FR2759132B1 - Dispositif de refroidissement de deux embrayages - Google Patents
Dispositif de refroidissement de deux embrayagesInfo
- Publication number
- FR2759132B1 FR2759132B1 FR9801050A FR9801050A FR2759132B1 FR 2759132 B1 FR2759132 B1 FR 2759132B1 FR 9801050 A FR9801050 A FR 9801050A FR 9801050 A FR9801050 A FR 9801050A FR 2759132 B1 FR2759132 B1 FR 2759132B1
- Authority
- FR
- France
- Prior art keywords
- clutches
- cooling
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D25/00—Fluid-actuated clutches
- F16D25/12—Details not specific to one of the before-mentioned types
- F16D25/123—Details not specific to one of the before-mentioned types in view of cooling and lubrication
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D13/00—Friction clutches
- F16D13/58—Details
- F16D13/72—Features relating to cooling
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D25/00—Fluid-actuated clutches
- F16D25/10—Clutch systems with a plurality of fluid-actuated clutches
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H57/00—General details of gearing
- F16H57/04—Features relating to lubrication or cooling or heating
- F16H57/0412—Cooling or heating; Control of temperature
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D25/00—Fluid-actuated clutches
- F16D25/06—Fluid-actuated clutches in which the fluid actuates a piston incorporated in, i.e. rotating with the clutch
- F16D25/062—Fluid-actuated clutches in which the fluid actuates a piston incorporated in, i.e. rotating with the clutch the clutch having friction surfaces
- F16D25/063—Fluid-actuated clutches in which the fluid actuates a piston incorporated in, i.e. rotating with the clutch the clutch having friction surfaces with clutch members exclusively moving axially
- F16D25/0635—Fluid-actuated clutches in which the fluid actuates a piston incorporated in, i.e. rotating with the clutch the clutch having friction surfaces with clutch members exclusively moving axially with flat friction surfaces, e.g. discs
- F16D25/0638—Fluid-actuated clutches in which the fluid actuates a piston incorporated in, i.e. rotating with the clutch the clutch having friction surfaces with clutch members exclusively moving axially with flat friction surfaces, e.g. discs with more than two discs, e.g. multiple lamellae
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D25/00—Fluid-actuated clutches
- F16D25/08—Fluid-actuated clutches with fluid-actuated member not rotating with a clutching member
- F16D25/082—Fluid-actuated clutches with fluid-actuated member not rotating with a clutching member the line of action of the fluid-actuated members co-inciding with the axis of rotation
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H57/00—General details of gearing
- F16H57/04—Features relating to lubrication or cooling or heating
- F16H57/042—Guidance of lubricant
- F16H57/0421—Guidance of lubricant on or within the casing, e.g. shields or baffles for collecting lubricant, tubes, pipes, grooves, channels or the like
- F16H57/0426—Means for guiding lubricant into an axial channel of a shaft
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H57/00—General details of gearing
- F16H57/04—Features relating to lubrication or cooling or heating
- F16H57/0434—Features relating to lubrication or cooling or heating relating to lubrication supply, e.g. pumps ; Pressure control
- F16H57/0436—Pumps
- F16H57/0438—Pumps of jet type, e.g. jet pumps with means to inject high pressure fluid to the suction area thereby supercharging the pump or means reducing cavitations
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H57/00—General details of gearing
- F16H57/04—Features relating to lubrication or cooling or heating
- F16H57/0467—Elements of gearings to be lubricated, cooled or heated
- F16H57/0473—Friction devices, e.g. clutches or brakes
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H57/00—General details of gearing
- F16H57/04—Features relating to lubrication or cooling or heating
- F16H57/048—Type of gearings to be lubricated, cooled or heated
- F16H57/0487—Friction gearings
- F16H57/0489—Friction gearings with endless flexible members, e.g. belt CVTs
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Hydraulic Clutches, Magnetic Clutches, Fluid Clutches, And Fluid Joints (AREA)
- General Details Of Gearings (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19703472 | 1997-01-31 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
FR2759132A1 FR2759132A1 (fr) | 1998-08-07 |
FR2759132B1 true FR2759132B1 (fr) | 2001-03-02 |
Family
ID=7818841
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
FR9801050A Expired - Fee Related FR2759132B1 (fr) | 1997-01-31 | 1998-01-30 | Dispositif de refroidissement de deux embrayages |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6059682A (fr) |
JP (1) | JP4190607B2 (fr) |
DE (1) | DE19800490C2 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR2759132B1 (fr) |
NL (1) | NL1008156C2 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (68)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE19908840A1 (de) | 1999-03-01 | 2000-09-07 | Zahnradfabrik Friedrichshafen | Stufenautomatgetriebe |
DE10020262B4 (de) * | 1999-04-28 | 2012-04-12 | Schaeffler Technologies Gmbh & Co. Kg | Lamellenkupplung |
JP2001050314A (ja) * | 1999-07-21 | 2001-02-23 | Luk Lamellen & Kupplungsbau Gmbh | クラッチ |
DE19942063A1 (de) * | 1999-09-03 | 2001-03-08 | Audi Ag | Ringförmige Dichtung |
DE10004190B4 (de) | 1999-09-30 | 2013-02-07 | Volkswagen Ag | Mehrfach-Kupplungseinrichtung |
DE10004186B4 (de) | 1999-09-30 | 2013-03-07 | Volkswagen Ag | Mehrfach-Kupplungseinrichtung |
DE10004286B4 (de) | 1999-09-30 | 2010-10-14 | Zf Sachs Ag | Kupplungseinrichtung mit einer hydrodynamischen Kupplung und zumindest zwei Reibungskupplungen |
DE10004195B4 (de) * | 1999-09-30 | 2013-02-07 | Volkswagen Ag | Mehrfach-Kupplungseinrichtung |
DE10004179C5 (de) * | 1999-09-30 | 2017-06-29 | Volkswagen Ag | Mehrfach-Kupplungseinrichtung |
DE10004189C5 (de) * | 1999-09-30 | 2015-05-21 | Volkswagen Ag | Mehrfach-Kupplungseinrichtung |
FR2799251B1 (fr) | 1999-09-30 | 2006-12-08 | Mannesmann Sachs Ag | Installation d'embrayage multiple de cas echeant en combinaison avec un dispositif amortisseur d'oscillations de torsion ou/et une machine electrique |
FR2799248B1 (fr) | 1999-09-30 | 2002-07-12 | Mannesmann Sachs Ag | Installation d'embrayage multiple avec differents rayons de friction |
DE10034730B4 (de) * | 1999-09-30 | 2010-10-14 | Zf Sachs Ag | Mehrfach-Kupplungseinrichtung, ggf. in Kombination mit einer Torsionsschwingungsdämpferanordnung oder/und einer Elektromaschine |
DE10020187A1 (de) | 2000-04-25 | 2001-10-31 | Getrag Getriebe Zahnrad | Hydraulische Schaltung für ein automatisiertes Doppelkupplungsgetriebe für Kraftfahrzeuge |
DE10044493B4 (de) * | 2000-09-08 | 2012-05-03 | Zf Sachs Ag | Mehrfach-Kupplungseinrichtung, insbesondere Doppel-Kupplungseinrichtung, für lastschaltbare Getriebe |
DE10049474A1 (de) * | 2000-10-06 | 2002-04-25 | Zf Sachs Ag | Kupplungseinrichtung |
JP4800472B2 (ja) * | 2000-11-06 | 2011-10-26 | Nskワーナー株式会社 | 発進クラッチ及び発進クラッチの制御方法 |
US7021422B2 (en) | 2000-11-17 | 2006-04-04 | Zf Sachs Ag | Clutch system |
US6827664B2 (en) * | 2001-11-15 | 2004-12-07 | General Motors Corporation | Transmission |
DE10222930A1 (de) * | 2002-05-24 | 2003-12-04 | Zahnradfabrik Friedrichshafen | Anfahrelement für ein Automatgetriebe |
DE10230183B4 (de) * | 2002-07-05 | 2013-06-06 | Zf Friedrichshafen Ag | Verfahren zur Kühlfluidzuführung für Lamellenkupplungen und -bremsen in Automatgetrieben und Einrichtung zur Kühlfluidzuführung |
DE10237417A1 (de) * | 2002-08-16 | 2004-02-19 | Daimlerchrysler Ag | Viskohydraulisch geregelte Ölsumpfpumpe |
DE50204691D1 (de) | 2002-09-12 | 2005-12-01 | Zf Sachs Ag | Lamellenkupplung |
EP1398520A3 (fr) | 2002-09-12 | 2004-04-28 | ZF Sachs AG | Embrayage multidisques |
DE10248172B4 (de) | 2002-10-16 | 2013-06-27 | Zf Friedrichshafen Ag | Kupplungsanordnung für ein Getriebe |
JP4048950B2 (ja) * | 2002-12-27 | 2008-02-20 | アイシン・エィ・ダブリュ株式会社 | 自動変速機用プラネタリギヤ |
EP1464860B2 (fr) † | 2003-04-01 | 2012-07-25 | ZF Friedrichshafen AG | Embrayage double avec concept de palier radial |
DE10333431A1 (de) * | 2003-07-23 | 2005-02-10 | Zf Friedrichshafen Ag | Kupplungsanordnung in einem Automatgetriebe mit bauraumsparender Kühlmittelversorgung |
CA2542748A1 (fr) * | 2003-10-20 | 2005-04-28 | Nautitech Pty Ltd | Embrayage a decouplage, destine en particulier a une utilisation dans des navires |
US6976568B2 (en) * | 2003-11-18 | 2005-12-20 | Zf Friedrichshafen Ag | Clutch arrangement in a transmission having two axially and radially adjacent clutches |
DE102004034737B4 (de) * | 2003-12-11 | 2014-03-06 | Zf Friedrichshafen Ag | Hydraulisch betätigbare Lamellenkupplung |
US7585244B2 (en) * | 2004-05-05 | 2009-09-08 | General Electric Company | Sun pinion cover |
EP1610016B2 (fr) † | 2004-06-21 | 2011-11-16 | Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG | Agencement de transmission du couple |
JP2006199144A (ja) * | 2005-01-20 | 2006-08-03 | Exedy Corp | 車両の駆動装置 |
DE102005007686A1 (de) * | 2005-02-19 | 2006-08-31 | Zf Friedrichshafen Ag | Kühlölzuführung für ein nasslaufendes Schalt-bzw. Anfahrelement |
DE102005007685A1 (de) * | 2005-02-19 | 2006-08-31 | Zf Friedrichshafen Ag | Kühlölzuführung für ein nasslaufendes Schalt-bzw. Anfahrelement |
DE102005042685A1 (de) * | 2005-08-10 | 2007-02-15 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Ag | Getriebe mit zwei Getriebeölpumpen |
KR100692153B1 (ko) * | 2005-11-11 | 2007-03-12 | 현대자동차주식회사 | 자동변속기용 유성기어 세트 |
US7585243B2 (en) * | 2005-11-17 | 2009-09-08 | Aisin Aw Co., Ltd. | Automatic transmission |
JP5448454B2 (ja) * | 2005-12-22 | 2014-03-19 | シェフラー テクノロジーズ アクチエンゲゼルシャフト ウント コンパニー コマンディートゲゼルシャフト | 組み合わせられたトルクコンバート兼トルク伝達系並びのそのための方法 |
EP1994296A1 (fr) * | 2006-03-07 | 2008-11-26 | LuK Lamellen und Kupplungsbau Beteiligungs KG | Ensemble embrayage doté d'un embrayage à lubrification constante |
DE112007000452A5 (de) * | 2006-04-04 | 2008-11-27 | Luk Lamellen Und Kupplungsbau Beteiligungs Kg | Radiale Stromungskammer für Kupplungen in einer Kupplungsbaugruppe |
DE102006034153B4 (de) * | 2006-07-24 | 2018-02-08 | Magna powertrain gmbh & co kg | Getriebe |
DE102006034154A1 (de) * | 2006-07-24 | 2008-01-31 | Magna Powertrain Ag & Co Kg | Lamellennasskupplung |
JP4934371B2 (ja) * | 2006-08-11 | 2012-05-16 | 愛知機械工業株式会社 | 潤滑装置 |
JP4414996B2 (ja) * | 2006-11-21 | 2010-02-17 | 株式会社エクセディ | 複式クラッチ装置 |
DE502007005182D1 (de) * | 2007-01-26 | 2010-11-11 | Hoerbiger & Co | Doppelkupplung eines Doppelkupplungs-Getriebes |
JP5117099B2 (ja) * | 2007-04-27 | 2013-01-09 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | 油圧クラッチ装置 |
JP2008309317A (ja) * | 2007-06-18 | 2008-12-25 | Aisin Aw Co Ltd | 発進装置 |
EP2286116B1 (fr) * | 2008-05-09 | 2013-10-02 | Volvo Lastvagnar AB | Procédé et dispositif destinés à assurer la lubrification d'une transmission manuelle automatisée dans un véhicule |
DE102009054475A1 (de) | 2009-12-10 | 2011-06-16 | Zf Friedrichshafen Ag | Nass laufendes, reibschlüssiges Schaltelement in einem Automatgetriebe |
JP2012132545A (ja) * | 2010-12-24 | 2012-07-12 | Yamaha Motor Co Ltd | 湿式摩擦クラッチおよびそれを備えた自動二輪車 |
DE102011005353A1 (de) * | 2011-03-10 | 2012-09-13 | Zf Friedrichshafen Ag | Getriebe für Kraftfahrzeuge |
DE102011005504B4 (de) * | 2011-03-14 | 2019-10-31 | Zf Friedrichshafen Ag | Lamellenschaltelement |
US9039385B2 (en) | 2011-11-28 | 2015-05-26 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Jet pump assembly |
DE102011120809A1 (de) * | 2011-12-10 | 2013-06-13 | Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft | Mehrfachkupplungssystem für ein Kraftfahrzeug mit einem Ölkühlsystem |
JP5773898B2 (ja) * | 2012-01-20 | 2015-09-02 | ジヤトコ株式会社 | 自動変速機 |
US9447863B2 (en) * | 2012-10-03 | 2016-09-20 | Honda Motor Co., Ltd. | Lubrication structure for driving force transmission device |
JP6588692B2 (ja) | 2013-08-27 | 2019-10-09 | ボーグワーナー インコーポレーテッド | メカニカルポンプなしのトランスファケース内の潤滑 |
JP5936278B2 (ja) * | 2013-12-24 | 2016-06-22 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | 変速機の潤滑構造 |
DE102015202711A1 (de) | 2014-02-21 | 2015-08-27 | Borgwarner Inc. | Verteilergetriebe - Verfahren zur Schmiersteuerung - Eco-Modus-Betrieb |
DE102014204641A1 (de) | 2014-03-13 | 2015-09-17 | Zf Friedrichshafen Ag | Hydrauliksystem für eine Getriebevorrichtung |
DE102014105160A1 (de) * | 2014-04-11 | 2015-10-15 | Getrag Getriebe- Und Zahnradfabrik Hermann Hagenmeyer Gmbh & Cie Kg | Kupplungsanordnung und Verfahren zu deren Betätigung |
DE102014105168A1 (de) * | 2014-04-11 | 2015-10-15 | Getrag Getriebe- Und Zahnradfabrik Hermann Hagenmeyer Gmbh & Cie Kg | Kupplungsanordnung, Antriebsstrang und Kupplungsbetätigungsverfahren |
DE102018206146B4 (de) * | 2018-04-20 | 2023-05-25 | Zf Friedrichshafen Ag | Lamellenkupplung, Hybrideinheit sowie Kraftfahrzeug |
US10913448B2 (en) * | 2018-10-19 | 2021-02-09 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Methods and systems for operating a vehicle driveline |
CN110630651B (zh) * | 2019-09-06 | 2021-03-30 | 深圳臻宇新能源动力科技有限公司 | 轴、具有其的双离合自动变速器结构和车辆 |
BE1027954B1 (nl) | 2019-12-31 | 2021-08-04 | Punch Powertrain Psa E Trans Nv | Dubbelekoppelingtransmissiesysteem, voertuig en werkwijze voor koelen |
Family Cites Families (15)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3301367A (en) * | 1965-02-11 | 1967-01-31 | Twin Disc Clutch Co | Double hydraulic operated clutch having low pressure fluid plate cooling means |
DE2215922C3 (de) * | 1972-04-01 | 1980-10-02 | Zahnradfabrik Friedrichshafen Ag, 7990 Friedrichshafen | Hydraulisch betätigbare Wechselreibungskupplung |
US3823801A (en) * | 1973-09-07 | 1974-07-16 | Twin Disc Inc | Clutches with a fluid and cam operated pressure modulating valve |
US4010833A (en) * | 1975-02-19 | 1977-03-08 | Zahnradfabrik Friedrichshafen Ag | Clutch assembly for planetary-gear trains |
US4134483A (en) * | 1975-07-28 | 1979-01-16 | International Harvester Company | Lubricant cooled friction clutch with two rates of flow |
US4205739A (en) * | 1976-09-08 | 1980-06-03 | Caterpillar Tractor Co. | Metering device for steering brake lube systems |
DE3135995A1 (de) * | 1981-09-11 | 1983-03-31 | LuK Lamellen und Kupplungsbau GmbH, 7580 Bühl | Nasslaufkupplung |
AT386870B (de) * | 1984-05-18 | 1988-10-25 | Steyr Daimler Puch Ag | Druckmittelbetaetigbare schaltkupplung mit kuehlmittelversorgten reibkoerpern, insbesondere lamellen |
JPH0646068B2 (ja) * | 1985-05-17 | 1994-06-15 | アイシン精機株式会社 | 摩擦係合要素潤滑回路 |
FR2583479B1 (fr) * | 1985-06-14 | 1990-01-12 | Valeo | Embrayage a circulation d'huile, notamment pour vehicule automobile |
DE3611003C1 (de) * | 1986-04-02 | 1987-10-08 | Daimler Benz Ag | Druckmittel-Stellglied zur Betaetigung einer Lamellen-Kupplung mit einem Schmierventil |
US4860861A (en) * | 1987-09-17 | 1989-08-29 | Eaton Corporation | Torque converter lock-up and disconnect clutch structure |
US4905812A (en) * | 1989-01-26 | 1990-03-06 | J. I. Case Company | Apparatus for cooling a clutch assembly with a hydraulic fluid |
IT1251671B (it) * | 1990-10-20 | 1995-05-19 | Luk Lamellen Und Kapplungsbau | Unita' di comando per una trasmissione, in particolare per autoveicoli |
DE19546294A1 (de) * | 1994-12-15 | 1996-06-20 | Luk Getriebe Systeme Gmbh | Antriebseinheit mit Kegelscheibenumschlingungsgetriebe |
-
1998
- 1998-01-09 DE DE19800490A patent/DE19800490C2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-01-21 US US09/010,368 patent/US6059682A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1998-01-28 JP JP01557198A patent/JP4190607B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-01-29 NL NL1008156A patent/NL1008156C2/nl not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1998-01-30 FR FR9801050A patent/FR2759132B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JPH10220498A (ja) | 1998-08-21 |
US6059682A (en) | 2000-05-09 |
FR2759132A1 (fr) | 1998-08-07 |
DE19800490C2 (de) | 2000-02-24 |
NL1008156A1 (nl) | 1998-08-03 |
JP4190607B2 (ja) | 2008-12-03 |
NL1008156C2 (nl) | 1999-01-19 |
DE19800490A1 (de) | 1998-08-20 |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
ST | Notification of lapse |
Effective date: 20120928 |