TWI755393B - 製備5-羥基烷基取代之1-苯基-1,2,4-三唑衍生物之方法 - Google Patents
製備5-羥基烷基取代之1-苯基-1,2,4-三唑衍生物之方法 Download PDFInfo
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- TWI755393B TWI755393B TW106114435A TW106114435A TWI755393B TW I755393 B TWI755393 B TW I755393B TW 106114435 A TW106114435 A TW 106114435A TW 106114435 A TW106114435 A TW 106114435A TW I755393 B TWI755393 B TW I755393B
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- Prior art keywords
- compound
- triazol
- formula
- mmol
- chlorophenyl
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 6
- CGRLXLHYYDSTKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-phenyl-1H-1,2,4-triazole Chemical class N1=CN=CN1C1=CC=CC=C1 CGRLXLHYYDSTKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title description 2
- -1 monofluoromethyl Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 125000001028 difluoromethyl group Chemical group [H]C(F)(F)* 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 125000000876 trifluoromethoxy group Chemical group FC(F)(F)O* 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 125000002023 trifluoromethyl group Chemical group FC(F)(F)* 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine Chemical compound FF PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 190
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 130
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 119
- IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Heptane Chemical compound CCCCCCC IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 39
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 31
- BZLVMXJERCGZMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl tert-butyl ether Chemical compound COC(C)(C)C BZLVMXJERCGZMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000012453 solvate Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 125000006239 protecting group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 14
- 125000001376 1,2,4-triazolyl group Chemical group N1N=C(N=C1)* 0.000 claims description 12
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000005580 one pot reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 125000004178 (C1-C4) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 8
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N ether Substances CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 7
- 208000024172 Cardiovascular disease Diseases 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000001263 acyl chlorides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 208000017169 kidney disease Diseases 0.000 claims description 6
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000001449 isopropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 5
- 229940067157 phenylhydrazine Drugs 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000001153 fluoro group Chemical group F* 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940126601 medicinal product Drugs 0.000 claims 2
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 33
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 abstract description 12
- AZXOTZCWQDJCLY-SJCJKPOMSA-N pecavaptan Chemical compound ClC1=CC=C(C=C1)C=1N(C(N(N=1)CC1=NN(C(=N1)[C@H](C)O)C1=CC(=CC=C1)Cl)=O)C[C@@H](C(F)(F)F)O AZXOTZCWQDJCLY-SJCJKPOMSA-N 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical class [H]* 0.000 abstract 1
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 150
- WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl cyanide Natural products CC#N WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 89
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 78
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 70
- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formic acid Chemical compound OC=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 67
- JGFZNNIVVJXRND-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Diisopropylethylamine (DIPEA) Chemical compound CCN(C(C)C)C(C)C JGFZNNIVVJXRND-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 59
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 50
- 238000005481 NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 48
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 47
- 238000004895 liquid chromatography mass spectrometry Methods 0.000 description 45
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 45
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 37
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 35
- 235000019253 formic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 34
- OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(3-methoxyphenyl)aniline Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC(C=2C=CC(N)=CC=2)=C1 OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 33
- 239000003480 eluent Substances 0.000 description 30
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Natural products CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 29
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 29
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 26
- 238000004587 chromatography analysis Methods 0.000 description 25
- 238000002953 preparative HPLC Methods 0.000 description 25
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 24
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 22
- WQDUMFSSJAZKTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sodium methoxide Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]C WQDUMFSSJAZKTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 20
- JUESPOTYADNIAZ-JTQLQIEISA-N methyl 2-[3-(4-chlorophenyl)-5-oxo-4-[(2S)-3,3,3-trifluoro-2-hydroxypropyl]-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl]ethanimidate Chemical compound ClC1=CC=C(C=C1)C1=NN(C(N1C[C@@H](C(F)(F)F)O)=O)CC(OC)=N JUESPOTYADNIAZ-JTQLQIEISA-N 0.000 description 20
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 20
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 20
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 19
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 18
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 17
- HTCCQHKKWKMUMG-BYPYZUCNSA-N (2S)-2-ethoxypropanoyl chloride Chemical compound C(C)O[C@H](C(=O)Cl)C HTCCQHKKWKMUMG-BYPYZUCNSA-N 0.000 description 15
- 0 CC(c1nc(CN2N=C(c(cc3)ccc3Cl)N(C[C@@](C(F)(F)F)O)C2=O)n[n]1/C1=C/C(*)/C=C/*(C)/C=C1)O Chemical compound CC(c1nc(CN2N=C(c(cc3)ccc3Cl)N(C[C@@](C(F)(F)F)O)C2=O)n[n]1/C1=C/C(*)/C=C/*(C)/C=C1)O 0.000 description 15
- ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethylamine Chemical compound CCN(CC)CC ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 13
- 229920001467 poly(styrenesulfonates) Polymers 0.000 description 13
- SJRJJKPEHAURKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylmorpholine Chemical compound CN1CCOCC1 SJRJJKPEHAURKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyridine Chemical compound C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- QAEDZJGFFMLHHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N trifluoroacetic anhydride Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C(=O)OC(=O)C(F)(F)F QAEDZJGFFMLHHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 239000000543 intermediate Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000012074 organic phase Substances 0.000 description 11
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- ZAFNJMIOTHYJRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diisopropyl ether Chemical compound CC(C)OC(C)C ZAFNJMIOTHYJRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 9
- PAMIQIKDUOTOBW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methylpiperidine Chemical compound CN1CCCCC1 PAMIQIKDUOTOBW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical class [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 8
- HTCCQHKKWKMUMG-SCSAIBSYSA-N (2R)-2-ethoxypropanoyl chloride Chemical compound C(C)O[C@@H](C(=O)Cl)C HTCCQHKKWKMUMG-SCSAIBSYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- KFNBHYNJZLWPHT-JTQLQIEISA-N 2-[3-(4-chlorophenyl)-5-oxo-4-[(2S)-3,3,3-trifluoro-2-hydroxypropyl]-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl]acetonitrile Chemical compound ClC1=CC=C(C=C1)C1=NN(C(N1C[C@@H](C(F)(F)F)O)=O)CC#N KFNBHYNJZLWPHT-JTQLQIEISA-N 0.000 description 7
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylsulphoxide Chemical compound CS(C)=O IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 7
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 7
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 7
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-WFGJKAKNSA-N Dimethyl sulfoxide Chemical compound [2H]C([2H])([2H])S(=O)C([2H])([2H])[2H] IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-WFGJKAKNSA-N 0.000 description 6
- OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrazine Chemical compound NN OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium sulfate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 6
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 208000035475 disorder Diseases 0.000 description 6
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 6
- UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Natural products COC1=CC=CN=C1 UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000005160 1H NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 5
- NTIZESTWPVYFNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl isobutyl ketone Chemical compound CC(C)CC(C)=O NTIZESTWPVYFNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- UIHCLUNTQKBZGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl isobutyl ketone Natural products CCC(C)C(C)=O UIHCLUNTQKBZGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 125000002777 acetyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)=O 0.000 description 5
- 239000004480 active ingredient Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000007363 ring formation reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 5
- RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-Dioxane Chemical compound C1COCCO1 RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- DQKLMNPZOUNOJY-QMMMGPOBSA-N 3-(4-chlorophenyl)-4-[(2s)-3,3,3-trifluoro-2-hydroxypropyl]-1h-1,2,4-triazol-5-one Chemical compound N1C(=O)N(C[C@H](O)C(F)(F)F)C(C=2C=CC(Cl)=CC=2)=N1 DQKLMNPZOUNOJY-QMMMGPOBSA-N 0.000 description 4
- VHYFNPMBLIVWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-Dimethylaminopyridine Chemical compound CN(C)C1=CC=NC=C1 VHYFNPMBLIVWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethoxyethane Chemical compound COCCOC XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- DTQVDTLACAAQTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trifluoroacetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(F)(F)F DTQVDTLACAAQTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 125000001309 chloro group Chemical group Cl* 0.000 description 4
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 4
- VMGAPWLDMVPYIA-HIDZBRGKSA-N n'-amino-n-iminomethanimidamide Chemical compound N\N=C\N=N VMGAPWLDMVPYIA-HIDZBRGKSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- CTSLXHKWHWQRSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxalyl chloride Chemical compound ClC(=O)C(Cl)=O CTSLXHKWHWQRSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- BOLDJAUMGUJJKM-LSDHHAIUSA-N renifolin D Natural products CC(=C)[C@@H]1Cc2c(O)c(O)ccc2[C@H]1CC(=O)c3ccc(O)cc3O BOLDJAUMGUJJKM-LSDHHAIUSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 4
- YQVZREHUWCCHHX-UHFFFAOYSA-N (4-chlorophenyl)hydrazine;hydron;chloride Chemical compound Cl.NNC1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1 YQVZREHUWCCHHX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- WSLDOOZREJYCGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-Dichloroethane Chemical compound ClCCCl WSLDOOZREJYCGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- AFKFOSBVBBKLQI-VIFPVBQESA-N 2-[3-(4-chlorophenyl)-5-oxo-4-[(2S)-3,3,3-trifluoro-2-hydroxypropyl]-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl]acetamide Chemical compound ClC1=CC=C(C=C1)C1=NN(C(N1C[C@@H](C(F)(F)F)O)=O)CC(=O)N AFKFOSBVBBKLQI-VIFPVBQESA-N 0.000 description 3
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bromine atom Chemical compound [Br] WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyclohexane Chemical compound C1CCCCC1 XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- QOSSAOTZNIDXMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dicylcohexylcarbodiimide Chemical compound C1CCCCC1N=C=NC1CCCCC1 QOSSAOTZNIDXMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- KFNBHYNJZLWPHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N N#CCN1N=C(c(cc2)ccc2Cl)N(CC(C(F)(F)F)O)C1=O Chemical compound N#CCN1N=C(c(cc2)ccc2Cl)N(CC(C(F)(F)F)O)C1=O KFNBHYNJZLWPHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromine Substances BrBr GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- BTANRVKWQNVYAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N butan-2-ol Chemical compound CCC(C)O BTANRVKWQNVYAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 3
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 3
- OZECFIJVSAYAPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl-di(propan-2-yl)azanium;chloride Chemical compound Cl.CCN(C(C)C)C(C)C OZECFIJVSAYAPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000002463 imidates Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052943 magnesium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 235000019341 magnesium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 238000005191 phase separation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910000027 potassium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- PAQZWJGSJMLPMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylphosphonic anhydride Substances CCCP1(=O)OP(=O)(CCC)OP(=O)(CCC)O1 PAQZWJGSJMLPMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 3
- 235000017550 sodium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 3
- FVAUCKIRQBBSSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium iodide Chemical compound [Na+].[I-] FVAUCKIRQBBSSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- FYSNRJHAOHDILO-UHFFFAOYSA-N thionyl chloride Chemical compound ClS(Cl)=O FYSNRJHAOHDILO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000000844 transformation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003643 water by type Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010626 work up procedure Methods 0.000 description 3
- IDTWYHVEGJBGPT-UHFFFAOYSA-N (2,6-dichlorophenyl)hydrazine Chemical compound NNC1=C(Cl)C=CC=C1Cl IDTWYHVEGJBGPT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QELCWIMDZKOJBU-UHFFFAOYSA-N (2-chloro-4-fluorophenyl)hydrazine;hydrochloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[NH3+]NC1=CC=C(F)C=C1Cl QELCWIMDZKOJBU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GHGPIPTUDQZJJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N (2-chlorophenyl)hydrazine Chemical compound NNC1=CC=CC=C1Cl GHGPIPTUDQZJJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JEKYMVBQWWZVHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-chloro-2,2-dimethylpropane Chemical compound CC(C)(C)CCl JEKYMVBQWWZVHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KVHMTOOZTHMTMY-GTNSWQLSSA-N 5-(4-chlorophenyl)-2-[[1-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-5-[(1S)-1-hydroxyethyl]-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl]methyl]-4-[(2S)-3,3,3-trifluoro-2-hydroxypropyl]-1,2,4-triazol-3-one Chemical compound C[C@H](O)c1nc(Cn2nc(-c3ccc(Cl)cc3)n(C[C@H](O)C(F)(F)F)c2=O)nn1-c1ccc(Cl)cc1Cl KVHMTOOZTHMTMY-GTNSWQLSSA-N 0.000 description 2
- AFQJUSQODZBSNZ-PXAZEXFGSA-N 5-(4-chlorophenyl)-2-[[1-[2-(difluoromethoxy)phenyl]-5-[(1R)-1-hydroxyethyl]-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl]methyl]-4-[(2S)-3,3,3-trifluoro-2-hydroxypropyl]-1,2,4-triazol-3-one Chemical compound C[C@@H](O)c1nc(Cn2nc(-c3ccc(Cl)cc3)n(C[C@H](O)C(F)(F)F)c2=O)nn1-c1ccccc1OC(F)F AFQJUSQODZBSNZ-PXAZEXFGSA-N 0.000 description 2
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Abstract
Description
式(I)化合物係作用為強效的雙重V1a/V2受體拮抗劑,並可用作預防及/或治療心血管病症和腎臟病症的藥劑,舉例來說,急性和(惡化性)慢性心臟衰竭、心腎症候群、高血容積型(hypervolaemic)和正常血容積型(euvolaemic)低鈉血症、肝硬化、腹水、水腫和不適當的ADH分泌症候群(SIADH),如WO 2016/071212所揭露的。
用於製備5-苯基取代之1,2,4-三唑衍生物的通用方法係描述於WO 2011/104322(參閱該案的方案8,實施例21、25、54、56-61和68-70)。然而,藉由該案所述方法,不可能在單一方法步驟實現1,2,4-三唑環的1,3,5取代且尤其是1,2,4-三唑環的1-苯基取代。
以下方案1展示根據WO 2011/104322用於製備5-苯基取代之1,2,4-三唑衍生物的方法。
方案1:根據WO 2011/104322合成1,2,4-三唑衍生物。
式(I)化合物及其製備係描述於WO 2016/071212。該案所描述的研究合成被視為最接近的先前技術。從5-(4-氯苯基)-4-[(2S)-3,3,3-三氟-2-羥基丙基]-2,4-二氫-3H-1,2,4-三唑-3-酮(II)開始,目標式(I)化合物係以4個階段製備,整體產率不超過~12%理論值。式(I-A)和(I-B)的非對映異構物係在一另外階段中,從非對映異構物混合物(I)經由非對映異構物分離法以實驗室規模獲得。式(I)化合物在WO 2016/071212係以固體形式獲得,但迄今為止尚未說明用於製備藥學上可用之結晶形式的最終階段的明定結晶方法。
以下方案2展示用於製備式(I)化合物的方法。
以下方案2:根據WO 2016/071212合成式(I)化合物。
直至並包括步驟(V)至(VII),WO 2016/071212所揭露的合成係類似於WO 2011/104322所揭露的方法。
就製備式(IV)化合物而言,5-(4-氯苯基)-4-[(2S)-3,3,3-三氟-2-羥基丙基]-2,4-二氫-3H-1,2,4-三唑-3-酮(II)係和溴乙酸甲酯(III)反應,取得甲基{3-(4-氯苯基)-5-酮基-4-[(2S)-3,3,3-三氟-2-羥基丙基]-4,5-二氫-1H-1,2,4-三唑-1-基}乙酸酯(IV)。之後,(IV)係以肼水合物轉換成2-{3-(4-氯苯基)-5-酮基-4-[(2S)-3,3,3-三氟-2-羥基丙基]-4,5-二氫-1H-1,2,4-三唑-1-基}乙醯肼(V)。(V)隨後和醯亞胺化合物(VI)反應,取得非對映異構物5-(4-氯苯基)-2-({5-[(1RS)-1-羥基乙基]-1H-1,2,4-三唑-3-基}甲基)-4-[(2S)-3,3,3-三氟-2-羥基丙基]-2,4-二氫-3H-1,2,4-三唑-3-酮(VII)的混合物。以經取代之苯基硼酸(VIII)進行的銅催化芳基偶合(陳林氏偶合("Chan-Lam coupling"))(VII)產生經取代之5-(1-羥基乙基)-1-芳基-1,2,4-三唑衍生物(I)。藉由掌性層析分離得到個別的非對映異構物5-(4-氯苯基)-2-({5-[(1S)-1-羥基乙基]-1-(R1A,R1B)-苯基-1H-1,2,4-三唑-3-基}甲基)-4-[(2S)-3,3,3-三氟-2-羥基丙基]-2,4-二氫-3H-1,2,4-三唑-3-酮(I-A)和5-(4-氯苯基)-2-({5-[(1R)-1-羥基乙 基]-1-(R1A,R1B)-苯基-1H-1,2,4-三唑-3-基}甲基)-4-[(2S)-3,3,3-三氟-2-羥基丙基]-2,4-二氫-3H-1,2,4-三唑-3-酮(I-B)。
上文概述的反應方案係說明於WO 2016/071212,如下:從式(II)化合物經由式(IV)、(V)和(VII)化合物至式(I)化合物的反應順序,分離成非對映異構物(I-A)和(I-B);參閱該案的方案2與實施例1A、2A、4A和10至83。
然而,從WO 2016/071212已知的此方法在反應方式具有各式缺點,該方式在工業規模上製備式(I)化合物具有特別不利的效應。歷經四個階段(II)至(I)的整體產率非常低,不到理論值的15%(約1.3%至13.1%)。許多步驟以極高的稀釋度進行,有極高的試劑過量情形。
WO 2016/071212中描述的合成的特別不利的方面被發現是合成步驟(VII)至(I)(銅介導的芳基偶合,陳林氏偶合),其僅以最大單離產率30%(介於3.0%和30.1%之間)進行,於是從原子經濟角度看是不利的。另一個缺點是該反應可經由與另一個環氮原子的偶合反應生成區域異構的苯基三唑衍生物(1,2,4-三唑衍生物(VII)的環互變異構作用)。此同樣對此步驟中的產率產生有害影響;此外,該區域異構產物隨後必須在另外的純化步驟中以複雜的方式除去。再者,此反應步驟對於工業規模的合成是特別不利的,因為在該反應中使用了化學計量份量的乙酸銅。這是不利的,由於監管的原因,銅鹽的剩餘量必須被去除到產品允許的最大限度以下,這意味著額外的成本和不便。而且,試劑應該可以簡單和廉價的方式獲得。
在根據WO 2016/071212的合成中,藉由掌性層析將式(I)的立體異構混合物在實驗室規模上分離成非對映異構物。此類層析分離是非常昂貴和耗時的,因此對工業規模上的合成是不利的。再者,此額外階段進一步降低了整體產率。另一個缺點是藉由WO 2016/071212中描述的方法,目標化合物不能以藥學上可用的明定晶體形式獲得。
因此,需要在工業規模上可實行的合成,以高整體產率、低生產成本和高純度可再現地提供式(I)化合物。此外需要一種在工業規模上可實行的合成,並滿足在臨床試驗中使用活性成分要遵守的所有法規要求,並可用於後續的法規提交。
出乎意料的是,現已發現製備式(I)化合物的極有效方法,該方法滿足上述要求。該新穎方法能夠有效地合成5-羥基烷基取代之1-苯基-1,2,4-三唑衍生物。
根據本發明的方法的一個重要優點是所有階段中的產率明顯增加。根據本發明的新穎方法依照方法變化型(A)在四個階段提供目標化合物(I),整體產率大於20%理論值(23.8%至53.2%)。中間物的層析純化是不必要的。於是,在替代方法變化型(B)的最後兩個階段以及甚至在另一個替代方法變化型(C)的最後三個階段可以一鍋式方法執行。以此方式,有可能實現歷經四個階段進一步提高整體產率(高達63.2%)。
下文說明的方案與方法步驟為本發明的通式(I)化合物的合成途徑,不應被視為限制。熟習此藝者將知曉以舉例方式顯示於方案3與4的轉化順序可以各種方式修改,所呈現的順序因此不應被視為限制。此外,有可能從由上述方法獲得的其他式(I)化合物或其前驅物開始,在以舉例方式說明的轉化之前及/或之後轉換個別基與取代基的官能基,尤其是該等列於R1和R2者。該等轉化係藉由熟習此藝者熟悉的常規方法執行,並且包括,舉例來說,下列反應,例如親核或親電子取代反應、過渡金屬介導的偶合反應、金屬有機基化合物(metal organyls)(譬如格林納化合物(Grignard compounds)或鋰有機基化合物)的製備和加成反應、氧化和還原反應、氫化、鹵化(譬如氟化、溴化)、脫鹵、胺化、烷基化和醯化,羧酸酯、甲醯胺和磺醯胺的形成、酯裂解和水解、和引進和脫去臨時保護基團或熟習此藝者習知的其他反應。該等轉換亦包括引進官能基的該等,其能夠進一步轉換取代基。適宜的保護基和試劑以及用於其引進和脫去的反應條件是熟習此藝者所習知的(參閱,舉例來說,T.W.Greene and P.G.M.Wuts;"Protective Groups in Organic Synthesis”,3rd Edition,Wiley 1999)。特定例子係於以下文字段落列舉。
以下方案3例示根據本發明製備(I)化合物的新穎方法。
方案3:根據本發明製備(I)化合物的方法。
其中,在合成方案3的化合物中,R1A和R1B獨立地選自由下列所構成的群組:氫、氟、氯、甲基、單氟甲基、二氟甲基、三氟甲基、乙基、甲氧基、二氟甲氧基和三氟甲氧基。
其中,較佳地,在合成方案3的化合物中,R1A和R1B獨立地選自由下列所構成的群組:氫、氟與氯,其中該取代基之至少一者非為氫。
其中,更佳地,在合成方案3的化合物中,R1A 為氫,以及R1B 為在2號位置或在3號位置的氯。
其中,最佳地,在合成方案3的化合物中,R1A 為氫,以及 R1B 為在3號位置的氯。
接下來根據方案3討論根據本發明製備式(I)化合物的方法的個別階段。同樣地討論特徵在於不單離式(XI)和(XIV)化合物的另擇方法。
就製備5-(1-羥基乙基)-1-芳基-1,2,4-三唑衍生物(I)而言,5-(4-氯苯基)-4-((2S)-3,3,3-三氟-2-羥基丙基)-2,4-二氫-3H-1,2,4-三唑-3-酮(II)係轉換成{3-(4-氯苯基)-5-酮基-4-[(2S)-3,3,3-三氟-2-羥基丙基]-4,5-二氫-1H-1,2,4-三唑-1-基}乙腈(X)(步驟1)。之後,腈化合物(X)係和甲氧化鈉反應,轉換成甲基2-{3-(4-氯苯基)-5-酮基-4-[(2S)-3,3,3-三氟-2-羥基丙基]-4,5-二氫-1H-1,2,4-三唑-1-基}乙醯亞胺酯(XI)(步驟2)。隨後經由三組分成環反應形成1,2,4-三唑環,其中亞胺酯化合物(XI)係和2-乙氧基丙醯氯(XII)與經取代之苯肼化合物(XIII)反應,獲得1-{3-({3-(4-氯苯基)-5-酮基-4-[(2S)-3,3,3-三氟-2-羥基丙基]-4,5-二氫-1H-1,2,4-三唑-1-基}甲基)-1-[(R1A,R1B)-苯基]-1H-1,2,4-三唑-5-基}乙酸乙酯(XIV)(步驟3)。之後脫去乙醯基,得到目標式(I)化合物(步驟4)。在一變化型(B)中,該方法可受保護乙酸酯(XIV)不經單離的方式執行,而直接在溶液中進一步轉換(步驟3+4)。在一另外變化型(C)中,該方法可一鍋式方法經由(X)→(XI)→(XIV)→(I)執行(步驟2+3+4);在此情況中,整體方法僅由2個分別階段構成,而非先前技術的4個階段。
一個尤其有利的特徵是根據本發明形成1,2,4-三唑環的三組分環化反應(步驟3),其能夠在一個方法步驟中引進1和5號位置的兩個環取代基,俾使此步驟實現高產率(就步驟3而言,37.0%至83.0%;就步驟3+4而言,歷經2個階段,在保護基團接附之後:36.7%至82.2%)。先前技術描述的合成(方案2)經由類似順序(V)→(VII)→(I)取得明顯較低的產率,歷經2個階段2.9%至28.9%。
另一個有利的特徵亦為根據本發明的方法的穩健性,俾使如上所述,該順序亦可以一鍋式方法(方法變化型B和C)執行,俾使中間物不需被單離,並非藉由層析純化,而是將該中間物直接投入相同反應容器及/或反應介質的後續步驟。此類一鍋式方法對於工業規模合成是特別有利的,因為此方式有可能避免額外的後處理步驟,並且實現了該方法的高整體產率。
合成方案3所述式(II)起始化合物可根據以下合成方案4製備,從市面上 購得或熟習此藝者習知的起始化合物開始:
方案4:用於製備式(II)化合物的方法
式(II)起始物質係描述於WO 2010/105770(參閱該案的方案4和5;實施例1A、2A、3A、4A和158A)和WO 2011/104322(參閱該案的方案1;實施例1A、2A、3A、4A和5A)。式(II)化合物係藉由使4-氯苯甲醯肼(XV)和乙基2-異氰酸乙酯(XVI)反應,取得乙基N-({2-[(4-氯苯基)羰基]肼基}羰基)甘胺酸酯(XVI)來獲得。後者隨後藉由鹼誘發環化反應轉換成[3-(4-氯苯基)-5-酮基-1,5-二氫-4H-1,2,4-三唑-4-基]乙酸(XVIII)。5-(4-氯苯基)-4-(3,3,3-三氟-2-酮基丙基)-2,4-二氫-3H-1,2,4-三唑-3-酮(IX)係隨後藉由和三氟乙酸酐反應且之後以氫氯酸處理來獲得。酮(IX)隨後係藉由不對稱轉移氫化作用,憑藉鏡像選擇性釕(II)催化劑轉換成掌性醇(II)。
藉由新穎的本發明合成,已有可能以極有效的方式製備目標化合物(I)。論及可擴展性和工業實現,該方法相對於先前技術提供了相當大的優點。整體產率明顯更高,相較於已公開的數據;而且,通常實現極高純度的活性成分。新穎方法的一個具體例能夠再現性地、經濟地製備在先前技術中尚未描述過的明定晶體形式。藉由本案提出的本發明方法,已經成功地生產了用於臨床試驗的數公斤材料。
在本發明上下文中的較佳鹽是根據本發明的化合物的生理上可接受的鹽(舉例來說,參閱S.M.Berge et al.,"Pharmaceutical Salts",J.Pharm.Sci. 1977,66,1-19)。然而,本發明亦涵蓋其本身不適用於藥學應用但可用於,舉例來說,根據本發明的化合物的單離或純化的鹽。
根據本發明的化合物的生理上可接受的鹽包括下列的酸式加成鹽:無機酸、羧酸和磺酸,舉例來說,鹽酸、氫溴酸、硫酸、磷酸、甲磺酸、乙磺酸、甲苯磺酸、苯磺酸、萘二磺酸、乙酸、三氟乙酸、丙酸、乳酸、酒石酸、蘋果酸、檸檬酸、富馬酸、馬來酸和苯甲酸。
本發明化合物的生理上可接受的鹽還包括常規鹼的鹽,較佳的例子是鹼金屬鹽(譬如鈉鹽和鉀鹽)、鹼土金屬鹽(譬如鈣鹽和鎂鹽)和衍生自氨或具有1至16個碳原子之有機胺的銨鹽,較佳的例子是乙胺、二乙胺、三乙胺、乙基二異丙胺、單乙醇胺、二乙醇胺、三乙醇胺、二環己胺、二甲胺基乙醇、普魯卡因、二苄胺、N-甲基嗎啉、精胺酸、離胺酸、乙二胺、N-甲基哌啶和膽鹼。
在本發明的上下文中的溶劑合物被描述為根據本發明的化合物與溶劑分子配位形成固體或液體狀態的錯合物的該等形式。水合物是溶劑合物的特定形式,其中與水配位。
式(I-A)、(XII-A)、(XIV-A)與(I-B)、(XII-B)、(XIV-B)化合物各為式(I)、(XII)與(XIV)化合物的亞群且各為關於1,2,4-三唑環的5號位置的醇基團的立體中心、或其受保護形式的鏡像異構物或非對映異構物。式(I-A)、(XII-A)與(XIV-A)化合物在本案係指定為立體中心的(S)構形,而式(I-B)、(XII-B)與(XIV-A)化合物係各指定為立體中心的(R)構形。
假使根據本發明的化合物可存在互變異構形式,則本發明涵蓋所有互變異構形式。
下列三個互變異構物代表(a)、(b)和(c)三唑衍生物係彼此等效且同義,在所有情況下都是描述1,4-二取代之三唑衍生物。
此尤其應用至下列結構元素:1H-1,2,4-三唑-3-基、1H-1,2,4-三唑-5-基、 4H-1,2,4-三唑-3-基和4H-1,2,4-三唑-5-基。Y1和Y2在本案是不同的取代基。
其中R2 為(C1-C4)-烷基,較佳為甲基,係以連續的方式,在一第一步驟
其中PG為保護基團,較佳為乙醯基,所得中間物係隨後於後續步驟反應
其中PG、R1A和R1B具有上文給定的定義後者係於後續步驟
其中R1A和R1B具有上文給定的定義。
對比於先前技術(WO 2016/071212),(I)的製備(經由(XI)+(XII)+(XIII)→(XIV)→(I),參閱方案3:步驟3+4:歷經2個階段,36.7%至82.2%)比先前技術的類似順序(參閱方案2:(V)→(VII)→(I),歷經2個階段,2.9%至28.9%)以高得更多的產率進行。
在一有利的具體例中,根據本發明的方法係在順應化學機制的多階段操作模式中,以一鍋式反應執行。
就此而言,該方法係在適宜溶劑的存在下執行,得自步驟[C-1]的中間物係隨後不經單離,亦即在溶液中,在後續步驟步驟[C-2]中轉換。
在一另外有利的具體例中,獲自步驟[C-2]的通式(XIV)之1,2,4-三唑基化合物係不經單離,亦即在溶液中,在後續步驟[D]中轉換成通式(I)化合物。
其中R2 為(C1-C4)-烷基,較佳為甲基。
在一有利的具體例中,根據本發明的方法係在順應化學機制的多階段操作模式中,以一鍋式反應執行。
就此而言,該反應係在適宜溶劑的存在下執行,得自步驟[B]的通式(XI)亞胺酯化合物係隨後不經單離,亦即在溶液中,在後續步驟[C]中轉換。
其中R2 為(C1-C4)-烷基,較佳為甲基,而且後者係於後續步驟
[C]以連續的方式,在一第一步驟
其中PG 為保護基團,較佳為乙醯基,而且所得中間物係隨後於後續步驟
其中R1A和R1B具有上文給定的定義,以及PG 為保護基團,較佳為乙醯基,而且後者係於後續步驟
其中R1A和R1B具有上文給定的定義。
較佳是用於製備式(I)化合物的方法,其特徵在於R1A和R1B獨立地選自由下列所構成的群組:氫、氟與氯,其中該取代基之至少一者非為氫。
尤其較佳的是用於製備式(I)化合物的方法,其特徵在於R1A為氫和R1B為在2號位置或在3號位置的氯。
極尤其較佳的是用於製備式(I)化合物的方法,其特徵在於R1A為氫和R1B為在3號位置的氯。
其中R2 為(C1-C4)-烷基,較佳為甲基。
本發明更提供通式(X)化合物用於製備通式(I)化合物的用途。
其中R2 為(C1-C4)-烷基,較佳為甲基。
本發明更提供通式(XI)化合物用於製備通式(I)化合物的用途。
本發明更提供通式(XIV)化合物用於製備通式(I)化合物的用途。
步驟1:用於方法步驟[A]:(II)+(IX)→(X)的適宜鹼是標準的無機或有機鹼,舉例來說且較佳的是鹼金屬碳酸鹽,例如碳酸鈉、碳酸鉀或碳酸銫,鹼金屬烷氧化物,例如三級丁醇鈉或三級丁醇鉀,或有機胺,例如N,N-二異丙基乙胺(DIPEA)和三乙胺。使用的溶劑可為惰性溶劑,舉例來說,乙腈、甲基異丁酮、二噁烷、二甲基甲醯胺,二甲基乙醯胺、N-甲基吡咯烷酮、二甲亞碸或環丁碸。較佳的是在甲基異丁酮或乙腈中使用碳酸鉀。
如果適宜,該等方法步驟可有利地藉由加入烷基化催化劑,舉例來說,溴化鋰、碘化鈉、四正丁基溴化銨或芐基三乙基氯化銨來執行。此外,可發現在長時間內測量氯乙腈或溴乙腈烷基化劑是有利的。該反應一般在 +40℃至+120℃,較佳在+60℃至+80℃的溫度範圍內進行。
該反應可在標準、升高或降低的壓力(譬如0.5至5巴)下進行;一般來說,採用標準壓力。
式(X)化合物亦可另由文獻習知的式(XX)化合物製備(參閱方案5):
方案5:
偶合反應(XX)→(XXI)[醯胺形成]可藉由在鹼的存在下、藉助縮合或活化劑的直接途徑進行,或者藉由可從(XX)獲得的碳醯氯、羧酸酯或羰基咪唑啉的中間階段進行。
適宜的此類縮合或活化劑為,舉例來說,碳二亞胺,例如N,N'-二乙基-、N,N'-二丙基-、N,N'-二異丙基-、N,N'-二環己基碳二亞胺(DCC)或N-(3-二甲基胺基丙基)-N'-乙基碳二亞胺氫氯酸鹽(EDC)、光氣衍生物,例如N,N'-羰基二咪唑(CDI)、氯甲酸異丙酯或氯甲酸異丁酯、1,2-噁唑鎓化合物,例如2-乙基-5-苯基-1,2-噁唑鎓3-硫酸鹽或2-三級丁基-5-甲基噁唑鎓過氯酸鹽、醯基胺基化合物,例如2-乙氧基-1-乙氧基羰基-1,2-二氫喹啉、α-氯烯胺,例如1-氯-N,N,2-三甲基丙-1-烯-1-胺、1,3,5-三嗪衍生物,例如4-(4,6-二甲氧基-1,3,5-三嗪-2-基)-4-甲基嗎啉鎓氯化物、磷化合物,例如正丙基膦酸酐(T3P,PPACA)、氰基膦酸二乙酯、二苯基磷醯基疊氮化物(DPPA)、雙(2-酮基-3-噁唑烷基)磷醯氯、苯并三唑-1-基氧基參(二甲基胺基)鏻六氟磷酸鹽或苯并三唑-1-基氧基參(吡咯烷代)鏻六氟磷酸鹽(PyBOP)、或脲化合物,例如O-(苯并三唑-1-基)-N,N,N',N'-四甲基脲四氟硼酸鹽(TBTU)、O-(苯并三唑-1-基)-N,N,N',N'-四甲基脲六氟磷酸鹽(HBTU)、O-(1H-6-氯苯并三唑-1-基)-1,1,3,3-四甲基脲四氟硼酸鹽(TCTU)、O-(7-氮雜苯并三唑-1-基)-N,N,N',N'-四甲基脲六氟磷酸鹽(HATU)或2-(2-酮基-1-(2H)-吡啶 基)-1,1,3,3-四甲基脲四氟硼酸鹽(TPTU),任擇地合併其另外的輔劑,例如1-羥基苯并三唑(HOBt)或N-羥基琥珀醯亞胺(HOSu),以及適宜的鹼為鹼金屬碳酸鹽,譬如碳酸鈉或碳酸鉀、或三級胺鹼,例如三乙胺、N-甲基嗎啉(NMM)、N-甲基哌啶(NMP)、N,N-二異丙基乙胺(DIPEA)、吡啶或4-N,N-二甲基胺基吡啶(DMAP)。通常,醯氯係藉由在惰性溶劑,例如二氯甲烷或N,N-二甲基甲醯胺和亞硫醯氯或草醯氯反應來製備。同樣有可能使用列示溶劑的混合物。
腈(XXI)→(X)的轉換可在脫水劑的存在下執行。典型的脫水劑為,舉例來說,三氟乙酸酐(TFAA)、五氧化二磷(P4O10)、磷醯氯(POCl3)、五氯化磷(PCl5)、CCl4-PPh3(艾波試劑(Appel’s reagent))、六甲基磷醯胺(HMPA);甲基N-(三乙基磺醯基)胺基甲酸酯(博格試劑((Burgess reagent))、(氯亞甲基)二甲基亞胺氯化物(維氏試劑(Vilsmeier reagent))、草醯氯/DMSO和亞硫醯氯(SOCl2)。
用於兩方法步驟(XX)→(XXI)和(XXI)→(X)的典型溶劑是,舉例來說,醚,例如乙醚、二噁烷、四氫呋喃、乙二醇二甲醚或乙二醇二甲醚,烴,例如苯、甲苯、二甲苯、己烷、環己烷或礦物油餾分,鹵代烴,例如二氯甲烷、三氯甲烷、四氯甲烷、1,2-二氯乙烷、三氯乙烯、或氯苯,或其他溶劑,例如丙酮、乙酸乙酯、乙腈、二甲亞碸、N,N-二甲基甲醯胺、N,N'-二甲基丙基脲(DMPU)、N-甲基吡咯烷酮(NMP)或吡啶。同樣有可能使用提及溶劑的混合物。
通常且較佳的是,使羧酸(XX)在第一步驟中,在吡啶的存在下與新戊醯氯反應,得到在後續步驟中與氨反應的中間物。通常,不單離所形成的中間物,而是在兩個階段以一鍋式反應執行該反應。就第一步驟而言,適宜的鹼較佳是吡啶、4-(N,N-二甲基胺基)吡啶或N,N-二異丙基乙胺(DIPEA)。隨後通常藉由與三氟乙酸酐的反應來致效羧醯胺(XX)轉換成腈(X)。兩個反應均在惰性有機溶劑,較佳四氫呋喃中執行。
式(XX)化合物係從文獻中習知(參閱WO 2010/105770,方案2,實施例8A和9A;和WO 2011/104322,方案11)。
步驟2:可用於在方法步驟[B]中製備亞胺酯(XI)的鹼是鹼性(C1-C4)-鹼金屬烷氧化物,舉例來說,甲氧化鈉、乙氧化鈉、丙氧化鈉、異丙氧化鈉、三級丁氧化鈉或三級丁氧化鉀。適宜的醇是下列醇,例如甲醇、乙醇、正丙醛、2-丙醛、正丁醇、2-丁醇和三級丁醇。較佳使用溶於甲醇的甲氧化鈉。
該反應一般在介於+20至+80℃,較佳+40至+60℃的溫度範圍以內進行。亞胺酯(XI)不必立即單離,而是可藉由蒸掉甲醇並將溶劑改成甲苯或四氫呋喃,直接用於後續階段。
步驟3:方法步驟[C]中的多組分環化反應係以兩階段方法進行。首先,在方法步驟[C-1]中,使亞胺酯(XI)和醯氯(XII)在鹼的存在下反應,隨後在方法步驟[C-2]中,使所得中間物和苯肼化合物(XIII)在鹼的存在下反應。通常,所形成的中間物並未單離且兩階段方法係以一鍋式反應執行。
有利地,以1莫耳式(XI)化合物為基準,醯氯(XII)在本案係以1.1至1.5莫耳的份量,較佳以1.2莫耳的份量用於步驟[C-1]中。以1莫耳式(XII)化合物為基準,鹼通常以1至2.5莫耳的份量,較佳以1.05至2.0莫耳的份量,更佳以1.05至1.5莫耳的份量用於步驟[C-1]中。
步驟[C-2]中的肼(XIII)亦可以鹽形式使用,舉例來說,以氫氯酸鹽或以對甲苯磺酸鹽(甲苯磺酸鹽)。在鹼性反應條件下,鹽形式隨後係轉換成游離肼。在此情況下,鹼的份量可相應地調整。在更有利的具體例中,肼鹽在加至分開的反應容器之前先被中和,任擇地在移除藉由過濾形成的鹽之後,所得溶液隨後以溶液加至反應混合物。
以1莫耳式(XIII)化合物為基準,鹼通常以1.05至1.5莫耳的份量,較佳以1.2至1.5莫耳的份量用於步驟[C-2]中。
就該兩步驟而言的適宜鹼通常為三級胺鹼,舉例來說,N,N-二異丙基乙胺(DIPEA)、三乙胺、三異丙胺、N-甲基咪唑、N-甲基嗎啉、吡啶與4-(二甲基胺基)吡啶。較佳的是三乙胺或N,N-二異丙基乙胺。尤其較佳的是二異丙基乙胺。
適宜的溶劑為惰性有機溶劑,舉例來說,二氯甲烷、1,2-二氯乙烷、甲基三級丁醚、四氫呋喃、1,4-二噁烷、1,2-二甲氧基甲烷、甲苯、吡啶、乙酸乙酯、乙腈或N,N-二甲基甲醯胺或該等溶劑的混合物。
較佳的是使用四氫呋喃(THF)或四氫呋喃和甲苯的混合物。
在步驟[C-1]和醯氯(XII)的反應以及在步驟[C-2]和肼(XIII)的反應係於下列範圍以內的溫度致效:自-20℃至+30℃,較佳自0℃至+10℃。就在步驟[C-2]中,去水形成三唑(環化)而言,之後使反應混合物至+20至+150℃的溫度。較佳地,該反應係於+70至+80℃的溫度執行。
步驟4:在方法步驟[D]中引進及脫去保護基團PG係藉由標準文獻方法進行[參閱,舉例來說,T.W.Greene and P.G.M.Wuts,Protective Groups in Organic Synthesis,Wiley,New York,1999]。例如,乙醯基係較佳用鹼移除,舉例來說,氫氧化鈉水溶液。
當方法步驟[D]中的保護基團脫去以氫氧化鈉水溶液執行時,後處理,舉例來說,係藉由以適宜溶劑萃取,接著重複洗滌並乾燥來執行。較佳的是以甲基三級丁醚(MtBE)萃取。
式(II)、(IX)、(XII)、(XIII)和(XX)化合物可在市面上取得或如文獻說明般取得,或彼等可以熟習此藝者顯而易見的方式、類似於已發表文獻的方法製備。用於製備起始材料的眾多詳述方法與文獻資訊亦可在實驗部分找到。
由於式(I-A-1)化合物係以錠劑形式被發展,所以對於可再現地單離呈明確定義晶形之式(I-A-1)化合物的單離化合物係有高度需求,俾使可確保可再現的生體可用率。
已出乎意料地發現式(I-A-1)化合物(5-(4-氯苯基)-2-({1-(3-氯苯基)-5-[(1S)-1-羥基乙基]-1H-1,2,4-三唑-3-基}甲基)-4-[(2S)-3,3,3-三氟-2-羥基丙基]-2,4-二氫-3H-1,2,4-三唑-3-酮
可從甲基三級丁醚/異丙醚混合物或從甲基三級丁醚/正庚烷混合物結晶出來,可再現地形成晶質多形物I(步驟5)。
步驟5:在此使式(I-A-1)化合物溶於5-至10-倍過量甲基三級丁醚(MtBE)的溶液於20至80℃,較佳於50至60℃且更佳於甲基三級丁醚的迴流溫度(約54℃)攪拌,並於此溫度和異丙醚混摻。繼續加入異丙醚,將MtBE蒸掉。在此過程中,式(I-A-1)化合物結晶出來。使該系統冷卻至0至30℃,較佳10至20℃的溫度,將結晶單離並於40至60℃,較佳於40至50℃減壓乾燥。
或者,也可能使用甲基三級丁醚/正庚烷的混合物。在此,使式(I-A-1)化合物溶於5-至10-倍過量甲基三級丁醚(MtBE)的溶液於20至80℃,較佳於50至60℃且更佳在甲基三級丁醚的迴流溫度(約54℃)攪拌,並於此溫度和1.5至2.5倍體積的正庚烷混摻,式(I-A-1)化合物結晶出來。使該系統冷卻至0至30℃,較佳10至20℃的溫度,將結晶單離並於40至80℃,較佳於40至50℃減壓乾燥。
就GMP相關的原因,可建議在加熱之前,先將MtBE中的產物溶液施以顆粒過濾。
後處理一般係藉由過濾,用異丙醚或正庚烷重複洗滌,然後乾燥來進行。
所達到的>99%之化學純度和約100%之含量係符合根據ICH指南的商業產品規範。光學純度為>>99% e.e。
該結晶方法極為可靠並以可再現的方式提供所欲的晶體形式。式(I)化合物一般是微粉化的並以藥學方式調配成錠劑。已發現該晶體形式具有非常好的穩定性性質(甚至在高濕度下),並可儲存幾個月而不失去穩定性。
本發明更提供呈多形物I晶形的式(I-A-1)化合物(5-(4-氯苯基)-2-({1-(3-氯苯基)-5-[(1S)-1-羥基乙基]-1H-1,2,4-三唑-3-基}甲基)-4-[(2S)-3,3,3-三氟-2-羥基丙基]-2,4-二氫-3H-1,2,4-三唑-3-酮。
本發明提供了呈多形物I晶形的式(I-A-1)化合物,其特徵在於該化合物的x光繞射圖具有於7.0、8.9、16.8、17.7、17.9、18.1、21.6、21.8、22.4和24.6之2θ角的峰值最大值。
本發明更提供用於製備呈多形物I晶形的式(I-A-1)化合物的方法,其特徵在於以一或多個多形物或以溶劑合物形式存在的式(I-A-1)化合物係於甲基三級丁醚/異丙醚的混合物或甲基三級丁醚/正庚烷的混合物中於20℃至 80℃的溫度攪拌,隨後過濾,洗滌並於減壓下乾燥。
用於製備呈多形物I晶形的式(I-A-1)化合物之方法的較佳溶劑是甲基三級丁醚/異丙醚的混合物或甲基三級丁醚/正庚烷的混合物。
用於製備呈多形物I晶形的式(I-A-1)化合物之方法的較佳溫度範圍是甲基三級丁醚的迴流溫度(約54℃)。
本發明更提供如上文所述的呈多形物I晶形的式(I-A-1)化合物,其係用於治療病症。
本發明更提供一種醫藥品,其包含如上文所述的呈多形物I晶形的式(I-A-1)化合物且比起如上文所述的多形物I晶形,沒有大比例的任何其他形式的式(I-A-1)化合物。本發明更提供一種醫藥品,其包含超過90重量百分比的如上文所述的呈多形物I晶形的式(I-A-1),該重量百分比係以存在的式(I-A-1)化合物的總份量為基準。
本發明更提供如上文所述的呈多形物I晶形的式(I-A-1)化合物的用途,該用途係製造用於治療心血管病症和腎臟病症之醫藥品。
本發明更提供治療心血管病症和腎臟病症的方法,該方法係藉由投予有效量之如上文所述的呈多形物I晶形的式(I-A-1)。
本發明的式(I-A-1)化合物化合物係作用為強效的雙重V1a/V2受體拮抗劑,並展現無法預見的、有價值的藥理學作用。彼等因此適宜用作治療及/或預防人類和動物疾病的醫藥品。
根據本發明的化合物-其本身或合併一或多個其他活性成分-係適用於預防及/或治療各式病症,舉例來說,心血管系統的病症(心血管病症)、用於在心臟損傷後保護心臟、和代謝性和腎臟病症。
根據本發明的化合物-其本身或合併一或多個其他活性成分-係適用於預防及/或治療各式病症,舉例來說,心血管系統的病症(心血管病症)、和腎臟病症。
根據本發明的化合物具有有價值的藥理學性質,並可用於預防及/或治療人類和動物中的各式病症和疾病相關病況。
可能的標靶指示係以舉例與較佳方式列於WO 2016/071212,第16至19頁。
適宜的組合活性成分和劑型係以舉例與較佳方式列於WO 2016/071212,第19至27頁。
圖1:呈多形物I晶形的式(I-A-1)化合物的X光繞射圖
下面的操作實施例係例示本發明。本發明不限於該等實施例。
除非另有說明,否則以下測試和實施例中的百分比為重量百分比;份是重量份。液體/液體溶液的溶劑比例、稀釋比例和濃度數據在各情況下皆以體積為基準。
儀器:Waters Acquity SQD UPLC系統;管柱:Waters Acquity UPLC HSS T3 1.8μ,50mm x 1mm;沖提液A:1公升水+0.25毫升99%甲酸,沖提液B:11乙腈+0.25毫升99%甲酸;梯度:0.0min 90% A→1.2min 5% A→2.0min 5% A;烤箱:50℃;流速:0.40毫升/min;UV偵測:208-400nm。
儀器:Thermo Scientific FT-MS;儀器UHPLC+:Thermo Scientific UltiMate 3000;管柱:Waters,HSST3,2.1 x 75mm,C18 1.8μm;沖提液A:1公升水+0.01%甲酸;沖提液B:1公升乙腈+0.01%甲酸;梯度:0.0min 10% B→2.5min 95% B→3.5min 95% B;烤箱:50℃;流速:0.90毫升/min;UV偵測:210nm/最佳整合路徑210-300nm
除另有指明外,以下的實施例與測試說明中的百分比為重量百分比;份為重量份。就液體/液體溶液而言的溶劑比例、稀釋比例及濃度數據在各情況中係以體積為基準。
在根據本發明之化合物藉由製備級HPLC藉由上述方法純化的情況中,其中沖提液含有,舉例來說,三氟乙酸、甲酸或氨之添加劑,假使根據本發明之化合物具有足夠的鹼性或酸性官能性,可獲得呈鹽形式的根據本發明之化合物,舉例來說,三氟乙酸鹽、甲酸鹽或銨鹽。此類鹽可藉由熟習此藝者所習知的各種方法轉換成對應的游離鹼或酸。
純度圖一般是以LC/MS層析圖的對應峰積分為基準,但可額外藉助1H-NMR光譜來測定。假使無指示純度時,根據LC/MS層析圖的自動峰積分,純度一般為100%,或者純度未被明確測定。
假使指出純度<100%,則以%理論值指明的產率一般已就純度做校正。在含溶劑或不純批次中,正式的產率可為">100%";在該等情況中,產率並未就溶劑或純度做校正。
在一些情況中,對於下列1H-NMR信號的偶合模式的說明係直接取自ACD SpecManager(ACD/Labs釋出12.00,產品版本12.5)的建議,不必經過嚴格檢查。在一些情況中,SpecManager的建議係手動調整。手動調整或指派的說明一般是以所涉信號的光學外觀為基準,不一定符合嚴格的、物理上正確的解讀。一般而言,指明的化學位移係指所涉信號的中心。在寬廣多重峰的情況中,給出一個區間。被溶劑或水遮蔽的信號被暫時指派,抑或未列入。舉例來說,藉由分子部分的快速旋轉或由於質子交換所造成的顯著寬廣信號係同樣被暫時指派(時常稱作寬廣多重或寬廣單一峰),或未列入。
選定實施例的1H NMR數據係以1H NMR峰列表形式註記。就各別信號峰而言,首先列示的是以ppm計的δ值且隨後在圓括號內的是信號強度。不同信號峰的δ值/信號強度數字對彼此以逗號分開列示。一實施例的峰列表因此採用下列形式:δ1(強度1),δ2(強度2),........,δi(強度i),......,δn(強度n)。
尖銳信號的強度係與NMR光譜列印例中以cm計的信號高度有關連並顯示該信號強度相對於其他信號的真實比例。在寬廣信號的情況中,數個峰或信號中點及其相對強度可顯示和光譜最強信號的比較。1H NMR峰列表係類似於常規1H NMR列印版本且於是通常含有列於常規NMR詮釋的所有峰。此外,像是常規1H NMR列印版本,彼等可顯示溶劑信號、目標化合物的立體異構物的信號,其同樣形成本發明標的物的一部分,及/或雜質峰。目標化合物的立體異構物峰及/或雜質峰相較於目標化合物的峰(舉例來說,純度>90%)通常具有平均較低強度。此類立體異構物及/或雜質可為特定製備方法所特有的。它們的峰於是可藉由參照「副產品指紋」幫助識別吾人製備方法的再現。藉由習知方法(MestreC,ACD模擬,還有以經驗評估預期值)計算目標化合物峰的專家可以-若有必要-單離目標化合物的峰,任擇地使用額外的強度過濾器。此單離將類似於常規1H NMR詮釋裡的相關峰值揀選。以峰列表形式代表的NMR數據的詳細說明可在出版品"Citation of NMR Peaklist Data within Patent Applications"找到(參閱Research Disclosure Database Number 605005,2014,1 August 2014或http://www.researchdisclosure.com/searching-disclosures)。在Research Disclosure Database Number 605005說明的峰值揀選例程中,參數「最小高度(MinimumHeight)」可設為1%與4%之間。取決於化學結構類型及/或取決於欲分析化合物的濃度,可建議將參數「最小高度」值設定為<1%。
如敘述熔點和熔點範圍,其未經校正。
下文未明確說明如何製備的所有反應物或試劑係於市面上從一般可取得來源購買。對於下文同樣未明確說明如何製備且無法在市面上購得或從非一般可取得來源獲得的所有其他反應物或試劑而言,可參照說明其製備的已出版文獻。
先將100g(0.325莫耳)5-(4-氯苯基)-4-((2S)-3,3,3-三氟-2-羥基丙基)-2,4-二氫-3H-1,2,4-三唑-3-酮(II-A)(合成說明於WO 2010/105770 A1的實施例5A)溶於1.0公升甲基異丁酮的溶液和135g(0.975莫耳)碳酸鈉一起填入,隨後使混合物加熱至60℃。之後,於此溫度,將溶於270毫升甲基異丁酮(IX)的27g(0.358莫耳)氯乙腈以6h的時間均勻地逐滴加入。使混合物於60℃再攪拌15h且隨後冷卻至20℃,加500毫升水,使混合物攪拌並移除有機相。有機相以500毫升水再次洗滌,隨後在60℃的夾套溫度、於減壓下濃縮至約250毫升體積。之後,加入250毫升正庚烷,產物結晶出來。為完成結晶,於60℃的夾套溫度,同時加入500毫升正庚烷,在減壓下蒸掉約500毫升溶劑混合物。使混合物冷卻至20℃並於此溫度攪拌一小時。將產物濾出並用正庚烷洗滌(2 x 150毫升)。使產物於40℃減壓下乾燥。產量:81g(72%理論值)固體。
MS(EIpos):m/z=347.1[M+H]+
1H-NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6):δ=3.81(dd,1H),3.98(dd,1H),4.23-4.34(m,1H),5.17(s,2H),6.91(d,1H),7.55(d,2H),7.78(d,2H)。
首先填入200g(576.9毫莫耳){3-(4-氯苯基)-5-酮基-4-[(2S)-3,3,3-三氟-2-羥基丙基]-4,5-二氫-1H-1,2,4-三唑-1-基}乙腈(X-a)作為溶於1.6公升甲醇 的溶液,並加入5.2g(28毫莫耳)甲氧化鈉(30%,溶於甲醇)。使混合物於50℃攪拌2小時,隨後於50℃的夾套溫度濃縮,以取得油狀殘餘物。加入2公升的MtBE,使混合物濃縮至體積約為0.81。隨後在攪拌的同時將溶液逐漸地計量加至4公升正己烷中。在此過程中,產物結晶出來,如同濃稠晶體懸浮液。使混合物靜置冷卻至20℃並於室溫攪拌一小時。將產物濾出並用正己烷洗滌(2 x 0.25l)。使產物於40℃減壓下乾燥。產量:175g(80%理論值)固體。
1H-NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6):δ=3.67(s,3 H),3.81(dd,1H),3.96(dd,1H),4.23-4.35(m,1 H),4.50(s,2 H),6.93(br.s,1H),7.62(d,2H),7.78(d,2H),8.01(s,1H)。
將甲基2-{3-(4-氯苯基)-5-酮基-4-[(2S)-3,3,3-三氟-2-羥基丙基]-4,5-二氫-1H-1,2,4-三唑-1-基}乙醯亞胺酯(XI-a)(164g,433毫莫耳)溶於THF(1.0公升)和甲苯(0.5公升)的混合物。將該混合物和N-乙基二異丙胺(97.8g,757毫莫耳)混合且隨後於20℃攪拌15min。之後,於0℃,將(S)-2-乙氧基丙醯氯(XII-A)(78.2g,519毫莫耳)計量加入並使混合物於0℃攪拌1h。之後,於0℃,將4-氯苯基肼氫氯酸鹽(XIII-1)(85.2g,476毫莫耳)和N-乙基二異丙胺(67.11g,519毫莫耳)溶於THF(0.5公升)的溶液計量加入,在計量添加之前,先移除沉澱的N-乙基二異丙胺氫氯酸鹽,隨後使混合物於20℃攪拌1h及於迴流溫度(約75℃)再攪拌2h。使混合物靜置冷卻至20℃並加0.75公升水至該混合物。相分離後,每次用0.5公升的1N氫氯酸溶液洗滌有機相兩 次,隨後將混合物於80℃夾套溫度、減壓下濃縮成油狀殘餘物並和每次1.0公升甲醇共蒸兩次。隨後將油狀殘餘物溶於0.6公升甲醇,於0℃加入0.5公升的1N氫氧化鈉溶液,使混合物於20℃攪拌1h。加0.75公升水與0.75公升的MtBE後,去掉有機相,每次以0.3公升半飽和氯化鈉水溶液洗滌兩次,隨後於80℃夾套溫度、減壓下濃縮至體積約為0.3公升。加入1.5公升異丙醚後,再次使混合物於80℃夾套溫度、減壓下濃縮至體積約為0.3公升,產物析出。使混合物冷卻至10℃並於此溫度攪拌一小時。將產物濾出並用0.3l異丙醚洗滌。將產物於50℃減壓乾燥。產量:200g(72%理論值)。
MS(ESIpos):m/z(%)=543.1(100)[M+H]+.
1H-NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6):δ=1.47(d,3 H),3.85(dd,1H),4.00(dd,1H),4.24-4.36(m,1 H),4.81(quin,1 H),5.07(s,2 H),5.75(d,1H),6.89(d,1H),7.54-7.66(m,5H),7.72-7.79(m,3H)。
首先進料1.373kg(3.96莫耳){3-(4-氯苯基)-5-酮基-4-[(2S)-3,3,3-三氟-2-羥基丙基]-4,5-二氫-1H-1,2,4-三唑-1-基}乙腈(X-a)作為溶於6.9l甲醇的溶液,並加入36g(0.198莫耳)甲氧化鈉(30%,溶於甲醇)。使混合物於50℃攪拌1.5小時,隨後於50℃的夾套溫度濃縮,取得仍可攪動的淤漿狀殘餘物。三次,將3.0公升甲苯加入,每次將混合物濃縮至體積為5公升。將THF(9.5公升)與甲苯(2.5公升)加至該殘餘物,於20℃添加N-乙基二異丙胺(0.896kg,6.93莫耳),使混合物於20℃再攪拌15min。之後,於0℃,將(S)-2-乙氧基丙醯氯(XII-A)(0.715kg,4.752莫耳)計量加入並使混合物於0℃攪拌1h。之後,於0℃,將4-氯苯基肼氫氯酸鹽(XIII-1)(0.78kg,4.356莫耳)與N-乙基二異丙胺(0.614kg,4.752莫耳)溶於THF(4.5公升)的溶液計量加入,在計量添加之前,先移除沉澱的N-乙基二異丙胺氫氯酸鹽,隨後使混合物於20℃攪拌1h及於迴流溫度(約75℃)再攪拌2h。使混合物靜置冷卻至20℃並加7.0公升水至該混合物。相分離後,每次用3.5公升的1N氫氯酸溶液洗滌有機相兩次,隨後將混合物於80℃夾套溫度、減壓下濃縮成油狀殘餘物並和每次13.5公升甲醇共蒸兩次。將油狀殘餘物溶於5.5公升甲醇,於0℃加入4.0公升的1N氫氧化鈉溶液,使混合物於20℃攪拌1h。加7.0公升水與7.0公升的 MtBE後,去掉有機相,每次以2.75公升半飽和氯化鈉水溶液洗滌兩次,於80℃夾套溫度、減壓下濃縮至體積約為3.0公升。加入16.0公升異丙醚後,再次使混合物於80℃夾套溫度、減壓下濃縮至體積約為6.0公升,產物析出。使混合物冷卻至10℃並於此溫度攪拌一小時。將產物濾出並每次用1.0l異丙醚洗滌兩次。將產物於50℃減壓乾燥。產量:1.680kg(78%理論值)。
純度>99%;光學純度>>99% e.e.
首先填入50g(144毫莫耳){3-(4-氯苯基)-5-酮基-4-[(2S)-3,3,3-三氟-2-羥基丙基]-4,5-二氫-1H-1,2,4-三唑-1-基}乙腈(X-a)作為溶於250毫升甲醇的溶液,並加入1.58g(7.3毫莫耳)甲氧化鈉(25%,溶於甲醇)。使混合物於50℃攪拌1.5小時,隨後於50℃的夾套溫度濃縮,取得仍可攪動的淤漿狀殘餘物。三次,每次使混合物和200毫升DMF混摻並於減壓下濃縮至乾燥。將325毫升THF加至該殘餘物,於20℃添加N-乙基二異丙胺(44毫升,253毫莫耳),使混合物於20℃再攪拌15min。之後,於0℃,將(S)-2-乙氧基丙醯氯(XII-A)(26g,173毫莫耳)計量加入並使混合物於0℃攪拌1h。之後,於0℃,將4-氯苯基肼氫氯酸鹽(XIII-1)(28.5g,159毫莫耳)與N-乙基二異丙胺(30毫升,172毫莫耳)溶於150毫升THF的溶液計量加入,在計量添加之前,先移除沉澱的N-乙基二異丙胺氫氯酸鹽。之後,使混合物於20℃攪拌30min及於迴流溫度(約75℃)再攪拌2.5h。使混合物靜置冷卻至20℃並加125毫升的MtBE與250毫升水至該混合物。相分離後,每次用125g的1N氫氯酸溶液洗滌有機相兩次,將混合物於60℃夾套溫度、減壓下濃縮成油狀殘餘物並和每次500毫升甲醇共蒸兩次。將油狀殘餘物溶於200毫升甲醇,於0℃加入35毫升的1N氫氧化鈉溶液,使混合物於20℃攪拌1h。加175毫升水與375毫升的MtBE後,去掉有機相,每次以62毫升半飽和氯化鈉水溶液洗滌兩次,於80℃夾套溫度、減壓下濃縮成油狀殘餘物。加入300毫升異丙醚後,再次使混合物於80℃夾套溫度、減壓下濃縮至體積約為150毫升,產物析出。隨後使混合物冷卻至10℃並於此溫度攪拌一小時。將產物濾出並每次用100毫升異丙醚洗滌兩次。將產物於50℃減壓乾燥。將結晶於迴流下溶於420毫升的MtBE。於50℃加入900毫升正庚烷後,產物結晶 出來。隨後使混合物冷卻至20℃並於此溫度攪拌一小時。將產物濾出,用100毫升正庚烷洗滌並於70℃減壓乾燥。產量:58g(74%理論值)。
純度>99%;光學純度>>99% e.e.
在以冰冷卻的同時,將87毫克(0.58毫莫耳)(R)-(-)-2-乙氧基丙醯氯(XII-B)逐滴加至200毫克(0.53毫莫耳)甲基2-{3-(4-氯苯基)-5-酮基-4-[(2S)-3,3,3-三氟-2-羥基丙基]-4,5-二氫-1H-1,2,4-三唑-1-基}乙醯亞胺酯(XI)和262微升(1.5毫莫耳)DIPEA溶於2毫升THF的混合物。於0℃歷時1h後,加入104毫克(0.58毫莫耳)3-氯苯基肼(XIII),隨後使混合物於RT攪拌過夜。反應混合物係藉由層析純化(製備型HPLC,沖提液:乙腈/水,梯度:0.1%甲酸)。將含有產物的分段凍乾,取得208毫克(64%理論值)標題化合物。
LC-MS(方法2):Rt=2.04min;MS(ESIpos):m/z=585.1[M+H]+
1H NMR(DMSO-d6,400MHz):δ=7.90-7.37(m,8H),6.89(d,1H),5.91(d,1H),5.09(s,2H),4.40-4.20(m,1H),4.09-3.71(m,2H),1.81(s,3H),1.56(d,3H)
使200毫克(0.34毫莫耳)得自步驟a)的化合物和溶於2.6毫升甲醇的341微升(0.34毫莫耳)1M氫氧化鈉溶液的混合物於RT攪拌30min。加入1g活性離子交換劑(Dowex 50WX8,200-400mesh)並使混合物於RT攪拌5 min。隨後將離子交換劑濾出,並用甲醇洗滌。將濾液濃縮。此取得168毫克(90%理論值)標題化合物。
LC-MS(方法2):Rt=1.85min;MS(ESIpos):m/z=543.1[M+H]+
1H NMR(DMSO-d6,400MHz):δ=7.98-7.48(m,8H),6.90(d,1H),5.76(d,1H),5.07(s,2H),4.81(t,1H),4.46-3.68(m,3H),1.47(d,3H)。
在以冰冷卻的同時,將73微升(0.58毫莫耳)(S)-(-)-2-乙氧基丙醯氯(XII-A)逐滴加至200毫克(0.53毫莫耳)甲基2-{3-(4-氯苯基)-5-酮基-4-[(2S)-3,3,3-三氟-2-羥基丙基]-4,5-二氫-1H-1,2,4-三唑-1-基}乙醯亞胺酯(XI)和262微升(1.51毫莫耳)DIPEA溶於2毫升THF的混合物中。於0℃歷時1h後,加入124毫克(0.58毫莫耳)2,4-二氯苯基肼氫氯酸鹽(XIII),隨後使混合物於RT攪拌過夜。使反應混合物於迴流加熱2h並於100℃微波加熱5h。在減壓下去掉溶劑,粗產物係藉由層析純化(製備型HPLC,沖提液:乙腈/水,梯度:0.1%甲酸)。將含有產物的分段凍乾,取得163毫克(48%理論值)標題化合物。
LC-MS(方法A):Rt=1.13min;MS(ESIpos):m/z=619.0[M+H]+
1H NMR(DMSO-d6,400MHz):δ=8.04-7.49(m,7H),6.89(d,1H),5.90-5.44(m,1H),5.10(d,2H),4.45-4.16(m,1H),4.11-3.73(m,2H),1.81(s,3H),1.53(d,3H)
使160毫克(0.26毫莫耳)得自步驟a)的化合物和溶於2毫升甲醇的258微升(0.26毫莫耳)1M氫氧化鈉溶液的混合物於0℃攪拌2min並於RT攪拌90min。加入1g活性離子交換劑(Dowex 50WX8,200-400mesh)並使混合物於RT攪拌30min。隨後將離子交換劑濾出,並用甲醇洗滌。將濾液濃縮並使殘餘物在減壓下乾燥。此取得148毫克(quant.)標題化合物。
LC-MS(方法A):Rt=1.02min;MS(ESIpos):m/z=577.1[M+H]+
1H NMR(DMSO-d6,400MHz):δ=7.92(d,1H),7.78-7.71(m,2H),7.68-7.58(m,4H),6.89(d,1H),5.52(d,1H),5.06(d,2H),4.64(s,1H),4.43-4.21(m,1H),4.08-3.72(m,2H),1.39(d,3H)
在以冰冷卻的同時,將55微升(0.44毫莫耳)(S)-(-)-2-乙氧基丙醯氯(XII-A)逐滴加至150毫克(0.40毫莫耳)甲基2-{3-(4-氯苯基)-5-酮基-4-[(2S)-3,3,3-三氟-2-羥基丙基]-4,5-二氫-1H-1,2,4-三唑-1-基}乙醯亞胺酯(XI)和207微升(1.19毫莫耳)DIPEA溶於1.5毫升THF的混合物中。於0℃歷時30min後,加入76毫克(0.44毫莫耳)2-二氟甲氧基苯基肼(XIII),隨後使混合物於RT攪拌過夜。隨後使反應混合物於100℃微波加熱3h。加幾滴水到反應混合物中,其藉由層析純化(製備型HPLC,沖提液:乙腈/水,梯度:0.1%甲酸)。將含有產物的分段凍乾,取得142毫克(58%理論值)標題化合物。
LC-MS(方法A):Rt=1.09min;MS(ESIpos):m/z=617.1[M+H]+
1H NMR(DMSO-d6,400MHz):δ=7.83-6.82(m,10H),5.69(d,1H),5.09(d, 2H),4.30(d,1H),4.07-3.77(m,2H),1.77(s,3H),1.53(d,3H)
使132毫克(0.21毫莫耳)得自步驟a)的化合物和溶於1.3毫升甲醇的214微升(0.21毫莫耳)1M氫氧化鈉溶液的混合物於0℃攪拌2min並於RT攪拌90min。加入0.5g活性離子交換劑(Dowex 50WX8,200-400mesh)並使混合物於RT攪拌30min。隨後將離子交換劑濾出,並用甲醇洗滌。將濾液濃縮並使殘餘物在減壓下乾燥。此取得117毫克(95%理論值)標題化合物。
LC-MS(方法A):Rt=0.99min;MS(ESIpos):m/z=575.3[M+H]+
1H NMR(DMSO-d6,400MHz):δ=7.75(d,2H),7.67-7.54(m,4H),7.45-6.97(m,3H),6.89(d,1H),5.48(d,1H),5.19-4.94(m,2H),4.61(quin,1H),4.30(d,1H),4.09-3.76(m,2H),1.39(d,3H)
在以冰冷卻的同時,將73微升(0.58毫莫耳)(R)-(-)-2-乙氧基丙醯氯(XII-B)逐滴加至200毫克(0.53毫莫耳)甲基2-{3-(4-氯苯基)-5-酮基-4-[(2S)-3,3,3-三氟-2-羥基丙基]-4,5-二氫-1H-1,2,4-三唑-1-基}乙醯亞胺酯(XI)和276微升(1.58毫莫耳)DIPEA溶於2毫升THF的混合物中。於0℃歷時30min後,加入101毫克(0.58毫莫耳)2-二氟甲氧基苯基肼(XIII),隨後使混合物於RT攪拌過夜。隨後使反應混合物於150℃微波加熱3h。加幾 滴水到反應混合物中,其藉由層析純化(製備型HPLC,沖提液:乙腈/水,梯度:0.1%甲酸)。將含有產物的分段凍乾,取得202毫克(62%理論值)標題化合物。
LC-MS(方法A):Rt=1.09min;MS(ESIpos):m/z=617.3[M+H]+
1H NMR(DMSO-d6,400MHz):δ=7.89-6.81(m,10H),5.79-5.59(m,1H),5.09(d,2H),4.35-4.22(m,1H),4.09-3.78(m,2H),1.76(s,3H),1.53(d,3H)
使192毫克(0.31毫莫耳)得自步驟a)的化合物和溶於1.9毫升甲醇的310微升(0.31毫莫耳)1M氫氧化鈉溶液的混合物於0℃攪拌2min並於RT攪拌90min。加入0.5g活性離子交換劑(Dowex 50WX8,200-400mesh)並使混合物於RT攪拌30min。隨後將離子交換劑濾出,並用甲醇洗滌。將濾液濃縮並使殘餘物在減壓下乾燥。此取得172毫克(96%理論值)標題化合物。
LC-MS(方法A):Rt=0.99min;MS(ESIpos):m/z=575.3[M+H]+
1H NMR(DMSO-d6,400MHz):δ=7.75(d,2H),7.68-7.53(m,4H),7.46-6.96(m,3H),6.91(d,1H),5.48(d,1H),5.06(s,2H),4.61(t,1H),4.30(d,1H),4.07-3.75(m,1H),1.39(d,1H)
在以冰冷卻的同時,將55微升(0.44毫莫耳)(S)-(-)-2-乙氧基丙醯氯(XII-A)逐滴加至150毫克(0.40毫莫耳)甲基2-{3-(4-氯苯基)-5-酮基 -4-[(2S)-3,3,3-三氟-2-羥基丙基]-4,5-二氫-1H-1,2,4-三唑-1-基}乙醯亞胺酯(XI)和207微升(1.19毫莫耳)DIPEA溶於1.5毫升THF的混合物中。於0℃歷時30min後,加入91毫克(0.44毫莫耳)2-氯-4-(三氟甲基)苯基肼(XIII)並使混合物於RT攪拌1h。隨後使反應混合物於100℃微波加熱3h。加幾滴水到反應混合物中,其藉由層析純化(製備型HPLC,沖提液:乙腈/水,梯度:0.1%甲酸)。將含有產物的分段凍乾,取得111毫克(43%理論值)標題化合物。
LC-MS(方法A):Rt=1.21min;MS(ESIpos):m/z=653.1[M+H]+
1H NMR(DMSO-d6,400MHz):δ=8.25(s,1H),8.06-7.87(m,2H),7.81-7.54(m,4H),6.89(d,1H),5.75(s,1H),5.12(d,2H),4.29(d,1H),4.07-3.77(m,2H),1.76(s,3H),1.55(d,3H)
使104毫克(0.16毫莫耳)得自步驟a)的化合物和溶於1毫升甲醇的160微升(0.16毫莫耳)1M氫氧化鈉溶液的混合物於0℃攪拌2min並於RT攪拌90min。加入0.5g活性離子交換劑(Dowex 50WX8,200-400mesh)並使混合物於RT攪拌30min。隨後將離子交換劑濾出,並用甲醇洗滌。將濾液濃縮並使殘餘物在減壓下乾燥。此取得94毫克(96%理論值)標題化合物。
LC-MS(方法A):Rt=1.06min;MS(ESIpos):m/z=611.1[M+H]+
1H NMR(DMSO-d6,400MHz):δ=8.18(s,1H),7.99-7.82(m,2H),7.75(d,2H),7.62(d,2H),6.89(d,1H),5.54(d,1H),5.08(d,2H),4.71(t,1H),4.29(d,1H),4.11-3.77(m,2H),1.41(d,3H)
在以冰冷卻的同時,將55微升(0.44毫莫耳)(S)-(-)-2-乙氧基丙醯氯(XII-A)逐滴加至150毫克(0.40毫莫耳)甲基2-{3-(4-氯苯基)-5-酮基-4-[(2S)-3,3,3-三氟-2-羥基丙基]-4,5-二氫-1H-1,2,4-三唑-1-基}乙醯亞胺酯(XI)和207微升(1.19毫莫耳)DIPEA溶於1.5毫升THF的混合物中。於0℃歷時30min後,加入70毫克(0.44毫莫耳)(2-氯-6-氟苯基)苯基肼(XIII)並使混合物於RT攪拌1h。隨後使反應混合物於100℃微波加熱3h。加幾滴水到反應混合物中,其藉由層析純化(製備型HPLC,沖提液:乙腈/水,梯度:0.1%甲酸)。將含有產物的分段凍乾,取得如同阻轉異構物混合物的139毫克(58%理論值)標題化合物。
LC-MS(方法A):Rt=1.10min;MS(ESIpos):m/z=603.1[M+H]+
1H NMR(DMSO-d6,400MHz):δ=7.82-7.50(m,7H),6.89(d,1H),5.73(d,1H),5.25-5.04(m,2H),4.43-4.19(m,1H),4.10-3.78(m,2H),1.79(s,3H),1.54(m,3H)
使129毫克(0.21毫莫耳)得自步驟a)的化合物和溶於1.3毫升甲醇的214微升(0.21毫莫耳)1M氫氧化鈉溶液的混合物於0℃攪拌2min並於RT攪拌90min。加入0.5g活性離子交換劑(Dowex 50WX8,200-400mesh)並使混合物於RT攪拌30min。隨後將離子交換劑濾出,並用甲醇洗滌。將濾液 濃縮並使殘餘物在減壓下乾燥。此取得如同阻轉異構物混合物的114毫克(95%理論值)標題化合物。
LC-MS(方法A):Rt=0.99min;MS(ESIpos):m/z=561.3[M+H]+
1H NMR(DMSO-d6,400MHz):δ=7.79-7.46(m,7H),6.89(d,1H),5.60(dd,1H),5.22-4.97(m,2H),4.84-4.55(m,1H),4.29(d,1H),4.08-3.73(m,2H),1.44-1.33(m,3H)
在以冰冷卻的同時,將55微升(0.44毫莫耳)(R)-(-)-2-乙氧基丙醯氯(XII-B)逐滴加至150毫克(0.40毫莫耳)甲基2-{3-(4-氯苯基)-5-酮基-4-[(2S)-3,3,3-三氟-2-羥基丙基]-4,5-二氫-1H-1,2,4-三唑-1-基}乙醯亞胺酯(XI)和207微升(1.19毫莫耳)DIPEA溶於1.5毫升THF的混合物中。於0℃歷時30min後,加入70毫克(0.44毫莫耳)2-氯-6-氟苯基肼(XIII),隨後使混合物於RT攪拌過夜。隨後使反應混合物於150℃微波加熱1h。加幾滴水到反應混合物中,其藉由層析純化(製備型HPLC,沖提液:乙腈/水,梯度:0.1%甲酸)。將含有產物的分段凍乾,取得如同阻轉異構物混合物的162毫克(68%理論值)標題化合物。
LC-MS(方法A):Rt=1.10min;MS(ESIpos):m/z=603.3[M+H]+
1H NMR(DMSO-d6,400MHz):δ=7.83-7.49(m,7H),6.96-6.84(m,1H),5.73(d,1H),5.13(d,2H),4.29(br.s.,1H),4.09-3.76(m,2H),1.79(d,3H),1.54(dd,3H)
使152毫克(0.25毫莫耳)得自步驟a)的化合物和溶於1.5毫升甲醇的250微升(0.25毫莫耳)1M氫氧化鈉溶液的混合物於0℃攪拌2min並於RT攪拌90min。加入0.5g活性離子交換劑(Dowex 50WX8,200-400mesh)並使混合物於RT攪拌30min。隨後將離子交換劑濾出,並用甲醇洗滌。將濾液濃縮並使殘餘物在減壓下乾燥。此取得如同阻轉異構物混合物的137毫克(95%理論值)標題化合物。
LC-MS(方法A):Rt=0.99min;MS(ESIpos):m/z=561.2[M+H]+
1H NMR(DMSO-d6,400MHz):δ=7.83-7.43(m,7H),6.90(d,1H),5.60(dd,1H),5.26-4.92(m,2H),4.84-4.54(m,1H),4.29(d,1H),4.11-3.72(m,2H),1.44-1.33(m,3H)
在以冰冷卻的同時,將55微升(0.44毫莫耳)(S)-(-)-2-乙氧基丙醯氯(XII-A)逐滴加至150毫克(0.40毫莫耳)甲基2-{3-(4-氯苯基)-5-酮基-4-[(2S)-3,3,3-三氟-2-羥基丙基]-4,5-二氫-1H-1,2,4-三唑-1-基}乙醯亞胺酯(XI)和207微升(1.19毫莫耳)DIPEA溶於1.5毫升THF的混合物中。於0℃歷時30min後,100毫克(0.44毫莫耳)4-氟-2-(三氟甲基)苯基肼(XIII)氫氯酸鹽were added並使混合物於RT攪拌3h。隨後使反應混合物於150℃微波加熱3h。加幾滴水到反應混合物中,其藉由層析純化(製備型HPLC,沖提液:乙腈/水,梯度:0.1%甲酸)。將含有產物的分段凍乾,取得129毫克(51%理論值)標題化合物。
LC-MS(方法A):Rt=1.14min;MS(ESIpos):m/z=637.3[M+H]+
1H NMR(DMSO-d6,400MHz):δ=8.05-7.54(m,7H),6.88(d,1H),5.75(s,1H),5.09(d,2H),4.38-4.18(m,1H),4.08-3.74(m,2H),1.78(br.s.,3H),1.51(d,3H)
使119毫克(0.19毫莫耳)得自步驟a)的化合物和溶於1.1毫升甲醇的187微升(0.19毫莫耳)1M氫氧化鈉溶液的混合物於0℃攪拌2min並於RT攪拌90min。加入0.5g活性離子交換劑(Dowex 50WX8,200-400mesh)並使混合物於RT攪拌30min。隨後將離子交換劑濾出,並用甲醇洗滌。將濾液濃縮並使殘餘物在減壓下乾燥。此取得110毫克(quant.)標題化合物。
LC-MS(方法A):Rt=1.03min;MS(ESIpos):m/z=595.1[M+H]+
1H NMR(DMSO-d6,400MHz):δ=7.96-7.87(m,1H),7.83-7.55(m,6H),6.89(d,1H),5.50(d,1H),5.16-4.94(m,2H),4.69-4.50(m,1H),4.28(br.s.,1H),4.07-3.75(m,2H),1.37(d,3H)
在以冰冷卻的同時,將55微升(0.44毫莫耳)(S)-(-)-2-乙氧基丙醯氯(XII-A)逐滴加至150毫克(0.40毫莫耳)甲基2-{3-(4-氯苯基)-5-酮基-4-[(2S)-3,3,3-三氟-2-羥基丙基]-4,5-二氫-1H-1,2,4-三唑-1-基}乙醯亞胺酯(XI)和207微升(1.19毫莫耳)DIPEA溶於1.5毫升THF的混合物中。於0℃歷時30min後,加入85毫克(0.44毫莫耳)2-氯-4-氟苯基肼氫氯酸鹽 (XIII)並使混合物於RT攪拌2h。隨後使反應混合物於150℃微波加熱3h。加幾滴水到反應混合物中,其藉由層析純化(製備型HPLC,沖提液:乙腈/水,梯度:0.1%甲酸)。將含有產物的分段凍乾,取得157毫克(66%理論值)標題化合物。
LC-MS(方法A):Rt=1.07min;MS(ESIpos):m/z=603.0[M+H]+
1H NMR(DMSO-d6,400MHz):δ=7.90-7.33(m,7H),6.88(d,1H),5.96-5.47(m,1H),5.10(d,2H),4.29(d,1H),4.11-3.74(m,2H),1.82(br.s.,3H),1.53(d,3H)
使152毫克(0.25毫莫耳)得自步驟A)的化合物和溶於1.5毫升甲醇的252微升(0.25毫莫耳)1M氫氧化鈉溶液的混合物於0℃攪拌2min並於RT攪拌90min。加入0.5g活性離子交換劑(Dowex 50WX8,200-400mesh)並使混合物於RT攪拌30min。隨後將離子交換劑濾出,並用甲醇洗滌。將濾液濃縮並使殘餘物在減壓下乾燥。此取得140毫克(quant.)標題化合物。
LC-MS(方法A):Rt=1.00min;MS(ESIpos):m/z=561.2[M+H]+
1H NMR(DMSO-d6,400MHz):δ=7.84-7.54(m,6H),7.42(td,1H),6.89(d,1H),5.51(d,1H),5.06(d,2H),4.72-4.51(m,1H),4.40-4.19(m,1H),4.10-3.74(m,2H),1.38(d,3H)
在以冰冷卻的同時,109毫克(0.73毫莫耳)(R)-(-)-2-乙氧基丙醯氯(XII-B)逐滴加至250毫克(0.66毫莫耳)甲基5-{3-(4-氯苯基)-5-酮基-4-[(2S)-3,3,3-三氟-2-羥基丙基]-4,5-二氫-1H-1,2,4-三唑-1-基}乙醯亞胺酯(XI)和345微升(1.98毫莫耳)DIPEA溶於2毫升THF的混合物中。於0℃歷時30min後,加入143毫克(0.73毫莫耳)2-氯-4-氟苯基肼氫氯酸鹽(XIII),隨後使混合物於RT攪拌過夜。之後使反應混合物於120℃微波加熱3h並藉由層析純化(製備型HPLC,沖提液:乙腈/水,梯度:0.1%甲酸)。將含有產物的分段凍乾,取得177毫克(44%理論值)標題化合物。
LC-MS(方法A):Rt=1.10min;MS(ESIpos):m/z=603.2[M+H]+
1H NMR(DMSO-d6,400MHz):δ=7.96-7.31(m,7H),6.89(d,1H),5.75(s,1H),5.26-4.96(m,2H),4.29(br.s.,1H),4.10-3.76(m,2H),1.82(br.s.,3H),1.53(d,3H)
使165毫克(0.27毫莫耳)得自步驟a)的化合物和溶於3.3毫升甲醇的275微升(0.27毫莫耳)1M氫氧化鈉溶液的混合物於RT攪拌30min。幾滴50%含水甲酸加至反應混合物,藉由製備型HPLC將其純化(製備型HPLC,沖提液:乙腈/水,梯度:0.1%甲酸)。將含有產物的分段凍乾,取得144毫克(93%理論值)標題化合物。
LC-MS(方法A):Rt=0.96min;MS(ESIpos):m/z=561.00[M+H]+
1H NMR(DMSO-d6,400MHz):δ=7.89-7.54(m,6H),7.42(td,1H),6.90(d,1H),5.51(d,1H),5.06(s,2H),4.72-4.51(m,1H),4.30(d,1H),4.12-3.75(m, 2H),1.38(d,3H)
在以冰冷卻的同時,將55微升(0.44毫莫耳)(S)-(-)-2-乙氧基丙醯氯(XII-A)逐滴加至150毫克(0.40毫莫耳)甲基2-{3-(4-氯苯基)-5-酮基-4-[(2S)-3,3,3-三氟-2-羥基丙基]-4,5-二氫-1H-1,2,4-三唑-1-基}乙醯亞胺酯(XI)和207微升(1.19毫莫耳)DIPEA溶於1.5毫升THF的混合物中。於0℃歷時30min後,加入107毫克(0.44毫莫耳)4-氯-2-(三氟甲基)苯基肼氫氯酸鹽(XIII)並使混合物於RT攪拌3h。隨後使反應混合物於150℃微波加熱3h。加幾滴水到反應混合物中,其藉由層析純化(製備型HPLC,沖提液:乙腈/水,梯度:0.1%甲酸)。將含有產物的分段凍乾,取得125毫克(48%理論值)標題化合物。
LC-MS(方法A):Rt=1.19min;MS(ESIpos):m/z=653.3[M+H]+
1H NMR(DMSO-d6,400MHz):δ=8.23-7.54(m,7H),6.88(d,1H),5.75(s,1H),5.22-4.96(m,2H),4.28(d,1H),4.08-3.72(m,2H),1.78(br.s.,3H),1.51(d,3H)
使129毫克(0.2毫莫耳)得自步驟a)的化合物和溶於1.2毫升甲醇的200微升(0.2毫莫耳)1M氫氧化鈉溶液的混合物於0℃攪拌2min並於RT攪拌90min。加入0.5g活性離子交換劑(Dowex 50WX8,200-400mesh)並使 混合物於RT攪拌30min。隨後將離子交換劑濾出,並用甲醇洗滌。將濾液濃縮並使殘餘物在減壓下乾燥。此取得109毫克(90%理論值)標題化合物。
LC-MS(方法A):Rt=1.08min;MS(ESIpos):m/z=611.0[M+H]+
1H NMR(DMSO-d6,400MHz):δ=8.15-7.92(m,2H),7.82-7.56(m,5H),6.89(d,1H),5.51(d,1H),5.18-4.96(m,2H),4.64(t,1H),4.29(d,1H),4.10-3.73(m,2H),1.37(d,3H)
在以冰冷卻的同時,55微升(0.44毫莫耳)(S)-(-)-2-乙氧基丙醯氯(XII-A)逐滴加至150毫克(0.40毫莫耳)甲基2-{3-(4-氯苯基)-5-酮基-4-[(2S)-3,3,3-三氟-2-羥基丙基]-4,5-二氫-1H-1,2,4-三唑-1-基}乙醯亞胺酯(XI)和207微升(1.19毫莫耳)DIPEA溶於1.5毫升THF的混合物中。於0℃歷時30min後,加入107毫克(0.44毫莫耳)2-氯-4-(三氟甲氧基)苯基肼(XIII),隨後使混合物於RT攪拌過夜。隨後使反應混合物於100℃微波加熱3h。加幾滴水到反應混合物中,其藉由層析純化(製備型HPLC,沖提液:乙腈/水,梯度:0.1%甲酸)。將含有產物的分段凍乾,取得152毫克(57%理論值)標題化合物。
LC-MS(方法A):Rt=1.23min;MS(ESIpos):m/z=669.1[M+H]+
1H NMR(DMSO-d6,400MHz):δ=8.01-7.53(m,7H),6.89(d,1H),5.92-5.60(m,1H),5.11(d,2H),4.39-4.19(m,1H),4.09-3.77(m,2H),1.77(br.s.,3H),1.54(d,3H)
使141毫克(0.21毫莫耳)得自步驟a)的化合物和溶於1.3毫升甲醇的210微升(0.21毫莫耳)1M氫氧化鈉溶液的混合物於0℃攪拌2min並於RT攪拌90min。加入0.5g活性離子交換劑(Dowex 50WX8,200-400mesh)並使混合物於RT攪拌30min。隨後將離子交換劑濾出,並用甲醇洗滌。將濾液濃縮並使殘餘物在減壓下乾燥。此取得125毫克(94%理論值)標題化合物。
LC-MS(方法A):Rt=1.11min;MS(ESIpos):m/z=627.3[M+H]+
1H NMR(DMSO-d6,400MHz):δ=7.87(d,1H),7.82-7.71(m,4H),7.67-7.51(m,4H),6.89(d,1H),5.54(d,1H),5.07(d,2H),4.75-4.58(m,1H),4.39-4.17(m,1H),4.08-3.74(m,2H),1.40(d,3H)
在以冰冷卻的同時,將73微升(0.58毫莫耳)(S)-(-)-2-乙氧基丙醯氯(XII-A)逐滴加至200毫克(0.53毫莫耳)甲基2-{3-(4-氯苯基)-5-酮基-4-[(2S)-3,3,3-三氟-2-羥基丙基]-4,5-二氫-1H-1,2,4-三唑-1-基}乙醯亞胺酯(XI)和276微升(1.58毫莫耳)DIPEA溶於2毫升THF的混合物中。於0℃歷時1h後,加入124毫克(0.58毫莫耳)2,6-二氯苯基肼(XIII)氫氯酸鹽,隨後使混合物於RT攪拌過夜。隨後使反應混合物於100℃微波加熱3h。加幾滴水到反應混合物中,其藉由層析純化(製備型HPLC,沖提液:乙腈/水,梯度:0.1%甲酸)。將含有產物的分段凍乾,取得124毫克(37%理論值)標 題化合物。
LC-MS(方法A):Rt=1.08min;MS(ESIpos):m/z=619.0[M+H]+
1H NMR(DMSO-d6,400MHz):δ=7.84-7.52(m,1H),6.89(d,1H),5.78(d,1H),5.13(d,2H),4.41-4.20(m,1H),4.11-3.70(m,2H),1.78(s,3H),1.55(d,3H)
使119毫克(0.19毫莫耳)得自步驟a)的化合物和溶於2毫升甲醇的190微升(0.19毫莫耳)1M氫氧化鈉水溶液的混合物於0℃攪拌2min並於RT攪拌90min。加入0.5g活性離子交換劑(Dowex 50WX8,200-400mesh)並使混合物於RT攪拌30min。隨後將離子交換劑濾出,並用甲醇洗滌。將濾液濃縮並使殘餘物在減壓下乾燥。此取得110毫克(quant.)標題化合物。
LC-MS(方法A):Rt=1.00min;MS(ESIpos):m/z=576.9[M+H]+
1H NMR(DMSO-d6,400MHz):δ=7.81-7.54(m,7H),6.90(d,1H),5.55(d,1H),5.19-4.96(m,2H),4.63(t,1H),4.30(d,1H),4.08-3.77(m,2H),1.41(d,3H)
在以冰冷卻的同時,將73微升(0.58毫莫耳)(R)-(-)-2-乙氧基丙醯氯(XII-B)逐滴加至200毫克(0.53毫莫耳)甲基2-{3-(4-氯苯基)-5-酮基-4-[(2S)-3,3,3-三氟-2-羥基丙基]-4,5-二氫-1H-1,2,4-三唑-1-基}乙醯亞胺酯 (XI)和276微升(1.58毫莫耳)DIPEA溶於2毫升THF的混合物中。於0℃歷時30min後,加入124毫克(0.58毫莫耳)2,6-二氯苯基肼(XIII)氫氯酸鹽,隨後使混合物於RT攪拌過夜。隨後使反應混合物於150℃微波加熱3h。加幾滴水到反應混合物中,其藉由層析純化(製備型HPLC,沖提液:乙腈/水,梯度:0.1%甲酸)。將含有產物的分段凍乾,取得151毫克(46%理論值)標題化合物。
LC-MS(方法A):Rt=1.12min;MS(ESIpos):m/z=619.2[M+H]+
1H NMR(DMSO-d6,400MHz):δ=7.83-7.56(m,8H),6.90(d,1H),5.78(d,1H),5.13(d,2H),4.42-4.12(m,1H),4.06-3.74(m,2H),1.78(s,3H),1.55(d,3H)
使141毫克(0.23毫莫耳)得自步驟a)的化合物和溶於2.4毫升甲醇的230微升(0.23毫莫耳)1M氫氧化鈉溶液的混合物於0℃攪拌2min並於RT攪拌90min。加入0.5g活性離子交換劑(Dowex 50WX8,200-400mesh)並使混合物於RT攪拌30min。隨後將離子交換劑濾出,並用甲醇洗滌。將濾液濃縮並使殘餘物在減壓下乾燥。此取得128毫克(97%理論值)標題化合物。
LC-MS(方法A):Rt=1.01min;MS(ESIpos):m/z=577.2[M+H]+
1H NMR(DMSO-d6,400MHz):δ=7.78-7.57(m,7H),6.90(d,1H),5.55(d,1H),5.08(d,2H),4.63(t,1H),4.40-4.19(m,1H),4.12-3.76(m,2H),1.41(d,3H)
在以冰冷卻的同時,將55微升(0.44毫莫耳)(S)-(-)-2-乙氧基丙醯氯(XII-A)逐滴加至150毫克(0.40毫莫耳)甲基2-{3-(4-氯苯基)-5-酮基-4-[(2S)-3,3,3-三氟-2-羥基丙基]-4,5-二氫-1H-1,2,4-三唑-1-基}乙醯亞胺酯(XI)和207微升(1.19毫莫耳)DIPEA溶於3毫升THF的混合物中。於0℃歷時30min後,加入143毫克(0.73毫莫耳)2-三氟甲氧基苯基肼(XIII)氫氯酸鹽,隨後使混合物於RT攪拌過夜。之後使反應混合物於120℃微波加熱3h並藉由層析純化(製備型HPLC,沖提液:乙腈/水,梯度:0.1%甲酸)。將含有產物的分段凍乾,取得141毫克(56%理論值)標題化合物。
LC-MS(方法A):Rt=1.14min;MS(ESIpos):m/z=635.3[M+H]+
使140毫克(0.22毫莫耳)得自步驟a)的化合物和溶於2毫升甲醇的220微升(0.22毫莫耳)1M氫氧化鈉溶液的混合物於RT攪拌60min。之後,加入17微升50%甲酸,混合物藉由層析純化(製備型HPLC,沖提液:乙腈/水,梯度:0.1%甲酸)。將含有產物的分段凍乾,取得123毫克(94%理論值)標題化合物。
LC-MS(方法A):Rt=1.04min;MS(ESIpos):m/z=593.3[M+H]+
1H NMR(DMSO-d6,400MHz):δ=7.77-7.51(m,8H),6.89(d,1H),5.54(d,1H),5.06(d,2H),4.63(t,1H),4.41-4.18(m,1H),4.07-3.77(m,2H),1.40(d,3H)
在以冰冷卻的同時,將109毫克(0.73毫莫耳)(R)-(-)-2-乙氧基丙醯氯(XII-B)逐滴加至250毫克(0.66毫莫耳)甲基2-{3-(4-氯苯基)-5-酮基-4-[(2S)-3,3,3-三氟-2-羥基丙基]-4,5-二氫-1H-1,2,4-三唑-1-基}乙醯亞胺酯(XI)和345微升(1.98毫莫耳)DIPEA溶於5毫升THF的混合物中。於0℃歷時30min後,加入166毫克(0.73毫莫耳)2-三氟甲氧基苯基肼(XIII)氫氯酸鹽,隨後使混合物於RT攪拌過夜。之後使反應混合物於120℃微波加熱3h並藉由層析純化(製備型HPLC,沖提液:乙腈/水,梯度:0.1%甲酸)。將含有產物的分段凍乾,取得167毫克(39%理論值)標題化合物。
LC-MS(方法A):Rt=1.13min;MS(ESIpos):m/z=635.3[M+H]+
1H NMR(DMSO-d6,400MHz):δ=7.83-7.48(m,8H),6.89(d,1H),5.75(d,1H),5.10(d,2H),4.41-4.20(m,1H),4.11-3.76(m,2H),1.75(s,3H),1.53(d,3H)
使158毫克(0.25毫莫耳)得自步驟a)的化合物和溶於3毫升甲醇的250微升(0.25毫莫耳)1M氫氧化鈉溶液於0℃攪拌2min並於RT攪拌90min。之後,加入19微升of50%甲酸,混合物藉由層析純化(製備型HPLC,沖提液:乙腈/水,梯度:0.1%甲酸)。將含有產物的分段凍乾,取得139毫克(94%理論值)標題化合物。
LC-MS(方法A):Rt=1.00min;MS(ESIpos):m/z=593.00[M+H]+
1H NMR(DMSO-d6,400MHz):δ=7.80-7.51(m,8H),6.90(d,1H),5.54(d,1H),5.06(s,2H),4.63(t,1H),4.39-4.21(m,1H),4.08-3.76(m,1H),1.40(d,1H)
在以冰冷卻的同時,將37微升(0.29毫莫耳)(S)-(-)-2-乙氧基丙醯氯(XII-A)逐滴加至100毫克(0.26毫莫耳)甲基2-{3-(4-氯苯基)-5-酮基-4-[(2S)-3,3,3-三氟-2-羥基丙基]-4,5-二氫-1H-1,2,4-三唑-1-基}乙醯亞胺酯(XI)和138微升(0.79毫莫耳)DIPEA溶於2毫升THF的混合物中。於0℃歷時30min後,加入53毫克(0.29毫莫耳)2,6-二氟苯基肼(XIII),隨後使混合物於RT攪拌過夜。之後使反應混合物於120℃微波加熱3h並藉由層析純化(製備型HPLC,沖提液:乙腈/水,梯度:0.1%甲酸)。將含有產物的分段凍乾,取得130毫克(83%理論值)標題化合物。
LC-MS(方法A):Rt=1.07min;MS(ESIpos):m/z=587.1[M+H]+
1H NMR(DMSO-d6,400MHz):δ=7.91-7.31(m,7H),6.89(d,1H),5.74(d,1H),5.12(d,2H),4.40-4.18(m,1H),4.09-3.74(m,2H),1.80(s,3H),1.53(d,3H)
使120毫克(0.20毫莫耳)得自步驟a)的化合物和溶於2毫升甲醇的 200微升(0.20毫莫耳)1M氫氧化鈉溶液的混合物於RT攪拌60min。之後,加入16微升50%甲酸,混合物藉由層析純化(製備型HPLC,沖提液:乙腈/水,梯度:0.1%甲酸)。將含有產物的分段凍乾,取得110毫克(99%理論值)標題化合物。
LC-MS(方法A):Rt=0.97min;MS(ESIpos):m/z=545.2[M+H]+
1H NMR(DMSO-d6,400MHz):δ=7.86-7.57(m,5H),7.38(s,2H),6.89(d,1H),5.63(d,1H),5.08(s,2H),4.74(t,1H),4.30(d,1H),4.11-3.71(m,2H),1.39(d,3H)
在以冰冷卻的同時,將37微升(0.29毫莫耳)(S)-(-)-2-乙氧基丙醯氯(XII-A)逐滴加至100毫克(0.26毫莫耳)甲基2-{3-(4-氯苯基)-5-酮基-4-[(2S)-3,3,3-三氟-2-羥基丙基]-4,5-二氫-1H-1,2,4-三唑-1-基}乙醯亞胺酯(XI)和138微升(0.79毫莫耳)DIPEA溶於2毫升THF的混合物中。於0℃待30min後,加入53毫克(0.29毫莫耳)4-氯-2-(三氟甲氧基)苯基肼,隨後使混合物於RT攪拌過夜。之後使反應混合物於120℃微波加熱3h並藉由層析純化(製備型HPLC,沖提液:乙腈/水,梯度:0.1%甲酸)。將含有產物的分段凍乾,取得76毫克(43%理論值)標題化合物。
LC-MS(方法A):Rt=1.17min;MS(ESIpos):m/z=669.1[M+H]+
1H NMR(DMSO-d6,400MHz):δ=8.01-7.53(m,7H),6.88(d,1H),5.74(d,1H),5.10(d,2H),4.29(d,1H),4.10-3.75(m,2H),1.79(s,3H),1.53(d,3H)
使70毫克(0.10毫莫耳)得自步驟a)的化合物和溶於1毫升甲醇的105微升(0.10毫莫耳)1M氫氧化鈉溶液的混合物於RT攪拌30min。之後,加入8微升50%甲酸,混合物藉由層析純化(製備型HPLC,沖提液:乙腈/水,梯度:0.1%甲酸)。將含有產物的分段凍乾,取得59毫克(90%理論值)標題化合物。
LC-MS(方法A):Rt=1.12min;MS(ESIpos):m/z=627.3[M+H]+
1H NMR(DMSO-d6,400MHz):δ=7.87-7.56(m,7H),6.92-6.85(m,1H),5.55(d,1H),5.20-4.96(m,2H),4.68(t,1H),4.29(d,1H),4.10-3.73(m,1H),1.40(d,1H)
在以冰冷卻的同時,將5.2毫升(41.0毫莫耳)(S)-(-)-2-乙氧基丙醯氯(XII-A)逐滴加至14.1g(37.3毫莫耳)甲基2-{3-(4-氯苯基)-5-酮基-4-[(2S)-3,3,3-三氟-2-羥基丙基]-4,5-二氫-1H-1,2,4-三唑-1-基}乙醯亞胺酯(XI)和32.5毫升(41.0毫莫耳)DIPEA溶於303毫升THF的混合物中。於0℃待1.5h後,加入7.35毫克(0.44毫莫耳)2-氯苯基肼(XIII)氫氯酸鹽並使混合物於RT攪拌1.5h。隨後使反應混合物於100℃微波加熱10h。隨後使反應混合物與水和乙酸乙酯混合並劇烈攪拌。層分離。水相用乙酸乙酯萃取。有機相用飽和氯化銨水溶液洗滌、用硫酸鎂乾燥並在減壓下濃縮。殘餘物藉由層析純化(矽膠,沖提液:環己烷/乙酸乙酯梯度)。藉由旋轉蒸發將含有產物的分段濃縮取得10.4毫克(47%理論值)標題化合物。
LC-MS(方法A):Rt=1.09min;MS(ESIpos):m/z=585.2[M+H]+
1H NMR(DMSO-d6,400MHz):δ=7.84-7.49(m,8H),6.89(d,1H),5.75(br.s,1H),5.22-5.00(m,2H),4.4-3.70(m,3H),1.77(br s,3H),1.58-1.44(m,3H)
使10.4g(17.7毫莫耳)得自步驟a)的化合物和溶於110毫升甲醇/水混合物(10:1)之混合物的2.84g(35.5毫莫耳)50%氫氧化鈉水溶液於0℃攪拌2min並於RT攪拌1h。將混合物加至水並用1N氫氯酸溶液調成pH 7。水相用MTBE萃取。有機相用飽和氯化鈉水溶液洗滌、用硫酸鎂乾燥並在減壓下濃縮。此取得10.6g(quant.)標題化合物。
LC-MS(方法2):Rt=1.75min;MS(ESIpos):m/z=543.1[M+H]+
1H NMR(DMSO-d6,400MHz):δ=7.94-7.35(m,8H),6.89(d,1H),5.50(d,1H),5.07(d,2H),4.69-3.70(m,4H),1.38(d,3H)
1.09g(7.3毫莫耳)(R)-(-)-2-乙氧基丙醯氯(XII-B)逐滴加至2.5g(6.6毫莫耳)甲基2-{3-(4-氯苯基)-5-酮基-4-[(2S)-3,3,3-三氟-2-羥基丙基]-4,5-二氫-1H-1,2,4-三唑-1-基}乙醯亞胺酯(XI)和4.6毫升(26.4毫莫耳)DIPEA溶於65毫升二噁烷的混合物中。於RT 30min後,加入1.3g(7.3毫莫耳)2-氯苯基肼(XIII)。使反應混合物於RT攪拌2h並於迴流攪拌過夜。將反應混合物濃縮並藉由層析純化(矽膠,沖提液:環己烷/乙酸乙酯梯度)。藉由旋轉蒸發將含有產物的分段濃縮取得2.87g(74%理論值)標題化合物。
LC-MS(方法A):Rt=1.12min;MS(ESIpos):m/z=585.2[M+H]+
1H NMR(DMSO-d6,400MHz):δ=7.90-7.45(m,8H),6.89(d,1H),5.86-5.53(m,1H),5.11(d,2H),4.37-4.22(m,1H),4.11-3.78(m,2H),1.77(br s,3H),1.53(d,3H)
使2.94g(5.0毫莫耳)得自步驟a)的化合物和溶於52毫升甲醇的30毫克(0.27毫莫耳)碳酸銫的混合物於RT攪拌過夜。將反應混合物濃縮。將殘餘物溶於乙酸乙酯,並用1N氫氯酸溶液及隨後用飽和氯化鈉水溶液洗滌。有機相用硫酸鎂乾燥並在減壓下濃縮。此取得2.63g(96%理論值)標題化合物。
LC-MS(方法1):Rt=0.94min;MS(ESIpos):m/z=543.0[M+H]+
1H NMR(DMSO-d6,400MHz):δ=7.93-7.42(m,8H),6.90(d,1H),5.50(br d,1H),5.07(s,2H),4.59(br s,1H),4.30(br d,1H),4.13-3.76(m,2H),1.38(d,3H)
Claims (15)
- 一種製備式(I)化合物的方法,其包含步驟[C]和[D],其中[C]通式(XI)化合物
- 根據請求項1的方法,其特徵在於該方法係以一鍋式反應在適宜溶劑的存在下執行,且得自步驟[C-1]的中間物係隨後不經單離,亦即在溶液中,在後續步驟[C-2]中轉換。
- 根據請求項1和2中任一項的方法,其特徵在於該方法係以一鍋式反應在適宜溶劑的存在下執行,且獲自步驟[C-2]的通式(XIV)之1,2,4-三唑基化合物係不經單離,亦即在溶液中,在後續步驟[D]中轉換成通式(I)化合物。
- 根據請求項1和2中任一項的方法,其特徵在於R1A和R1B獨立地選自由下列所構成的群組:氫、氟與氯,其中該取代基之至少一者不為氫。
- 根據請求項1和2中任一項的方法,其特徵在於該方法係以一鍋式反應在適宜溶劑的存在下執行,且得自步驟[B]的通式(XI)亞胺酯化合物係隨後不經單離,亦即在溶液中,在後續步驟[C]中轉換。
- 根據請求項8之呈晶形的式(I-A-1)化合物或其溶劑合物,其中該x光繞射圖係使用具有波長1.54060Å的Cu K α1輻射所記錄。
- 一種醫藥品,其包含根據請求項8之呈晶形的式(I-A-1)化合物或其溶劑合物。
- 一種醫藥品,其包含超過90重量百分比的根據請求項8之呈晶形的式(I-A-1)化合物或其溶劑合物,該重量百分比係以存在的所有形式的式(I-A-1)化合物的總份量為基準。
- 一種根據請求項8之呈晶形的式(I-A-1)化合物或其溶劑合物用於製造治療心血管病症或腎臟病症之醫藥品的用途。
- 一種用於製備呈晶形的式(I-A-1)之(5-(4-氯苯基)-2-({1-(3-氯苯基)-5-[(1S)-1-羥基乙基]-1H-1,2,4-三唑-3-基}甲基)-4-[(2S)-3,3,3-三氟-2-羥基丙基]-2,4-二氫-3H-1,2,4-三唑-3-酮或其溶劑合物的方法,其特徵在於以一或多個多形物或以溶劑合物形式存在的式(I-A-1)化合物係在甲基三級丁醚/異丙醚或甲基三級丁醚/正庚烷的混合物中,於20℃至80℃ 溫度攪拌,隨後過濾、洗滌並於減壓下乾燥。
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