EP2789960B1 - Procédé destiné à déterminer l'état d'un revêtement réfractaire d'une cuve de fusion métallurgique - Google Patents

Procédé destiné à déterminer l'état d'un revêtement réfractaire d'une cuve de fusion métallurgique Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2789960B1
EP2789960B1 EP13163565.8A EP13163565A EP2789960B1 EP 2789960 B1 EP2789960 B1 EP 2789960B1 EP 13163565 A EP13163565 A EP 13163565A EP 2789960 B1 EP2789960 B1 EP 2789960B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
data
vessel
parameters
lining
measured
Prior art date
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Application number
EP13163565.8A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP2789960A1 (fr
Inventor
Gregor Lammer
Christoph Jandl
Karl-Michael Zettl
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Refractory Intellectual Property GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Refractory Intellectual Property GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Application filed by Refractory Intellectual Property GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Refractory Intellectual Property GmbH and Co KG
Priority to ES13163565T priority Critical patent/ES2716202T3/es
Priority to EP13163565.8A priority patent/EP2789960B1/fr
Priority to PL13163565T priority patent/PL2789960T3/pl
Priority to EP20130184161 priority patent/EP2789961A1/fr
Priority to RU2015138120A priority patent/RU2015138120A/ru
Priority to PCT/EP2014/054473 priority patent/WO2014166678A1/fr
Priority to RU2015141841A priority patent/RU2674185C2/ru
Priority to PCT/EP2014/054474 priority patent/WO2014166679A1/fr
Priority to MX2015010538A priority patent/MX2015010538A/es
Priority to CA2901222A priority patent/CA2901222C/fr
Priority to AU2014252323A priority patent/AU2014252323A1/en
Priority to US14/777,770 priority patent/US20160298907A1/en
Priority to KR1020157031887A priority patent/KR20150143588A/ko
Priority to MX2015011067A priority patent/MX365555B/es
Priority to CN201480020917.6A priority patent/CN105102915A/zh
Priority to BR112015024594A priority patent/BR112015024594A2/pt
Priority to CN201480020507.1A priority patent/CN105074371B/zh
Priority to AU2014252322A priority patent/AU2014252322A1/en
Priority to KR1020157030576A priority patent/KR20150140303A/ko
Priority to US14/777,810 priority patent/US20160282049A1/en
Priority to JP2016506820A priority patent/JP2016519751A/ja
Priority to NZ711079A priority patent/NZ711079B2/en
Priority to UAA201509459A priority patent/UA118553C2/uk
Priority to BR112015024597A priority patent/BR112015024597A2/pt
Priority to CA2896916A priority patent/CA2896916A1/fr
Priority to JP2016506819A priority patent/JP2016519750A/ja
Priority to KR1020217011221A priority patent/KR102497401B1/ko
Publication of EP2789960A1 publication Critical patent/EP2789960A1/fr
Priority to IL239709A priority patent/IL239709A0/en
Priority to ZA2015/05037A priority patent/ZA201505037B/en
Priority to IL240485A priority patent/IL240485B/en
Priority to SA515360957A priority patent/SA515360957B1/ar
Priority to ZA2015/06533A priority patent/ZA201506533B/en
Priority to US16/002,419 priority patent/US10935320B2/en
Priority to JP2018212008A priority patent/JP2019039668A/ja
Publication of EP2789960B1 publication Critical patent/EP2789960B1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Priority to JP2021072326A priority patent/JP2021119264A/ja
Priority to JP2023123181A priority patent/JP2023145627A/ja
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D21/00—Arrangements of monitoring devices; Arrangements of safety devices
    • F27D21/0021—Devices for monitoring linings for wear
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
    • C21C5/28—Manufacture of steel in the converter
    • C21C5/42—Constructional features of converters
    • C21C5/44—Refractory linings
    • C21C5/445—Lining or repairing the taphole
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D1/00—Casings; Linings; Walls; Roofs
    • F27D1/16—Making or repairing linings increasing the durability of linings or breaking away linings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D1/00—Casings; Linings; Walls; Roofs
    • F27D1/16—Making or repairing linings increasing the durability of linings or breaking away linings
    • F27D1/1636—Repairing linings by projecting or spraying refractory materials on the lining
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D1/00—Casings; Linings; Walls; Roofs
    • F27D1/16—Making or repairing linings increasing the durability of linings or breaking away linings
    • F27D1/1636—Repairing linings by projecting or spraying refractory materials on the lining
    • F27D1/1642—Repairing linings by projecting or spraying refractory materials on the lining using a gunning apparatus
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D21/00—Arrangements of monitoring devices; Arrangements of safety devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D21/00—Arrangements of monitoring devices; Arrangements of safety devices
    • F27D21/0014—Devices for monitoring temperature
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D21/00—Arrangements of monitoring devices; Arrangements of safety devices
    • F27D21/0035—Devices for monitoring the weight of quantities added to the charge
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D3/00—Charging; Discharging; Manipulation of charge
    • F27D3/15—Tapping equipment; Equipment for removing or retaining slag
    • F27D3/1509—Tapping equipment
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D3/00—Charging; Discharging; Manipulation of charge
    • F27D3/15—Tapping equipment; Equipment for removing or retaining slag
    • F27D3/1509—Tapping equipment
    • F27D3/1518—Tapholes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
    • C21C5/28—Manufacture of steel in the converter
    • C21C5/42—Constructional features of converters
    • C21C5/44—Refractory linings
    • C21C2005/448—Lining wear indicators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D1/00—Casings; Linings; Walls; Roofs
    • F27D2001/0046—Means to facilitate repair or replacement or prevent quick wearing

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for determining the state of a refractory lining of a metallurgical vessel, preferably a melting vessel, according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • a metallurgical vessel preferably a melting vessel
  • EP-A-0 632 291 there is disclosed a method of measuring wear in the lining of a container, wherein fixing points are defined externally on the back of the container by means of a measuring device and then the angular differences for measuring the inclination of the container from the front of the container at the opening. It is also provided a modeling measurement of the inner surface of the container, once with unused pan and then with a worn pan. Thus, this lining can be compared accordingly.
  • WO 2007/107242 is a method for determining the wall thickness or wear of the lining of a metallurgical melting vessel with a scanner system for contactless detection of the lining surface with determination of the position and orientation of the scanner system and assignment to the position of the melting vessel revealed by the detection of fixed spatial reference points.
  • a perpendicular reference system is used and the inclinations of two axes with respect to a horizontal plane are measured by inclination sensors.
  • the measurement data of the scanner can be transformed into a perpendicular coordinate system and thus an automated measurement of the respective actual state of the lining of the melting vessel is possible.
  • the present invention has the object to provide a method by means of which the durability of the refractory lining of a metallurgical vessel and the process itself can be optimized and manual decisions are reduced or practically eliminated.
  • the method according to the invention provides that data of a respective vessel are comprehensively collected and stored in a data structure, and from all the measured and determined data or parameters a calculation model is created by means of which these data or parameters are determined by calculations and subsequent calculations Analyzes are evaluated.
  • the method relates in particular to metallurgical vessels, such as such a vessel 10 as an embodiment in Fig. 1 is shown cut.
  • the vessel 10 in the present case is a known converter in steelmaking.
  • the vessel 10 consists essentially of a metal housing 15, a refractory lining 12 and gas purging 17, 18, which can be coupled with a gas supply not shown in detail.
  • molten metal is treated metallurgically, for example, by a blown, which is not explained in detail.
  • a blown which is not explained in detail.
  • several such converters are in use in a steelworks at the same time and it is necessary to record the data for each of these converters.
  • the method can of course be applied to various metallurgical vessels, such as electric furnace, blast furnace, steel ladle, non-ferrous metal vessel such as aluminum smelting furnace, copper anode furnace or the like.
  • the method is characterized by the fact that it can be applied for different containers.
  • the refractory linings of all converters and pans in operation can be determined, in which the same melt is first treated in a converter and subsequently poured into steel pans.
  • the data divided into groups of a respective vessel 10 are comprehensively collected and stored in a data structure.
  • production data group is recorded during the period of use of the respective vessel 10, such as Melt quantity, temperature, composition of the melt or slag and their thickness, tapping times, temperature profile, treatment time and / or metallurgical parameters; like special additives in the melt.
  • the above production data is recorded.
  • a mathematical model is created from at least part of the measured and determined data or parameters, by means of which these data or parameters are evaluated by calculations and subsequent analyzes.
  • the maximum duration of use, the wall thicknesses, the materials and / or the care data of the refractory lining 12 or conversely the process sequences in the treatment of the melt can be optimized. It can sometimes be decided from these analyzes on the further use without or with repairs of the lining. It requires no more or limited to a manual experiential interpretation of the duration of use of the liner 12 and the other sizes to be determined, such as wall thickness, material selection etc ..
  • the metallurgical vessel 10 such as a converter, divided into different sections 1 to 10, wherein the upper Gefässteil the sections 1, 2, 8, the side Gefässteil the sections 3, 7, 9 and the vessel bottom, the sections 4, 5, 6 are assigned.
  • the data is checked for plausibility after the acquisition, and if one or more values are missing or torn out, these are respectively corrected or deleted. After preferably individually checking the data, these are saved to a merged valid record.
  • a reduced number is selected from the measured or determined data or parameters for the recurrent calculations or analyzes, this taking place as a function of empirical values or by calculation methods.
  • This selection of the measured or determined data or parameters for the recurring Calculations or analyzes are carried out by means of algorithms, for example a random feature selection.
  • the other data obtained but not further utilized are used for statistical purposes or for later recording for the reconstruction of production errors or the like.
  • the calculation model is adapted as a further advantage of the invention, by which the wear can be calculated or simulated taking into account the collected and structured data.
  • This adapted calculation model is especially suitable for the use of test purposes in order to test out or simulate process sequences and to make targeted changes.
  • At least one outlet opening (not shown in greater detail) is laterally provided in vessel 10 in a manner known per se, in which case usually a special tapping with a plurality of refractory sleeves arranged one behind the other is used.
  • a special tapping with a plurality of refractory sleeves arranged one behind the other is used.
  • the state of this tapping is measured or determined and included in the inventive calculation model.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Furnace Housings, Linings, Walls, And Ceilings (AREA)
  • Waste-Gas Treatment And Other Accessory Devices For Furnaces (AREA)
  • Carbon Steel Or Casting Steel Manufacturing (AREA)
  • Length Measuring Devices With Unspecified Measuring Means (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Steel In Its Molten State (AREA)
  • Casting Support Devices, Ladles, And Melt Control Thereby (AREA)

Claims (11)

  1. Procédé de détermination de l'état du revêtement réfractaire d'un récipient contenant du métal fondu, dans lequel on relève ou on mesure et exploite des données de ce revêtement (12) réfractaire, comme les matériaux, l'épaisseur de paroi, le type de montage et autre, caractérisé en ce que on rassemble en une vue d'ensemble les données mesurées ou déterminées suivantes d'un récipient (10) respectif et on les met en mémoire dans une structure de données, à savoir
    > le garnissage réfractaire initial du revêtement (12) du récipient, comme des matériaux, des propriétés de matériau, des épaisseurs de paroi de briques et/ou de matériaux d'injection, sous la forme de données d'entretien;
    > des données de production pendant l'utilisation, comme la quantité de masse fondue, la température, la composition de la masse fondue ou des scories et leur épaisseur, des temps de coulée, des courbes de température, des temps de traitement et/ou des paramètres métallurgiques;
    > des épaisseurs de paroi du revêtement après l'utilisation d'un récipient (10), au moins aux endroits ayant le degré d'usure le plus grand;
    > des paramètres opératoires, comme le type de remplissage et de coulée du métal fondu, dans ou hors du récipient (10);
    en ce qu'à partir d'au moins une partie des données ou paramètres mesurés ou déterminés des données d'entretien, des données de production, des épaisseurs de paroi, ainsi que des paramètres opératoires, on établit un modèle de calcul, au moyen duquel on exploite ces données ou paramètres par des calculs et par des analyses qui s'ensuivent.
  2. Procédé suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'on contrôle la vraisemblance des données après leur détection et en présence d'une insuffisance, d'un défaut de l'une des valeurs ou de plusieurs valeurs, on les corrige ou on les efface.
  3. Procédé suivant la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que l'on met les données, après le contrôle, de préférence individuel, en mémoire en un jeu de données valables rassemblées.
  4. Procédé suivant l'une des revendications précédentes 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que l'on choisit un nombre réduit de données ou de paramètres mesurés ou déterminés pour les calculs ou les analyses récurrentes, cela s'effectuant en fonction de valeurs d'expérience ou par des méthodes de calcul.
  5. Procédé suivant la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que ce choix des données ou paramètres mesurés ou déterminés pour des calculs et analyses récurrents s'effectue au moyen d'algorithmes, par exemple d'une Random Feature Selection.
  6. Procédé suivant la revendication 4 ou 5, caractérisé en ce que l'on utilise les autres données non utilisées davantage à des fins statistiques ou pour un enregistrement ultérieur de données.
  7. Procédé suivant l'une des revendications précédentes 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce que la mesure des épaisseurs de paroi du revêtement (12) s'effectue après un nombre de coulées, dans lequel on décide, par le modèle de calcul, à partir de ces mesures, de continuer à utiliser le récipient avec des réparations ou sans réparation.
  8. Procédé suivant l'une des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisé en ce que l'on adapte, à partir des mesures des épaisseurs de paroi de revêtement (12), après un certain nombre de coulées, au moyen d'une analyse, par exemple d'une analyse par régression, le modèle de calcul par lequel on peut calculer l'usure en tenant compte des données rassemblées et structurées.
  9. Procédé suivant la revendication 8, caractérisé en ce que l'on utilise le modèle pour ce réseau neuronal à des fins de test, afin d'en tester ou d'en simuler des déroulements opératoires, pour en effectuer des modifications ciblées en fonctionnement réel.
  10. Procédé suivant l'une des revendications précédentes 1 à 9, caractérisé en ce que l'on subdivise le récipient (10) métallurgique, comme par exemple un convertisseur, en diverses sections (1 à 10) et on effectue, par ce modèle de calcul, pour ses diverses sections, des évaluations indépendantes les unes des autres, à partir de tous les données et paramètres mesurés et déterminés.
  11. Procédé suivant la revendication 10, caractérisé en ce que l'on choisit les sections (1 à 10) en les répartissant d'une part sur le pourtour du récipient (10) et d'autre part dans sa hauteur.
EP13163565.8A 2013-04-12 2013-04-12 Procédé destiné à déterminer l'état d'un revêtement réfractaire d'une cuve de fusion métallurgique Active EP2789960B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (36)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ES13163565T ES2716202T3 (es) 2013-04-12 2013-04-12 Procedimiento para determinar el estado de un revestimiento refractario de un recipiente de fundido metalúrgico
EP13163565.8A EP2789960B1 (fr) 2013-04-12 2013-04-12 Procédé destiné à déterminer l'état d'un revêtement réfractaire d'une cuve de fusion métallurgique
PL13163565T PL2789960T3 (pl) 2013-04-12 2013-04-12 Sposób określania stanu ogniotrwałej okładziny metalurgicznego naczynia do topienia
EP20130184161 EP2789961A1 (fr) 2013-04-12 2013-09-12 Procédé, en particulier pour la détermination de l'état de la coulée d'un récipient métallurgique
KR1020157030576A KR20150140303A (ko) 2013-04-12 2014-03-07 용융 금속용 야금 용기의 내화 라이닝의 상태를 결정하기 위한 방법
BR112015024597A BR112015024597A2 (pt) 2013-04-12 2014-03-07 método para determinar o estado da torneira de um recipiente metalúrgico em particular
RU2015141841A RU2674185C2 (ru) 2013-04-12 2014-03-07 Способ определения состояния огнеупорной футеровки, в частности металлургического сосуда для расплавленного металла
PCT/EP2014/054474 WO2014166679A1 (fr) 2013-04-12 2014-03-07 Procédé servant en particulier à déterminer l'état d'un revêtement réfractaire d'un creuset de fusion métallurgique
MX2015010538A MX2015010538A (es) 2013-04-12 2014-03-07 Metodo para determinar el estado de la derivacion de un recipiente metalurgico en particular.
CA2901222A CA2901222C (fr) 2013-04-12 2014-03-07 Procede servant en particulier a determiner l'etat d'un revetement refractaire d'un creuset de fusion metallurgique
AU2014252323A AU2014252323A1 (en) 2013-04-12 2014-03-07 Method for determining the state of a fire-resistant lining of a metallurgical vessel for molten metal in particular
US14/777,770 US20160298907A1 (en) 2013-04-12 2014-03-07 Method for determining the state of the tap of a metallurgical vessel in particular
KR1020157031887A KR20150143588A (ko) 2013-04-12 2014-03-07 야금 용기의 탭의 상태를 결정하기 위한 방법
MX2015011067A MX365555B (es) 2013-04-12 2014-03-07 Metodo para determinar el estado de un revestimiento refractario de un recipiente metalurgico para metal fundido en particular.
CN201480020917.6A CN105102915A (zh) 2013-04-12 2014-03-07 用于确定尤其是冶金炉的阀门的状态的方法
BR112015024594A BR112015024594A2 (pt) 2013-04-12 2014-03-07 método de determinação do estado de um revestimento refratário de um recipiente metalúrgico para metal fundido em particular
CN201480020507.1A CN105074371B (zh) 2013-04-12 2014-03-07 用于确定特别用于熔化金属的冶金炉的耐火衬里的状态的方法
AU2014252322A AU2014252322A1 (en) 2013-04-12 2014-03-07 Method for determining the state of the tap of a metallurgical vessel in particular
RU2015138120A RU2015138120A (ru) 2013-04-12 2014-03-07 Способ определения состояния выпускного отверстия, в частности, металлургического сосуда
US14/777,810 US20160282049A1 (en) 2013-04-12 2014-03-07 Method for determining the state of a refractory lining of a metallurgical vessel for molten metal in particular
JP2016506820A JP2016519751A (ja) 2013-04-12 2014-03-07 特に溶融金属用の冶金容器の耐火物ライニングの状態を決定するための方法
NZ711079A NZ711079B2 (en) 2013-04-12 2014-03-07 Method for determining the state of a refractory lining of a metallurgical vessel for molten metal in particular
UAA201509459A UA118553C2 (uk) 2013-04-12 2014-03-07 Спосіб визначення стану вогнетривкої футерівки металургійного контейнера для розплавленого металу
PCT/EP2014/054473 WO2014166678A1 (fr) 2013-04-12 2014-03-07 Procédé servant en particulier à déterminer l'état du trou de coulée d'un creuset métallurgique
CA2896916A CA2896916A1 (fr) 2013-04-12 2014-03-07 Procede servant en particulier a determiner l'etat du trou de coulee d'un creuset metallurgique
JP2016506819A JP2016519750A (ja) 2013-04-12 2014-03-07 特に冶金容器の湯出し口の状態を決定するための方法
KR1020217011221A KR102497401B1 (ko) 2013-04-12 2014-03-07 용융 금속용 야금 용기의 내화 라이닝의 상태를 결정하기 위한 방법
IL239709A IL239709A0 (en) 2013-04-12 2015-06-29 A method for determining the condition of a metallurgical receptacle's water outlet facility in a receptacle
ZA2015/05037A ZA201505037B (en) 2013-04-12 2015-07-14 Method for determining the state of the tap of a metallurgical vessel in particular
IL240485A IL240485B (en) 2013-04-12 2015-08-10 A method for determining the condition of a refractory wall of a metallurgical receptacle especially for cast metal
SA515360957A SA515360957B1 (ar) 2013-04-12 2015-08-27 طريقة لتحديد حالة بطانة صامدة للحرارة لوعاء معدني لفلز منصهر بشكل محدد
ZA2015/06533A ZA201506533B (en) 2013-04-12 2015-09-04 Method for determining the state of a fire-resistant lining of a metallurgical vessel for molten metal in particular
US16/002,419 US10935320B2 (en) 2013-04-12 2018-06-07 Method for determining the state of a refractory lining of a metallurgical vessel for molten metal in particular
JP2018212008A JP2019039668A (ja) 2013-04-12 2018-11-12 特に溶融金属用の冶金容器の耐火物ライニングの状態を決定するための方法
JP2021072326A JP2021119264A (ja) 2013-04-12 2021-04-22 特に溶融金属用の冶金容器の耐火物ライニングの状態を決定するための方法
JP2023123181A JP2023145627A (ja) 2013-04-12 2023-07-28 特に溶融金属用の冶金容器の耐火物ライニングの状態を決定するための方法

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MX2015010538A (es) 2015-11-16
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IL240485B (en) 2019-12-31
EP2789960A1 (fr) 2014-10-15
JP2019039668A (ja) 2019-03-14
WO2014166678A1 (fr) 2014-10-16
IL240485A0 (en) 2015-09-24
RU2015138120A (ru) 2017-05-17
CN105102915A (zh) 2015-11-25
CA2901222A1 (fr) 2014-10-16
NZ711079A (en) 2021-04-30
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CA2901222C (fr) 2021-08-03
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AU2014252322A1 (en) 2015-10-29
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IL239709A0 (en) 2015-08-31
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JP2016519751A (ja) 2016-07-07
MX2015011067A (es) 2016-05-05
UA118553C2 (uk) 2019-02-11
ZA201505037B (en) 2016-04-28
BR112015024597A2 (pt) 2017-07-18
KR20150143588A (ko) 2015-12-23
BR112015024594A2 (pt) 2017-07-18
RU2015138120A3 (fr) 2018-03-06
EP2789961A1 (fr) 2014-10-15
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CN105074371B (zh) 2017-07-28
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