスアレイ。
(項目24) 前記患者における組織内腔または他の器官構造の開放性を増強させる、項目7に記載のマイクロチップデバイスアレイ。
(項目25) 患者に薬物分子を送達するための方法であって、該方法は、以下:
該患者の組織表面内または組織表面上に項目16に記載のマイクロチップデバイスアレイを移植する工程;および
1つ以上の前記レザバから有効量の該薬物分子を選択的に放出させる工程、
を包含する、方法。
(項目26) 前記マイクロチップデバイスが、前記患者の強膜もしくは眼の別の表面上または、該患者の強膜もしくは眼の別の表面内に移植される、項目25に記載の方法。
(項目27) 前記薬物の放出が、ワイヤレスで作動する、項目25に記載の方法。
(項目28) 前記作動が、マイクロチップデバイスアレイへの光の適用による作動である、項目27に記載の方法。
(項目29) 前記光が、レーザー源からの光である、項目28に記載の方法。
(項目30) 前記レーザー光が、前記レザバを覆う1つ以上のレザバキャップを除去または透過する、項目29に記載の方法。
(項目31) 前記組織表面が、角質層、粘膜、血管、骨、脳、および膀胱からなる群より選択される、項目25に記載の方法。
(項目32) 1つの部位で分子または物理学的特性を感知するための方法であって、該方法は、以下:
1つの部位に、項目18に記載のマイクロチップデバイスアレイを移植する工程;および
該部位で分子または特性に該センサーのうち少なくとも1つのセンサーを選択的に曝し、これにより該少なくとも1つのセンサーに該分子または該特性を感知させ得る、工程
を包含する、方法。
(項目33) 患者の眼の上または眼の中の分子または物理学的特性を感知するための方法であって、該方法が、以下:
複数のレザバを有するマイクロチップデバイスを提供する工程であって、該複数のレザバが、センサーを含む、工程;
該患者の眼の中または眼の上の部位に該マイクロチップデバイスを移植する工程;および
該部位の分子または特性に、1つ以上の該センサーを選択的に曝露する工程、
を包含する、方法。
(項目34) 前記センサーが、圧力センサーを含み、そして状態が、眼内圧である、項目33に記載の方法。
(項目35) 前記センサーが、化学センサーを含む、項目33に記載の方法。
(項目36) 前記センサーの前記選択的曝露が、ワイヤレスで作動する、項目33に記載の方法。
(項目37) 前記作動が、前記マイクロチップデバイスへの光の適用による作動である、項目36に記載の方法。
(項目38) 前記光が、レーザー源からの光である、項目37に記載の方法。
(項目39) 前記レーザー光が、前記レザバを覆う1つ以上のレザバキャップを除去または透過する、項目38に記載の方法。
(項目40) 項目33に記載の方法であって、前記マイクロチップデバイスが、マイクロチップデバイスアレイを含み、該マイクロチップデバイスアレイが2つ以上のマイクロチップデバイスエレメントを含み、該2つ以上のマイクロチップデバイスエレメントの各々が、複数のレザバおよび手段を含み、該複数のレザバが、制御された放出のための分子または選択的な曝露のための成分を含み、該手段が、可撓性アレイが前記眼の湾曲状の表面に適合し得るように、該デバイスエレメントを可撓的に接続するための手段である、方法。
眼は、比較的小さい器官である。眼の表面の内側と外側の両方は、湾曲しており、それ故、眼に薬剤を送達するために使用されるか、または眼におけるセンサーとして使用される任意のデバイスのサイズ、形および剛性は、重要である。マイクロチップデバイスは、特定の適用の特異的な要求に依存して、大きくまたは小さく作製され得る。これらのマイクロチップのための基材は、周囲の環境に放出されるか、または曝露されることを所望されるまで、レザバの内容物を保護する半導体または他の材料から構成され得る。小さいデバイスについて、基板材料の形および剛性は、大きいデバイスについての基板材料の形および剛性ほど重要ではない。例えば、十分に薄くする場合、いくつかの代表的な堅い基板材料(例えば、シリコン)は、可撓性になり得る。しかし、平滑な、堅いマイクロチップが、拡張されるか、または厚くされる場合、眼の湾曲に余り適合し得なくなる。眼の表面に接触するデバイスの表面全体、別の湾曲した組織表面、またはこの問題についての任意の他の湾曲した表面が必要である場合、これは、問題であり得る。
好ましい実施形態において、デバイスは、可撓性支持層に付着されるか、または可撓性支持層と一体となるマイクロチップデバイスエレメントを含む。好ましくは、少なくとも
2つ(例えば、少なくとも4つ、少なくとも5つ、少なくとも12など)のマイクロチップデバイスエレメントのアレイは、組織表面の湾曲(例えば、以下に記載されるような眼の表面)に適合し得る単一の大きい可撓性デバイスを形成する。
マイクロチップデバイス(すなわち、マイクロチップデバイスエレメント)は、両方ともSantiniらに対する、米国特許第5,797,898号および同第6,123,861号、ならびにPCT WO01/64344、WO 01/41736、WO01/35928、およびWO 01/12157に記載され、これらは、本明細書中でその全体を参考として援用される。各マイクロチップデバイスは、放出または曝露のためのレザバ内容物を含む複数のレザバを有する基板を含む。
好ましくは、可撓性連結のための手段は、各デバイスエレメントの少なくとも1つの表面に固定された可撓性支持層を含む。
あるか、または(i)レザバから放出され得る分子もしくは(ii)レザバ内容物と接触する必要がある目的の環境の分子、に浸透可能である場合、可撓性支持層は、放出側に固定され得る。あるいは、マイクロチップデバイスエレメントは、効果的に、可撓性支持層内に埋め込まれ得る。
たはヒンジを形成するため、あるいはそれらを補完するために使用され得る。
マイクロチップレザバ内容物は基本的に、マイクロチップデバイスのレザバに含まれ得る、任意の化学薬品または第2のデバイス、またはそれらの部分であり得る。用語「第2のデバイス」は代表的に構造をいい、そしてレザバから放出されることが意図される薬剤または他の化学分子を含まない。マイクロチップデバイスは、種々の形態(例えば、固体、液体またはゲル)で多数の薬剤または化学薬品を含み得、そしてセンサーまたは診断用薬を含み得る。
本明細書中で記載されるマイクロチップデバイスは、単一で大きく剛性なマイクロチップデバイスが好ましくあり得ない種々の部位で有用である。このような部位の例には以下のものが挙げられるがこれらには限らない:ヒトおよび他の哺乳動物における移植部位。本明細書中で使用される場合、「移植」および「移植する」は代表的に、組織表面上にマイクロチップデバイスを安全に位置づけることをいう。例えば、本明細書中で記載されるマイクロチップデバイスは、眼の外面に装着され得るか、または公知の医術および外科技術を使用または適応して眼内に移植され得る。
能動的なマイクロチップデバイスは、レザバからの分子の放出またはレザバ内容物の露出を開始するための電力を必要とする。能動的なマイクロチップデバイスからの放出また
は露出を開始するための電力を供給する2つの主要な方法が存在する。これらには、プレチャージ(pre−charged)電力源の使用およびオンデマンド(on−demand)電力源の使用が挙げられる。プレチャージされた電源(例えば、プレチャージマイクロバッテリ)は、マイクロチップおよびその付属したエレクトロニクスと共に組み込まれ得る。このようなプレチャージマイクロバッテリは、例えば、そのマイクロチップ上で製造された薄膜バッテリであり得るか、または相互接続およびパッケージングを介してマイクロチップに接続された別個の構成要素として存在し得る。プレチャージされた電源の場合において、電力源は、マイクロチップの作動する寿命の間に必要とされる全ての電力を貯蔵しなければならない。もし必要とされる全ての電力が保持され得ないならば、マイクロチップの寿命の間に、ある時点で新しいバッテリを、古いバッテリと取り替えなければならない。
1つの実施形態において、眼のマイクロチップデバイスは、可撓性支持層に取り付けられた小さく剛性な薬物含有マイクロチップのアレイの形態であり、その結果、全体のアレイは、眼の裏側の外面に適合し得る。マイクロチップは、支持層に組み込まれた可撓性電気接続により、お互いに接続される。この実施形態において、マイクロチップのアレイは、単一のマイクロプロセッサにより制御され、そして電力は小さなバッテリにより供給される。アレイは、眼の裏面に装着され、そして支持層を介するいくつかの小さな縫合により適所に、そして目の内部組織内に保持される。マイクロプロセッサは予めプログラムされ、多重化回路を介して電力をバッテリから特定のレザバキャップへ方向付けることにより特定のレザバから薬物を放出する。特定の実施形態において、キャップは金から作られており、そして約1ボルトの電位(対SCE)がこれらに適用された場合、キャップは生物学的溶液中で崩壊する。いったん薬物がレザバから放出されると、眼の表面と接触し、そして眼内に拡散する。このプロセスは、単一のマイクロチップまたはマイクロチップのアレイから放出されたいくつかの異なる薬物を用いて、何度も繰り返され得る。デバイス構成要素の型および構成およびアレイにおけるマイクロチップの数は、特定の用途について必要とされる場合変えられ得る。
マイクロチップデバイスエレメントは、米国特許第5,797、898号、米国特許第6,123,861号、PCT WO01/64344、PCT WO01/35928およびPCT WO01/12157ならびに本明細書中に記載されているように、一般的に使用されそして操作され得る。
薄膜の金のレザバキャップを備えるシリコンマイクロチップデバイスを電気化学的に作動させるための電力の必要量は、電力が光学的に供給され得るのに十分な少量である。信号輸送電力が変調され、デバイスに送信される情報を含む多数の無線システムにおいて行
なわれるように、眼内レーザーは、デバイスへの電力の供給およびデバイスへの指令の送信の両方に使用され得る。あるいは、非レーザー源からの集束光は、デバイスを操作するのに十分であり得る。
眼用レーザーはまた、眼の内部に移植されているかまたは眼の外側に取り付けされたマイクロチップデバイスのレザバを開けるために用いられ得る。外科医は、レーザーを1つ以上のレザバキャップに向け得、このキャップ物質の崩壊を引き起こすかまたは、これを透過性にし、これによりそのレザバに含まれる薬物または化学薬品を放出し得るか、または周辺の環境に、このレザバの他のレザバ内容物(例えば、センサ)を曝露し得る。例えば、このレザバキャップは、低融点ポリマーで作製され、そしてのレーザーがこのレザバキャップを柔軟化または溶解する場合に、このレザバは、開けられる。
、長期間にわたり必要とされるような薬物の送達のために用いられ得る。例えば、患者は、医院に定期的に(例えば、2〜4週間毎に)訪問し得、そして、医師は、眼用レーザーを用いて、移植されたマイクロチップデバイスの1つのレザバ(または複数のレザバ)を開けて、患者の眼の中に薬物を放出させ得る。
このマイクロチップデバイスおよび使用の方法は、種々の治療的眼用適用、予防的眼用
適用、および診断的眼用適用、ならびに他の(非眼用の)医療用移植適用のために用いられ得る。
本明細書中に記載されるデバイスは、医療用および非医療用の両方での広範な種々の使用を有する。例えば、このマイクロチップデバイスに関する他の医療適用としては、血管の(内側または外側)壁および他の器官(例えば、膀胱)またはその中のような部位での薬物送達および感知が挙げられる。他の組織の表面(すなわち、移植部位)としては、肌(例えば、マイクロチップデバイスが、薬物の経皮送達のために用いられ得る、例えば、角質層)、および粘膜組織表面(例えば、膣または頬の薬物送達)、血管壁(内側または外側)、および他の器官(例えば、膀胱)が挙げられる。
Claims (17)
- レザバ内容物の制御可能な放出または曝露のためのデバイスアレイであって、該デバイスアレイが、以下:
2つ以上のデバイスエレメントであって、該2つ以上のデバイスエレメントの各々が複数のレザバを含み、該レザバが、制御された放出のための分子または選択的な曝露のための成分を含有する、2つ以上のデバイスエレメント;および
湾曲状の表面に適合し得る可撓性アレイを形成するように、該デバイスエレメントに可撓的に接続するための手段であって、該可撓的に接続するための手段が、該デバイスエレメントの表面に取り付けられた可撓性支持層を含むか、または2つ以上の該デバイスエレメントを接続するための1つ以上のヒンジまたは可撓性のつなぎを含む、可撓的に接続するための手段
を含み、該デバイスアレイは、別個の外部の集束光源からの集束光に応答して該レザバ内容物を放出または曝露するように構成されている、デバイスアレイ。 - 請求項1に記載のデバイスアレイであって、眼に局所的に移植されるように構成されている、デバイスアレイ。
- 請求項1に記載のデバイスアレイであって、前記2つ以上のデバイスエレメントの各々がマイクロチップデバイスを含む、デバイスアレイ。
- 請求項1に記載のデバイスアレイであって、前記別個の外部の集束光源がレーザー光である、デバイスアレイ。
- 請求項1に記載のデバイスアレイであって、前記複数のレザバの各々が、レザバキャップに覆われたレザバ開口部を有する、デバイスアレイ。
- 患者の眼へ局部的に移植するための薬物送達デバイスであって、該デバイスは、以下:
複数のレザバを含むデバイスであって、該レザバの各々が、外部光源からの集束光によって引き起こされる物質の崩壊、破壊または透過のときに制御された放出をされる薬物分子を含む、デバイス
を含み、
該薬物送達デバイスが、移植されたときに眼の組織の表面に適合する、薬物送達デバイス。 - 請求項6に記載の薬物送達デバイスであって、前記外部光源がレーザー光である、デバイス。
- 請求項6に記載の薬物送達デバイスであって、前記複数のレザバの各々が、レザバキャップによって覆われたレザバ開口部を有する、デバイス。
- レザバを選択的に開けるためのシステムであって、該システムは、以下:
少なくとも1つのレザバが位置づけられる基板を含むデバイスであって、該レザバは物質によって覆われた開口部を有し、薬物またはセンサーが該少なくとも1つのレザバ内に位置づけられる、デバイス;および
該デバイスとは別個の光源であって、該光源は、集束光を該デバイスに向けて、該物質を崩壊させるかまたは透過性にして、それにより該薬物またはセンサーが放出または曝露する、光源;
を含む、システム。 - 前記光源がレーザー光である、請求項9に記載のシステム。
- 前記物質がレザバキャップを含む、請求項9に記載のシステム。
- 部品のキットであって、以下:
少なくとも1つのレザバが位置づけられかつ物質によって覆われている基板を含む、移植可能なデバイスであって、該デバイスは、眼に移植されたときに眼の組織表面に適合するように適応している、デバイス;および
集束光を該レザバキャップに向けて、該物質を崩壊させるかまたは透過性にするための、該デバイスとは分離した光源;
を備えるキット。 - 前記光源がレーザー光である、請求項12に記載のキット。
- 前記少なくとも1つのレザバが、レザバキャップによって覆われたレザバ開口部を含む、請求項12に記載のキット。
- 患者への薬物の制御された送達のためのシステムであって、
該患者の眼に局部的に移植するための移植可能デバイスであって、該デバイスは、少なくとも1つのレザバが位置される基板を含み、該少なくとも1つのレザバは開口部を有し、そして薬物を含む放出システムを含む、デバイス;ならびに
集束光を該少なくとも1つのレザバ中の該放出システムに向け、該薬物を該デバイスから該患者の眼へと放出させるための、光源
を含む、システム。 - 前記光源がレーザー光である、請求項15に記載のシステム。
- 前記レザバ開口部がレザバキャップによって覆われている、請求項15に記載のシステム。
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US7879019B2 (en) | 2011-02-01 |
AU2002241834B2 (en) | 2006-11-09 |
US8308707B2 (en) | 2012-11-13 |
US20080071252A1 (en) | 2008-03-20 |
US20060178655A1 (en) | 2006-08-10 |
EP1372602A2 (en) | 2004-01-02 |
US7582080B2 (en) | 2009-09-01 |
ATE359762T1 (de) | 2007-05-15 |
WO2002055058A2 (en) | 2002-07-18 |
CA2432438A1 (en) | 2002-07-18 |
JP4657577B2 (ja) | 2011-03-23 |
CA2432438C (en) | 2011-04-26 |
US20080221557A1 (en) | 2008-09-11 |
DE60219607D1 (de) | 2007-05-31 |
DE60219607T2 (de) | 2007-12-27 |
US6976982B2 (en) | 2005-12-20 |
JP2004517858A (ja) | 2004-06-17 |
JP2009142661A (ja) | 2009-07-02 |
US20020099359A1 (en) | 2002-07-25 |
WO2002055058A3 (en) | 2003-10-16 |
EP1372602B1 (en) | 2007-04-18 |
US7776024B2 (en) | 2010-08-17 |
JP4354521B2 (ja) | 2009-10-28 |
US20110172587A1 (en) | 2011-07-14 |
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