EP2964827A2 - Belüftungseinsatz - Google Patents
BelüftungseinsatzInfo
- Publication number
- EP2964827A2 EP2964827A2 EP14712596.7A EP14712596A EP2964827A2 EP 2964827 A2 EP2964827 A2 EP 2964827A2 EP 14712596 A EP14712596 A EP 14712596A EP 2964827 A2 EP2964827 A2 EP 2964827A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- ventilation
- layer
- ventilation insert
- acid
- absorbent material
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 163
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 95
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000000080 wetting agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000003999 initiator Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 claims description 60
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 claims description 60
- -1 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 claims description 45
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000004971 Cross linker Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Propenoic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxy-5-methylphenyl)ethanamine Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C)C=C1CCN SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 claims description 9
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 claims description 6
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N Fumaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C\C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methacrylic acid Chemical compound CC(=C)C(O)=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000003077 polyols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000003460 sulfonic acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-butenedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920000297 Rayon Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000002763 monocarboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004760 aramid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003851 corona treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000002170 ethers Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009832 plasma treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920002818 (Hydroxyethyl)methacrylate Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- MFXRVGGDZXYMRW-ONEGZZNKSA-N (e)-4-[2-(dimethylazaniumyl)ethoxy]-4-oxobut-2-enoate Chemical compound CN(C)CCOC(=O)\C=C\C(O)=O MFXRVGGDZXYMRW-ONEGZZNKSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- WBYWAXJHAXSJNI-VOTSOKGWSA-M .beta-Phenylacrylic acid Natural products [O-]C(=O)\C=C\C1=CC=CC=C1 WBYWAXJHAXSJNI-VOTSOKGWSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- OZFIGURLAJSLIR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethenyl-2h-pyridine Chemical compound C=CN1CC=CC=C1 OZFIGURLAJSLIR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- OSSNTDFYBPYIEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethenylimidazole Chemical compound C=CN1C=CN=C1 OSSNTDFYBPYIEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- JAHNSTQSQJOJLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-fluorophenyl)-1h-imidazole Chemical compound FC1=CC=CC(C=2NC=CN=2)=C1 JAHNSTQSQJOJLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- SJIXRGNQPBQWMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(diethylamino)ethyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCN(CC)CCOC(=O)C(C)=C SJIXRGNQPBQWMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- JKNCOURZONDCGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(dimethylamino)ethyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CN(C)CCOC(=O)C(C)=C JKNCOURZONDCGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- MZGMQAMKOBOIDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[2-(2-hydroxyethoxy)ethoxy]ethyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OCCOCCOCCO MZGMQAMKOBOIDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- ZJZYBKKVAWBRMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[bis(2-hydroxyethyl)amino]ethanol;methane Chemical compound C.OCCN(CCO)CCO ZJZYBKKVAWBRMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- SQVSEQUIWOQWAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-hydroxy-3-(2-methylprop-2-enoyloxy)propane-1-sulfonic acid Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OCC(O)CS(O)(=O)=O SQVSEQUIWOQWAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- MNZNJOQNLFEAKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-morpholin-4-ylethyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OCCN1CCOCC1 MNZNJOQNLFEAKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000003903 2-propenyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])=C([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 3
- KGIGUEBEKRSTEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-vinylpyridine Chemical class C=CC1=CC=CC=N1 KGIGUEBEKRSTEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- GNSFRPWPOGYVLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-hydroxypropyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OCCCO GNSFRPWPOGYVLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 244000198134 Agave sisalana Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000017166 Bambusa arundinacea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000017491 Bambusa tulda Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bisulfite Chemical class OS([O-])=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- CAQWNKXTMBFBGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N C.[Na] Chemical compound C.[Na] CAQWNKXTMBFBGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000012766 Cannabis sativa ssp. sativa var. sativa Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000012765 Cannabis sativa ssp. sativa var. spontanea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- WBYWAXJHAXSJNI-SREVYHEPSA-N Cinnamic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C/C1=CC=CC=C1 WBYWAXJHAXSJNI-SREVYHEPSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 240000000797 Hibiscus cannabinus Species 0.000 claims description 3
- WOBHKFSMXKNTIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydroxyethyl methacrylate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OCCO WOBHKFSMXKNTIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- KHRIPQMMFOGLOF-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-dimethylmethanamine methane Chemical compound C.CN(C)C KHRIPQMMFOGLOF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- WHNWPMSKXPGLAX-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Vinyl-2-pyrrolidone Chemical compound C=CN1CCCC1=O WHNWPMSKXPGLAX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002292 Nylon 6 Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 244000082204 Phyllostachys viridis Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000015334 Phyllostachys viridis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004642 Polyimide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004734 Polyphenylene sulfide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propanedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000008065 acid anhydrides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920003235 aromatic polyamide Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011425 bamboo Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000009120 camo Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000001734 carboxylic acid salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000005607 chanvre indien Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 229930016911 cinnamic acid Natural products 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000013985 cinnamic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- LDHQCZJRKDOVOX-NSCUHMNNSA-N crotonic acid Chemical compound C\C=C\C(O)=O LDHQCZJRKDOVOX-NSCUHMNNSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000004985 dialkyl amino alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- MSJMDZAOKORVFC-UAIGNFCESA-L disodium maleate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C(=O)\C=C/C([O-])=O MSJMDZAOKORVFC-UAIGNFCESA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- BEFDCLMNVWHSGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenylcyclopentane Chemical compound C=CC1CCCC1 BEFDCLMNVWHSGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001530 fumaric acid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011487 hemp Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000002440 hydroxy compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 claims description 3
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N maleic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C/C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011976 maleic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N maleic anhydride Chemical compound O=C1OC(=O)C=C1 FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000005395 methacrylic acid group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- WBYWAXJHAXSJNI-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl p-hydroxycinnamate Natural products OC(=O)C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 WBYWAXJHAXSJNI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- LVHBHZANLOWSRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylenebutanedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)CC(=C)C(O)=O LVHBHZANLOWSRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002239 polyacrylonitrile Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001707 polybutylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001721 polyimide Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000069 polyphenylene sulfide Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- HJWLCRVIBGQPNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N prop-2-enylbenzene Chemical compound C=CCC1=CC=CC=C1 HJWLCRVIBGQPNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000003242 quaternary ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004334 sorbic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000010199 sorbic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940075582 sorbic acid Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- LDHQCZJRKDOVOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-crotonic acid Natural products CC=CC(O)=O LDHQCZJRKDOVOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 210000002268 wool Anatomy 0.000 claims description 3
- HLCFBJTXGNRKLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-dihydroxy-2-methylpent-2-enamide Chemical compound CCC=C(C)C(=O)N(O)O HLCFBJTXGNRKLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- AJURYMCOXVKKFB-UHFFFAOYSA-M trimethyl(3-prop-2-enoyloxypropyl)azanium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].C[N+](C)(C)CCCOC(=O)C=C AJURYMCOXVKKFB-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- XXROGKLTLUQVRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N allyl alcohol Chemical compound OCC=C XXROGKLTLUQVRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000003431 cross linking reagent Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 58
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 39
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 description 26
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 14
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 13
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 13
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium hydroxide Inorganic materials [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 12
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium hydroxide Inorganic materials [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 10
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000011162 core material Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000002346 layers by function Substances 0.000 description 9
- ISAOCJYIOMOJEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzoin Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(O)C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 ISAOCJYIOMOJEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 8
- WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M Lithium hydroxide Chemical compound [Li+].[OH-] WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene glycol Chemical compound CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000012782 phase change material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 6
- 244000028419 Styrax benzoin Species 0.000 description 5
- 235000000126 Styrax benzoin Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 235000008411 Sumatra benzointree Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- MQDJYUACMFCOFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis[2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)phenyl]methanone Chemical class C=1C=CC=C(C(=O)C=2C(=CC=CC=2)C2(O)CCCCC2)C=1C1(O)CCCCC1 MQDJYUACMFCOFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 235000019382 gum benzoic Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 5
- XMLYCEVDHLAQEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-hydroxy-2-methyl-1-phenylpropan-1-one Chemical compound CC(C)(O)C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 XMLYCEVDHLAQEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 229960002130 benzoin Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 4
- STVZJERGLQHEKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethylene glycol dimethacrylate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OCCOC(=O)C(C)=C STVZJERGLQHEKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000009958 sewing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 4
- KOMNUTZXSVSERR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3,5-tris(prop-2-enyl)-1,3,5-triazinane-2,4,6-trione Chemical compound C=CCN1C(=O)N(CC=C)C(=O)N(CC=C)C1=O KOMNUTZXSVSERR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- GJKGAPPUXSSCFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Hydroxy-4'-(2-hydroxyethoxy)-2-methylpropiophenone Chemical compound CC(C)(O)C(=O)C1=CC=C(OCCO)C=C1 GJKGAPPUXSSCFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 3
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000012965 benzophenone Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 description 3
- QYZFTMMPKCOTAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-[2-(2-hydroxyethylamino)ethyl]-2-[[1-[2-(2-hydroxyethylamino)ethylamino]-2-methyl-1-oxopropan-2-yl]diazenyl]-2-methylpropanamide Chemical compound OCCNCCNC(=O)C(C)(C)N=NC(C)(C)C(=O)NCCNCCO QYZFTMMPKCOTAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000013022 venting Methods 0.000 description 3
- OXRSCXFOUBLJAR-ODZAUARKSA-N (z)-but-2-enedioic acid;methanamine Chemical compound NC.OC(=O)\C=C/C(O)=O OXRSCXFOUBLJAR-ODZAUARKSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BCWCEHMHCDCJAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-bis(4-methylphenyl)ethane-1,2-dione Chemical compound C1=CC(C)=CC=C1C(=O)C(=O)C1=CC=C(C)C=C1 BCWCEHMHCDCJAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000012956 1-hydroxycyclohexylphenyl-ketone Substances 0.000 description 2
- XFCMNSHQOZQILR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[2-(2-methylprop-2-enoyloxy)ethoxy]ethyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OCCOCCOC(=O)C(C)=C XFCMNSHQOZQILR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DXLZNKULUVFFFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-aminoethyl prop-2-enoate;hydrochloride Chemical compound Cl.NCCOC(=O)C=C DXLZNKULUVFFFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XRXANEMIFVRKLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-hydroperoxy-2-methylbutane Chemical compound CCC(C)(C)OO XRXANEMIFVRKLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BYDRTKVGBRTTIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylprop-2-en-1-ol Chemical compound CC(=C)CO BYDRTKVGBRTTIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KFNGWPXYNSJXOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(2-methylprop-2-enoyloxy)propane-1-sulfonic acid Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OCCCS(O)(=O)=O KFNGWPXYNSJXOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LUJMEECXHPYQOF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-hydroxyacetophenone Chemical compound CC(=O)C1=CC=CC(O)=C1 LUJMEECXHPYQOF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- TXFPEBPIARQUIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4'-hydroxyacetophenone Chemical compound CC(=O)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 TXFPEBPIARQUIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NPFYZDNDJHZQKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-Hydroxybenzophenone Chemical compound C1=CC(O)=CC=C1C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 NPFYZDNDJHZQKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DBCAQXHNJOFNGC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-bromo-1,1,1-trifluorobutane Chemical compound FC(F)(F)CCCBr DBCAQXHNJOFNGC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 description 2
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-FSIIMWSLSA-N D-Glucitol Natural products OC[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-FSIIMWSLSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-JGWLITMVSA-N D-glucitol Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-JGWLITMVSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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Definitions
- the invention relates to a ventilation insert for arrangement in or on textiles.
- the invention further relates to a process for the preparation of
- Ventilation insert and its use as a moisture regulator and / or climate regulator.
- a ventilation insert of the type mentioned is already known from the prior art.
- Such ventilation inserts usually have a layered structure of several layers.
- EP 1 921 939 B1 shows a ventilation insert which consists of three layers.
- One layer forms a core element, which is enclosed on both sides by two further functional layers in each case.
- the two functional layers are bonded together by gluing or sewing the two outer edges of the ventilation insert so that the swellable material is loosely and freely disposed between the functional layers.
- the core element is a swellable material or a vapor absorbent.
- the core material may be bonded by a binder to either or both of the layers. If the fixation of the swellable material by means of a binder, the weight per unit area of the ventilation insert is significantly increased.
- the core element is arranged without fixation by means of a binder between the two functional layers, the core element can swell freely and absorb a large amount of liquid. This has the consequence that the volume and the weight of the core element increase significantly.
- a limitation of the basis weight is effected by the two functional layers, which are connected at a certain distance from each other and are homogeneously spaced.
- a ventilation insert which consists of seven layers. Three layers form a core element, which is enclosed on both sides by two further functional layers.
- the core element has two air-permeable layers which enclose a swellable material.
- the other functional layers are the
- the ventilation inserts in the document described above have a large height or thickness and a high basis weight and are stiff and inflexible. This makes it difficult
- the invention is therefore the object of a ventilation insert of the type mentioned in such a way and further, that this has a low thickness and low weight per unit area with high flexibility after cost-effective production and moisture-independent, can be formed in one layer, self-sealing vents closes and that Absorbent absorbent material includes.
- the present invention achieves the aforementioned object by the features of patent claim 1.
- the aforementioned ventilation insert is characterized in that the absorbent material is at least partially bonded cohesively to the location.
- Closing or self-sealing takes place in such a way that due to its swelling, the absorption material completely or partially fills the ventilation openings and seals them against the passage of liquids and / or gases, preferably against the passage of water and / or air.
- An absorbent material according to the invention is a swellable, preferably liquid-swellable, in particular water-swellable material, which can preferably absorb at least about 10 times, in particular about 20 times and preferably about 50 or more times its own weight of liquid.
- Absorbent material is basically suitable for receiving any liquids.
- Preferred liquids are water, aqueous salt solutions, rainwater, condensed water, blood and / or urine.
- the absorbent material is water-insoluble.
- the layer according to the invention is a textile layer. This allows easy processing of the ventilation insert, in particular during sewing and bonding.
- a single-layer construction is possible due to the cohesive bonding. It is also advantageous that the ventilation insert is particularly flexible and movable due to its single-layer construction and has a small thickness.
- the absorbent material stabilizes the layer and no additional reinforcing element is necessary.
- the absorption material is used as a binder.
- variable setting allows the amount of
- Absorbent material by partially or completely covering the layer with the absorbent material, regulating the absorption capacity of the ventilation insert to liquid. This can be an optimal
- Moisture regulation can be achieved with sufficient air circulation and the weight and volume increase can be minimized with a suitable setting.
- fibers of the layer are partially or completely with the
- the absorbent material is applied as a firmly adhering layer on the surface of the fibers.
- a coating can be a thin or thick layer that surrounds or envelops the fiber throughout. This allows for good adhesion between absorbent material and the fibers of the layer. Furthermore, the thickness of the layer of absorbent material can be optimally adjusted. Consequently, the object mentioned above is achieved.
- the absorption material could be free of covering, that is to say that the absorption material is not covered by a covering layer. This allows a quick fluid intake, since a passage of the liquid through the carrier or cover layer is eliminated.
- the absorption material used according to the invention is able to close the ventilation openings on contact with liquid due to a change in shape, in particular a swelling and an increase in volume.
- the ventilation insert could change its thickness by 0 to 20-fold, preferably by 2 to 12-fold, in particular by 3 to 10-fold increase in fluid intake.
- the thickness was gem. DIN EN 9073-2 determined. This is possible because the liquid in the position can be absorbed homogeneously due to the material-locking connection.
- the layer could be configured as a nonwoven, nonwoven, woven, knitted or scrim.
- a ventilation insert is obtained with a particularly flat structure and the ventilation insert is easily deformed. This facilitates further processing of the ventilation insert.
- a nonwoven fabric is preferably used. This could be mechanically, chemically and / or thermally solidified. Mechanical solidification can be achieved by means of needle technique or by entangling fibers of the layer by means of water jets and / or air. This produces a particularly soft product with a low basis weight.
- Ventilation insert used mixture.
- the layer contains fibers selected from the group consisting of: polyolefin, in particular polyphenylene sulfide, polyester, especially polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate; Polyamide, in particular polyamide 6.6 (nylon ® ) -, polyamide 6.0 (Perlon ® ) -; Polyvinyl chloride, polyacrylonitrile, polyimide,
- the layer particularly preferably contains fibers selected from the group consisting of: polyethylene, polypropylene, polyamide, poly-p-phenylene terephthalamide, poly-m-phenylene terephthalamide, cotton, viscose fibers and mixtures thereof.
- the layer has ventilation openings.
- the vents could be formed by being able to, especially due to the fiber structure, existing pores.
- Particularly preferred is a layer with a porosity gem.
- ISO 8971-4 in the range of 50 to 95%, in particular in the range of 80 to 90%. It is also conceivable that the ventilation openings can be introduced by forming recesses and / or passages. Through the ventilation openings, the absorption material can after
- Fluid intake according to the geometry of the ventilation openings extend spatially limited and the weight and volume increase of the ventilation insert can be varied.
- vents could be statistically distributed. This allows a quick fluid intake in the situation.
- a local fluid intake takes place inside the ventilation opening directly at the point of penetration of the fluid.
- the ventilation openings could have a regular geometric structure. In this case, capillary effects occur, which lead to a very rapid fluid absorption in the situation.
- the ventilation insert could be made thin. So could the
- Ventilation insert a thickness according to DIN EN 9073-2 from 20 to 10,000 [im, preferably from 100 to 7000 ⁇ , in particular from 300 to 4000 pm have. This allows the use of a tailor made
- Ventilation use in view of a variety of applications, especially for applications where the space or space available is limited.
- the basis weight can vary widely.
- the ventilation insert has a basis weight according to DIN EN 29073-1 of 5 to 600 g / m 2 , preferably from 30 to 400 g / m 2 , in particular from 50 to 200 g / m 2 . Ventilation inserts with such basis weights have excellent stability.
- the ventilation insert has a bubble point according to DIN ISO 2942 in the range from 10 to 2500 mbar, preferably in the range from 100 to 1500 mbar, in particular in the range from 500 to 1000 mbar.
- Bubble point is the pressure needed to force air through the swollen vent liner.
- the ventilation openings are closed as quickly and completely as possible due to the swelling of the absorption material. There is a good seal against further penetrating liquid instead.
- the ventilation insert could be in a range of 0.1 to 1 bar, preferably from 0.2 to 0.9 bar, in particular from 0.3 to 0.8 bar, waterproof.
- the water permeability is determined with a water transmission device according to the Pfaff method. It will be three round Test samples with a diameter of 12.5 cm punched out of the ventilation insert according to the invention. The measurements are carried out at a temperature in the range of 18 to 25 ° C and at a pressure of 1 bar.
- the water outlet device is filled with permeate (water) through a filling opening up to the upper edge of the seal. Subsequently, the test sample is fixed by means of a clamp on the water passage device. At the beginning of the measurement, a compressed air valve on the water outlet device is closed. Now that will be
- Air valve slowly opened.
- the compressed air valve remains open until the first drops of water pass through the test sample.
- the penetrating drops of water are wiped off on the opposite side of the sample.
- the compressed air is slowly increased to 0.1 bar. Now the water permeability at 0.1 bar is determined for ten minutes. If no drops of water have passed through the sample, the sample is waterproof at this pressure. Subsequently, the compressed air is always increased in increments of 0.1 to determine the pressure at which water passes through the test sample.
- Such a ventilation insert is characterized by a rapid closing of the ventilation openings.
- the ventilation insert described here preferably has one
- the absorption material is chosen such that it is capable of the liquid under a Volume decrease again, whereby by evaporation of the
- the partially closed vents can be released again, preferably at a temperature in the range -20 to 70 ° C and a pressure of 0.1 to 5 bar, in particular at a temperature of -10 to 50 ° C and a pressure of 0, 3 to 3 bar.
- the liquid is preferably carried out automatically without the influence of pressure and
- Releasing and closing the vents could be a reversible process. This allows a versatile and durable use of the ventilation insert. In addition, the life of the ventilation insert is increased.
- the vent insert could not have additional hydrophilic fibers introduced.
- the proportion of hydrophilic additionally introduced fibers based on the total weight of the aeration insert could be less than 00 wt .-%, preferably less than 50 wt .-%, more preferably less than 25 wt .-%, in particular 0 wt .-% amount. This allows the fastest possible closing of the ventilation openings.
- the invention also includes a method for producing a
- Ventilation insert for placement in or on textiles, comprising the following method steps: a) treating a ventilation-containing layer with a
- a surface tension of the mixture is influenced such that a cohesive bonding of the absorbent material takes place with the situation and the absorbent material is connected captive with the layer.
- the bonding of the absorbent material with the layer is not necessary.
- an adhesive, binder and / or adhesion promoter is not necessary.
- an additional process step namely a fixation of the absorbent material with the situation.
- a thermal fixation of the absorbent material with the layer is not necessary.
- the absorption material can be introduced directly into the layer and connected to it. This results in a targeted control of fluid intake and swelling of the
- Ventilation holes within the location are Ventilation holes within the location.
- Another advantage of the method according to the invention is that due to the polymerization, the absorption material has a good adhesion within the layer and the ventilation insert produced by the method is characterized by an increased abrasion resistance.
- a wetting agent is natural or
- a wetting agent is preferably selected from the group consisting of: glycerol, propylene glycol, sorbitol, trihydroxystearin, phenol, acid resin, phospholipids, ethylene oxide / fatty alcohol ethers, ethoxylates of propylene oxide with propylene glycol, esters of sorbitol and glycerol and mixtures thereof.
- the wetting agent is a compound of the following formula
- Practical tests have shown that the use of such a wetting agent reduces the surface tension of the mixture in a particularly effective manner, which facilitates the penetration of the mixture into the layer. This results in excellent adhesion between the absorbent material and the sheet.
- alkyl radical is according to the invention a saturated aliphatic radical
- Hydrocarbon group having 1 to 30, preferably 3 to 20, more preferably 4 to 7 and especially 6 to 11 carbon atoms.
- An alkyl group may be linear or branched and is optionally substituted with one or more aliphatic, especially saturated, hydrocarbon groups having from 1 to 4 hydrocarbons.
- Wetting agent based on the total amount of the mixture in the range from 0.1 to 5 wt .-%, preferably from 1 to 4 wt .-%, in particular from 1, 5 to 3.5 wt .-% takes place a particularly uniform and homogeneous wetting of the layer.
- Particularly good results with regard to the wetting of the layer were achieved by adding a wetting agent which sets a surface tension according to DIN 55660 of the mixture in the range from 10 to 72 dynes, preferably in the range from 15 to 60 dynes, in particular in the range from 20 to 68 dynes ,
- Macromolecules are linked to a three-dimensional network.
- the linkage can be achieved either directly in the construction of the macromolecules or by reactions on already existing polymers.
- the process of cross-linking can change the properties of the cross-linked substances.
- the change is increasing
- the degree of crosslinking is a quantitative measure for the characterization of polymeric networks.
- the degree of crosslinking is calculated as the quotient of a number of crosslinked basic building blocks and a total number of moles of basic building blocks in the macromolecular network. It is given either as a dimensionless number or as a percentage (mole fraction).
- the crosslinker used according to the invention combines or crosslinks the monomers or oligomers in places with one another by means of chemical bridges. This bridging can reduce the water insolubility of the
- Absorbent material swells this up and tightens this network at the molecular level - the ventilation openings close off in a self-sealing manner. Thus, can a penetration or passage of liquid through the ventilation openings can be prevented.
- the crosslinker used in the process according to the invention advantageously has at least two reactive functional groups which can react with functional groups of the polymerisable monomers or oligomers during the polymerization.
- the crosslinker has at least one olefin, carboxyl, and / or carboxylate group.
- the crosslinkers are selected from the group consisting of:
- Dipentaerythritol hexaacrylate polyethylene glycol diglycidyl ether, di- or polyglycidyl ethers of aliphatic, polyvalent alcohols,
- crosslinkers are triethylene glycol dimethacrylate,
- crosslinkers are particularly suitable for a targeted control of the absorption capacity of the absorbent material, so that for closing the ventilation openings only a small fluid intake necessary is. As a result, the weight of the ventilation insert changes only slightly after fluid absorption.
- a cross-linking degree in the range of 4.7 is preferable * 10 "5 and 1, 9 * 10" 1, preferably of 2.3 * 10 "4 to 1, 3 * 10", in particular of 4.7 * 10 "4 to 4.9 * 10 "2 , set.
- the proportion of the crosslinking agent relative to the total amount of the monomer portion is from 0.01 to 40.00% by weight, preferably from 0.05 to 28.00% by weight, in particular from 0.10 to 20.00 wt .-%.
- the proportion of the crosslinker is the
- Ventilation openings can be closed optimally and as quickly as possible when in contact with a liquid.
- the polymerisable monomer or oligomer is selected from the group consisting of:
- monoethylenically unsaturated mono-carboxylic acids in particular acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, maleic acid, fumaric acid; Crotonic acid, sorbic acid,
- Itaconic acid cinnamic acid; monoethylenically unsaturated
- Polycarboxylic acid anhydrides especially maleic anhydride
- Carboxylic acid salts preferably water-soluble salts, in particular alkali, ammonium or amine salts; monoethylenically unsaturated mono- or polycarboxylic acids, in particular sodium methane, trimethylamine methane,
- Triethanolamine methane sodium maleate, methylamine maleate
- Sulfonic acids preferably aliphatic or aromatic vinylsulfonic acids, in particular Vinyl, allyl, vinyltoluene, styrene, methacrylic sulfonic acids; 2-hydroxy-3-methacryloxypropylsulfonic acid; Sulfopropyl methacrylate, sulfonic acid salts, preferably alkali metal, ammonium, amine salts of sulfonic acid-containing monomers or oligomers; Hydroxy compounds, preferably
- monoethylenically unsaturated alcohols monoethylenically unsaturated ethers or esters of polyols, in particular methallyl alcohol, alkylene glycols, glycerol, polyoxyalkylene polyols, hydroxyethyl methacrylate,
- Hydroxy groups are optionally etherified or esterified;
- Amides preferably vinyl form, methacrylic, N-alkylmeth-, ⁇ , ⁇ -dialkylmethacrylic, N-hydroxyalkylmethacrylic, N-hexylacrylic, ⁇ , ⁇ -dimethylacrylic, N, N'-di-n-propylacrylic, N-methylolmethacryl, N-hydroxyethylmethacryl, N, N-dihydroxyethylmethacylamide, vinyllactams, in particular N-vinylpyrrolidone; Amino compounds, preferably amino-containing esters,
- the proportion of the monomer or oligomer based on the total amount of the mixture is 3 to 80, preferably 5 to 70 wt .-%, in particular 10 to 50 wt .-%. Practical experiments have shown that at this monomer or oligomer content, the absorption capacity of the
- Absorbent material in particular of water, is sufficiently high and the ventilation insert is particularly stable.
- initiators are substances which are added to the mixture containing monomers or oligomers and wetting agents in order to enable and start or initiate the desired polymerization.
- initiators water-soluble azo compounds; redox systems; peroxycarboxylic acids; peroxycarboxylic; thioxanthene; thioamines; ketone peroxides; hydroperoxides; bicarbonates; oxalates; Nitriles, preferably valeronitriles; Anisoine; benzophenones; acetophenones;
- Ethylanthrachinone 1-hydroxycyclohexylphenyl ketones, 2-methyl-4 ' - (methylthio) -2-morpholinopropiophenones, phenanthrenequinones, 4-phenoxyacetophenpne; Triarylsulfonium hexafluoroantimonates in
- propylene carbonate a-hydroxyketones; phenylglyoxylates; benzyl dimethyl; ⁇ amino ketones; 2,5-dimethyl-2,5-dihydroperoxy-hexane; 1,3-di (2-hydroxyperoxyisopropyl) benzene; Monoacylphosphine; bisacylphosphines;
- phosphine oxides e.g., phosphine oxides; Metalloccene; peroxides; persulfates; permanganates; chlorites; cerium salts; iodine salts and / or hypochlorites used; preferably 2,2 '- azobis [2- (2-imidazolin-2-yl) propane dihydrochloride; Azobis (2-amidinopropane) dihydrochloride); Azo-bis-cyanopentanoic acid; 4-benzoyl-N, N, N-trimethylbenzene methanaminium chloride; 2-hydroxy-3- (4-benzoylphenoxy) -3- ⁇ , ⁇ , ⁇ -trimethyl-l-propanaminiumchloridmonohydrat; 2-hydroxy-3- (3,4-dimethyl-9-oxo-9H-thioxanthone-2-yloxy) -N, N, N-trimethyl-1-propanamium chloride; 2-hydroxy-1 - [
- Didecanoylperoixd dilauryl; dibenzoyl; Di (2-ethyl) peroxydicarbonate; Dicylohexylperoxidicarbonat; Di- (4-tert-butyl) -cyclohexyl peroxydicarbonate; Diacetylperoxodicarbonat;
- cumene hydroperoxide diacyl; hydrogen peroxide; 2-di (3,5,5-trimethylhexenoyl) peroxide; Hydroxy- and / or tert-butyl peroxide, especially bis (2 > 4,6-trimethylbenzoyl) phenylphosphine oxides, 1-hydroxycyclohexylphenyl ketones, benzophenones and / or 1- [4- (2-hydroxyethoxy) -phenyl] -2- hydroxy-2-methyl-1-propan-1-one.
- the proportion of the initiator relative to the total amount of the mixture could be in the range from 0.1 to 3% by weight, preferably from 0.5 to 2% by weight, in particular from 0.7 to 1.5% by weight, lie.
- the mixture could contain a filler.
- Fillers increase the volume or weight and can improve the technical properties of the mixture.
- the filler is preferably selected from the group consisting of: carbonates, in particular calcium carbonate, carbon blacks, in particular carbon black, graphite, ion exchange resins, activated carbon, Silicates, in particular talc, clay, mica, silica, chalk, calcium and barium sulfate, aluminum hydroxide, glass fibers and spheres, and wood flour, cellulose powder, perlite, cork or plastic granules, milled
- Carbon fibers and their mixtures By adding a filler, the porosity and permeability to liquid and / or air can be changed.
- the mixture could contain disinfectants, antioxidants, comonomers, corrosion inhibitors, in particular triazoles and / or benzimidazoles, thickeners, foam auxiliaries, defoamers, fragrances and / or active ingredients. Practical experiments have shown that a biocidal effect is achieved by adding silver, copper and / or nano-particles.
- the mixture could contain a phase change material (PCM) and / or IR reflecting pigments, preferably paraffin and / or wax capsules. Phase change materials preferably have high heats of fusion and thermal energy can be hidden, low loss with many
- Repetitive cycles are stored over a long period of time.
- Phase change materials can absorb, store and release the body or ambient heat.
- the polymerization carried out in process step b) from the monomers or oligomers could form a superabsorber.
- Superabsorbents are characterized by their ability to bind and absorb liquid very well. According to the invention is under a
- Superabsorber understood a polymer that is capable of a multiple of its own weight - up to 500 times - to absorb liquids or liquids, preferably, while it increases in volume.
- the monomer or oligomer is dissolved or emulsified, preferably in an aqueous solution.
- the water content in the mixture could be in the range from 20 to 90% by weight, preferably in the range from 30 to 80% by weight, in each case based on the total amount of the mixture.
- the crosslinker is not soluble, it may be added in emulsified form.
- a water-miscible organic solvent for dissolving or dispersing the crosslinking may be added. Subsequently, the wetting agent and the initiator could be added.
- the polymerization preferably takes place in the acidic pH range from 3 to 6, in particular from 4.3 to 5.5. Under these conditions, the mixture is particularly stable.
- a hydroxide preferably a
- Alkalimetal hydroxide in particular sodium, potassium or lithium hydroxide, carbonate of an alkali metal and / or ammonium hydroxide can be used.
- Sodium or potassium hydroxide are due to their commercial
- the treatment of the layer with the mixture could be carried out by impregnation,
- the mixture is applied by means of coating, in particular by means of doctoring or kiss coating.
- doctoring usually works a doctor blade against a pad, roller, table or the substrate itself. Under a doctor blade is understood a coating device. This could be fixed over the entire width of the web.
- the application of the mixture can be carried out with the following doctor blades, doctor blade, air knife, blanket doctor blade, supporting doctor blade, table doctor blade, spiral doctor blade and / or doctor blade.
- Kisscoating typically uses a smooth-surfaced platen or etched, machined or knurled recesses on the surface.
- the mixture could be from the pressure roller to the sheet to be coated
- the depressions may be of any size or shape and discontinuous or continuous on the surface of the
- Be distributed pressure roller Be distributed pressure roller.
- the application of the mixture by means of impregnation is particularly preferred, in particular by means of padding or by means of
- the padding is carried out in one or more stages, with a precisely defined mixture
- liquor refers to the totality of all its components, that is, the solvent, preferably water, and all dissolved, emulsified or dispersed components contained therein such as dyes, particles, pigments, chemicals and auxiliaries.
- Spraying the layer can vary widely. Usually, amounts in the range from 10 to 2500 g / m 2 , in particular from 50 to 1200 g / m 2 , are introduced into the fiber structure of the layer. After impregnating, coating or spraying the layer, it can be squeezed between two rolls and / or rolls. Practical experiments have shown that at a squeezing pressure in a range of 1 to 8 bar, preferably in a range of 3 to 5 bar, the order quantity can be optimally adjusted and a homogeneous distribution of
- Absorbent material is formed. Depending on the initiator and
- the polymerization can be initiated autocatalytically, thermally by the action of ionizing radiation or by plasma.
- the monomer or oligomer polymerizes in the presence of ultraviolet radiation.
- UV curing could be done using a UV lamp.
- Radiation intensity and time depend on the composition of the mixture and the nature of the layer. Particularly good results are achieved at a radiation intensity in the range of 40 to 400 watts / cm, preferably in the range of 100 to 250 watts / cm with a radiation time in the range of 0.1 to 120 seconds.
- the UV curing is carried out under vacuum or in the presence of an inorganic gas, preferably nitrogen, helium or argon, or in air.
- the thermal curing could take place in an oven, in air or in an inert atmosphere or under vacuum. Also conceivable is the applied mixture in a dryer, such as a through-air dryer or a
- Infrared dryer to polymerize or harden The polymerization or curing usually takes place in a temperature range from 40 to 100.degree.
- the cure takes place at a Energy dose in the range of 1 to 16 megarad, preferably in the range of up to 2 to 8 megarad, instead.
- the washing preferably takes place with water and can be continuous or discontinuous. It is advantageous that by repeated washing the bubble point of
- Ventilation insert and its tightness can be increased.
- a particularly dense, in particular watertight, ventilation insert is obtained.
- the ventilation holes are caused by swelling of the
- neutralization it is possible to use the abovementioned hydroxides, preferably alkali metal hydroxide, in particular sodium, potassium or lithium hydroxide, carbonate of an alkali metal and / or ammonium hydroxide.
- the remaining liquid could be removed by further drying in a convection oven or with infrared lamps.
- the surface energy of the ventilation insert is increased by corona and / or plasma treatment.
- the corona and / or plasma treatment is preferably carried out in such a way that the Surface is a surface energy according to DIN 55,660 of 40 to 72 dyn, preferably from 50 to 70 dyn, especially from 55 to 68 dyn lent.
- the surface can be hydrophilic or hydrophobic equipped without adding chemicals. This equipment is used to optimally regulate the liquid content in the venting insert. This is especially in close-fitting products, such as
- clothing of advantage is also conceivable are the antistatic finish of the surface, as well as its ingenuity with care substances.
- an anti-pilling treatment for example, an anti-pilling treatment, a hydrophilization of an antistatic treatment, a treatment to improve the
- Fire resistance and / or to change the tactile properties or gloss a mechanical treatment such as thawing, sanforizing, sanding or a tumbler treatment and / or a change of appearance treatment such as dyeing or printing.
- the ventilation insert according to the invention is due to its low weight, its air permeability and its high absorption capacity ideal for use as a moisture regulator.
- a moisture regulator is understood to mean that it can absorb moisture from the ambient air and release it again in dry air.
- Particularly preferred is the ventilation insert as
- Humidity regulator in the field of filtration application Humidity regulator in the field of filtration application.
- Ventilation insert can be used as a climate regulator.
- the climate regulator is understood to be a ventilation insert which is able to feel nice and cool in the cold and cool in the cold. It is particularly advantageous that the climate regulator is breathable, that is to say that the ventilation openings are large enough to allow the penetration of vapors and air to allow, but prevent a liquid passage.
- the ventilation insert as a carrier material for the production of wound dressings due to its comfortable nature
- Ventilation insert for placement in or on textiles.
- Preferred textiles are shoes as well as shoe soles, sleeping bags, tents, rucksacks, bags, jackets, protective suits, gloves, headgear, preferably as a clothing, inlay and / or nonwoven fabric.
- the ventilation insert could be arranged in or on a shoe due to its pleasant wearing climate due to a good ventilation.
- the ventilation insert could also be used in protective helmets, goggles, insulating mats, upholstery mats, protectors and as cosmetics or packaging material.
- the ventilation insert could also be used in electronic devices, electrical cables, submarine cables, live cables, window frames, as a sealing material and / or as an insulating material.
- FIG. 1 shows a schematic view of a ventilation insert with complete coverage
- FIG. 2 shows a detail view of the ventilation insert shown in FIG. 1 in the dry state
- FIG. 3 is a detail view of the ventilation insert shown in Figure 1 under the action of liquid
- FIG. 4 shows a schematic view of a ventilation insert with partial cover
- FIG. 5 is a detail view of the ventilation insert shown in Figure 4 in the dry state
- Fig. 6 is a detail view of the ventilation insert shown in Figure 4 under the action of water and
- Bubble point shows. Embodiment of the invention
- a ventilation insert 1 for placement in or on textiles, comprising at least one layer 2 which is at least partially covered by an absorbent material 3 and ventilation openings 4, wherein the ventilation openings 4 at least partially closed by the action of liquid due to swelling of the absorbent material 3 obtainable by a process comprising the following process steps: a) treating a vents 4 having a vents 4 with a mixture containing a polymerizable monomer or oligomer and a crosslinker, as a precursor for the absorbent material, a
- the absorption material 3 is connected at least partially cohesively to the layer 2.
- the ventilation openings 4 and the size of the ventilation openings 4 are statistically randomly distributed.
- the geometric structure of the ventilation openings 4 is random.
- the ventilation openings 4 are not regularly constructed geometric body such as cuboid or octahedron, but open-cell or closed spaces which are separated by fibers 5 and the absorbent material 3 from each other.
- the layer 2 consists of a hydroentangled nonwoven fabric. This
- Nonwoven fabric is made hydrophobic by a hydrophobing agent.
- the layer 2 may contain fibers 5 selected from the group consisting of: polyolefin, in particular polyphenylene sulfide, polyester, especially polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate; Polyamide, in particular polyamide 6.6 (nylon ® ), polyamide 6.0 (Perlon ® ) -; Polyvinyl chloride, polyacrylonitrile, polyimide, polytetrafluoroethylene (Teflon®), aramid, wool, cotton, silk, hemp, bamboo, kenaf, sisal, cellulose, soy, flake, glass -, basalt, Carbon, viscose fibers and their mixtures.
- the layer 2 shown in FIG. 1 contains aramid fibers.
- the ventilation insert 1 may have a thickness according to DIN EN 9073-2 of 20 to 10,000 ⁇ , preferably from 100 to 7000 ⁇ , in particular from 300 to 4000im exhibit.
- the ventilation insert 1 in Figure 1 has a thickness of 0.8 mm.
- the ventilation insert 1 may have a basis weight according to DIN EN 29073-1 of 5 to 600 g / m 2 , preferably from 30 to 400 g / m 2 , in particular from 50 to 200 g / m 2 .
- the ventilation insert 1, shown in Figure 1, has a basis weight of 500 g / m 2 .
- the ventilation insert 1 can have an air permeability according to DIN EN ISO 9237 in the dry state of 100 to 5000 dm 3 / (m 2 s), preferably from 400 to 2500 dm 3 / (m 2 s), in particular from 500 to 1800 dm 3 / ( m 2 s).
- the ventilation insert 1 according to FIG. 1 has an air permeability of 1000 dm 3 / (m 2 s).
- Ventilation openings 4 are released again, preferably at a temperature in the range of -20 to 70 ° C and a pressure of 0.1 to 5 bar, in particular at a temperature of -10 to 50 ° C and a pressure of 0.3 to 3 bar.
- the ventilation insert 1 shown in Figure 1 releases the partially closed ventilation openings 4 at a temperature of 0 ° C and a pressure of 1, 013 bar again.
- the manufacture of the ventilation insert 1 for placement in or on textiles comprises the following method steps: a) treating a ventilation openings 4 having layer 2 with a mixture containing a polymerizable monomer or oligomer and a crosslinker, as a precursor for a
- wetting agent 1 for the preparation of the ventilation insert shown in Figure 1 is a compound of formula
- the proportion of the wetting agent relative to the total amount of the mixture may range from 0.1 to 5.0% by weight, preferably from 1.0 to 4.0% by weight, in particular from 1.5 to 3.5 wt .-%.
- Ventilation insert 1 based on the total amount of the mixture is 2.0 wt .-%.
- the addition of the wetting agent sets a surface tension according to DIN 55660 of the mixture in the range from 10 to 72 dynes, preferably in the range from 5 to 60 dynes, in particular in the range from 20 to 68 dynes.
- the ventilation insert, shown in Figure 1 has a
- the polymerizable monomer or oligomer may be selected from the group consisting of:
- monoethylenically unsaturated mono-carboxylic acids in particular acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, maleic acid, fumaric acid; Crotonic acid, sorbic acid, itaconic acid, cinnamic acid; monoethylenically unsaturated
- Polycarboxylic acid anhydrides especially maleic anhydride
- Carboxylic acid salts preferably water-soluble salts, in particular alkali, ammonium or amine salts; monoethylenically unsaturated mono- or polycarboxylic acids, in particular sodium methane, trimethylamine methane,
- Triethanolamine methane sodium maleate, methylamine maleate
- Sulfonic acids preferably aliphatic or aromatic vinylsulfonic acids, in particular vinyl, allyl, vinyltoluene, styrene, (meth) acrylic sulfonic acids; 2-hydroxy-3-methacryloxypropylsulfonic acid; Sulfopropyl methacrylate, sulfonic acid salts, preferably alkali metal, ammonium, amine salts of sulfonic acid-containing monomers or oligomers; Hydroxy compounds, preferably
- monoethylenically unsaturated alcohols monoethylenically unsaturated ethers or esters of polyols, in particular methallyl alcohol, alkylene glycols, glycerol, polyoxyalkylene polyols, hydroxyethyl methacrylate, Hydroxypropyl methacrylate, triethylene glycol methacrylate,
- Hydroxy groups are optionally etherified or esterified;
- Amides preferably vinyl form, methacrylic, N-alkylmeth-, ⁇ , ⁇ -dialkylmethacrylic, N-hydroxyalkyl (meth) acrylic, N-hexylacrylic, ⁇ , ⁇ -dimethylacrylic, N, N'-di-n propylacrylic, N-methylolmethacrylic, N-hydroxyethylmethacrylic, N, N-dihydroxyethylmethacrylamide, vinyllactams, in particular N-vinylpyrrolidone; Amino compounds, preferably amino-containing esters,
- the polymerizable monomer of the absorbent 3 for the venting insert 1 shown in Figure 1 is acrylic acid.
- the polymerization in process step b) forms a superabsorber.
- the surface energy of the ventilation insert 1 is increased by corona and / or plasma treatment.
- the surface energy of the ventilation insert 1 is increased by corona and / or plasma treatment.
- Ventilation insert 1 of Figure 1 is 70 dyn.
- the ventilation insert 1 can be used as a moisture and / or climate regulator.
- the ventilation insert 1 shown in Figure 1 is called
- FIG. 2 shows a detailed view of the ventilation insert 1 shown in FIG. 1 in the dry state.
- This ventilation insert 1 for placement in or on textiles comprises at least one layer 2, which is at least partially covered by an absorbent material 3 and having ventilation openings 4, wherein the ventilation openings 4 can be at least partially closed by the action of liquid due to swelling of the absorbent material 3.
- the absorption material 3 is partially bonded cohesively to the layer 2.
- the fibers 5 of the layer 2 are completely covered or coated with the absorbent material 3.
- the ventilation opening 4 has an octahedral shape, wherein the
- Ventilation holes 4 can not be built up by regular geometric shapes.
- the ventilation opening 4 shown in Figure 2 is open.
- FIG. 3 shows a detailed view of the ventilation insert 1 shown in FIG. 1 under the action of liquid.
- the penetrating liquid is absorbed by the absorption material 3.
- the swelled absorbent material 3 fills the vent 4, shown in Figure 2, completely and closes them against the passage of liquid or a gas.
- 4 shows a ventilation insert 1 ' for arrangement in or on textiles, comprising at least one layer 2 which is at least partially covered by an absorbent material 3 and has ventilation openings 4, the ventilation openings 4 being at least fluid-induced by swelling of the absorption material 3 can be partially closed.
- the absorption material 3 is connected at least partially cohesively to the layer 2.
- the absorbent material 3 partially covers the fibers 5.
- the ventilation openings 4 are evenly distributed in the situation 2.
- the ventilation insert 1 ' shown in Figure 1, has a basis weight of 100 g / m 2 .
- the ventilation insert 1 ' according to FIG. 1 has an air permeability of 200 dm 3 / (m 2 s).
- the ventilation insert 1 ' is with the previously described
- FIG. 5 shows a detailed view of the ventilation insert 1 'shown in FIG. 4 in the dry state.
- the absorption material 3 is connected in regions cohesively with the fibers 5 of the layer 2.
- FIG. 6 shows a detailed view of the ventilation insert 1 ' shown in FIG. 4 under the action of water.
- the penetrating water is from the absorbent material 3 under a
- the vent 4 is partially closed.
- the thickness of the ventilation insert ' shown in Figure 4 has increased 3-fold under the action of water.
- Fig. 7 shows a diagram in which the cleaning time against the
- Bubble point (bubble point) is shown. It became the influence of
- Cleaning time to the bubble point of a ventilation insert examined.
- the bubble point measurement was performed according to DIN ISO 2942.
- the ventilation insert was prepared analogously to Embodiments 2 and 3. It was found that the bubble point is increased with increasing cleaning time.
- Cleaning time is understood to mean the duration of the washing or cleaning of the ventilation insert.
- the washing or cleaning is done with water and used to remove
- This process step can be continuous or
- the ventilation insert may have a bubble point according to DIN ISO 2942 in the range of 10 to 2500 mbar, preferably in the range of 100 to 1500 mbar, in particular in the range of 500 to 1000 mbar. Even a short-term wash more than doubles the bubble point according to DN ISO 2942, compared to an unwashed aeration insert. Furthermore, surprisingly it can be stated that with increasing cleaning time the bubble point can be increased significantly. After a cleaning time of four minutes, a bubble point greater than 1000 mbar is reached.
- the ventilation insert just described can be made according to the following embodiments:
- Exemplary Embodiment 1 8.00 g are used to prepare a partially neutralized acrylic acid solution
- the impregnated nonwoven is squeezed between two rolls and by UV treatment the polymerization of a mixture containing acrylic acid, a crosslinker, a wetting agent and an initiator is started.
- the UV treatment is carried out by connecting UV lamps (Dr. Hönle, type Uvahand 250, 250 watts per spot).
- the irradiation time is 10
- the degree of crosslinking of the absorbent material is 0.011.
- the irradiated web is washed with water and dried at 70 ° C for four hours.
- the swelling rate defines the amount of water that is absorbed by the coating within a specified period of time.
- the swelling capacity refers to the maximum amount of water or liquid absorbed by the coating, which value refers to the dry weight of the coating.
- the swelling rate is determined by measuring the percentage swelling or
- Weight gain determined in periods of 0 to 20 minutes.
- the swelling rate is 60.00 and the weight after swelling is 43.44 g.
- the thickness of the ventilation insert produced in Example 1 is 0.1 mm.
- Embodiment 2 The thickness of the ventilation insert produced in Example 1 is 0.1 mm.
- the pH of the solution is about 3.5.
- To the solution are added 0.32 g of 1, 3,5-triallyl-1, 3,5-triazine-2, 4,6 (1H, 3H, 5H) -trione and this is stirred for 15 minutes at a temperature of ca. 22 ° C stirred. Subsequently, a 10 x 10 cm polyamide nonwoven with a
- the impregnated nonwoven is squeezed between two rolls and by UV treatment the polymerization of a mixture containing acrylic acid, a crosslinker, a wetting agent and an initiator is started.
- the UV treatment is carried out by connecting UV lamps (Dr. Hönle, type Uvahand 250, 250 watts per spot).
- the irradiation time is 20
- the degree of crosslinking of the absorbent material is 0.007.
- the irradiated web is washed with water and dried at 70 ° C for four hours.
- the weight of the nonwoven increases by about 80% by weight.
- the swelling rate is determined by measuring the percentage swelling or
- Weight gain determined in periods of 0 to 20 minutes.
- the swelling rate is 50.00 and the weight after swelling is 39.93 g.
- the thickness of the ventilation insert produced in Example 2 is 1, 5 mm.
- Vinylsulfonklare with 0.5 g of 1-Hydroxycyclohexylphenylketon, 0.5 g of benzophenone, 1, 50 g of ethyl polyethylene glycol ether (C 2 H 5 0 (CH 2 CH 2 0) e, 5H) and 32.50 g of water homogeneously mixed.
- the pH of the solution is about 3.5.
- 0.15 g of ethylene glycol dimethacrylate is added to the solution and it is stirred for 15 minutes at a temperature of about 22 ° C.
- a 10 ⁇ 10 cm viscose nonwoven with a basis weight of 300 g / cm 2 is soaked in the solution. It ground 2200 g / m 2 introduced into the fiber structure of the situation.
- the impregnated nonwoven is squeezed between two rolls and by UV treatment the polymerization of a mixture containing acrylic acid, a crosslinker, a wetting agent and an initiator is started.
- the UV treatment is carried out by connecting UV lamps (Dr. Hönle, type Uvahand 250, 250 watts per spot).
- the irradiation time is 13
- the degree of crosslinking of the absorbent material is 0.016.
- the irradiated web is washed with water and dried at 70 ° C for four hours.
- Bubble point examined For this purpose, samples of a ventilation insert were washed with water for different lengths of time after the polymerization.
- Table 1 Experimentally determined bubble points for the ventilation insert according to the invention at different cleaning times.
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- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)
- Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)
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- Absorbent Articles And Supports Therefor (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
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DE102013003755.7A DE102013003755A1 (de) | 2013-03-06 | 2013-03-06 | Belüftungseinsatz |
PCT/EP2014/000548 WO2014135269A2 (de) | 2013-03-06 | 2014-03-04 | Belüftungseinsatz |
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EP (1) | EP2964827B1 (de) |
JP (1) | JP6333296B2 (de) |
CN (1) | CN105026638B (de) |
BR (1) | BR112015020775A2 (de) |
DE (1) | DE102013003755A1 (de) |
MX (1) | MX2015011580A (de) |
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DE102007023806A1 (de) * | 2007-05-21 | 2008-11-27 | Carl Freudenberg Kg | Lagenverbund zur Verwendung in einem Luftfilter |
JP2009293153A (ja) * | 2008-06-05 | 2009-12-17 | Toyobo Co Ltd | 繊維集合体及びそれを用いた光源筐体の通気部材 |
WO2009154568A1 (en) * | 2008-06-20 | 2009-12-23 | Agency For Science, Technology And Research | Water swellable and water soluble polymers and use thereof |
DE102008046894A1 (de) * | 2008-09-11 | 2010-03-25 | Carl Freudenberg Kg | Belüftungseinsatz mit statistisch zufälliger Zellenverteilung |
DE102008063229A1 (de) * | 2008-12-19 | 2010-07-01 | Dehn, Michael C. | Filzmaterial mit Sperrfunktion und Bauteil aus Filz |
DE102009009589A1 (de) * | 2009-02-19 | 2010-09-02 | Deichmann Se | Schuh mit luftdurchlässiger Sohle |
EP2440621A1 (de) * | 2009-06-08 | 2012-04-18 | Basf Se | Verfahren zur herstellung eines quellvlieses |
JP5404237B2 (ja) * | 2009-08-06 | 2014-01-29 | 松本油脂製薬株式会社 | 繊維処理剤および合成繊維の製造方法 |
US20110061269A1 (en) * | 2009-09-11 | 2011-03-17 | Wolverine World Wide, Inc. | Water barrier for footwear |
US20120175556A1 (en) * | 2009-09-18 | 2012-07-12 | Basf Se | Open-Cell Foams Having Superabsorbers |
EP2496343A1 (de) * | 2009-11-06 | 2012-09-12 | Basf Se | Verbesserte superabsorber enthaltende textilien |
GB2479198B (en) * | 2010-04-01 | 2012-05-09 | H & R Chempharm Uk Ltd | Method of forming a crosslinked superabsorbent polymer on a nonwoven or woven substrate |
CN102727345B (zh) | 2011-03-30 | 2014-08-20 | 韩富 | 一种超透气性的吸收性物品 |
KR102217560B1 (ko) | 2014-03-20 | 2021-02-19 | 엘지전자 주식회사 | 이동 단말기 및 그것의 제어방법 |
-
2013
- 2013-03-06 DE DE102013003755.7A patent/DE102013003755A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2014
- 2014-03-04 MX MX2015011580A patent/MX2015011580A/es unknown
- 2014-03-04 WO PCT/EP2014/000548 patent/WO2014135269A2/de active Application Filing
- 2014-03-04 JP JP2015560581A patent/JP6333296B2/ja active Active
- 2014-03-04 EP EP14712596.7A patent/EP2964827B1/de active Active
- 2014-03-04 CN CN201480012021.3A patent/CN105026638B/zh active Active
- 2014-03-04 BR BR112015020775A patent/BR112015020775A2/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2014-03-04 US US14/772,435 patent/US10161080B2/en active Active
- 2014-03-06 TW TW103107701A patent/TWI556753B/zh active
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WO2014135269A3 (de) | 2014-11-20 |
JP6333296B2 (ja) | 2018-05-30 |
DE102013003755A1 (de) | 2014-09-11 |
JP2016512579A (ja) | 2016-04-28 |
TWI556753B (zh) | 2016-11-11 |
BR112015020775A2 (pt) | 2017-07-18 |
CN105026638A (zh) | 2015-11-04 |
EP2964827B1 (de) | 2019-11-06 |
CN105026638B (zh) | 2018-03-02 |
TW201501660A (zh) | 2015-01-16 |
US10161080B2 (en) | 2018-12-25 |
MX2015011580A (es) | 2015-12-09 |
WO2014135269A2 (de) | 2014-09-12 |
US20160010274A1 (en) | 2016-01-14 |
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