FR2504156A1 - Solution de produit de passivation ayant l'aspect du chrome et son procede d'utilisation - Google Patents
Solution de produit de passivation ayant l'aspect du chrome et son procede d'utilisation Download PDFInfo
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- FR2504156A1 FR2504156A1 FR8206506A FR8206506A FR2504156A1 FR 2504156 A1 FR2504156 A1 FR 2504156A1 FR 8206506 A FR8206506 A FR 8206506A FR 8206506 A FR8206506 A FR 8206506A FR 2504156 A1 FR2504156 A1 FR 2504156A1
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 73
- 238000002161 passivation Methods 0.000 title claims description 170
- -1 CHROME IONS Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 196
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 113
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 109
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 103
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 87
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 75
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 75
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 75
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 67
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 65
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 65
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 59
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium Chemical compound [Ce] GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 229910052747 lanthanoid Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 150000002602 lanthanoids Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N lanthanum atom Chemical compound [La] FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000011260 aqueous acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000000080 wetting agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
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- 229910001429 cobalt ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- XLJKHNWPARRRJB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt(2+) Chemical compound [Co+2] XLJKHNWPARRRJB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- DBVJJBKOTRCVKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Etidronic acid Chemical compound OP(=O)(O)C(O)(C)P(O)(O)=O DBVJJBKOTRCVKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical class [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 241
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 claims description 205
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 111
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- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 84
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- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 58
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 57
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 57
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- BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium atom Chemical compound [Cd] BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
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- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
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- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N succinic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCC(O)=O KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910000925 Cd alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 11
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- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 9
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- 229910021653 sulphate ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Malonic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000001384 succinic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000001453 quaternary ammonium group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000012487 rinsing solution Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000012208 gluconic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052909 inorganic silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000002947 alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- RGHNJXZEOKUKBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N D-gluconic acid Natural products OCC(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)=O RGHNJXZEOKUKBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- RGHNJXZEOKUKBD-SQOUGZDYSA-N Gluconic acid Natural products OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)=O RGHNJXZEOKUKBD-SQOUGZDYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000002877 alkyl aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000174 gluconic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 claims description 3
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N maleic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C/C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011976 maleic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000002906 tartaric acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-butenedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 241001676573 Minium Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000003342 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 claims 4
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 claims 3
- 229910052910 alkali metal silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 2
- 125000000896 monocarboxylic acid group Chemical group 0.000 claims 2
- FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tartaric acid Natural products [H+].[H+].[O-]C(=O)C(O)C(O)C([O-])=O FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003929 acidic solution Substances 0.000 claims 1
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- 239000001099 ammonium carbonate Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 235000012501 ammonium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 150000002691 malonic acids Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011975 tartaric acid Substances 0.000 claims 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 141
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 97
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 60
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 55
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 39
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 37
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- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 36
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 33
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 33
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 32
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- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 23
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 19
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 17
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- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 15
- 150000004760 silicates Chemical class 0.000 description 14
- BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium sulfate Chemical compound N.N.OS(O)(=O)=O BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 229910052921 ammonium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 13
- 239000001166 ammonium sulphate Substances 0.000 description 13
- 235000011130 ammonium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 13
- 150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 13
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 13
- JOPOVCBBYLSVDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium(6+) Chemical compound [Cr+6] JOPOVCBBYLSVDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
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- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 9
- HMUNWXXNJPVALC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-[4-[2-(2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-2-ylamino)pyrimidin-5-yl]piperazin-1-yl]-2-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)ethanone Chemical compound C1C(CC2=CC=CC=C12)NC1=NC=C(C=N1)N1CCN(CC1)C(CN1CC2=C(CC1)NN=N2)=O HMUNWXXNJPVALC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
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- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 8
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe2+ Chemical group [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 7
- VZDYWEUILIUIDF-UHFFFAOYSA-J cerium(4+);disulfate Chemical compound [Ce+4].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O VZDYWEUILIUIDF-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 7
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 7
- YJLUBHOZZTYQIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[5-[2-(2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-2-ylamino)pyrimidin-5-yl]-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl]-1-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)ethanone Chemical compound C1C(CC2=CC=CC=C12)NC1=NC=C(C=N1)C1=NN=C(O1)CC(=O)N1CC2=C(CC1)NN=N2 YJLUBHOZZTYQIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
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- 150000003863 ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 4
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- OZECDDHOAMNMQI-UHFFFAOYSA-H cerium(3+);trisulfate Chemical compound [Ce+3].[Ce+3].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OZECDDHOAMNMQI-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 4
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- KZEVSDGEBAJOTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)-2-[5-[2-[[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]methylamino]pyrimidin-5-yl]-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl]ethanone Chemical compound N1N=NC=2CN(CCC=21)C(CC=1OC(=NN=1)C=1C=NC(=NC=1)NCC1=CC(=CC=C1)OC(F)(F)F)=O KZEVSDGEBAJOTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VZSRBBMJRBPUNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-2-ylamino)-N-[3-oxo-3-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)propyl]pyrimidine-5-carboxamide Chemical compound C1C(CC2=CC=CC=C12)NC1=NC=C(C=N1)C(=O)NCCC(N1CC2=C(CC1)NN=N2)=O VZSRBBMJRBPUNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LDXJRKWFNNFDSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)-1-[4-[2-[[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]methylamino]pyrimidin-5-yl]piperazin-1-yl]ethanone Chemical compound C1CN(CC2=NNN=C21)CC(=O)N3CCN(CC3)C4=CN=C(N=C4)NCC5=CC(=CC=C5)OC(F)(F)F LDXJRKWFNNFDSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MIMUSZHMZBJBPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-methoxy-8-nitroquinoline Chemical compound N1=CC=CC2=CC(OC)=CC([N+]([O-])=O)=C21 MIMUSZHMZBJBPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Naphthalene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 2
- HSJPMRKMPBAUAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium(3+);trinitrate Chemical compound [Ce+3].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O HSJPMRKMPBAUAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000012512 characterization method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- PHFQLYPOURZARY-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium trinitrate Chemical compound [Cr+3].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O PHFQLYPOURZARY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GRWVQDDAKZFPFI-UHFFFAOYSA-H chromium(III) sulfate Chemical compound [Cr+3].[Cr+3].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O GRWVQDDAKZFPFI-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 2
- 239000000084 colloidal system Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004512 die casting Methods 0.000 description 2
- XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethylselenoniopropionate Natural products CCC(O)=O XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- IMBKASBLAKCLEM-UHFFFAOYSA-L ferrous ammonium sulfate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].[Fe+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O IMBKASBLAKCLEM-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- RUTXIHLAWFEWGM-UHFFFAOYSA-H iron(3+) sulfate Chemical group [Fe+3].[Fe+3].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O RUTXIHLAWFEWGM-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 2
- VCJMYUPGQJHHFU-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(3+);trinitrate Chemical compound [Fe+3].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O VCJMYUPGQJHHFU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MRELNEQAGSRDBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N lanthanum(3+);oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[La+3].[La+3] MRELNEQAGSRDBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ICAKDTKJOYSXGC-UHFFFAOYSA-K lanthanum(iii) chloride Chemical class Cl[La](Cl)Cl ICAKDTKJOYSXGC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000004972 metal peroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000001455 metallic ions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanoic acid Natural products OC=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PLDDOISOJJCEMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N neodymium(3+);oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Nd+3].[Nd+3] PLDDOISOJJCEMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LGQLOGILCSXPEA-UHFFFAOYSA-L nickel sulfate Chemical compound [Ni+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O LGQLOGILCSXPEA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 235000019353 potassium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000750 progressive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 230000000284 resting effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000010288 sodium nitrite Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- APSPVJKFJYTCTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetramethylazanium;silicate Chemical compound C[N+](C)(C)C.C[N+](C)(C)C.C[N+](C)(C)C.C[N+](C)(C)C.[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] APSPVJKFJYTCTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OHVLMTFVQDZYHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)-2-[4-[2-[[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]methylamino]pyrimidin-5-yl]piperazin-1-yl]ethanone Chemical compound N1N=NC=2CN(CCC=21)C(CN1CCN(CC1)C=1C=NC(=NC=1)NCC1=CC(=CC=C1)OC(F)(F)F)=O OHVLMTFVQDZYHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AEQDJSLRWYMAQI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3,9,10-tetramethoxy-6,8,13,13a-tetrahydro-5H-isoquinolino[2,1-b]isoquinoline Chemical compound C1CN2CC(C(=C(OC)C=C3)OC)=C3CC2C2=C1C=C(OC)C(OC)=C2 AEQDJSLRWYMAQI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WZFUQSJFWNHZHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[4-[2-(2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-2-ylamino)pyrimidin-5-yl]piperazin-1-yl]-1-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)ethanone Chemical compound C1C(CC2=CC=CC=C12)NC1=NC=C(C=N1)N1CCN(CC1)CC(=O)N1CC2=C(CC1)NN=N2 WZFUQSJFWNHZHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JQMFQLVAJGZSQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[4-[2-(2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-2-ylamino)pyrimidin-5-yl]piperazin-1-yl]-N-(2-oxo-3H-1,3-benzoxazol-6-yl)acetamide Chemical compound C1C(CC2=CC=CC=C12)NC1=NC=C(C=N1)N1CCN(CC1)CC(=O)NC1=CC2=C(NC(O2)=O)C=C1 JQMFQLVAJGZSQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JHWIEAWILPSRMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methyl-3-pyrimidin-4-ylpropanoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(C)CC1=CC=NC=N1 JHWIEAWILPSRMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YLZOPXRUQYQQID-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)-1-[4-[2-[[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]methylamino]pyrimidin-5-yl]piperazin-1-yl]propan-1-one Chemical compound N1N=NC=2CN(CCC=21)CCC(=O)N1CCN(CC1)C=1C=NC(=NC=1)NCC1=CC(=CC=C1)OC(F)(F)F YLZOPXRUQYQQID-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(3-methoxyphenyl)aniline Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC(C=2C=CC(N)=CC=2)=C1 OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WTFUTSCZYYCBAY-SXBRIOAWSA-N 6-[(E)-C-[[4-[2-(2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-2-ylamino)pyrimidin-5-yl]piperazin-1-yl]methyl]-N-hydroxycarbonimidoyl]-3H-1,3-benzoxazol-2-one Chemical compound C1C(CC2=CC=CC=C12)NC1=NC=C(C=N1)N1CCN(CC1)C/C(=N/O)/C1=CC2=C(NC(O2)=O)C=C1 WTFUTSCZYYCBAY-SXBRIOAWSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000238876 Acari Species 0.000 description 1
- CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bromide Chemical compound [Br-] CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bromine atom Chemical compound [Br] WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MKMAKWSPBZNEQE-UHFFFAOYSA-N C(CC(=O)O)(=O)O.[N+](=O)(O)[O-] Chemical compound C(CC(=O)O)(=O)O.[N+](=O)(O)[O-] MKMAKWSPBZNEQE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical group [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000000703 Cerium Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910021555 Chromium Chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XZMCDFZZKTWFGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyanamide Chemical compound NC#N XZMCDFZZKTWFGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VTLYFUHAOXGGBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe3+ Chemical compound [Fe+3] VTLYFUHAOXGGBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000282326 Felis catus Species 0.000 description 1
- 108010010803 Gelatin Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 229910021578 Iron(III) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NEAPKZHDYMQZCB-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-[2-[4-[2-(2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-2-ylamino)pyrimidin-5-yl]piperazin-1-yl]ethyl]-2-oxo-3H-1,3-benzoxazole-6-carboxamide Chemical compound C1CN(CCN1CCNC(=O)C2=CC3=C(C=C2)NC(=O)O3)C4=CN=C(N=C4)NC5CC6=CC=CC=C6C5 NEAPKZHDYMQZCB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052779 Neodymium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VEQPNABPJHWNSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel(2+) Chemical compound [Ni+2] VEQPNABPJHWNSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ABLZXFCXXLZCGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorous acid Chemical compound OP(O)=O ABLZXFCXXLZCGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004111 Potassium silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052777 Praseodymium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ULUAUXLGCMPNKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfobutanedioic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(C(O)=O)S(O)(=O)=O ULUAUXLGCMPNKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940100389 Sulfonylurea Drugs 0.000 description 1
- PTFCDOFLOPIGGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc dication Chemical compound [Zn+2] PTFCDOFLOPIGGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XLVYRWBZQRKWSI-UHFFFAOYSA-M [Cl-].[Na+].S(=O)(=O)([O-])O.[NH4+] Chemical compound [Cl-].[Na+].S(=O)(=O)([O-])O.[NH4+] XLVYRWBZQRKWSI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- DMRGQPFLOCWLGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Si]([O-])([O-])([O-])O[Si]([O-])([O-])[O-].C(C1=CC=CC=C1)[N+](C)(C)C.C(C1=CC=CC=C1)[N+](C)(C)C.C(C1=CC=CC=C1)[N+](C)(C)C.C(C1=CC=CC=C1)[N+](C)(C)C.C(C1=CC=CC=C1)[N+](C)(C)C.C(C1=CC=CC=C1)[N+](C)(C)C Chemical compound [Si]([O-])([O-])([O-])O[Si]([O-])([O-])[O-].C(C1=CC=CC=C1)[N+](C)(C)C.C(C1=CC=CC=C1)[N+](C)(C)C.C(C1=CC=CC=C1)[N+](C)(C)C.C(C1=CC=CC=C1)[N+](C)(C)C.C(C1=CC=CC=C1)[N+](C)(C)C.C(C1=CC=CC=C1)[N+](C)(C)C DMRGQPFLOCWLGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KDHSTRYNPNDFBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Si]([O-])([O-])([O-])[O-].[Si]([O-])([O-])([O-])[O-].[Si]([O-])([O-])([O-])[O-].C1(=CC=CC=C1)[N+](C)(C)C.C1(=CC=CC=C1)[N+](C)(C)C.C1(=CC=CC=C1)[N+](C)(C)C.C1(=CC=CC=C1)[N+](C)(C)C.C1(=CC=CC=C1)[N+](C)(C)C.C1(=CC=CC=C1)[N+](C)(C)C.C1(=CC=CC=C1)[N+](C)(C)C.C1(=CC=CC=C1)[N+](C)(C)C.C1(=CC=CC=C1)[N+](C)(C)C.C1(=CC=CC=C1)[N+](C)(C)C.C1(=CC=CC=C1)[N+](C)(C)C.C1(=CC=CC=C1)[N+](C)(C)C Chemical compound [Si]([O-])([O-])([O-])[O-].[Si]([O-])([O-])([O-])[O-].[Si]([O-])([O-])([O-])[O-].C1(=CC=CC=C1)[N+](C)(C)C.C1(=CC=CC=C1)[N+](C)(C)C.C1(=CC=CC=C1)[N+](C)(C)C.C1(=CC=CC=C1)[N+](C)(C)C.C1(=CC=CC=C1)[N+](C)(C)C.C1(=CC=CC=C1)[N+](C)(C)C.C1(=CC=CC=C1)[N+](C)(C)C.C1(=CC=CC=C1)[N+](C)(C)C.C1(=CC=CC=C1)[N+](C)(C)C.C1(=CC=CC=C1)[N+](C)(C)C.C1(=CC=CC=C1)[N+](C)(C)C.C1(=CC=CC=C1)[N+](C)(C)C KDHSTRYNPNDFBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000011054 acetic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000010306 acid treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012190 activator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000443 aerosol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007605 air drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229940037003 alum Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000019270 ammonium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- CAMXVZOXBADHNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium nitrite Chemical compound [NH4+].[O-]N=O CAMXVZOXBADHNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003139 biocide Substances 0.000 description 1
- GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromine Substances BrBr GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NHMJUOSYSOOPDM-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium cyanide Chemical compound [Cd+2].N#[C-].N#[C-] NHMJUOSYSOOPDM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000420 cerium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001844 chromium Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910021563 chromium fluoride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QSWDMMVNRMROPK-UHFFFAOYSA-K chromium(3+) trichloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Cl-].[Cr+3] QSWDMMVNRMROPK-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- XZQOHYZUWTWZBL-UHFFFAOYSA-L chromium(ii) bromide Chemical compound [Cr+2].[Br-].[Br-] XZQOHYZUWTWZBL-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000005352 clarification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004040 coloring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940119321 dantrium Drugs 0.000 description 1
- LTWQNYPDAUSXBC-CDJGKPBYSA-L dantrolene sodium hemiheptahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.O.O.[Na+].[Na+].C1=CC([N+](=O)[O-])=CC=C1C(O1)=CC=C1\C=N\N1C(=O)[N-]C(=O)C1.C1=CC([N+](=O)[O-])=CC=C1C(O1)=CC=C1\C=N\N1C(=O)[N-]C(=O)C1 LTWQNYPDAUSXBC-CDJGKPBYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 230000002939 deleterious effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- VNPSSHNOKHUZQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N diazanium butanedioic acid sulfate Chemical compound C(CCC(=O)O)(=O)O.S(=O)(=O)([O-])[O-].[NH4+].[NH4+] VNPSSHNOKHUZQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001993 dienes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 1
- OKBPCTLSPGDQBO-UHFFFAOYSA-L disodium;dichloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Cl-].[Cl-] OKBPCTLSPGDQBO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004070 electrodeposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003623 enhancer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001447 ferric ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001448 ferrous ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019253 formic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920000159 gelatin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000008273 gelatin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019322 gelatine Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000011852 gelatine desserts Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000011167 hydrochloric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- DLINORNFHVEIFE-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen peroxide;zinc Chemical compound [Zn].OO DLINORNFHVEIFE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002505 iron Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K iron trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Fe](Cl)Cl RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 229910000462 iron(III) oxide hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000360 iron(III) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002604 lanthanum compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- VLAPMBHFAWRUQP-UHFFFAOYSA-L molybdic acid Chemical compound O[Mo](O)(=O)=O VLAPMBHFAWRUQP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- PSZYNBSKGUBXEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N naphthalene-1-sulfonic acid Chemical class C1=CC=C2C(S(=O)(=O)O)=CC=CC2=C1 PSZYNBSKGUBXEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001453 nickel ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000005985 organic acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000000962 organic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000011368 organic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- BMMGVYCKOGBVEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoceriooxy)cerium Chemical compound [Ce]=O.O=[Ce]=O BMMGVYCKOGBVEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MMKQUGHLEMYQSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);praseodymium(3+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Pr+3].[Pr+3] MMKQUGHLEMYQSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- UEZVMMHDMIWARA-UHFFFAOYSA-M phosphonate Chemical compound [O-]P(=O)=O UEZVMMHDMIWARA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAEFZNCEHLXOMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium benzoate Chemical compound [K+].[O-]C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 XAEFZNCEHLXOMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- NNHHDJVEYQHLHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium silicate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NNHHDJVEYQHLHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052913 potassium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910003447 praseodymium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019260 propionic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- IUVKMZGDUIUOCP-BTNSXGMBSA-N quinbolone Chemical compound O([C@H]1CC[C@H]2[C@H]3[C@@H]([C@]4(C=CC(=O)C=C4CC3)C)CC[C@@]21C)C1=CCCC1 IUVKMZGDUIUOCP-BTNSXGMBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001404 rare earth metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012429 reaction media Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000176 sodium gluconate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012207 sodium gluconate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940005574 sodium gluconate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000011684 sodium molybdate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000015393 sodium molybdate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- TVXXNOYZHKPKGW-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium molybdate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Mo]([O-])(=O)=O TVXXNOYZHKPKGW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 159000000000 sodium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000019351 sodium silicates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940074404 sodium succinate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- ZDQYSKICYIVCPN-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium succinate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C(=O)CCC([O-])=O ZDQYSKICYIVCPN-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003890 succinate salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L succinate(2-) Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)CCC([O-])=O KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- YROXIXLRRCOBKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfonylurea Chemical class OC(=N)N=S(=O)=O YROXIXLRRCOBKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001988 toxicity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- FTBATIJJKIIOTP-UHFFFAOYSA-K trifluorochromium Chemical compound F[Cr](F)F FTBATIJJKIIOTP-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 238000012795 verification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011179 visual inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003751 zinc Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229940105296 zinc peroxide Drugs 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C22/00—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C22/05—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions
- C23C22/06—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C22/00—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C22/05—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions
- C23C22/06—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6
- C23C22/48—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6 not containing phosphates, hexavalent chromium compounds, fluorides or complex fluorides, molybdates, tungstates, vanadates or oxalates
- C23C22/53—Treatment of zinc or alloys based thereon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C22/00—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C22/05—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions
- C23C22/06—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6
- C23C22/34—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6 containing fluorides or complex fluorides
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C22/00—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C22/05—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions
- C23C22/06—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6
- C23C22/40—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6 containing molybdates, tungstates or vanadates
- C23C22/44—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6 containing molybdates, tungstates or vanadates containing also fluorides or complex fluorides
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C22/00—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C22/05—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions
- C23C22/06—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6
- C23C22/48—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6 not containing phosphates, hexavalent chromium compounds, fluorides or complex fluorides, molybdates, tungstates, vanadates or oxalates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C22/00—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C22/05—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions
- C23C22/06—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6
- C23C22/48—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6 not containing phosphates, hexavalent chromium compounds, fluorides or complex fluorides, molybdates, tungstates, vanadates or oxalates
- C23C22/56—Treatment of aluminium or alloys based thereon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C22/00—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C22/05—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions
- C23C22/06—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6
- C23C22/48—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6 not containing phosphates, hexavalent chromium compounds, fluorides or complex fluorides, molybdates, tungstates, vanadates or oxalates
- C23C22/57—Treatment of magnesium or alloys based thereon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C2222/00—Aspects relating to chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive medium
- C23C2222/10—Use of solutions containing trivalent chromium but free of hexavalent chromium
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Treatment Of Metals (AREA)
- Cleaning And De-Greasing Of Metallic Materials By Chemical Methods (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (7)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US06/254,700 US4359346A (en) | 1981-04-16 | 1981-04-16 | Trivalent chromium passivate solution and process for yellow passivate film |
| US06/254,699 US4359345A (en) | 1981-04-16 | 1981-04-16 | Trivalent chromium passivate solution and process |
| US06/254,728 US4359347A (en) | 1981-04-16 | 1981-04-16 | Chromium-free passivate solution and process |
| US06/265,487 US4349392A (en) | 1981-05-20 | 1981-05-20 | Trivalent chromium passivate solution and process |
| US06/274,007 US4384902A (en) | 1981-06-15 | 1981-06-15 | Trivalent chromium passivate composition and process |
| US06/273,526 US4367099A (en) | 1981-06-15 | 1981-06-15 | Trivalent chromium passivate process |
| US06/274,601 US4359348A (en) | 1981-06-17 | 1981-06-17 | Stabilized trivalent chromium passivate composition and process |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| FR2504156A1 true FR2504156A1 (fr) | 1982-10-22 |
Family
ID=27569481
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR8206506A Withdrawn FR2504156A1 (fr) | 1981-04-16 | 1982-04-15 | Solution de produit de passivation ayant l'aspect du chrome et son procede d'utilisation |
Country Status (11)
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| FR3073529A1 (fr) * | 2017-11-14 | 2019-05-17 | Mecaprotec Industries | Procede de traitement de surface d’une piece revetue d’un revetement de cadmium et composition pour la mise en œuvre d’un tel procede |
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| CA1292155C (en) * | 1987-03-03 | 1991-11-19 | Lance Wilson | Method of forming a corrosion resistant coating |
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| JPH0364485A (ja) * | 1989-08-01 | 1991-03-19 | Nippon Paint Co Ltd | アルミニウム又はその合金の表面処理剤及び処理浴 |
| US5192374A (en) * | 1991-09-27 | 1993-03-09 | Hughes Aircraft Company | Chromium-free method and composition to protect aluminum |
| US5130052A (en) * | 1991-10-24 | 1992-07-14 | W. R. Grace & Co.-Conn. | Corrosion inhibition with water-soluble rare earth chelates |
| US5393447A (en) * | 1993-07-09 | 1995-02-28 | Henkel Corporation | Composition and process for desmutting and deoxidizing without smutting |
| EP0719350B1 (en) | 1993-09-13 | 2002-01-09 | Commonwealth Scientific And Industrial Research Organisation | Metal treatment with acidic, rare earth ion containing cleaning solution |
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| JP3523383B2 (ja) * | 1995-08-21 | 2004-04-26 | ディップソール株式会社 | 液体防錆皮膜組成物及び防錆皮膜形成方法 |
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| DE19615664A1 (de) | 1996-04-19 | 1997-10-23 | Surtec Produkte Und Systeme Fu | Chrom(VI)freie Chromatschicht sowie Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung |
| WO2001012877A1 (de) * | 1998-08-18 | 2001-02-22 | Walter Hillebrand Gmbh & Co. Galvanotechnik | Passivierungsverfahren für zink-nickel-schichten |
| DE19905134A1 (de) * | 1999-02-09 | 2000-09-28 | Hillebrand Walter Gmbh & Co Kg | Passivierungsverfahren |
| DE19913242C2 (de) * | 1999-03-24 | 2001-09-27 | Electro Chem Eng Gmbh | Chemisch passivierter Gegenstand aus Magnesium oder seinen Legierungen, Verfahren zur Herstellung und seine Verwendung |
| AUPQ633200A0 (en) * | 2000-03-20 | 2000-04-15 | Commonwealth Scientific And Industrial Research Organisation | Process and solution for providing a conversion coating on a metallic surface I |
| AUPQ633300A0 (en) | 2000-03-20 | 2000-04-15 | Commonwealth Scientific And Industrial Research Organisation | Process and solution for providing a conversion coating on a metallic surface ii |
| FR2812307B1 (fr) * | 2000-07-25 | 2003-02-14 | Chemetall S A | Couche noire anticorrosive sur un alliage de zinc et son procede de preparation |
| DE10055215A1 (de) * | 2000-11-07 | 2002-05-08 | Walter Hillebrand Galvanotechn | Passivierungsverfahren |
| JP3332373B1 (ja) † | 2001-11-30 | 2002-10-07 | ディップソール株式会社 | 亜鉛及び亜鉛合金めっき上に六価クロムフリー防錆皮膜を形成するための処理溶液、六価クロムフリー防錆皮膜及びその形成方法。 |
| GB0207527D0 (en) * | 2002-04-02 | 2002-05-08 | Baldwin Kevin R | Conversion coating solution |
| JP4446230B2 (ja) * | 2003-12-09 | 2010-04-07 | ディップソール株式会社 | アルミニウム又はアルミニウム合金用３価クロメート液及びそれを用いたアルミニウム又はアルミニウム合金表面に耐食性皮膜を形成する方法 |
| JP4628726B2 (ja) * | 2004-03-02 | 2011-02-09 | 日本表面化学株式会社 | アルミニウム部材及びその製造方法と製造用薬剤 |
| WO2006128154A1 (en) * | 2005-05-26 | 2006-11-30 | Pavco, Inc. | Trivalent chromium conversion coating and method of application thereof |
| JP5198727B2 (ja) * | 2005-10-07 | 2013-05-15 | ディップソール株式会社 | 亜鉛又は亜鉛合金上に黒色の６価クロムフリー化成皮膜を形成するための処理溶液 |
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| RU2417276C2 (ru) * | 2006-09-07 | 2011-04-27 | Ниппон Стил Корпорейшн | Водный раствор для обработки стального листа с покрытием на основе олова, характеризующегося прекрасными стойкостью к коррозии и адгезией краски, и способ производства обработанного по поверхности стального листа |
| EP1970470B1 (de) | 2007-03-05 | 2011-05-11 | ATOTECH Deutschland GmbH | Chrom(VI)-freie Schwarzpassivierung für Zink-haltige Oberflächen |
| WO2010087442A1 (ja) * | 2009-01-30 | 2010-08-05 | ユケン工業株式会社 | 化成処理のための組成物およびその組成物による化成皮膜を備える部材 |
| EP2617866A1 (de) * | 2012-01-23 | 2013-07-24 | Merz Pharma GmbH & Co. KGaA | Verfahren und Zusammensetzung zur Aufbereitung medizinischer Instrumente |
| DE102013021502A1 (de) * | 2013-12-19 | 2015-06-25 | Schlenk Metallfolien Gmbh & Co. Kg | Elektrisch leitende Flüssigkeiten auf der Basis von Metall-Diphosphonat-Komplexen |
| EP2907894B2 (de) * | 2014-02-13 | 2025-03-19 | Ewald Dörken Ag | Verfahren zum Herstellen eines mit einer Chrom-VI-freien und kobaltfreien Passivierung versehenen Substrats |
| GB201407690D0 (en) * | 2014-05-01 | 2014-06-18 | Henkel Ag & Co Kgaa | Non chromate coloured conversion coating for aluminum |
| EP3569734A1 (en) | 2018-05-18 | 2019-11-20 | Henkel AG & Co. KGaA | Passivation composition based on trivalent chromium |
| CN110042381B (zh) * | 2019-02-25 | 2021-12-07 | 瑞上兴通信信号器材(连云港)有限公司 | 一种铝合金表面膜的制备方法 |
| TW202043340A (zh) | 2019-03-22 | 2020-12-01 | 德商漢高股份有限及兩合公司 | 用於電子組件防水之塗層 |
| CN114504759B (zh) * | 2022-01-17 | 2022-11-18 | 华南理工大学 | 一种可常温固化的长效尾矿钝化剂及其制备方法与应用 |
| CN115821275B (zh) * | 2022-07-15 | 2025-01-28 | 宁波吉海金属科技有限公司 | 一种航空铝管常温酸洗光亮液 |
| CN116463636A (zh) * | 2023-05-04 | 2023-07-21 | 深圳市水务工程检测有限公司 | 一种添加EDTA-2Na的不锈钢制品的酸洗钝化方法 |
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| US4171231A (en) * | 1978-04-27 | 1979-10-16 | R. O. Hull & Company, Inc. | Coating solutions of trivalent chromium for coating zinc surfaces |
| US4126490A (en) * | 1978-05-01 | 1978-11-21 | Caterpillar Mitsubishi Ltd. | Composition for forming chromate coating |
| US4298404A (en) * | 1979-09-06 | 1981-11-03 | Richardson Chemical Company | Chromium-free or low-chromium metal surface passivation |
-
1982
- 1982-04-06 CA CA000400591A patent/CA1228000A/en not_active Expired
- 1982-04-07 GB GB8210315A patent/GB2097024B/en not_active Expired
- 1982-04-10 DE DE19823213384 patent/DE3213384A1/de active Granted
- 1982-04-14 IT IT48225/82A patent/IT1147842B/it active
- 1982-04-15 AU AU82634/82A patent/AU541733B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1982-04-15 SE SE8202372A patent/SE457642B/sv not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1982-04-15 FR FR8206506A patent/FR2504156A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
- 1982-04-16 NL NLAANVRAGE8201599,A patent/NL185856C/xx active Search and Examination
- 1982-04-16 BR BR8202218A patent/BR8202218A/pt unknown
-
1986
- 1986-08-12 SG SG676/86A patent/SG67686G/en unknown
- 1986-11-13 HK HK855/86A patent/HK85586A/xx unknown
Patent Citations (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE937448C (de) * | 1940-11-09 | 1956-01-05 | Henkel & Cie Gmbh | Spuelfluessigkeit fuer phosphatierte Metalle |
| DE974713C (de) * | 1941-04-25 | 1961-04-06 | Metallgesellschaft Ag | Verfahren zur Herstellung von UEberzuegen auf Metallen |
| FR987244A (fr) * | 1948-08-27 | 1951-08-10 | Poor & Co | Procédé pour l'obtention de revêtements en zinc très brillant |
| US3314811A (en) * | 1964-01-02 | 1967-04-18 | Mitchell Bradford Chemical Co | Metal treating compositions and processes |
| FR2150436A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * | 1971-08-23 | 1973-04-06 | Heatbath Corp | |
| US3932198A (en) * | 1974-05-24 | 1976-01-13 | Amchem Products, Inc. | Coating solution having trivalent chromium and manganese for coating metal surfaces |
| GB2032465A (en) * | 1978-10-30 | 1980-05-08 | Dart Ind Inc | Non-chromate Conversion Coating Solutions |
| EP0034040A1 (en) * | 1980-02-06 | 1981-08-19 | BNF Metals Technology Centre | Method of producing conversion coatings |
| US4331487A (en) * | 1980-05-06 | 1982-05-25 | Ball Corporation | Conductive coatings for metal substrates |
| US4351675A (en) * | 1981-03-02 | 1982-09-28 | Rohco, Inc. | Conversion coatings for zinc and cadmium surfaces |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR3073529A1 (fr) * | 2017-11-14 | 2019-05-17 | Mecaprotec Industries | Procede de traitement de surface d’une piece revetue d’un revetement de cadmium et composition pour la mise en œuvre d’un tel procede |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| IT1147842B (it) | 1986-11-26 |
| AU541733B2 (en) | 1985-01-17 |
| NL8201599A (nl) | 1982-11-16 |
| SE457642B (sv) | 1989-01-16 |
| BR8202218A (pt) | 1983-03-29 |
| NL185856C (nl) | 1990-08-01 |
| SE8202372L (sv) | 1982-10-17 |
| AU8263482A (en) | 1982-10-21 |
| HK85586A (en) | 1986-11-21 |
| CA1228000A (en) | 1987-10-13 |
| IT8248225A0 (it) | 1982-04-14 |
| GB2097024B (en) | 1985-02-27 |
| SG67686G (en) | 1987-03-27 |
| GB2097024A (en) | 1982-10-27 |
| DE3213384C2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) | 1991-01-31 |
| DE3213384A1 (de) | 1982-12-09 |
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| CD | Change of name or company name | ||
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