JP2008264582A - 接近経路の封止装置 - Google Patents
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Abstract
【解決手段】本発明の套管針組立体は、軸線に沿って近位端と遠位端の間に延びるカニューレと、カニューレと導通して作業チャネルを定める封止ハウジングと、封止ハウジングの内部に配置されるローラとを備える。ローラが軸を中心に旋回自在である。更に、套管針組立体は、ローラに組込まれて、作業チャネルに挿入された器具に反応して引裂かれ易い特性を有する弾性材を備える。ローラが挿入された器具により回転可能となると、軸に相対的に弾性材を旋回させることで弾性材の引裂きを抑止する。
【選択図】図3
Description
弁体は弁ハウジング内では、弁体が器具に対して第1の圧縮特性を示す第1位置と弁体が器具に対して第2の圧縮特性を示す第2位置との間で移動可能である。ハウジングは1対の対向壁を備えており、これらが第1位置と第2位置の間で八の字状に広がる。ハウジングの軸線方向断面は形状が三角形または台形である。
作業チャネル27を封止するのが望まれるのは器具30が中に無いときばかりか、器具30が図1に例示されているように操作可能に配備されているときにも、封止するのが望ましい。
ワッシャー81および83はポリテトラフルオロエチレン材から作成されてもよいし、その代わりに、織布材から形成されていてもよい。
この実施形態によって示された並進運動は器具30に加わる挿入力を低減する傾向がある。
この実施形態では、ゲル材80は多数の区分181から186に分割形成されているが、これら区分は軸線18から放射方向に配置され、かつ、共同して円錐曲線回転体190を形成している。区分181から186は共通軸192を中心に個別に回転自在であるが、共通軸もまた円錐曲線回転体形状を有している。この実施形態では、ゼロ封止76は元より器具封止78も回転体軸192の内側に形成されているのが分かる。個々の区分181から186の回転特性を維持することによっても、器具30の作業チャネル27への挿入を容易にしている。
図44に例示された断面図によると、内側壁221および223は1個の円筒状の壁から構成することができることに注目するべきである。かかる実施形態では、ローラ216は螺旋形状を有しているのが好ましい。これに代わるものとして、壁221および壁223は各々が平坦な形状を有しており、その場合、ローラ216は形状が円筒状であるのが好ましい。
大型の器具278が挿入されると、ローラ38とローラ41は前述の態様で広いほうの遠位端270に向けて並進する。しかしながら、図66の実施形態を利用した場合、低摩擦ループ281および283はローラ38およびローラ41とハウジング25との間の摩擦力を相当に低減する。勿論、これにより大型器具278に付随する挿入力も低下する。
アイドラーローラとワイパー封止とを利用して、潤沢剤または殺菌剤などを受け入れるポケットを設けることもできる。通例、ローラは高度の従順性に富んでいるため、器具封止を器具径の広い範囲にわたって形成することもできる。膨張可能なローラも考えられるが、高度の伸縮自在性を提供するゲル材によって従順性を供与するのが普通である。
〔態様1〕
体壁を貫通して体腔に外科手術用器具を挿入することを目的とした接近経路を設け套管針であって、
近位端および遠位端を有しているカニューレと、
カニューレと導通して作業チャネルを定める封止ハウジングと、
封止ハウジング内に配置された封止組立体と、
封止組立体の内部に組込まれて、封止ハウジングによって軸が支持された少なくとも1個のローラとを備えており、
ローラは、器具が中に無いときにはゼロ封止を設け、器具が中に在るときには器具封止を設ける特性を有している、
ことを特徴とする套管針。
〔態様2〕
前記ローラは、前記封止ハウジングとは相対的に前記軸を中心として旋回自在であることを特徴とする、上記態様1に記載の套管針。
〔態様3〕
前記軸は前記封止ハウジングと固定関係にあり、
前記ローラは前記軸と旋回関係にあることを特徴とする、上記態様1に記載の套管針。
〔態様4〕
前記ローラは放射方向断面の形状が幾何学的形状であることを特徴とする、上記態様1に記載の套管針。
〔態様5〕
前記幾何学的形状が円形であることを特徴とする、上記態様4に記載の套管針。
〔態様6〕
前記幾何学的形状が星型であることを特徴とする、上記態様4に記載の套管針。
〔態様7〕
前記ローラは第1のローラであり、前記軸は第1の軸であり、
前記套管針が、第2の軸上に配置されて、第1のローラと封止係合状態にある第2のローラを更に備えており、
第2の軸は第1の軸と略平行関係にあることを特徴とする、上記態様1に記載の套管針。
〔態様8〕
前記第1のローラは第1の半径を有する第1の円筒の形状を有しており、
前記第2のローラは第2の半径を有する第2の円筒の形状を有しており、
第1の軸は第2の軸から、第1の軸と第2の軸の和を越えない距離だけ分離されていることを特徴とする、上記態様7に記載の套管針。
〔態様9〕
前記ローラは前記器具と器具封止を形成するような寸法および形状に設定されており、器具封止は、約0ミリメートルの下限から約6ミリメートルと約12ミリメートルの間の範囲にある上限にまでわたる直径を有していることを特徴とする、上記態様1に記載の套管針。
〔態様10〕
前記封止ハウジングに対して前記ローラを付勢させるばねを更に備えていることを特徴とする、上記態様1に記載の套管針。
〔態様11〕
前記ローラは第1の軸を中心に回転自在な第1のローラであり、
前記套管針が、第1の軸を中心に回転自在な第2のローラを更に備えていることを特徴とする、上記態様1に記載の套管針。
〔態様12〕
前記ローラは第1の軸を中心に回転自在な第1のローラであり、前記套管針が、第1の軸とは異なる第2の軸を中心に回転自在な少なくとも1個の第2のローラを更に備えていることを特徴とする、上記態様1に記載の套管針。
〔態様13〕
前記第1の軸および前記第2の軸とは異なる第3の軸を中心に回転自在な少なくとも1個の第3のローラを更に備えていることを特徴とする、上記態様12に記載の套管針。
〔態様14〕
前記ローラは円錐曲線回転体から構成されていることを特徴とする、上記態様1に記載の套管針。
外科手術用の多目的器具であって、
少なくとも約1ミリメートルの直径を有している器具と、
体壁を貫通して器具を配備するのを容易にする接近装置と、
接近装置に組込まれており、軸線が近位端と遠位端の間に延びるカニューレと、
カニューレと導通して、カニューレと一緒に作業チャネルを定めている封止ハウジングと、
接近装置の封止ハウジングの内部に配置された封止組立体と、
封止組立体に組込まれたローラとを備えており、器具が中に無いときにはゼロ封止を形成し、器具が中に在るときには器具封止を形成するようにローラの寸法と形状が設定されていることを特徴とする、外科手術用の多目的器具。
〔態様16〕
前記ローラはゲル材からなることを特徴とする、上記態様15に記載の外科手術用の多目的器具。
〔態様17〕
前記ローラは両端を有する軸を備えており、
軸の両端のうち少なくとも一方は前記ハウジングにより支持されていることを特徴とする、上記態様15に記載の外科手術用の多目的器具。
〔態様18〕
前記封止ハウジングの内部に配備された内側壁を更に備えており、
前記ローラが内側壁とゼロ封止を形成する特性を有していることを特徴とする、上記態様15に記載の外科手術用の多目的器具。
〔態様19〕
前記ローラは、前記軸上に支持され、かつ、前記封止ハウジングに相対的に軸を中心として回転自在であるゲル材からなることを特徴とする、上記態様17に記載の外科手術用の多目的器具。
〔態様20〕
前記軸は前記封止ハウジングと固定関係にあり、前記ゲル材は軸上に支持され、かつ、軸に相対的に回転自在であることを特徴とする、上記態様17に記載の外科手術用の多目的器具。
〔態様21〕
前記器具の直径は少なくとも約5ミリメートルであることを特徴とする、上記態様15に記載の外科手術用の多目的器具。
〔態様22〕
前記器具の直径は少なくとも約10ミリメートルであることを特徴とする、上記態様21に記載の外科手術用の多目的器具。
〔態様23〕
前記封止ハウジングと前記ローラとは、透光性材料から形成されていることを特徴とする、上記態様15に記載の外科手術用の多目的器具。
套管針組立体であって、
軸線が近位端と遠位端の間に延在しているカニューレと、
カニューレと導通して、作業チャネルを定める弁ハウジングと、
弁ハウジング内で軸上に配置され、従順性に富む材料からなるローラ弁とを備えており、
ローラ弁は、器具が中に無いときには作業チャネルを横断するゼロ封止を形成し、器具が中に在るときには作業チャネルを横断する器具封止を形成するような特性を有しており、
器具封止の断面の直径が約0ミリメートルの下限から約6ミリメートルを越える上限にまでわたる範囲にあることを特徴とする、套管針組立体。
〔態様25〕
前記ローラ弁が、
前記弁ハウジングと壁封止を形成する第1の各部と、
前記作業チャネル内に器具が無いときにゼロ封止を形成し、作業チャネル内に器具が在るときに器具封止を形成する第2の各部とを備えていることを特徴とする、上記態様24に記載の套管針組立体。
〔態様26〕
前記ローラ弁が前記弁ハウジングに相対的に移動する特性を有していることを特徴とする、上記態様25に記載の套管針組立体。
〔態様27〕
前記ローラ弁が前記弁ハウジングに相対的に並進する特性を有していることを特徴とする、上記態様26に記載の套管針組立体。
〔態様28〕
前記ローラ弁が、前記作業チャネルに対して鋭角をなして配置された経路に沿って並進する特性を有していることを特徴とする、上記態様27に記載の套管針組立体。
〔態様29〕
前記ローラ弁が前記弁ハウジングに相対的に旋回する特性を有していることを特徴とする、上記態様26に記載の套管針組立体。
〔態様30〕
前記ローラ弁が前記弁ハウジングに相対的に回転する特性を有していることを特徴とする、上記態様29に記載の套管針組立体。
〔態様31〕
前記従順性に富む材料は、ゲルを含むことを特徴とする、上記態様24に記載の套管針組立体。
〔態様32〕
前記ローラ弁の前記従順性に富む材料は、膨張可能な嚢を含むことを特徴とする、上記態様24に記載の套管針組立体。
12 腹壁
14 腹腔
16 カニューレ
21 近位端
23 遠位端
25 封止ハウジング
27 作業チャネル
30 外科手術用器具
32 シャフト
36 封止組立体
38 ローラ
41 ローラ
43 軸
45 軸
Claims (34)
- 套管針組立体であって、
軸線に沿って近位端と遠位端の間に延びるカニューレと、
カニューレと導通して、作業チャネルを定める封止ハウジングと、
封止ハウジングの内部に配置されるローラとを備えており、ローラが軸を中心に旋回自在であり、
ローラに組込まれて、作業チャネルに挿入された器具に反応して引裂かれ易い特性を有している弾性材を更に備えており、
ローラが挿入された器具により回転可能となると、軸に相対的に弾性材を旋回させることで弾性材の引裂きを抑止するようにしたことを特徴とする、套管針組立体。 - 前記套管針が端面と外周面を有しており、
前記作業チャネルに挿入された器具が、端面に関与する摩擦抵抗と外周面に関与する回転抵抗とを受けることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の套管針。 - 前記弾性材は前記ローラの外表面を定めており、
前記外表面が前記作業チャネルに挿入された器具を打払うワイパーの特性を有していることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の套管針組立体。 - 前記ローラの端面と前記封止ハウジングとの間に配置されたワッシャーを更に備えていることを特徴とする、請求項2に記載の套管針組立体。
- 前記ワッシャーはポリテトラフルオロエチレン材および織布のうち少なくとも一方からなることを特徴とする、請求項4に記載の套管針組立体。
- 前記弾性材の各部が前記ローラの周囲に少なくとも1本の周方向の溝を定めていることを特徴とする、請求項3に記載の套管針組立体。
- 前記ローラは第1のローラであり、前記軸は第1の軸であり、
前記套管針組立体が、前記封止ハウジングの内部に配置され、かつ、第1の軸を中心に旋回自在である第2のローラを更に備えていることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の套管針組立体。 - 前記ローラは第1のローラであり、前記軸は第1の軸であり、
前記套管針組立体が、前記封止ハウジングの内部に配置され、かつ、第1の軸とは異なる第2の軸を中心に旋回自在である第2のローラを更に備えていることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の套管針組立体。 - 套管針組立体であって、
近位端および遠位端を有しているカニューレと、
カニューレと導通して、作業チャネルを定める封止ハウジングと、
外表面が軸を中心に旋回自在で、かつ、封止ハウジングの内表面の近位に配備されたローラと、
ローラの外表面とハウジングの内表面との間に配備された少なくとも1個のワイパーとを備えていることを特徴とする、套管針組立体。 - 前記ワイパーは前記ローラによって保持されており、ローラと共に回転して前記ハウジングの前記内表面を打払うことを特徴とする、請求項9に記載の套管針組立体。
- 前記ワイパーは前記封止ハウジング上に支持されており、前記ローラの前記外表面を打払うように配備されていることを特徴とする、請求項9に記載の套管針組立体。
- 前記ワイパーは第1のワイパーであり、
前記套管針組立体が、前記ハウジング上に支持され、かつ、第1のワイパーと協働して前記ローラの前記外表面とハウジングの前記内表面とによって定められたチャンバーを形成する第2のワイパーと、
チャンバーの内部に配備されてローラの外表面を被膜する物質とを更に備えていることを特徴とする、請求項11に記載の套管針組立体。 - 前記物質は潤沢剤であることを特徴とする、請求項12に記載の套管針組立体。
- 套管針組立体であって、
軸線が近位端と遠位端の間に延びているカニューレと、
カニューレと導通して、作業チャネルを定める封止ハウジングと、
軸が封止ハウジングによって支持されたローラとを備えており、ローラは、器具が作業チャネルに挿入されると器具封止を形成する特性を有しており、
ローラの外表面を規定する弾性材を更に備えており、
弾性材と軸のうちの一方の各部が少なくとも1個の空隙を定めていることを特徴とする、套管針組立体。 - 前記弾性材の各部が空隙を定め、前記器具封止の形成を促進していることを特徴とする、請求項14に記載の套管針組立体。
- 前記軸の各部が空隙を定め、軸の空隙へ流入する弾性材を受け入れるようにして、弾性材と軸との間の固定関係を促進することを図ったことを特徴とする、請求項14に記載の套管針組立体。
- 前記弾性材の各部が前記ローラに少なくとも1個の周方向の溝を定めていることを特徴とする、請求項14に記載の套管針組立体。
- 套管針組立体であって、
近位端および遠位端を有しているカニューレと、
内表面を有するとともに、カニューレの近位端と遠位端のうちの一方に配備された封止ハウジングと、
弾性の外表面と軸を有しているローラとを備えており、ローラは封止ハウジングの内表面に相対的に外表面を旋回させ、
封止ハウジングの内表面の各部が、軸を受け入れるような形状と配置にされた少なくとも1個の陥凹部を定めていることを特徴とする、套管針組立体。 - 前記軸は、少なくとも一方の端部が放射方向断面に或る程度の面積を有しており、前記陥凹部の寸法が軸端部の面積よりも概ね大きいことを特徴とする、請求項18に記載の套管針組立体。
- 前記陥凹部は幅と、幅より大きい長さとを有しており、長さは前記作業チャネルに対して概ね特別な関係で配置されて、作業チャネルに相対的に前記ローラを並進させることを容易するように図ったことを特徴とする、請求項19に記載の套管針組立体。
- 前記特別な関係が、概ね平行であることを特徴とする、請求項20に記載の套管針組立体。
- 前記特定の関係が、概ね直交することを特徴とする、請求項20に記載の套管針組立体。
- 前記特定の関係が、鋭角を成す関係であることを特徴とする、請求項20に記載の套管針組立体。
- 体壁を貫通して体腔に外科手術用器具を挿入することを目的とした接近経路を設ける封止組立体であって、
カニューレと、
カニューレと共に作業チャネルを定め、軸線が第1端と第2端の間に延びている弁ハウジングと、
弁ハウジング内に配置され、弁ハウジング内で第1位置と第2位置の間を移動することができる弁体とを備えており、
弁体は第1位置では器具に対して第1の圧縮特性を示し、第2位置では器具に対して第2の圧縮特性を示すことを特徴とする、封止組立体。 - 前記第1位置は前記弁ハウジングの近位端に近接した位置にあることを特徴とする、請求項24に記載の封止組立体。
- 前記弁ハウジングが1対の対向壁を備えており、
前記第1位置と前記第2位置の間に位置する両壁が前記第2位置に向かって発散していることを特徴とする、請求項24に記載の封止組立体。 - 前記第1の圧縮特性は前記第2の圧縮特性よりも大きいことを特徴とする、請求項26に記載の封止組立体。
- 前記ローラ弁と前記弁ハウジングの間に配置された低摩擦面を更に備えていることを特徴とする、請求項24に記載の封止組立体。
- 前記低摩擦面が前記弁ハウジングに相対的に運動可能なベルトの上に形成されていることを特徴とする、請求項28に記載の封止組立体。
- 前記ローラ弁と前記弁ハウジングのうちの少なくとも一方が透光性材料で形成されていることを特徴とする、請求項24に記載の封止組立体。
- 前記ローラ弁がゲル材で形成されていることを特徴とする、請求項30に記載の封止組立体。
- 細長い物体を受け入れるとともに、前記物体と協働して物体封止を形成する弁組立体であって、前記弁組立体は、
第1端に第1開口部を有し、第2端に第2開口部を有している弁ハウジングと、
弁ハウジング内に配置され、弁ハウジングとハウジング封止を形成する弁体とを備えており、
弁体は、物体が弁ハウジングの第1端の第1開口部を通して挿入されると、第1の物体封止を形成し、その代わりに、物体が弁ハウジングの第2端の第2開口部に挿入されると、第2の物体封止を形成する特性を有していることを特徴とする弁組立体。 - 前記弁ハウジングの軸線が前記第1開口部と前記第2開口部を通って延びており、
前記弁体が前記弁組立体の軸線に関して対称であることを特徴とする、請求項32に記載の弁組立体。 - 物体が中に無いときには、前記弁体は第1のゼロ封止を形成して前記第1開口部を通って流体が流動するのを抑止する特性を有しており、或いは、その代わりに、第2のゼロ封止を形成して前記第2開口部を通って流体が流動するのを抑止する特性を有していることを特徴とする、請求項32に記載の弁組立体。
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JPS4831553B1 (ja) * | 1968-05-13 | 1973-09-29 | ||
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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WO2003015848A9 (en) | 2004-06-17 |
US8157835B2 (en) | 2012-04-17 |
US9878140B2 (en) | 2018-01-30 |
WO2003015848A1 (en) | 2003-02-27 |
US20120179001A1 (en) | 2012-07-12 |
EP1416981B1 (en) | 2013-07-24 |
US8870904B2 (en) | 2014-10-28 |
CA2457687C (en) | 2013-01-15 |
US7727255B2 (en) | 2010-06-01 |
CA2457687A1 (en) | 2003-02-27 |
EP1416981A4 (en) | 2008-07-09 |
US20150018626A1 (en) | 2015-01-15 |
US20040167559A1 (en) | 2004-08-26 |
US20170340873A9 (en) | 2017-11-30 |
EP1416981A1 (en) | 2004-05-12 |
JP2004538101A (ja) | 2004-12-24 |
EP2422829B1 (en) | 2013-03-06 |
JP4324471B2 (ja) | 2009-09-02 |
EP2422829A1 (en) | 2012-02-29 |
US20100241082A1 (en) | 2010-09-23 |
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