Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07D403/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D401/00
  • C07D403/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D401/00 containing two hetero rings
  • C07D403/06—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D401/00 containing two hetero rings linked by a carbon chain containing only aliphatic carbon atoms
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
  • A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
  • A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
  • A61K31/41—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having five-membered rings with two or more ring hetero atoms, at least one of which being nitrogen, e.g. tetrazole
  • A61K31/4196—1,2,4-Triazoles
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P13/00—Drugs for disorders of the urinary system
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P13/00—Drugs for disorders of the urinary system
  • A61P13/12—Drugs for disorders of the urinary system of the kidneys
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P9/00—Drugs for disorders of the cardiovascular system
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07D249/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having three nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
  • C07D249/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having three nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms not condensed with other rings
  • C07D249/08—1,2,4-Triazoles; Hydrogenated 1,2,4-triazoles
  • C07D249/10—1,2,4-Triazoles; Hydrogenated 1,2,4-triazoles with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
  • C07D249/12—Oxygen or sulfur atoms
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07B—GENERAL METHODS OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY; APPARATUS THEREFOR
  • C07B2200/00—Indexing scheme relating to specific properties of organic compounds
  • C07B2200/13—Crystalline forms, e.g. polymorphs
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
  • Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
  • Y02P20/50—Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals
  • Y02P20/55—Design of synthesis routes, e.g. reducing the use of auxiliary or protecting groups

Definitions

• the present application relates to a new and improved process for the preparation of (hydroxyalkyl) -l-phenyl-l, 2,4-triazole derivatives of the formula (I)
• R 1A and R 1B are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, fluorine, chlorine, methyl, monofluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, ethyl, methoxy, difluoromethoxy and trifluoromethoxy,
• Compounds of formula (I) act as potent dual Vla / V2 receptor antagonists and can be used as agents for the prophylaxis and / or treatment of cardiovascular and renal diseases, such as chronic worsening heart failure, cardiorenal syndrome, hypervolemic and euvolemic hyponatremia, liver cirrhosis, ascites, edema and the syndrome of inappropriate ADH secretion (SIADH), as disclosed in WO 2016/071212.
• cardiovascular and renal diseases such as chronic worsening heart failure, cardiorenal syndrome, hypervolemic and euvolemic hyponatremia, liver cirrhosis, ascites, edema and the syndrome of inappropriate ADH secretion (SIADH), as disclosed in WO 2016/071212.
• Scheme 1 shows the process for preparing the 5-phenyl-substituted 1,2,4-triazole derivatives according to WO 2011/104322.
• R 1A , R 1B hydrogen, fluorine, chlorine, cyano, methyl, monofluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, ethyl, methoxy, difluoromethoxy and trifluoromethoxy].
• step (V) the synthesis disclosed in WO 2016/071212 is analogous to the process disclosed in WO 2011/104322.
• this reaction step is particularly disadvantageous for a synthesis on an industrial scale, since stoichiometric amounts of copper acetate are used in this reaction. This is disadvantageous because the remaining amounts of copper salt have to be removed below the maximum permitted in the product for regulatory reasons, which means an additional expense. Furthermore, the reagents should be easy and inexpensive to access.
• the novel process according to process variant (A) provides the target compounds (I) in four stages in more than 20% d. Th. Total yield (between 23.8% and 53.2%). A chromatographic purification of intermediates is not necessary.
• the final two stages and in a further alternative process variant (C) even the final three stages can be carried out as a one-pot process. This can be achieved a further increase in total yield over four stages (up to 63.2%).
• transformations are carried out by customary methods familiar to the person skilled in the art and include, for example, reactions such as nucleophilic or electrophilic substitution reactions, transition metal-mediated coupling reactions, preparation and addition reactions of organometallic compounds (eg Grignard compounds or lithium organyls), oxidation and reduction reactions, hydrogenation, Halogenation (eg, fluorination, bromination), dehalogenation, amination, alkylation and acylation, the formation of carboxylic acid esters, carboxylic acid amides and sulfonamides, ester cleavage and hydrolysis, and the introduction and removal of temporary protecting groups or other reactions known to those skilled in the art.
• reactions such as nucleophilic or electrophilic substitution reactions, transition metal-mediated coupling reactions, preparation and addition reactions of organometallic compounds (eg Grignard compounds or lithium organyls), oxidation and reduction reactions, hydrogenation, Halogenation (eg, fluorination, bromination), dehalogenation, amination, alkylation and
• Suitable protecting groups as well as reagents and reaction conditions for their introduction or removal are known to the person skilled in the art (see, for example, TW Greene, PGM Wuts, "Protective Croups in Organic Synthesis", 3rd edition, Wiley 1999). Specific examples are given in the following sections of the text.
• R 1A , R 1B hydrogen, fluorine, chlorine, methyl, monofluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, ethyl, methoxy, difluoromethoxy and trifluoromethoxy; a) NaiCC, methyl isobutyl ketone; b) Sodium methoxide, MeOH, c) 1. (XII-A), DIPEA, toluene / THF, 2. (XIII), DIPEA, THF; d) NaOH, MeOH].
• R 1A and R 1B are independently selected from the group consisting of
• R 1A and R 1B are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, fluorine and chlorine, wherein at least one of the substituents is different from
• R 1A is hydrogen
• R 1B is chlorine in the 2-position or in the 3-position.
• R 1A is hydrogen
• R 1B is chlorine in the 3-position.
• the process can be conducted in such a way that the protected acetate (XIV) is not isolated but is further reacted directly in solution (steps 3 + 4).
• the process can be carried out as a one-pot process via the steps (X) -> (XI) -> (XIV) - ⁇ (I) (steps 2 + 3 + 4), in which case the total process consists of only 2 isolated stages instead of 4 stages in the prior art.
• step 3 Particularly advantageous is the inventive three-component cyclization reaction for the construction of the 1,2,4-triazole ring (step 3), which allows introduction of the two ring substituents in 1- and 5-position in one process step, so that a high yield for this Step (37.0% to 83.0% for step 3, after deprotection: 36.7% to 82.2% over 2 steps for step 3 + 4).
• Scheme 2 provides over the analogous sequence (V) - ⁇ (VII) - ⁇ (I) a significantly lower yield over two stages from 2.9% to 28.9%.
• the sequence can also be carried out as a one-pot process (process variants B and C), so that the intermediates need not be isolated and no chromatographic purification of the intermediates takes place, but this directly be subjected to a subsequent step in the same reaction vessel and / or reaction medium.
• a one-pot process is particularly advantageous for large-scale synthesis, as this additional processing steps can be avoided and a high overall yield for the process is achieved.
• Salts used in the present invention are physiologically acceptable salts of the compounds according to the invention (for example, see S. M. Berge et al., "Pharmaceutical Salts", / Pharm. Sci. 1977, 66, 1-19). However, also included are salts which are not suitable for pharmaceutical applications themselves but can be used, for example, for the isolation or purification of the compounds according to the invention.
• Physiologically acceptable salts of the compounds of the invention include acid addition salts of mineral acids, carboxylic acids and sulfonic acids, e.g. Salts of hydrochloric, hydrobromic, sulfuric, phosphoric, methanesulfonic, ethanesulfonic, toluenesulfonic, benzenesulfonic, naphthalenedisulfonic, acetic, trifluoroacetic, propionic, lactic, tartaric, malic, citric, fumaric, maleic and benzoic acids.
• Salts of hydrochloric, hydrobromic, sulfuric, phosphoric, methanesulfonic, ethanesulfonic, toluenesulfonic, benzenesulfonic, naphthalenedisulfonic acetic, trifluoroacetic, propionic, lactic, tartaric, malic, citric, fumaric, maleic and benzoic acids.
• Physiologically acceptable salts of the compounds according to the invention also include salts of customary bases, such as, by way of example and by way of preference, alkali metal salts (for example sodium and potassium salts), alkaline earth salts (for example calcium and magnesium salts) and ammonium salts derived from ammonia or organic amines having 1 to 16 carbon atoms, such as, by way of example and by way of preference, ethylamine, diethylamine, triethylamine, ethyldiisopropylamine, monoethanolamine, diethanolamine, triethanolamine, dicyclohexylamine, dimethylaminoethanol, procaine, dibenzylamine, N-methylmorpholine, arginine, lysine, ethylenediamine, N-methylpiperidine and choline.
• Solvates in the context of the invention are those forms of the compounds according to the invention which form a complex in the solid or liquid state by coordination with solvent molecules. Hydrates are a
• the compounds of the formula (IA), (XII-A), (XIV-A) and (IB), (XII-B), (XIV-B) are each a subset of the compounds of the formula (I), (XII) and (XIV) and each represent the enantiomers or diastereomers with respect to the stereocenter of the alcohol group in the 5-position of the 1,2,4-triazole ring, or its protected form.
• the compounds of the formula (IA), (XII-A) and (XIV -A) are in this case assigned to a (S) -configuration of the stereocenter, and the compounds of the formula (IB), (XII-B) and (XIV-A) each assigned to a (R) -configuration of the stereocenter.
• the present invention encompasses all tautomeric forms.
• the present invention is a process for the preparation of the compounds of general formula (I), or their salts, their solvates or the solvates of their salts, characterized in that it comprises the steps [C] and [D], wherein
• PG is a protective group, preferably acetyl
• R 1A and R 1B are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, fluorine, chlorine, methyl, monofluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, ethyl, methoxy, difluoromethoxy and trifluoromethoxy,
• the process according to the invention is carried out as a one-pot reaction in a multistage mode of operation adapted to the chemical mechanism.
• step [C-1] the process is carried out in the presence of a suitable solvent and the intermediate product from step [C-1] without isolation, i. in solution, then reacted in the subsequent step [C-2].
• the method according to the invention before step [C] comprises a further step [B], wherein
• R 2 is (C 1 -C 4 ) -alkyl, preferably methyl
• the process according to the invention is carried out as a one-pot reaction in a multistage mode of operation adapted to the chemical mechanism.
• reaction is carried out in the presence of a suitable solvent and the iminoester compound of the formula of the general formula (XI) following from [B], without isolation, i. in solution, then reacted in a subsequent step [C].
• the method according to the invention comprises a step [B] before step [C] and before step [B] a further step [A], wherein
• nitrile compound (IX) where X is a leaving group, preferably chloride or bromide
• this comprises the steps [A], [B], [C] and [D], wherein
• X is a leaving group, preferably chloride or bromide
• R 2 is (C 1 -C 4 ) -alkyl, preferably methyl
• PG is a protective group, preferably acetyl
• R and R are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, fluorine, chlorine, methyl, monofluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, ethyl, methoxy, difluoromethoxy and trifluoromethoxy,
• R 1A and R 1B have the meanings given above, and
• PG is a protective group, preferably acetyl
• R 1A and R 1B are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, fluorine and chlorine, wherein at least one of the substituents is other than hydrogen.
• R 1A is hydrogen and R 1B is chlorine in the 2-position or in the 3-position.
• Another object of the present invention is a process for the preparation of the compounds of general formula (X), or their salts, their solvates or the solvates of their salts, characterized in that it comprises a step [A], wherein
• X is a leaving group, preferably chloride or bromide
• Another object of the present invention is a process for the preparation of the compounds of general formula (XI), or their salts, their solvates or the solvates of their salts, characterized in that it comprises a step [B], wherein
• R 2 is (C 1 -C 4 ) -alkyl, preferably methyl
• a further subject of the present invention is a compound of the general formula (X)
• the compound is ⁇ 3- (4-chlorophenyl) -5-oxo-4- [(2S) -3,3,3-trifluoro-2-hydroxypropyl] -4,5-dihydro - IH-1, 2,4-triazole-1-yl ⁇ acetonitrile (Xa)
• Another object of the present invention is the use of a compound of general formula (X) for the preparation of a compound of general formula (I).
• a further subject of the present invention is a compound of the general formula (XI)
• R 2 is (C 1 -C 4 ) -alkyl, preferably methyl.
• the compound is methyl 2- ⁇ 3- (4-chlorophenyl) -5-oxo-4- [(25) -3,3,3-trifluoro-2-hydroxypropyl] -4.5 -dihydro-l /, 2,4-triazol-1-yl ⁇ efhanimidate (XI-a)
• Another object of the present invention is the use of a compound of general formula (XI) for the preparation of a compound of general formula (I).
• Another object of the present invention is the use of a compound of general formula (XIV) for the preparation of a compound of general formula (I).
• Suitable bases for process step [A]: (II) + (IX) - (X) are the usual inorganic or organic bases such as, and preferably alkali metal carbonates such as sodium carbonate, potassium carbonate or cesium carbonate, alkali metal such as sodium tert-butoxide or Potassium tert-butoxide, or organic amines such as ⁇ , ⁇ -diisopropylethylamine (DIPEA) and triethylamine.
• alkali metal carbonates such as sodium carbonate, potassium carbonate or cesium carbonate
• alkali metal such as sodium tert-butoxide or Potassium tert-butoxide
• organic amines such as ⁇ , ⁇ -diisopropylethylamine (DIPEA) and triethylamine.
• inert solvents such as acetonitrile, methyl isobutyl ketone, dioxane, dimethylformamide, dimethylacetamide, N-methylpyrrolidinone, dimethylsulfoxide or sulfolane can be used.
• potassium carbonate in methyl isobutyl ketone or acetonitrile is used.
• these process steps can advantageously be carried out with addition of alkylation catalysts, such as, for example, lithium bromide, sodium iodide, tetra-n-butylammonium bromide or benzyltriethylammonium chloride.
• alkylation catalysts such as, for example, lithium bromide, sodium iodide, tetra-n-butylammonium bromide or benzyltriethylammonium chloride.
• alkylation catalysts such as, for example, lithium bromide, sodium iodide, tetra-n-butylammonium bromide or benzyltriethylammonium chloride.
• the reactions are generally carried out in a temperature range from + 40 ° C to + 120 ° C, preferably at + 60
• the reaction may be carried out at normal, elevated or reduced pressure (e.g., from 0.5 to 5 bar); usually one works at normal pressure.
• normal, elevated or reduced pressure e.g., from 0.5 to 5 bar
• the compounds of the formula (X) can also be prepared from compounds of the formula (XX) known from the literature (see Scheme 5):
• the coupling reaction (XX) -> (XXI) [amide formation] can be carried out either directly by means of a condensation or activating agent in the presence of a base or via the intermediate of a carboxylic acid chloride, carboxylic ester or carboxylic acid imidazolide obtainable from (XX).
• Suitable condensation or activating agents are, for example, carbodiimides such as ⁇ , ⁇ '-diethyl, N, N'-dipropyl, N, N'-diisopropyl, N, N'-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (DCC) or N- (3-propanediol).
• Dimethylaminopropyl) - / V'-ethylcarbodiimide hydrochloride EDC
• phosgene derivatives such as N, N'-carbonyldiimidazole (CDI), isopropyl chloroformate or isobutyl chloroformate
• 1,2-oxazolium compounds such as 2-ethyl-5- phenyl-1, 2-oxazolium-3-sulphate or 2-ethyl-butyl-5-methylisoxazolium perchlorate
• acylamino compounds such as 2-ethoxy-1-ethoxycarbonyl-1,2-dihydroquinoline
• ⁇ -chloroeneamines such as 1 Chloro / V, / V, 2-trimethylprop-1-en-1-amine, 1,3,5-triazine derivatives such as 4- (4,6-dimethoxy-l, 3,5-triazine-2-one yl) -4-methylmorpholinium chloride,
• the acid chlorides are prepared by reaction with thionyl chloride or oxalyl chloride in an inert solvent such as dichloromethane or N, N-dimethylformamide. It is also possible to use mixtures of the listed solvents.
• the reaction to nitrile (XXI) -> (X) can be carried out in the presence of a dehydrating agent.
• Typical dehydrating agents are, for example, trifluoroacetic anhydride (TFAA), phosphorus pentoxide (P 4 Oio), phosphoryl chloride (POCl 3 ), phosphorus pentachloride (PCL), CCL-PPI13 (Appel reagent), hexamethylphosphoramide (HMPA); Methyl N- (triethylammonium sulfonyl) carbamate (Burgess reagent), (chloromethylene) dimethyliminium chloride (Vilsmeier reagent), oxalyl chloride / DMSO and thionyl chloride (SOCh).
• TFAA trifluoroacetic anhydride
• P 4 Oio phosphorus pentoxide
• POCl 3 phosphoryl chloride
• PCL phosphorus pentachloride
• Typical solvents for both process steps (XX) (XXI) and (XXI) (X) are, for example, ethers such as diethyl ether, dioxane, tetrahydrofuran, glycol dimethyl ether or diethylene glycol dimethyl ether hydrocarbons such as benzene, toluene, xylene, hexane, cyclohexane or petroleum fractions, halogenated hydrocarbons such Dichloromethane, trichloromethane, tetrachloromethane, 1,2-dichloroethane, trichlorethylene or chlorobenzene, or other solvents such as acetone, ethyl acetate, acetonitrile, dimethyl sulfoxide, dimethylformamide, / V, / V'-dimethylpropyleneurea (DMPU), N- Methyl pyrrolidone (NMP) or pyridine. It is likewise possible to use
• the carboxylic acid (XX) is reacted in a first step with pivaloyl chloride in the presence of pyridine to give an intermediate which is reacted with ammonia in a subsequent step.
• the intermediate formed is not isolated and the reaction is conducted as a one-pot reaction through the two stages.
• Suitable bases for the first step are preferably pyridine, 4- (N, N-dimethylamino) pyridine or N, N-diisopropylethylamine (DIPEA).
• DIPEA N, N-dimethylamino
• the reaction of carboxamide (XX) to nitrile (X) is then typically via the reaction with trifluoroacetic anhydride. Both reactions are carried out in an inert organic solvent, preferably tetrahydrofuran.
• Bases which can be used for the preparation of the iminoester (XI) in process step [B] are basic (C 1 -C 4 -alkanolates such as, for example, sodium methoxide, sodium ethoxide, sodium propylate, sodium isopropylate, sodium tert-butoxide or potassium
• Suitable alcohols are alcohols, such as methanol, ethanol, n-propanol, 2-propanol, n-butanol, 2-butanol and tert-butanol, preferably sodium methoxide in methanol.
• the reactions are generally carried out in a temperature range from +20 to +80 ° C, preferably from +40 to +60 ° C.
• the iminoester (XI) need not be isolated, but can be used directly by distilling off methanol to toluene or tetrahydrofuran in the next stage.
• Step 3 The multicomponent cyclization reaction in process step [C] takes place in a two-stage process.
• step [C-1] the iminoester (XI) is reacted with the acid chloride (XII) in the presence of a base and the resulting intermediate subsequently in process step [C-2] in the presence of a base with the phenylhydrazine compound (XIII ) implemented.
• the intermediate formed is not isolated and the two-step process is carried out as a one-pot reaction.
• the acid chloride (XII) is used in step [C-1] in an amount of 1.1 to 1.5 mol, preferably in an amount of 1.2 mol, based on 1 mol of the compound of formula (XI).
• the base in step [C-1] is typically used in an amount of 1 to 2.5 mol, preferably in an amount of 1.05 to 2.0 mol, particularly preferably in an amount of 1.05 to 1.5 mol, based on 1 mol of the compound of formula ( XII).
• the hydrazine (XIII) in step [C-2] can also be used in salt form, for example as the hydrochloride or as the p-toluenesulfonic acid salt (tosylate). Under the basic reaction conditions, the salt form is then converted to the free hydrazine. The amount of base can be adjusted accordingly in this case. In a further advantageous embodiment, the neutralization of the Hydrazine salt prior to addition in a separate reaction vessel and the resulting solution is then added, optionally after filtering off the resulting salt as a solution to the reaction mixture.
• the base in step [C-2] is typically used in an amount of 1.05 to 1.5 mol, preferably in an amount of 1.2 to 1.5 mol, based on 1 mol of the compound of formula (XIII).
• Suitable bases for both steps are typically tertiary amine bases such as N, N-diisopropylethylamine (DIPEA), triethylamine, triisopropylamine, N-methylimidazole, N-methylmorpholine, pyridine and 4- (dimethylamino) pyridine.
• DIPEA N, N-diisopropylethylamine
• triethylamine triethylamine
• triisopropylamine N-methylimidazole
• N-methylmorpholine N-methylmorpholine
• pyridine 4- (dimethylamino) pyridine.
• triethylamine or N, N-diisopropylethylamine Particularly preferred is diisopropylethylamine.
• Suitable solvents are inert organic solvents such as dichloromethane, 1,2-dichloroethane, methyl tert-butyl ether, tetrahydrofuran, 1,4-dioxane, 1,2-dimethoxyethane, toluene, pyridine, ethyl acetate, acetonitrile or ⁇ , ⁇ -dimethylformamide or Mixtures of these solvents.
• THF tetrahydrofuran
• mixtures of tetrahydrofuran and toluene Preference is given to using tetrahydrofuran (THF) or mixtures of tetrahydrofuran and toluene.
• step [C-1] The reaction with the acid chloride (XII) in step [C-1] and with the hydrazine (XIII) in step [C-2] takes place in a temperature range from -20 ° C to +30 ° C, preferably from 0 ° C to +10 ° C.
• the reaction mixture is then brought to a temperature of +20 to +150 ° C.
• the reaction is carried out at a temperature of +70 to +80 ° C.
• Step 4 The introduction and removal of the protective group PG in process step [D] is carried out by literature methods [see, e.g. T.W. Greene and P.G.M. Wuts, Protective Croups in Organic Synthesis, Wiley, New York, 1999].
• the acetyl group is preferably removed by means of a base such as aqueous sodium hydroxide solution.
• the work-up is carried out, for example, by extraction with a suitable solvent, followed by repeated washing and drying.
• a suitable solvent Preferably, it is extracted with methyl tert-butyl ether (MtBE).
• step 5 can crystallize from a mixture of methyl tert-butyl ether / diisopropyl ether or from a mixture of Mefhyl- tert-butyl ether / n-heptane, wherein reproducibly the crystalline modification I is formed (step 5).
• Step 5 A solution of the compound of formula (IAl) in a 5 to 10-fold excess of methyl tert-butyl ether (MtBE) is in this case at 20 to 80 ° C, preferably at 50 to 60 ° C and more preferably at reflux temperature of the methyl tert-butyl ether (about 54 ° C), stirred and treated at this temperature with diisopropyl ether. With continued addition of diisopropyl ether, MtBE is distilled off. In this case, the compound of the formula (I-A-1) crystallizes out. It is cooled to a temperature of 0 to 30 ° C, preferably 10 to 20 ° C, the crystals are isolated and these dried in vacuo at 40 to 60 ° C, preferably at 40 to 50 ° C.
• MtBE methyl tert-butyl ether
• a mixture of methyl tert-butyl ether / n-heptane can be used.
• the workup is generally carried out by filtration, repeated washing with diisopropyl ether or n-heptane and subsequent drying.
• the achieved chemical purity of> 99% and the content of approx. 100% correspond to the criteria for commercial products according to ICH guideline.
• the optical purity is »99% ee
• the crystallization process is very robust and reproducibly provides the desired crystal form.
• the compound of formula (I) is usually micronized and formulated into tablets in pharmacy. It turns out that the crystal form has very good stability properties (even at high humidity) and can be stored for several months without loss of stability.
• a further subject matter of the present invention is the compound (5- (4-chlorophenyl) -2- ( ⁇ 1- (3-chlorophenyl) -5 - [(IS) -1-hydroxyethyl] -H1-, 2,4-) triazol-3-yl ⁇ methyl) -4- [(2S) -3,3,3-trifluoro-2-hydroxypropyl] -2,4-dihydro-3i7-l, 2,4-triazol-3-one of the formula (IAl) in crystalline form of the modification I.
• An object of the present invention is the compound of the formula (IAl) in crystalline form of the modification I, characterized in that the X-ray diffractogram of the compound peak maxima of the 2 theta angle at 7.0, 8.9, 16.8, 17.7, 17.9, 18.1, 21.6, 21.8, 22.4 and 24.6 shows.
• Another object of the present invention is a process for the preparation of the compound of formula (IAl) in crystalline form of the modification I, characterized in that the compound of formula (IAl) present in one or more modifications or as a solvate in a mixture of methyl tert-butyl ether / diisopropyl ether or in a mixture of methyl tert-butyl ether / n-heptane at a temperature of 20 ° C to 80 ° C, then filtered, washed and dried in vacuo.
• Preferred solvent for the process for the preparation of the compound of formula (I-A-1) in crystalline form of the modification I is a mixture of methyl tert-butyl ether / diisopropyl ether or a mixture of methyl tert-butyl ether / n-heptane.
• a preferred temperature range for the process for preparing the compound of formula (I-A-1) in crystalline form of modification I is at reflux temperature of methyl tert-butyl ether (at about 54 ° C).
• Another object of the present invention is the compound of formula (I-A-1) in crystalline form of the modification I as described above for the treatment of diseases.
• Another object of the present invention is a medicament containing a compound of formula (IAl) in crystalline form of the modification I as described above and no major proportion of another form of the compound of formula (IAl) as the crystalline form of the modification I as described above ,
• Another object of the present invention is a medicament containing a compound of formula (IAl) in crystalline form of the modification I as described above in more than 90 percent by weight based on the total amount of the compound of the formula (IAl).
• Another object of the present invention is the use of the compound of formula (I-Al) in crystalline form of the modification I as described above for the preparation of a medicament for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases and kidney diseases.
• Another object of the present invention is the method for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases and kidney diseases by administering an effective amount of a compound of formula (I-A-1) in crystalline form of modification I as described above.
• the compounds of formula (I-A-1) according to the invention act as potent dual Vla V2 receptor antagonists and show an unpredictable, valuable pharmacological activity spectrum. They are therefore suitable for use as medicaments for the treatment and / or prophylaxis of diseases in humans and animals.
• the compounds according to the invention are suitable alone or in combination with one or more other active substances for the prevention and / or treatment of various diseases, for example diseases of the cardiovascular system (cardiovascular diseases), for cardioprotection after damage to the heart as well as metabolic and renal diseases.
• the compounds according to the invention are suitable alone or in combination with one or more other active substances for the prevention and / or treatment of various diseases, for example diseases of the cardiovascular system (cardiovascular diseases), as well as kidney diseases.
• the compounds according to the invention have valuable pharmacological properties and can be used for the prevention and / or treatment of various diseases and disease-related conditions in humans and animals.
• Possible target indications are given by way of example and preferably in WO 2016/071212, p. 16 to 19.
• Suitable combination active ingredients and dosage forms are given by way of example and preferably in WO 2016/071212, pages 19 to 27.
• the compounds of the invention may be in salt form, for example as trifluoroacetate, formate or ammonium salt, if the Compounds of the invention contain sufficiently basic or acidic functionalities.
• a salt can be converted into the corresponding free base or acid by various methods known to those skilled in the art.
• Purity specifications usually refer to corresponding peak integrations in the LC / MS chromatogram, but may additionally have been determined with the help of the--NMR spectrum. If no purity is given, it is usually a 100% purity according to automatic peak integration in the LC / MS chromatogram, or purity was not explicitly determined.
• the ⁇ -NMR data of selected examples are noted in terms of ⁇ -NMR peak lists. For each signal peak, first the ⁇ value in ppm and then the signal intensity in round brackets are listed. The ⁇ value signal intensity number pairs of different signal peaks are listed separated by commas.
• the peak list of an example therefore has the form: ⁇ (intensity i), 8 2 (intensity 2 ), ..., 5 j (intensity;), ..., ⁇ ⁇ (intensity n ).
• the intensity of sharp signals correlates with the height of the signals in a printed example of an NMR spectrum in cm and shows the true ratios of the signal intensities compared to other signals.
• peaks or the center of the signal and their relative intensity can be shown compared to the most intense signal in the spectrum.
• the lists of the 1 H NMR peaks are similar to the classical ⁇ NMR prints and thus usually contain all the peaks listed in a classical NMR interpretation. In addition, they may, like classic NMR prints, show solvent signals, signals from stereoisomers of the target compounds which are also subject of the invention, and / or peaks of impurities.
• the peaks of stereoisomers of the target compounds and / or peaks of impurities usually have on average a lower intensity than the peaks of the target compounds (for example with a purity of> 90%).
• Such stereoisomers and / or impurities may be typical of the particular preparation process.
• Methyl 2- ⁇ 3- (4-chlorophenyl) -5-oxo-4 - [(2S) -3,3,3-trifluoro-2-hydroxypropyl] -4,5-dihydro-1H-l, 2,4 triazol-1-yl ⁇ ethanimidate (XI-a) (164 g, 433 mmol) was dissolved in a mixture of THF (1.0 L) and toluene (0.5 L). The mixture was treated at 20 ° C with N-ethyldiisopropylamine (97.8 g, 757 mmol) and then stirred for 15 min at 20 ° C.
• the organic phase was washed twice with 0.5 1 of 1 N hydrochloric acid solution, then concentrated at a jacket temperature of 80 ° C in vacuo to the oily residue and codistilled twice with 1.0 L of methanol.
• the oily residue was then dissolved in 0.6 1 of methanol, treated at 0 ° C with 0.5 1 of a 1 N sodium hydroxide solution and stirred for 1 h at 20 ° C.
• the organic phase was separated, washed twice with 0.3 1 of half-saturated aqueous sodium chloride solution and then concentrated at a jacket temperature of 80 ° C in vacuo to a volume of about 0.3 1.
• Process variant C (with subsequent crystallization from methyl tert-butyl ether / diisopropyl ether): 1.373 kg (3.96 mol) of ⁇ 3- (4-chlorophenyl) -5-oxo-4 - [(2S) -3,3,3-trifluoro -2-hydroxypropyl] -4,5-dihydro-lH-l, 2,4-triazol-l-yl ⁇ acetonitrile (Xa) as a solution in 6.9 1 of methanol were initially charged and 36 g (0.198 mol) of sodium methoxide (30% pure in methanol).
• the organic phase was washed twice with 3.5 1 of 1 N hydrochloric acid solution, concentrated at a jacket temperature of 80 ° C in vacuo to the oily residue and codistilled twice with 13.5 1 of methanol.
• the oily residue was dissolved in 5.5 1 of methanol, treated at 0 ° C with 4.0 1 of a 1 N sodium hydroxide solution and stirred for 1 h at 20 ° C.
• the organic Separated phase washed twice with 2.75 1 of half-saturated aqueous sodium chloride solution and concentrated at a jacket temperature of 80 ° C in vacuo to a volume of about 3.0 1.
• the organic phase was washed twice with 125 g of a 1 N hydrochloric acid solution, concentrated at a jacket temperature of 60 ° C in vacuo to the oily residue and codistilled twice with 500 ml of methanol.
• the oily residue was dissolved in 200 ml of methanol, treated at 0 ° C with 35 ml of a 1 N sodium hydroxide solution and stirred for 1 h at 20 ° C.
• the organic phase was separated, washed twice with 62 ml of half-saturated aqueous sodium chloride solution and concentrated at a jacket temperature of 80 ° C in vacuo to an oily residue.
• FIG. 1 X-ray diffractogram of the compound of the formula (I-A-1) in crystalline form of the modification I

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