EP3488948B1 - Procédé d'analyse de causes de défaillance lors d'une coulée continue - Google Patents

Procédé d'analyse de causes de défaillance lors d'une coulée continue Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3488948B1
EP3488948B1 EP18198707.4A EP18198707A EP3488948B1 EP 3488948 B1 EP3488948 B1 EP 3488948B1 EP 18198707 A EP18198707 A EP 18198707A EP 3488948 B1 EP3488948 B1 EP 3488948B1
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Prior art keywords
casting
fault
process parameters
cast
product
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP3488948A1 (fr
Inventor
Esra Erdem-Hornauer
Thomas Heimann
Michael Hönig
Uwe Plociennik
Uwe Grafe
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SMS Group GmbH
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SMS Group GmbH
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/16—Controlling or regulating processes or operations

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for determining the cause of casting defects in products cast in a continuous casting installation, in particular steel slabs.
  • FIGS. 1a and 1b schematically show different types of material defects that can be roughly differentiated into internal cracks and surface cracks.
  • the reference symbol S denotes a cast strand, slab, billet, bloom or round.
  • the Figure 1a shows various forms of internal cracks, such as so-called gusset cracks and triple-point cracks r1, narrow side cracks r2, half way cracks r3, segregation cracks r4, off-corner / corner cracks r5 and near-surface cracks r6.
  • Typical surface cracks are in the Figure 1b shown, for example transverse Edge cracks r7, longitudinal edge cracks r8, cross cracks r9 and longitudinal cracks / depressions r10.
  • the WO 2009/149680 A1 describes a method for predicting the formation of longitudinal cracks during continuous casting.
  • the EP 2 150 362 B1 describes a method for the detection and classification of surface defects on continuously cast slabs.
  • the detection and prediction of cracks in the material is not sufficient to determine the cause (s) of the error.
  • the cause of the error there is a lack of information about the location of the cracks, the load on the strand and weakening of the material in the continuous caster.
  • An object of the invention is to further improve the quality of continuously cast products, in particular steel slabs.
  • the method according to the invention serves to determine the causes of casting defects in products cast in a continuous casting installation.
  • the DE 10 2015 223 788 A1 describes a process for the continuous casting of a metal strand.
  • the US 2015/0343530 A1 describes systems and methods for monitoring casting processes.
  • Formulation means that the method according to the invention at least contributes to or makes it easier to find causes which can lead to casting errors.
  • the term "defect” here includes material defects of various types that were caused during the casting, in particular internal cracks and surface cracks. However, the method can also help to determine the causes of other defects, such as impurities, inhomogeneities in the material, etc., provided the defects are the result of the casting process in the continuous caster.
  • the cast product is preferably a cast steel slab, but may also be another strand product made of a metal, especially a metal alloy.
  • a defect in the continuously cast product is determined in a first step a).
  • the focus is therefore not on how errors can be recognized manually or automatically, but this is the starting point.
  • defects such as cracks, are found from micrographs of the product. It should be noted that the method naturally also includes those cases in which several defects are found in the continuously cast product. If the singular is chosen here, then this only serves to simplify the language.
  • process parameters are determined under which the product that has the previously found defect was cast.
  • the relevant process parameters can include one or more of the following parameters: dimension of the cast product, material of the cast product, cooling water distribution, cooling water quantity, pouring rate, overheating, pouring level.
  • the aim is to determine those process parameters that are required for the recalculation of the casting in accordance with step c) below.
  • Process parameters for all cast products are stored in a database or file, so that the determination in this case amounts to reading out the process parameters from the database or file.
  • step c) the simulation model can theoretically simulate the temperature distribution in the product during casting.
  • Alternative or further output variables can be the solidification course and / or the position of the sump tip and / or the temperature range sensitive to hot cracks (Brittle Temperature Range) and / or the ductility of the cast strand.
  • the theoretical recalculation of the casting is the basis for determining or identifying in a further step d) one or more positions in the continuous caster where the error is likely to have occurred.
  • the position can be determined particularly reliably if the simulation result is linked to properties of the error found in step a).
  • the defect is preferably classified according to step a) and / or characterizing features are determined, preferably the position of the defect in the product, the shape and / or size of the defect, for example the length of the crack.
  • the position of the origin of the error can thus be read off or calculated.
  • the geometry of the defect is localized in cross section after step a) and then the cross section is localized in the product.
  • the position of the occurrence of errors in the continuous casting installation is preferably drawn in a graphic representation of the casting process. However, it may also be sufficient to store the determined position in such a way that it can be assigned to the point of origin in the continuous caster, for example the segment in question.
  • the cause of the defect formation during casting can be found and the slab quality can be improved in future castings.
  • the process parameters can be checked at this point.
  • the cause of the error is thus preferably determined in a further step e), which follows step d).
  • the cause can be, for example, too much or too little cooling at the position in question, too much bulging or stretching of the strand-shaped product, an incorrect casting speed or an alloying error, etc.
  • a warning is preferably issued for a later casting and / or process parameters are set.
  • the position and the cause of the error determined from it can be fed to an online model. If there is now a likelihood of casting errors in later castings with comparable process conditions, a warning can be issued automatically.
  • automatic control of process parameters such as the casting speed, amount of water in the secondary cooling, etc., can be carried out with the aim of avoiding errors.
  • the process parameters are preferably corrected after step d).
  • the corrected process parameters can form the basis for one or more additional calculations with the aim of eliminating the cause of the error and / or optimize the process parameters.
  • the process parameters can be improved and issued as a recommendation for future castings, or used directly for adaptive control of the continuous caster.
  • the recommended changes to the process parameters can include, for example, the casting speed, cooling in the various segments of the system, soft reduction, employment, etc. The proposed changes will not take effect until the next casting.
  • One or more of the method steps described are preferably carried out on a computer basis, this applies in particular to method step c).
  • the Figure 2 shows schematically and simplified a continuous caster, the structure of which is referred to as a "vertical bending system", since the caster is first guided vertically downward by means of a strand guide, then deflected along an arc and transported horizontally.
  • the continuous casting plant 10 is used to produce a metallic product 11 and for this purpose comprises a mold 12 and an adjoining strand guide 14, along which a strand S of the metallic product 11, preferably emerging downward from the mold 12, is transported in a conveying direction F.
  • a strand S of the metallic product 11 preferably emerging downward from the mold 12
  • Below the mold 12 and on both sides of the strand are several support rollers 2 arranged, for cooling the rod S spray water 4 is applied or sprayed onto the strand S.
  • the strand S is marked with the reference line 5
  • the strand still has a liquid sump.
  • the bottom tip of the strand S is identified by the reference number 6.
  • Downstream of the sump tip 6 is the strand S at the point in the Figure 2 is marked with the reference line 7, completely solidified. Downstream of the sump tip 6, water cooling is also provided along the strand guide 14, which is identified by the reference line 8.
  • the strand guide 14 of the continuous casting plant 10 comprises a straightening area I, through which the strand S is deflected completely in the horizontal direction.
  • the strand guide 14 further comprises a bending region II, through which the strand S, after it has emerged from the mold 12, is deflected in the direction of the horizontal.
  • the straightening range I and the bending range II are shown in the Figure 2 each symbolized simply by dashed rectangles.
  • the solidification front denotes the transition between the liquid core of strand S and the strand shell, which has already solidified.
  • the front region of the solidification front as seen in the conveying direction F of the strand S, is referred to as the sump tip 6 as set out above. Since the strand first solidifies on the surface and the temperature increases from the outside inwards, the liquid core has approximately the shape of a wedge in the conveying direction, the tip of the wedge being the sump tip 6.
  • the susceptibility to hot cracking of a material is described by the temperature range BTR (Brittle Temperature Range), which is generally located in the transition area between the liquid core of strand S and the strand shell.
  • the upper limit of the BTR is called LIT (Liquid Impenetrable Temperature).
  • the lower limit of the BTR is the ZST (Zero Strength Temperature).
  • Various methods and models are known with which the BTR can be determined for the specific material, for example using the Scheil-Gulliver model.
  • the aim is to find the position of the crack formation within the continuous casting installation for cracks found, usually from micrographs. In this way, the cause of the crack formation can be determined and the slab quality can be improved in future castings.
  • the starting point are defects, such as cracks or other defects, which are discovered on cast slabs in a first step S1.
  • defects such as cracks or other defects, which are discovered on cast slabs in a first step S1.
  • One or more errors can be found, for example, on a micrograph or by means of a Baumann deduction (sulfur impression).
  • Baumann deduction sufur impression
  • step S2 characteristic properties of the fault found (analogously several faults) are determined.
  • step S3 the geometry of the defect in the cross section of the slab can be determined and, in step S3, the relevant cross section can be localized in the slab.
  • Errors found can be stored in the input mask of a software, for example, with length, position and, if necessary, alternative or other characterizing features. This can be done manually or algorithmically.
  • the casting length, melt number, sequence number and / or casting time of the product in which one or more defects were found, any existing micrographs, etc. are preferably stored.
  • a recalculation (replay) of the casting that led to the error is carried out using a casting model.
  • the recalculation is carried out using the process parameters determined from the previous step S4.
  • the location where the error originated can be graphically represented, for example in a diagram.
  • the fault position can be drawn in or otherwise stored in the graphical representations, for example of the strand shell growth, so that the position of the fault origin can be read off or calculated.
  • a re-calculation with corrected process data can be carried out beforehand according to step S7 with the aim of eliminating the cause of the error.
  • the process parameters can be optimized and given as a recommendation for future castings, or used directly for adaptive control of the continuous caster.
  • the recommended changes to the process parameters can include casting speed, cooling in the various segments of the facility, soft reduction, employment, etc. The proposed changes will not take effect until the next casting.
  • the crack position can be shown in the representation of the strand shell growth or saved in some other way. Since internal cracks generally occur on the solidification front, the position of the crack formation within the continuous casting installation 100 can be found, as in the diagram in FIG Figure 4 shown as an example of a strand of LowCarbon and with a dimension of 2,600 x 224.5 mm.
  • the location of an internal crack can be determined more precisely.
  • the crack occurs between 5.5 and 9 m below the pouring level.
  • the Figure 6 shows an example of the position of the formation of an internal crack, entered in the roll diagram of a continuous caster 100.
  • the crack was between 20 and 30 mm from the slab edge. Because internal cracks in the Usually arise on the solidification front, the bending area of the system, segment 1, can be recognized as the location of the crack formation.
  • the display of the time-based process data controls whether there were stationary or non-stationary casting conditions.
  • the determination of the positions of the crack formation is more difficult than in the case of stationary casting conditions. Accordingly, measures to prevent cracking are preferably carried out on samples that have been cast under stationary casting conditions.
  • Tracing the origin of a crack by recalculating the casting using the corresponding process parameters can be used in various ways to improve the casting quality.
  • a first stage of expansion the positions and any causes of cracks determined from them can be fed to an online model. If there is now a likelihood of casting errors in later castings with comparable process conditions, a warning can be issued automatically.
  • automatic control of the casting speed, amounts of water in the secondary cooling and / or other process parameters can be carried out with the aim of preventing crack formation avoid.
  • rules can be created and sent to the online model. With a comparable later casting, the online model can then issue warnings or adaptively control the process parameters.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Continuous Casting (AREA)

Claims (10)

  1. Procédé pour la détermination de causes de défauts de coulée que l'on constate dans des produits (S) coulés dans une installation de coulée continue (100), en particulier dans des brames en acier, qui présente :
    a) la constatation d'un défaut (r1 - r10) dans un produit coulé en continu (S) ;
    b) la détermination de paramètres opératoires conformément auxquels le produit (S) a été coulé ;
    c) le recalcul de la coulée en se référant aux paramètres opératoires avec un modèle de simulation ;
    d) la détermination d'un ou de plusieurs endroits dans l'installation de coulée continue (100) auxquels le défaut (r1 - r10) est vraisemblablement apparu, à partir d'une combinaison d'un résultat de simulation obtenu à l'étape c) avec des propriétés du défaut découvert à l'étape a).
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que, après l'étape a), on soumet le défaut (r1 - r10) à un classement et/ou on détermine des particularités caractérisantes, de préférence l'emplacement du défaut dans le produit, la forme et/ou la dimension du défaut.
  3. Procédé selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que, après l'étape a), on localise la géométrie du défaut (r1 - r10) en section transversale et on localise ensuite la section transversale dans le produit (S).
  4. Procédé selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que les paramètres opératoires comprennent un ou plusieurs des paramètres suivants : la dimension du produit coulé, la matière du produit coulé, la distribution de l'eau de refroidissement, la quantité d'eau de refroidissement, la vitesse de coulée, la surchauffe, le ménisque.
  5. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que, à l'étape c), on détermine le déroulement de la solidification et/ou la position de la pointe du cône liquide (6) et/ou les profils de température dans la barre coulée et/ou la plage de température sensible aux criques thermiques (Brittle Temperature Range) et/ou la ductilité.
  6. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que, après l'étape d), on détermine, dans une étape ultérieure e) la cause du défaut (r1 - r10).
  7. Procédé selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que, sur la base de la cause du défaut on émet un avertissement et/ou on règle ou on régule des paramètres opératoires pour une coulée ultérieure.
  8. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que, après l'étape d) a lieu une correction des paramètres opératoires.
  9. Procédé selon la revendication 8, caractérisé en ce que, après la correction des paramètres opératoires, a lieu un recalcul avec les paramètres opératoires corrigés.
  10. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'un ou plusieurs des endroits déterminés à l'étape d) sont représentées dans un diagramme, de préférence dans une représentation graphique de la croissance de la croûte solidifiée.
EP18198707.4A 2017-11-24 2018-10-04 Procédé d'analyse de causes de défaillance lors d'une coulée continue Active EP3488948B1 (fr)

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DE102017221086.9A DE102017221086A1 (de) 2017-11-24 2017-11-24 Verfahren zur Analyse von Fehlerursachen beim Stranggießen

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EP3488948B1 true EP3488948B1 (fr) 2020-01-08

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Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0909598A1 (fr) 1996-05-13 1999-04-21 Ebis Corporation Procede et appareil de coulee en continu
JP2004082150A (ja) 2002-08-26 2004-03-18 Furukawa Electric Co Ltd:The 連続鋳造方法
WO2008128504A1 (fr) 2007-04-24 2008-10-30 Sms Siemag Ag Procédé de reconnaissance et de classification de défauts de surface sur des brames coulées en continu
CN103706774A (zh) 2012-09-29 2014-04-09 宝钢不锈钢有限公司 一种甄别不锈钢板坯表面夹渣、裂纹缺陷的方法

Family Cites Families (5)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP4816130B2 (ja) * 2006-02-22 2011-11-16 Ｊｆｅスチール株式会社 鋼の連続鋳造鋳片の製造方法および鋳片の表層欠陥手入システム。
DE102008028481B4 (de) 2008-06-13 2022-12-08 Sms Group Gmbh Verfahren zur Vorhersage der Entstehung von Längsrissen beim Stranggießen
WO2015115651A1 (fr) * 2014-01-31 2015-08-06 新日鐵住金株式会社 Procédé, dispositif et programme permettant de déterminer l'état d'une coulée lors d'une coulée continue
US20150343530A1 (en) * 2014-05-30 2015-12-03 Elwha Llc Systems and methods for monitoring castings
DE102015223788A1 (de) * 2015-11-30 2017-06-01 Sms Group Gmbh Verfahren zum Stranggießen eines Metallstranges und durch dieses Verfahren erhaltener Gießstrang

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0909598A1 (fr) 1996-05-13 1999-04-21 Ebis Corporation Procede et appareil de coulee en continu
JP2004082150A (ja) 2002-08-26 2004-03-18 Furukawa Electric Co Ltd:The 連続鋳造方法
WO2008128504A1 (fr) 2007-04-24 2008-10-30 Sms Siemag Ag Procédé de reconnaissance et de classification de défauts de surface sur des brames coulées en continu
CN103706774A (zh) 2012-09-29 2014-04-09 宝钢不锈钢有限公司 一种甄别不锈钢板坯表面夹渣、裂纹缺陷的方法

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A. S. NORMANTON: "Developments in online surface and internal quality forecasting of continuously cast semis", IRONMAKING AND STEELMAKING, vol. 31, no. 5, 2004, pages 376 - 382, XP055749119
B. PATRICK, CRACK PREVENTION IN CONTINUOUS CASTING, 1998, XP055749107, ISBN: 92-828-4902-3
KURT HERZOG ET AL.: "The digitalization of the steel industry with examples from continuous casting automation", 174TH ISIJ MEETING, 6 September 2017 (2017-09-06), XP055749097
LIFENG ZHANG ET AL.: "Control of Transverse Corner Cracks on Low-Carbon Steel Slabs", SLABS. JOM, vol. 66, 2014, pages 1711 - 1720, XP035388575, DOI: 10.1007/s11837-014-1112-y
MICHAEL RIEDLER: "Thermische Abbildung einer Stranggießanlage für große Rundformate und Verifizierung der Modellergebnisse", MASTERARBEIT, 2012, XP055749113
PETER JUZA ET AL.: "Introducing the next level of quality in continuous casting automation", METEC INSTEELCON 2011, 27 June 2011 (2011-06-27), Düsseldorf D2, XP055749094
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DE102017221086A1 (de) 2019-05-29

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