EP2532775B1 - Textilsubstrat aus mehreren verschieden entsorgbaren und/oder verwertbaren Materialien, Verwendung eines derartigen Textilsubstrats und Verfahren zum Aufarbeiten eines derartigen Textilsubstrats - Google Patents

Textilsubstrat aus mehreren verschieden entsorgbaren und/oder verwertbaren Materialien, Verwendung eines derartigen Textilsubstrats und Verfahren zum Aufarbeiten eines derartigen Textilsubstrats Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2532775B1
EP2532775B1 EP20110405266 EP11405266A EP2532775B1 EP 2532775 B1 EP2532775 B1 EP 2532775B1 EP 20110405266 EP20110405266 EP 20110405266 EP 11405266 A EP11405266 A EP 11405266A EP 2532775 B1 EP2532775 B1 EP 2532775B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
subset
weft
threads
warp
region
Prior art date
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Active
Application number
EP20110405266
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
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EP2532775A1 (de
Inventor
Alfred Baumeler
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Gessner AG
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Gessner AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
Priority to PT114052665T priority Critical patent/PT2532775E/pt
Application filed by Gessner AG filed Critical Gessner AG
Priority to ES11405266T priority patent/ES2431539T3/es
Priority to PL11405266T priority patent/PL2532775T3/pl
Priority to EP20110405266 priority patent/EP2532775B1/de
Priority to SG2013084793A priority patent/SG194992A1/en
Priority to KR1020137034997A priority patent/KR101693198B1/ko
Priority to MYPI2013004124A priority patent/MY181604A/en
Priority to MX2013013782A priority patent/MX2013013782A/es
Priority to PCT/CH2012/000125 priority patent/WO2012167394A2/de
Priority to RU2013155630/12A priority patent/RU2557513C1/ru
Priority to BR112013031490-7A priority patent/BR112013031490B1/pt
Priority to CA2835653A priority patent/CA2835653C/en
Priority to JP2014513874A priority patent/JP5798242B2/ja
Priority to AU2012267143A priority patent/AU2012267143B2/en
Priority to CN201280027899.5A priority patent/CN103635617B/zh
Priority to US14/123,356 priority patent/US9683318B2/en
Publication of EP2532775A1 publication Critical patent/EP2532775A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2532775B1 publication Critical patent/EP2532775B1/de
Priority to ZA2013/08557A priority patent/ZA201308557B/en
Priority to HK14109115.5A priority patent/HK1196146A1/zh
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D03—WEAVING
    • D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
    • D03D15/00—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used
    • D03D15/60—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the warp or weft elements other than yarns or threads
    • D03D15/68—Scaffolding threads, i.e. threads removed after weaving
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D03—WEAVING
    • D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
    • D03D13/00—Woven fabrics characterised by the special disposition of the warp or weft threads, e.g. with curved weft threads, with discontinuous warp threads, with diagonal warp or weft
    • D03D13/004—Woven fabrics characterised by the special disposition of the warp or weft threads, e.g. with curved weft threads, with discontinuous warp threads, with diagonal warp or weft with weave pattern being non-standard or providing special effects
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
    • B07B13/00—Grading or sorting solid materials by dry methods, not otherwise provided for; Sorting articles otherwise than by indirectly controlled devices
    • B07B13/003—Separation of articles by differences in their geometrical form or by difference in their physical properties, e.g. elasticity, compressibility, hardness
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D03—WEAVING
    • D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
    • D03D13/00—Woven fabrics characterised by the special disposition of the warp or weft threads, e.g. with curved weft threads, with discontinuous warp threads, with diagonal warp or weft
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/23907—Pile or nap type surface or component
    • Y10T428/23979—Particular backing structure or composition
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/30—Woven fabric [i.e., woven strand or strip material]
    • Y10T442/3179—Woven fabric is characterized by a particular or differential weave other than fabric in which the strand denier or warp/weft pick count is specified
    • Y10T442/322—Warp differs from weft
    • Y10T442/3228—Materials differ

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a warp and weft fabric substrate comprising a plurality of differently disposable and / or recoverable materials or a plurality of disposable and / or recoverable materials selected from different recovery groups, a use of such a textile substrate, and a method of processing such a textile substrate.
  • Textile substrates are largely designed as consumer goods and are usually disposed of according to their intended use, so that the materials from which they are made, are no longer used or recycled. Mention is the disposal of landfills or waste incineration. In a few cases, predominantly with textile substrates made of expensive materials, for example, the tearing of the textile substrate (decomposition into the fiber constituents) has established itself as a relatively simple process. In the case of textile substrates made of thermoplastic polymers, thermal deformation has become established as the obvious solution. The above-mentioned methods are used to reprocess the used textile substrates and to enable a recycling of the materials contained in the textile substrate.
  • textile substrates are known. "Recyclable” in this context means that a technical recycling of the materials contained in the textile substrate or a return of these materials to nature is possible without having to accept a loss of quality.
  • textile substrates may be mentioned which are useful biodegradable for the soil and therefore can undergo a "natural cycle”.
  • textile substrates made of materials which can be utilized in a “technical cycle” for example textile substrates of polyamide 6, which can be recycled to a polymeric precursor via chemical (corresponding to "technical" processes.
  • Recirculating textile substrates are known which are qualified to circulate in "endless” (ie repeated to be traversed) natural or technical circuits.
  • Such textile substrates are usually sorted, for example, from natural fibers or natural fibers, polymers or similar polymer groups (polymers and co-polymers) constructed. If these textile substrates contain mixtures of a plurality of materials, these materials are generally chosen so that all materials together are either biodegradable (this is the case, for example, for a textile substrate made of wool and regenerated cellulose) or can be reused with a technical process ( This is the case, for example, with a textile substrate made of a polymer and a co-polymer).
  • a textile substrate which is to be used as a seat cover is to be manufactured exclusively from natural fibers or from natural chemical fibers or from blends of these fibers in order to achieve that this textile substrate is suitable for a biological cycle, a complex and correspondingly cost-intensive construction is required of the textile substrate in order to achieve, for example, that this textile substrate can additionally meet high requirements for scouring resistance, which is desirable in the case of seat covers.
  • Textile substrates made of materials which are suitable for working up in a technical cycle (eg polymeric materials), due to their material properties with regard to certain functions also associated with disadvantages.
  • Pure polymeric materials for example, can not meet the requirements which seat cover upholstery should fulfill in terms of moisture absorption, moisture buffering, metered cooling or heat transfer.
  • Textile substrates are also known which contain both fibers of materials of technical origin and fibers of natural origin.
  • textile substrates are known which contain yarns which are produced by spinning mixtures of fibers of materials of technical origin and fibers of natural origin.
  • blends of materials of natural origin and materials of engineering origin are also realized by making certain warp threads and / or wefts each of a material of natural origin and other warp threads and / or wefts of a material of technical origin.
  • warp and weft fabric substrates blends of materials of natural origin and materials of engineering origin are also realized by making certain warp threads and / or wefts each of a material of natural origin and other warp threads and / or wefts of a material of technical origin.
  • mixtures of different materials containing textile substrates are also called "hybrids" and assets - just because of the mixture of different materials - to cover a particularly wide range of applications.
  • the known “hybrids” have the disadvantage that recovery in natural or technical circuits is made difficult or prevented precisely because of the mixtures of different materials.
  • These textile substrates usually contain a mixture of materials which differ in such a way that disposal and / or utilization of the textile substrate as a whole in a single (natural or technical) cycle is generally not possible or too costly.
  • different materials contained in the mixture would first have to be separated from one another, so that the various materials can subsequently be worked up separately from one another in different processes and utilized largely free of undesired admixtures of other materials.
  • conventional textile substrates however, such a separation of the various materials is usually extremely complicated. An example of this are carpets.
  • carpets made of pure wool which are still available are unsuitable for biological recovery, because they can be provided with non-biodegradable agents (eg non-degradable dyes or agents for stain protection or flame retardancy).
  • non-biodegradable agents eg non-degradable dyes or agents for stain protection or flame retardancy.
  • the majority of carpets are made of engineering materials.
  • fitted carpets have back constructions, which usually contain bitumen or polyurethane in combination with polymers such as polyolefins, polyesters or even polyamides on the useful side (also called pile side). Because of the different polymers, such carpets are unsuitable for working up in a technical cycle. Only at the expense of considerable effort, it is possible to mechanically and or chemically separate at least certain components, such as the carpet pile from the back of the carpet and prepare accordingly.
  • the present invention has for its object to avoid the disadvantages mentioned and to provide a textile substrate which contains on the one hand several different materials that are differently disposable and / or exploitable (ie, separated from each other, eg in different circuits), and a cost-effective workup of the Textile substrate allows in which the different materials can be easily separated from each other, so that these materials can be disposed of separately and / or recycled. Furthermore, a use of such a textile substrate and a corresponding method for working up such a textile substrate should be specified. The various disposable and / or recyclable materials should also be selected from different "utilization groups".
  • a utilization group is to be understood as meaning a group of several materials which, although different, can nevertheless be disposed of together and / or recycled so that they are disposed of before disposal need not be disassembled or recycled. Examples of such utilization groups are explained below. Materials selected from various recovery groups are accordingly considered to be differently disposable and / or exploitable.
  • the textile substrate accordingly contains at least two differently disposable and / or utilizable materials or a plurality of materials which are selected from at least two different utilization groups.
  • the respectively differently disposable and / or utilizable materials in the textile substrate are each present in different warp threads and / or different weft threads.
  • the differently disposable and / or utilizable materials in the textile substrate are spatially separated, ie distributed to different warp and / or weft threads.
  • respective warp threads and weft threads which belong to the first subset of the totality of all the warp threads and weft threads are each jointly disposable and / or utilizable.
  • respective warp threads and / or weft threads belonging to the second subset of the totality of all warp threads and weft threads are each collectively disposable and / or utilizable.
  • the respective warp threads and weft threads of the first subset and the respective warp threads and / or weft threads of the second subset are each disposable and / or utilizable in different ways, e.g. in different circuits.
  • the respective warp threads and weft threads of the first subset and the warp threads and / or weft threads of the second subset are arranged in the at least one region of the layer in a particular manner relative to each other and relative to the first surface and the second surface.
  • each individual one of the warp threads of the second subset which extend through the at least one region of the layer, crosses each individual one of those weft threads of the first subset, which extend through the at least one region of the layer, on a side facing the first surface, It is achieved that the respective warp threads of the second subset in the at least one region, the respective weft threads of the first subset cross exclusively on the same side and therefore not in the at least one area by the respective weft threads of the first
  • Subset are bound or held in the textile substrate. Due to the fact that each individual one of those warp threads of the first subset, which extend through the at least one region of the layer, crosses at least one weft thread of the first subset in the at least one region of the layer on a side facing the second surface, it is additionally achieved that the respective warp threads of the first subset and the respective warp threads of the second subset in the at least one region in each case intersect at least one weft thread of the first subset on different sides.
  • this type of intersection in warp and weft has the effect that in the at least one region the respective weft threads of the first subset a spatial separation (separation) between cause the respective warp threads of the first subset and the respective warp threads of the second subset.
  • This spatial separation is an essential prerequisite for the respective warp threads and weft threads of the first subset to be able to be separated from the respective warp threads of the second subset in a simple manner.
  • the third subset of the entirety of the warp threads and weft threads has the function of binding the warp threads and weft threads of the first subset and the warp threads and / or weft threads of the second subset in the at least one area.
  • this binding is achieved in that the third subset contains at least one weft thread which extends through the at least one region of the layer and is arranged such that it comprises at least one weft thread of the third subset in the at least one region the layer crosses at least one warp thread of the first subset on a side facing the second surface and at least one warp thread the second subset crossed at one of the first surface side facing.
  • This at least one weft thread of the third subset delimits in the at least one region the respective warp threads of the first subset and the respective warp threads of the second subset between the first surface and the second surface of the layer and thus provides a prerequisite for the warp and weft threads of the first subset and the respective warp and / or weft threads of the second subset are held in the at least one region in the layer and thus held together in the layer together.
  • each warp thread of the third subset or each weft of the third subset consists of a destructible material and the destructible material of the at least one weft thread of the third subset by means of a chemical and / or physical process is destructible such that the second subset in the at least a region of the layer is no longer bound to the first subset, it is achieved that the textile substrate passes by application of the respective chemical and / or physical process in a state which in the at least one area a spatial separation of the respective warp threads and wefts of the first Subset allowed by the respective warp threads of the second subset.
  • the respective warp threads of the first subset and the second subset which were bound together in the textile substrate by means of the at least one weft thread of the third subset, now in which at least one area is mechanically separated. Since the respective warp threads of the second subset in the at least one area cross over the weft threads of the first subset on a side facing the first surface, the respective warp threads of the second subset can be destroyed disturbance of the at least one weft thread of the third subset in the at least one area of the respective warp threads and weft threads of the first subset in the direction of the first surface removed and thus separated.
  • the textile substrate according to variant 2 differs from the textile substrate according to variant 1 essentially in that the arrangement or the function of the respective weft threads in the textile substrate according to variant 2 correspond to the arrangement or the function of the respective warp threads in the textile substrate according to variant 1 and the arrangement or corresponding to the function of the respective warp threads in the textile substrate according to variant 2 of the arrangement or the function of the respective weft threads in the textile substrate according to variant 1.
  • the properties and advantages mentioned above with regard to the warp threads or the weft threads of the textile substrate according to variant 1 therefore correspond analogously to the properties and advantages which are attributable to the weft threads or the warp threads of the textile substrate according to variant 2.
  • the third subset of the totality of all warp threads and weft threads contains at least one warp thread made of a destructible material, which causes weft threads of the first subset and weft threads of the second subset in the at least one region of the layer to be bound together the at least one warp thread of the third subset is not destroyed.
  • the weft threads of the second subset in the at least one area are no longer bound to the weft threads of the first subset, so that the weft threads of the second subset in the at least one area of the Warp threads and weft threads of the first subset can be separated (analogously to separating the warp threads of the second subset in the case of the textile substrate according to variant 1).
  • An embodiment of the textile substrate according to variant 1 is characterized in that the second subset contains a plurality of warp threads, which extend through the at least one region of the layer, and the second subset contains at least one weft thread, said at least one weft thread of the second subset through the extends at least a portion of the layer and in the at least a portion of the layer crosses one or more warp threads of the second subset on a side facing the first surface and one or more warp threads of the second subset on a side facing the second surface, wherein each of those warp threads of second subset, which extend through the at least one region of the layer on which the first surface facing side of at least one of the following weft threads is crossed: (i) the at least one weft thread of the second subset, (ii) the at least one weft of the third subset.
  • a plurality of warp threads of the second subset in the at least one region of the layer can be held in the layer by one or more weft threads crossing the warp threads of the second subset on the side facing the first surface.
  • the at least one weft thread of the third subset does not have to cross all the warp threads of the second subset on the side facing the first surface.
  • the second subset which of the at least one weft thread
  • the second subset which extends through the at least one region of the layer, are crossed on a side facing the first surface, can also be held exclusively by this at least one weft thread of the second subset in the at least one region of the layer, said at least one Weft of the second subset in which at least a portion of the layer is held by the fact that it crosses one or more warp threads of the second subset on a side facing the first surface and one or more warp threads of the second subset on a side facing the second surface.
  • a warp thread of the second subset in the at least one region of the layer can also be crossed both by the at least one weft thread of the third subset and by the at least one weft thread of the second subset on the side facing the first surface, and thus in the at least one region the layer are kept. If the at least one weft thread of the third subset is destroyed, then the warp threads of the second subset and the at least one weft thread of the second subset in the at least one region of the layer can be removed from the respective warp threads and weft threads of the first subset in the direction of the first surface and thus separated become.
  • the warp threads of the second subset and the at least one weft thread of the second subset can be individually separated from the respective warp threads and weft threads of the first subset after a destruction of the at least one weft thread of the third subset, especially since the warp threads of the second subset of the at least one Weft of the second subset are crossed only on one side and consequently can not be held together by the at least one weft thread, that the warp threads of the second subset and the at least one weft thread of the second subset together form a stable, flat-shaped unit.
  • a development of the aforementioned embodiment of the textile substrate according to variant 1 is characterized in that the first subset comprises a plurality of warp threads which extend through the at least one region of the layer and which of the at least one weft thread of the third subset in the at least one region of the layer on a side facing the second surface and the first subset includes one or more weft threads extending through the at least a portion of the layer, and in the at least a portion of the layer, those warp threads of the first subset extending through the at least a portion of the layer at one of cross the first surface facing side.
  • the warp threads of the first subset in the at least one region of the layer are respectively bound by the at least one weft thread of the third subset to the warp threads and weft threads of the second subset. If the at least one weft thread of the third subset is destroyed by an application of the chemical and / or physical method, then the respective warp threads and weft threads of the first subset in the at least one region of the layer are no longer bound to the warp threads and weft threads of the second subset.
  • the warp threads of the first subset are spatially separated from the warp threads of the second subset by the weft threads of the first subset, especially since the weft threads of the first subset in the at least one region of the layer, the warp threads of the second subset on a side facing the second surface and the warp threads cross the first subset on a side facing the first surface.
  • the respective warp threads and weft threads of the first subset in the at least one region of the layer can be removed from the respective warp threads and weft threads of the second subset in the direction of the second surface and thus separated.
  • the warp threads and weft threads of the first subset individually separated from the respective warp threads and weft threads of the second subset, especially since the warp threads of the first subset of the weft threads of the first subset are each crossed on the same side and thus can not be held together by the weft threads of the first subset such that the warp threads and weft the first subset together form a stable, area-trained unit.
  • a further embodiment of the textile substrate according to variant 1 is characterized in that the first subset contains a plurality of warp threads which extend through the at least one region of the layer, and the first subset contains at least two weft threads which extend through the at least one region of the layer wherein each of the at least two weft threads of the first subset in the at least one region of the layer crosses one or more of the warp threads of the first subset on a side facing the first surface and one or more of the warp threads of the first subset on a side facing the second surface; so that each one of those warp threads of the first subset which extend through the at least one region of the layer, in the at least one region of the layer on the side facing the first surface of one of the at least two weft threads of the first subset and on the the second surface facing side of the other of the at least two weft threads of the first subset is crossed.
  • the warp threads and weft thread of the first subset intersect each other in the at least one region of the layer in such a way that the warp threads and weft threads of the first subset together form a stable, flat-shaped unit.
  • this unit is bound as a whole to the respective warp threads and weft threads of the second subset and, after destruction of the at least one Weft of the third subset are removed as a whole from the warp threads and weft threads of the second subset in the direction of the second surface. The latter simplifies a separation of the second subset considerably.
  • a refinement of the abovementioned embodiment of the textile substrate according to variant 1 is characterized in that the second subset contains a plurality of warp threads which extend through the at least one region of the layer and cross over from the at least one weft thread of the third subset on a side facing the first surface are. Also in this case, the warp threads and weft thread of the first subset intersect each other in the at least one region of the layer in such a way that the warp threads and weft threads of the first subset together form a stable, flat unit. All the warp threads of the second subset in the at least one region of the layer are individually bonded to this unit by means of the at least one weft thread of the third subset.
  • the warp threads of the second subset can be separated and removed individually from the warp threads and weft threads of the first subset.
  • the textile substrate is thus in the present case, after destroying the at least one weft thread of the third subset in the at least one region of the layer into individual warp threads of the second subset and said unit, formed from the mutually crossing warp threads and weft threads of the first subset, disassembled.
  • the second subset contains a plurality of warp threads, which extend through the at least one region of the layer, and the second subset at least one Weft contains, wherein said at least one weft thread of the second subset extends through the at least a portion of the layer and in the at least a portion of the layer one or more warp threads of the second subset on a side facing the first surface and one or more warp threads of the second subset crossed on a side facing the second surface, wherein each of those warp threads of the second subset, which extend through the at least one region of the layer, on the side facing the first surface of at least one of the following weft threads is crossed: (i) the at least one Weft of the second subset, (ii) the at least one weft of the third subset.
  • the warp threads and weft thread of the first subset intersect each other in the at least one region of the layer in such a way that the warp threads and weft threads of the first subset together form a stable, flat unit.
  • the respective warp threads of the second subset are bound to this unit in the at least one region of the layer by one or more weft threads crossing the warp threads of the second subset on the side facing the first surface.
  • the at least one weft thread of the third subset does not have to cross all the warp threads of the second subset on the side facing the first surface.
  • the layer of the layer is held by having one or more warp threads of the second subset on one side facing the first surface and one or more warp threads of the second subset on a the second surface facing side crossed.
  • a warp thread of the second subset in the at least one region of the layer can also be crossed both by the at least one weft thread of the third subset and by the at least one weft thread of the second subset on the side facing the first surface, and thus in the at least one region the layer are kept.
  • the warp threads of the second subset and the at least one weft thread of the second subset in the at least one region of the layer can be removed from the respective warp threads and weft threads of the first subset in the direction of the first surface and thus separated become.
  • the warp threads of the second subset and the at least one weft thread of the second subset can be separated individually from the respective warp threads and weft threads of the first subset, especially since the warp threads of the second subset are separated from the at least one weft thread of the second subset Subset are crossed only on one side and thus can not be held together by the at least one weft thread of the second subset that the warp threads of the second subset and the at least one weft thread of the second subset together form a stable, flat-shaped unit.
  • the textile substrate is therefore in the present case after destroying the at least one weft thread of the third subset in the at least one region of the layer into individual warp threads and weft threads of the second subset and said unit formed from the intersecting warp threads and weft threads of the first subset, dismantled.
  • the second subset comprises a plurality of warp threads which extends through at least a portion of the layer and the second subset includes at least two weft threads extending through the at least one portion of the layer, each of the at least two weft threads of the second subset in the at least one portion of the layer or more of the warp threads of the second subset on a side facing the first surface and crosses one or more of the warp threads of the second subset on a side facing the second surface, so that each one of those warp threads of the second subset which extends through the at least one region of the layer extend, in which at least a portion of the layer on the side facing the first surface of one of the at least two weft threads of the second subset and on the second surface facing side of the other of the at least two weft threads of the second subset is crossed, and d at least one weft thread of the third subset, one or
  • the warp threads and weft thread of the first subset intersect each other in the at least one region of the layer such that the warp threads and weft threads of the first subset together form a stable, flat-shaped unit - hereinafter referred to as "first unit”.
  • first unit the warp threads and the weft thread of the second subset intersect each other in the at least one region of the layer in such a way that the warp threads and weft threads of the second subset together form a stable, flat-shaped unit - hereinafter "second unit”. called form.
  • the warp threads of the first subset or of the second subset contained in these two units are crossed by the at least one weft thread of the third subset such that both units are bonded to one another in the at least one region of the layer.
  • the textile substrate is thus in the present case after destroying the at least one weft thread of the third subset in the at least one region of the layer in said "first unit", formed of intersecting warps and wefts of the first subset, and said "second unit ", formed from the mutually crossing warp threads and weft threads of the second subset, dismountable. In this way, the first and the second subset can be separated from one another particularly efficiently.
  • various embodiments of the textile substrate according to variant 2 are mentioned, which differ from the already mentioned embodiments of the textile substrate according to variant 1 in that the arrangement or the function of the respective weft threads in the embodiments of the textile substrate according to variant 2 of the arrangement or the Correspond to the function of the respective warp threads in the embodiments of the textile substrate according to variant 1 and the arrangement or the function of the respective warp threads in the embodiments of the textile substrate according to variant 2 of the arrangement or the function of the respective weft threads in the embodiments of the textile substrate according to variant 1 correspond.
  • An embodiment of the textile substrate according to variant 2 is characterized in that the second subset contains a plurality of weft threads which extend through the at least one region of the layer, and the second subset contains at least one warp thread, this at least one warp thread of the second subset through the extends at least a portion of the layer and in the at least a portion of the layer crosses one or more weft threads of the second subset on a side facing the first surface and one or more weft threads of the second subset on a second surface facing side, wherein each of those weft threads of second subset, which extend through the at least one region of the layer on which the first surface facing side of at least one of the following warp threads is crossed: (i) the at least one warp thread of the second subset, (ii) the at least one en Warp thread of the third subset.
  • a development of the abovementioned embodiment of the textile substrate according to variant 2 is characterized in that the first subset contains a plurality of weft threads which extend through the at least one region of the layer and which of the at least one warp thread of the third subset in the at least one region of the layer one side facing the second surface, and the first subset includes one or more warp threads extending through the at least a portion of the layer and in the at least a portion of the layer those weft threads of the first subset passing through the at least one portion of the layer Layer extend, cross over on one of the first surface facing side.
  • a further embodiment of the textile substrate according to the variant 2 is characterized in that the first subset includes a plurality of weft threads extending through the extending at least a portion of the layer, and the first subset includes at least two warp threads extending through the at least a portion of the layer, each of the at least two warp threads of the first subset in the at least one portion of the layer comprising one or more of the weft threads of the first one Subset on one of the first surface facing side and crosses one or more of the weft threads of the first subset on a side facing the second surface, so that each one of those weft threads of the first subset, which extend through the at least a portion of the layer in the at least one Area of the layer on the first surface facing side of one of the at least two warp threads of the first subset and on the second surface facing side of the other of the at least two warp threads of the first subset is crossed.
  • a refinement of the abovementioned embodiment of the textile substrate according to variant 2 is characterized in that the second subset contains a plurality of weft threads which extend through the at least one region of the layer and cross over from the at least one warp thread of the third subset on a side facing the first surface are.
  • the second subset contains a plurality of weft threads which extend through the at least a portion of the layer, and the second subset contains at least one warp thread
  • said at least one warp thread of second subset extends through the at least one region of the layer and in the at least one region of the layer one or more weft threads of the second subset facing on one of the first surface Side and one or more weft threads of the second subset on a side facing the second surface, wherein each of those weft threads of the second subset, which extend through the at least a portion of the layer, on the first surface facing side of at least one of the following warp threads is crossed: (i) the at least one warp thread of the second subset, (ii) the at least one warp thread of the third subset.
  • the second subset contains a plurality of weft threads which extend through the at least one region of the layer
  • the second subset contains at least two warp threads, which extend through the at least one Extending portion of the layer, wherein each of the at least two warp threads of the second subset in the at least a portion of the layer, one or more of the weft threads of the second subset on a side facing the first surface and one or more of the weft threads of the second subset on one of the second surface so that each one of those weft threads of the second subset, which extend through the at least one region of the layer, in the at least one region of the layer on the first surface facing side of one of at least zw ei warp threads of the second subset and on the second surface facing side of the other of the at least two warp threads of the second subset is crossed, and the at least one warp thread of the third
  • a textile substrate can have both the features of the inventive textile substrate according to variant 1 or an embodiment of this textile substrate and the features of the inventive textile substrate according to variant 2 or an embodiment of this textile substrate. It is conceivable that a textile substrate is formed in a region corresponding to the at least one region of the inventive textile substrate according to variant 1 and accordingly there has at least one weft thread of the third subset and formed in another region corresponding to the at least one region of the inventive textile substrate according to variant 2 is and there accordingly has at least one warp thread of the third subset.
  • a textile substrate to be formed in a single area corresponding to the at least one area of the inventive textile substrate according to variant 1 or an embodiment of this textile substrate and corresponding to the at least one area of the textile substrate according to variant 2 or an embodiment of this textile substrate and accordingly there Has at least one weft thread of the third subset and a warp thread of the third subset.
  • the warp threads and weft threads of the first subset and the warp threads and / or weft threads of the second subset outside the at least one area are bonded to each other, for example by gluing or by suitable crossovers between the warp threads and weft threads, which bonds between the warp threads and weft threads outside the at least one area effect.
  • the warp and weft yarns of the first subset and the Warp threads and / or weft threads of the second subset are separated from each other after destroying the at least one weft thread if parts of the textile substrate are removed outside the at least one region or if any bonds outside the at least one region are dissolved or removed.
  • the invention can also be designed so that the "at least one area" is identical to the entire textile substrate.
  • the warp and / or weft yarns of the third subset may in principle consist of materials which can be destroyed by a chemical and / or physical process which is applicable to the textile substrate as a whole, wherein after application of the chemical and / or physical process Warp threads and weft threads of the first and second subsets are to be in a state which allows the warp threads and weft threads of the first subset to be separated from the warp threads and weft threads of the second subset and to be disposed of separately from one another as desired.
  • weft threads or the warp threads of the third subset consist of one of the following materials or a mixture of the following materials: polyvinyl alcohol, starch, polylactides , Co-polyamide, co-polyester, co-polyolefins, acetate, polyolefins.
  • the warp threads and / or weft threads of the third subset consist of polyvinyl alcohol (also known by the abbreviation PVA or PVOH).
  • PVA polyvinyl alcohol
  • PVOH polyvinyl alcohol
  • PVA fibers exist in various embodiments and, depending on the embodiment, under different conditions e.g. soluble in water.
  • various types of PVA fibers are available (eg, under the trade name "Solvron" available from NITIVY Ltd. Tokyo, Japan), which (depending on the degree of crystallization) at various temperatures in the range of about 30 ° C (in cold water) to about 100 ° C (in hot water) may be soluble.
  • the respective warp and weft threads of the third subset are made of PVA, then these warp and weft threads can be removed from the textile substrate by dissolving in water, e.g. by washing the textile substrate in water at a suitably chosen temperature.
  • PVA also has the advantage that it can be transferred to local sewage treatment plants without further treatment of the wash water and can be recovered from the wash water.
  • PVA fibers which can be dissolved in water at a low temperature, have the advantage that they can be removed with particularly simple means, for example with commercially available washing machines.
  • the stability of the inventive textile substrate is at risk if the warp threads and / or weft yarns of the third subset can be damaged at temperatures that may occur during normal use of the textile substrate, for example by spilled hot drinks or steam to smooth the textile substrate.
  • the warp threads and / or weft threads of a type PVA which is soluble in water at high temperatures.
  • PVA fibers have proved useful for this purpose, which are soluble by boiling in water at a temperature of about 105-110 ° C under a pressure of about 0.5-1 bar.
  • this has the advantage that suitable technical systems for carrying out such a cooking process are available worldwide, so that textile substrates according to the invention could be treated worldwide with existing systems in order to destroy warp threads or weft threads of the third subset consisting of such PVA fibers.
  • warp threads or weft threads of the third subset consisting of such PVA fibers can securely hold together the warp threads and / or weft threads of the first subset and the second subset during the entire use cycle of the textile substrate according to the invention.
  • household laundry of the textile substrate is easily possible at low and medium temperatures.
  • PVA types which are soluble at temperatures below 105 ° C. can also be used for the warp threads and weft threads of the third subset.
  • PVA types could be used, which could be solved already in cooking, ie by means of a commercial washing machine.
  • PVA grades which are soluble at temperatures below 60 ° C are not suitable because otherwise the textile substrate could be damaged in use.
  • warp threads and / or weft threads of the third subset consist of starch
  • these warp threads and Weft threads are dissolved in water, for example by boiling the textile substrate in water (optionally under pressure).
  • warp threads and / or weft threads of the third subset consist of polylactides
  • these warp threads and weft threads in the inventive textile substrate can be destroyed if the textile substrate is heated, for example, to temperatures of about 170 ° C., for example by infrared irradiation.
  • the polylactides become brittle and can decompose if necessary.
  • the warp threads and / or weft threads of the third subset can be decomposed by mechanical stresses into a multiplicity of small particles which can detach from the textile substrate.
  • the warp threads and / or weft threads of the third subset can be removed from the textile substrate particularly efficiently if the textile substrate is moved after heating in a solvent, for example by washing in an alkaline solution.
  • This process can be carried out, for example, in a conventional household washing machine at temperatures of 60-95 ° C.
  • warp threads and / or weft threads of the third subset consist of co-polyamide or co-polyester
  • these warp threads and / or weft threads can be destroyed by heating the textile substrate.
  • Co-polyamide and co-polyester have a relatively low melting temperature (for example, compared to polyamide or polyester), so that the textile substrate only has to be heated above the melting temperature of co-polyamide or co-polyester to form the warp threads and / or wefts of the destroy third subset.
  • warp threads and / or weft threads of the third subset consist of co-polyolefins or acetate
  • these warp threads and / or weft threads are dissolved, for example, in a solvent.
  • Warp threads and / or weft threads made of co-polyolefins can be dissolved, for example by washing the textile substrate in perchlorate at 60-70 ° C.
  • Acetate warp yarns and / or weft yarns can be dissolved, for example, by washing the textile substrate in acetone.
  • warp threads and / or weft threads of the third subset consist of polyolefins
  • these warp threads and / or weft threads can be destroyed, for example, by freezing the textile substrate.
  • the freezing leads in this case to embrittlement of the warp threads and / or weft threads of the third subset, so that these warp threads can be destroyed by mechanical splintering.
  • the textile substrate of the invention may contain a variety of different materials in combination.
  • Materials which are preferably suitable for the realization of such a textile substrate can be divided into a plurality of utilization groups, each of which comprises jointly disposable and / or utilizable materials.
  • An example of a division into recovery groups is given in Table 1. ⁇ b> Table 1: ⁇ / b> Recycling Groups No.
  • natural fibers eg wool, cotton, linen, ramie 2 mineral fibers eg glass, carbon, basalt, asbestos 3 metals eg copper, aluminum and aluminum alloys, chrome steel, tin, brass 4
  • Natural chemical fibers eg cellulose regenerants (Viscose (VI), Modal (MOD), Lyocel / Tencel (LYC)), acetate, triacetate 5 chemical fibers eg polyester, polyamide, polyolefins, acrylic, aramids - aromatic polyamide (eg high-strength kevlar)
  • the materials which belong to various recovery groups mentioned in Table 1 generally have different properties which may contribute to the optimization of various technical functions of the inventive textile substrate.
  • the materials of the utilization group No. 1 (natural fibers) and the utilization group 4 (natural chemical fibers) are, for example, moisture-regulating and are therefore suitable for giving the textile substrate a body-friendly, physiologically pleasant effect.
  • recovery group no. 2 (mineral fibers) and recovery group 3 (metals) are particularly relevant for technically functional applications of textile substrates.
  • the materials of utilization group No. 5 are of particular importance for the technical performance of the textile substrate, for example with regard to abrasion resistance.
  • the materials of the utilization group No. 1 can be used, for example, in biological cycles, the materials of the other utilization groups can be utilized in different technical circuits.
  • the textile substrate according to the invention thus has the advantage that several differently disposable and / or recoverable materials or multiple disposable and / or recoverable materials selected from different recovery groups are combined in a single textile substrate and can be held together in a layer by means of the destructible warp threads and / or weft threads of the third subset. Different combinations of materials can be selected to specifically optimize properties of the textile substrate as desired.
  • the respective warp threads and weft threads of the first subset and the respective warp threads and weft threads of the second subset are in an arrangement which provides a simple, cost-effective separation of the respective differently disposable and / or utilizable materials or the materials selected from the various exploitation groups.
  • a further embodiment of the textile substrate according to the invention is characterized in that the first of the differently disposable and / or utilizable materials is a natural fiber or a natural chemical fiber or a disposable and / or recoverable material in a biological cycle or the first of the various utilization groups natural fibers and / or or natural chemical fibers and / or materials usable in a biological cycle.
  • This textile substrate offers the advantage that one side of the textile substrate (the second surface) can be optimized with regard to a body-friendly, physiologically pleasant effect.
  • the other side of the textile substrate (the first surface) can be optimized in other respects by a suitable choice of the materials of the warp and / or weft threads of the second subset.
  • a further embodiment of the textile substrate according to the invention is characterized in that the second of the different disposable and / or utilizable materials consists of a synthetic material or a material which can be disposed of and / or utilized in a technical cycle or the second of the various utilization groups comprises synthetic materials or materials that can be disposed of and / or recycled in a technical cycle.
  • a further embodiment of the textile substrate according to the invention is characterized in that the first of the differently disposable and / or utilizable materials and the second of the differently disposable and / or utilizable materials can be disposed of and / or utilized in various technical circuits or the materials of the various recovery groups respectively are disposable and / or utilizable in various technical circuits.
  • the textile substrate according to the invention furthermore has the advantage that it can be produced by means of a multiplicity of techniques.
  • the textile substrate can be embodied, for example, as tissue in a shaft, jacquard, leno, pile, rod or lancet technique.
  • the textile substrate according to the invention contains different materials, it can be optimized for many different applications and is therefore versatile in use.
  • the inventive textile substrate is particularly suitable for use as a seat cover, furnishing, clothing, functional, protective, security, wall, floor covering or medical textile or as part of a seat cover, furnishing, clothing, functional , Protection, safety, wall, flooring or medical textile.
  • a further development of this method additionally comprises the step of disposing or recycling the warp threads and / or weft threads of the second subset separately after separating from the warp threads and / or weft threads of the first subset.
  • Fig. 1 shows a perspective view of a textile substrate 1 according to the invention in the form of a fabric, which extends parallel to a plane in the present example.
  • the textile substrate 1 in this case forms a planar layer with the thickness d and has a first surface O1 and a second surface 02 opposite the first surface O1.
  • the Fig. 3-12 show various embodiments of the textile substrate 1, these embodiments being referred to below by the reference numerals 1A-1G.
  • the specific details which are given in the Fig. 3-12 are realized are realized "in at least one area" of the respective textile substrate 1A-1G.
  • This at least one area is referred to below as 1-1.
  • the region 1-1 can only be part of the respective textile substrate, such as, for example in Fig. 1 shown schematically (the dash-dot line in Fig. 1 marks an outer edge of area 1-1).
  • those in the Fig. 3-12 Details shown not necessarily be realized outside the range 1-1.
  • the region 1-1 is identical to the textile substrate itself. In this case, those would be in the Fig. 3-12 shown details representative of the entire textile substrate.
  • the textile substrates 1A-1G at least two (in the case of the textile substrates 1F and 1G at least three) differently disposable and / or recyclable materials or more disposable and / or usable, from at least two (in the case of the textile substrates 1F and 1G contains at least three materials selected from different use groups. Examples of such materials or utilization groups are shown in Table 1.
  • the textile substrates 1A-1G are each composed of a warp multiple warp and a weft comprising a plurality of weft yarns, each warp yarn crossing a plurality of weft yarns and each weft yarn crossing a plurality of warp yarns, so that the warp and the weft together form one (the Surface 01 and 02) forming layer.
  • the textile substrates 1A-1G are all designed as "textile substrate according to variant 1" of the invention.
  • the totality of all the warp threads and weft threads of each of the textile substrates 1A-1G comprises three or more subsets (each containing warp and / or weft threads) which differ in that the warp or weft belonging to different subsets Weft threads from different Materials exist.
  • the following nomenclature is used to designate the warp threads and weft threads:
  • Ki (j) each warp thread of a textile substrate
  • each weft thread as "Si ( j) "identified.
  • "j" is in each case a natural number which characterizes the respective subset and thus the material of the respective warp thread or weft thread. Furthermore, “i” is a natural number which serves for the numbering of warp threads belonging to the same subset.
  • Ki (1) or Si (1) designates a warp thread or weft thread, which belongs to a first subset of the entirety of all warp threads and weft threads.
  • This subset comprises warp threads or weft threads, wherein the respective warp thread or weft thread consists of a first of the various disposable and / or utilizable materials or of a disposable and / or utilizable material selected from a first of the various utilization groups.
  • Ki (2) or Si (2) designates a warp thread or weft thread which belongs to a second subset of the entirety of all warp threads and weft threads.
  • This subset comprises warp threads or weft threads, wherein the respective warp thread or weft thread consists of a respective second of the different disposable and / or utilizable materials or of a disposable and / or utilizable material selected from a second of the various utilization groups.
  • Ki (3) or Si (3) hereinafter designates a warp thread or weft thread, which belongs to a third subset of the totality of all warp threads and weft threads.
  • This subset comprises for the invention essential warp threads or weft threads, which consist of a destructible material and can be destroyed by means of a suitable chemical and / or physical process.
  • Ki (4) or Si (4) hereinafter denotes a warp thread or weft thread which belongs to a fourth subset of the entirety of all warp threads and weft threads.
  • This subset comprises warp threads or weft threads, the respective warp thread or weft thread respectively consisting of a third of the various disposable and / or utilizable materials or of a disposable and / or recoverable material selected from a third of the various recovery groups.
  • Fig. 2A shows a simple embodiment of the invention, an arrangement of 3 warps and 2 weft threads consisting of warp threads K1 (1) and K2 (1) of the first subset, a weft thread S1 (1) of the first subset, a warp thread K1 (2) of the second subset and a (destructible) weft S1 (3) of the third subset.
  • the respective warp threads K1 (1) and K2 (1) cross the weft S1 (1) on one side
  • the warp K1 (2) crosses the weft S (1) on the warp K1 (1).
  • K2 (1) opposite side the respective warp threads K1 (1) and K2 (1)
  • all the warp threads of the first subset are separated from the respective warp threads of the second subset (K1 (2)) by the weft thread S1 (1) of the first subset (as in particular Figs. 2B and 2C visible).
  • the (destructible) weft thread S1 (3) of the third subset is arranged such that it separates the warp threads K1 (1) and K2 (1) of the first subset at a side remote from the warp thread K1 (2) of the second subset and the warp thread K1 (FIG. 2) crosses the second subset at the side facing away from the warp threads K1 (1) and K2 (1) of the first subset.
  • Warp thread K1 (2) of the second subset bound to the weft S1 (1) and the warp threads K1 (1) and K2 (1) of the first subset.
  • the warp threads K1 (2), K1 (1) and K2 (1) can not be separated from each other. If now the (destructible) weft thread S1 (3) of the third subset destroyed by a suitable chemical and / or physical process according to the invention, then the warp thread K1 (2) of the second subset is no longer to the weft S1 (1) and the Kettfäden K1 (1) and K2 (1) bound the first subset.
  • the warp yarn K1 (2) of the second subset of the warp yarns K1 (1) and K2 (1) is effectively separated by the weft yarn S1 (1) of the first subset, especially since the weft yarn S1 (1) separates the warp yarns K1 (1 ), K1 (2) and K1 (2) at an angle of 90 ° and is arranged between the warp threads of the first subset (K1 (1) and K2 (1)) and the warp thread K1 (2) of the second subset. Because of this separating effect of the weft thread S1 (1), the warp threads of the first subset (K1 (1) and K2 (1)) can now be separated in a simple manner from the warp thread K1 (2) of the second subset.
  • each of the warp threads K1 (1), K2 (1), K3 (1) of the first subset crosses the weft thread S1 (1) of the first subset on a side facing the second surface 02. Furthermore, the three warp threads K1 (2), K2 (2), K3 (2) of the second subset cross the weft thread S1 (1) on a side facing the first surface 01. Accordingly, in the range 1-1 all warp threads K1 (1), K2 (1), K3 (1) of the first subset by means of the weft thread S1 (1) of the first subset of the warp threads K1 (2), K2 (2), K3 (2) the second subset separated.
  • the at least one weft thread S1 (3) of the third subset crosses all of the warp threads K1 (1), K2 (1), K3 (1) of the first subset extending through the region 1-1 on a side facing the second surface 02 and all of them warp threads K1 (2), K2 (2), K3 (2) of the second subset extending through the region 1-1 on a side facing the first surface 01.
  • all the warps extending through the region 1-1 are bound by the weft yarn S1 (1) of the first subset and the weft yarn S1 (3) of the third subset, so that the textile substrate 1A forms a stable layer in the region 1-1.
  • the textile substrate 1A in the area 1-1 in individual, loosely adjacent or superimposed warp threads K1 (1), K2 (1), K3 (1) K1 (2), K2 (2), K3 (2) and the weft S1 (3) are disassembled.
  • the weft thread S1 (1) of the first subset crosses all the warp threads K1 (1), K2 (1), K3 (1), K4 (1), K5 (1) extending through the region 1-1, K6 (1) of the first subset on a side facing the first surface 01 and all warp threads K1 (2), K2 (2), K3 (2), K4 (2), K5 (2) extending through the region 1-1 , K6 (2) of the second subset on a side facing the second surface 02 and thus causes a spatial separation between the warp threads of the first subset and the warp threads of the second subset.
  • the weft thread S1 (2) of the second subset mutually crosses all extending through the range 1-1 warp threads of the second subset mutually, so that the weft S1 (2) the warp threads K2 (2), K4 (2) and K6 (2) on a the first surface 01 side facing and the warp threads K1 (2), K3 (2) and K5 (2) on a side facing the second surface 02 side crossed. Furthermore, the weft thread S1 (2) of the second subset crosses the warp threads of the first subset extending through the region 1-1 on a side facing the first surface 01.
  • the weft thread S1 (3) of the third subset extends through the region 1-1 in such a way that it crosses all the warp threads of the first subset extending through the region 1-1 on a side facing the second surface 02 and, in addition, the warp threads K1 (2), K3 (2), K4 (2), K5 (2), K6 (2) of the second subset on a side facing the first surface 01 crossed over.
  • the warp thread K2 (2) is crossed by the weft thread S1 (3) on a side facing the second surface 02 side.
  • This arrangement of the weft thread S1 (3) of the third subset causes in the present case that the warp threads and weft threads of the first and second subset extending through the region 1-1 are bonded to one another in the region 1-1 and form a stable layer, as long as the Weft S1 (3) is not destroyed.
  • the weft thread S1 (3) of the third subset is destroyed according to the invention by using a suitable chemical and / or physical process, then the warp threads and weft threads of the first subset can be easily separated from the warp threads and weft threads of the second subset , This is especially out Fig. 8 seen.
  • the textile substrate 1B is shown in a state where the weft yarn S1 (3) of the third subset is intact (corresponding to the fabric sectional view of FIG Fig. 4 ).
  • the warps and weft threads of the first and second subset extending through the region 1-1 are the first and second sub-sets after the destruction of the warp S1 (3) arranged in several spatially consecutive and separate layers L1-L5.
  • the warp threads K1 (2), K3 (2) and K5 (2) of the second subset form a first layer L1, the weft thread S1 (2) of the second subset form a second layer L2, the warp threads K2 (2), K4 (2 ), and K6 (2) of the second subset a third layer L3, the weft thread S1 (1) of the first subset a fourth layer L4, the warp threads K1 (1), K2 (1), K3 (1), K4 (1) , K5 (1), K6 (1) of the first subset, a fifth layer L5.
  • the warp threads belonging to the layer L1 are spatially separated from the warp threads L3 belonging to the layer L3 by the weft thread S1 (2) belonging to the layer L2.
  • the weft thread S1 (2) crosses the warp threads belonging to the layer L1 and the warp threads L3 belonging to the layer L3 each at an angle of 90 °, but does not bind these warp threads together. Furthermore, the warp threads belonging to the layer L3 are spatially separated from the warp threads belonging to the layer L5 by the weft thread S1 (1) belonging to the layer L4. In this case, the weft thread S1 (1) crosses the warp threads belonging to the layer L3 and the warp threads L3 belonging to the layer L5 each at an angle of 90 °, but does not bind these warp threads together.
  • the warp threads or weft threads belonging to the respective layers L1-L5 form an arrangement of intersecting threads which individually lie one above the other or next to one another and can be separated from each other individually. It is helpful that the warp threads or weft threads of adjacent layers intersect each other at an angle of 90 °.
  • the warp threads and weft threads can preferably be separated in layers (successively in the sequence of layers L1-L5).
  • the weft thread S1 (1) crosses the warp threads K1 (1), K3 (1), K5 (1) of the first subset on a side facing the first surface 01 and the warp threads K2 (1), K4 (1 ), K6 (1) of the first subset on a side facing the second surface 02.
  • the weft thread S2 (1) crosses the warp threads K1 (1), K3 (1), K5 (1) of the first subset on a side facing the second surface 02 and the warp threads K2 (1), K4 (1), K6 (FIG. 1) of the first subset on a side facing the first surface 01 side.
  • each of the warp threads of the first subset extending through the region 1-1 is wrapped in opposite directions by the two weft threads S1 (1) and S2 (1) on opposite sides (facing the first surface 01 and the second surface 02, respectively). Consequently, the warp threads and weft threads of the first subset extending through the region 1-1 are bound together and form a stable, flat-shaped unit which as a whole is integrated into the textile substrate 1C.
  • the warp threads K1 (2), K2 (2), K3 (2), K4 (2), K5 (2) of the second subset cross each of the weft threads S1 (1) and S2 (1) of the first subset at one of the first surface 01 facing side. Consequently, the warp threads K1 (1), K2 (1), K3 (1), K4 (1), K5 (1), K6 (1) of the first subset and the warp threads K1 (2), K2 (2), K3 (2), K4 (2), K5 (2) of the second subset are not bound together by the weft threads S1 (1) and S1 (2) of the first and second subset.
  • the weft thread S1 (3) is arranged such that it covers all the warp threads of the second subset extending through the region 1-1 on a side facing the first surface 01 and a plurality of the warp threads of the first section extending through the region 1-1 Subset crossed at one of the second surface 02 facing side. How out Fig.
  • the weft thread S1 (3) crosses all the warp threads of the first subset extending through the region 1-1 on a side facing the second surface 02 (in the case of the textile substrate 1C, the weft thread S1 (3) crosses over).
  • the warp threads and weft threads of the first and second sub-sets extending through the region 1-1 are nevertheless connected to form a stable layer by means of the weft thread S1 (3) of the third subset, especially since the warp threads and weft threads of the first subset (as already mentioned) are mutually connected such that they are bound together and form a stable, flat-shaped unit.
  • the weft thread S1 (3) of the third subset is destroyed according to the invention by using a suitable chemical and / or physical process, then the warp threads and weft threads of the first subset can be separated in a simple manner from the warp threads and weft threads of the second subset , This is especially out Fig. 9 seen.
  • the textile substrate 1C is shown in a state where the weft yarn S1 (3) of the third subset is intact (corresponding to the fabric sectional view of FIG Fig. 5 ).
  • FIG. 9 shows the relative arrangement of the warp threads and weft threads of the first and second subset extending through the region 1-1 in the event that the weft thread S1 (3) in the textile substrate 1C is destroyed and completely removed (in a sectional view analogous to the tissue sectional view according to FIG Fig. 5 ). How out Fig.
  • the warp threads K1 (2), K2 (2), K3 (2), K4 (2), K5 (2) of the second subset are present as single, loose warp threads, which can be separated individually from the warp threads and weft threads of the first subset.
  • the arrangement of the warp yarns extending through the region 1-1 is K1 (1), K2 (1), K3 (1), K4 (1), K5 (1), K6 (1), and weft threads S1 (1), S2 (1) of the first subset, identical to the arrangement of the corresponding warp threads and weft threads of the first subset, which in the case of the textile substrate 1C (FIG. Fig. 5 ) is present.
  • the warp yarns extending through the region 1-1 are K1 (1), K2 (1), K3 (1), K4 (1), K5 (1), K6 (1) and weft yarns S1 (1), S2 (1) of the first subset bonded together and form a stable, flat-shaped unit, which is integrated as a whole in the textile substrate 1D.
  • the arrangement is the warp yarns K1 (2), K2 (2), K3 (2), K4 (2), K5 (2), K6 (2) and the weft yarn S1 (2) of the second subset extending through the region 1-1 are identical to the one Arrangement of the corresponding warp threads and weft threads of the second subset, which in the case of the textile substrate 1B (FIG. Fig. 4 ) is present.
  • the weft threads S1 (1) and S2 (1) of the first subset cross over all the warp threads K1 (2), K2 (2), K3 (2), K4 (2) extending through the region 1-1.
  • the weft thread S1 (2) of the second subset mutually crosses all extending through the range 1-1 warp threads of the second subset mutually, so that the weft S1 (2) the warp threads K2 (2), K4 (2) and K6 (2) on a the first surface 01 facing side and the K1 (2), K3 (2) and K5 (2) on a second surface 02 facing side crosses. Furthermore, the weft thread S1 (2) of the second subset crosses the warp threads of the first subset extending through the region 1-1 on a side facing the first surface 01.
  • the warp threads K1 (1), K2 (1), K3 (1), K4 (1), K5 (1), K6 (1) of the first subset and the warp threads K1 (2), K2 (2), K3 (2), K4 (2), K5 (2), K6 (2) of the second subset are not bound together by the weft threads S1 (1), S2 (1) and S1 (2) of the first and second subset.
  • the weft extends S1 (3) of the third subset through the region 1-1 such that it comprises the warp threads K1 (1), K2 (1), K3 (1), K4 (1), K6 (1) of the first subset at one of the second subset Surface 02 facing side and the warp threads K1 (2), K3 (2), K4 (2), K5 (2), K6 (2) of the second subset on a side facing the first surface 01 side crossed.
  • all the warp threads and weft threads of the first and second sub-sets extending through the region 1-1 are connected to form a stable layer by means of the weft thread S1 (3) of the third subset in the region 1-1, as long as the weft thread S1 (3) not destroyed.
  • the weft S1 (3) it is not necessary for the weft S1 (3) to comprise all the warp threads of the first subset extending through the region 1-1 on a side facing the second surface 02 and all the warp threads of the second subset extending through the region 1-1 crossed on one of the first surface 01 side facing to stably connect the warp threads and weft threads (in the case of the textile substrate 1D, the weft thread S1 (3) crosses the warp threads K5 (1) of the first subset on a side facing the first surface 01 and the warp thread K2 (2) of the second subset on a side facing the second surface 02).
  • the warp threads and weft threads of the first and second sub-sets extending through the region 1-1 are nevertheless connected to form a stable layer by means of the weft thread S1 (3) of the third subset, especially since the warp threads and weft threads of the first subset (as already mentioned) are mutually connected such that they are bound together and form a stable, flat unit, and the warp thread K2 (2) of the second subset is bound by means of the weft thread S1 (2) to the warp threads and weft threads of the first subset, as long as the weft S1 ( 3) is not destroyed.
  • the weft S1 (3) The third subset according to the invention destroyed by applying a suitable chemical and / or physical process, then the warp threads and weft threads of the first subset can be separated in a simple manner from the warp threads and weft threads of the second subset.
  • the region 1-1 of the textile substrate 1D is formed into a stable, flat-shaped unit formed by the warp threads K1 (1), K2 (1), K3 (1) which are bound together.
  • K4 (1), K5 (1), K6 (1) and weft threads S1 (1) and S2 (1) of the first subset (analogous to the arrangement of the warp threads K1 (1), K2 (1), K3 (1), K4 (1), K5 (1), K6 (1), and weft threads S1 (1) and S2 (1) of the first subset in the case of the textile substrate 1C, as in FIG Fig.
  • the warp threads K1 (2), K2 (2), K3 (2), K4 (2), K5 (2), K6 (2) and the weft thread S1 (2 ) of the second subset as a single, loose threads, which can be separated individually from the warp threads and weft threads of the first subset.
  • the arrangement of the warp yarns extending through the region 1-1 is K1 (1), K2 (1), K3 (1), K4 (1), K5 (1), K6 (1), and weft threads S1 (1), S2 (1) of the first subset, identical to the arrangement of the corresponding warp threads and weft threads of the first subset, which in the case of the textile substrate 1C (FIG. Fig. 5 ) is present.
  • the warp yarns extending through the region 1-1 are K1 (1), K2 (1), K3 (1), K4 (1), K5 (1), K6 (1), and weft yarns S1 (1), S2 (1) of the first subset bonded together and form a stable, flat formed unit, which is integrated as a whole in the textile substrate 1E.
  • the weft thread S1 (2) crosses the warp threads K1 (2), K3 (2), K5 (2) of the second subset on a side facing the first surface 01 and the warp threads K2 (2), K4 (2), K6 (2) of the second subset on a side facing the second surface 02.
  • the weft thread S2 (2) crosses the warp threads K1 (2), K3 (2), K5 (2) of the second subset on a side facing the second surface 02 and the warp threads K2 (2), K4 (2), K6 (FIG. 2) of the second subset on a side facing the first surface 01 side.
  • each of the warp threads of the second subset extending through the region 1-1 is wrapped in opposite directions by the two weft threads S1 (2) and S2 (2) on opposite sides (facing the first surface O1 and the second surface 02, respectively).
  • the warp threads and weft threads of the second subset extending through the region 1-1 are bonded to one another and form a stable, flat-shaped unit, which as a whole is integrated into the textile substrate 1E.
  • the weft threads S1 (1) and S2 (1) of the first subset cross the warp threads of the second subset extending through the region 1-1 on a side facing the second surface 02 and the weft threads S1 (2) and S2 (2) of the second subset, the warp threads of the first subset extending through the region 1-1 intersect at a side facing the first surface O1. Accordingly, the warp threads of the first subset extending through the region 1-1 are of the warp threads of the second subset extending through the region 1-1 through the weft threads S1 (1) and S2 (1) of the first subset or the weft threads S1 (FIG. 2) and S2 (2) of the second subset and thus not bound to the warp threads of the second subset extending through the region 1-1.
  • the weft thread S1 (3) of the third subset extends through the region 1-1 such that it comprises the warp threads K1 (1), K2 (1), K3 (1), K4 (1), K6 (1). the first subset on one of the second surface 02 facing Side and the warp threads K1 (2), K3 (2), K4 (2), K5 (2), K6 (2) of the second subset on one of the first surface O1 side facing.
  • all the warp threads and weft threads of the first and second sub-sets extending through the region 1-1 are connected to form a stable layer by means of the weft thread S1 (3) of the third subset in the region 1-1, as long as the weft thread S1 (3) not destroyed.
  • the weft thread S1 (3) of the third subset is destroyed according to the invention by using a suitable chemical and / or physical process, then the warp threads and weft threads of the first subset can be separated in a simple manner from the warp threads and weft threads of the second subset , This is especially out Fig. 10 seen.
  • the textile substrate 1E is shown in a state in which the weft yarn S1 (3) of the third subset is intact (corresponding to the fabric sectional view of FIG Fig. 7 ).
  • FIG. 10 shows the relative arrangement of the warp threads and weft threads of the first and second subset extending through the region 1-1 in the event that the weft S1 (3) in the textile substrate 1E is destroyed and completely removed (in a sectional view analogous to the tissue sectional view in FIG Fig. 7 ).
  • the region 1-1 of the textile substrate 1C after the destruction of the weft thread S1 (3) of the third subset is decomposed into two stable, flat units: a first unit formed by the warp threads K1 (1), K2 (1 ), K3 (1), K4 (1), K5 (1), K6 (1) and weft threads S1 (1) and S2 (1) of the first subset, and a second unit formed by the interlinked warp threads K1 (2 ), K2 (2), K3 (2), K4 (2), K5 (2), K6 (2), and weft threads S1 (2) and S2 (2) of the second one Subset. These two units can then be separated from each other.
  • the textile substrates 1A-1E according to Fig. 3-10 in each case comprises only two differently disposable and / or usable materials or a plurality of disposable and / or usable, selected from only two different utilization groups materials, the invention also allows to specify textile substrates, which three or more differently disposable and / or recyclable materials or more disposable and / or utilizable materials selected from three or more different recovery groups and allow for separation of the different materials. This will be explained below with reference to two examples, which in the Figs. 11A-12C are shown.
  • the arrangement of the warp yarns extending through the region 1-1 is K1 (1), K2 (1), K3 (1), K4 (1), K5 (1), K6 (1) and the weft S1 (1) of the first subset and the warp threads K1 (2), K2 (2), K3 (2), K4 (2), K5 (2), K6 (1) and the weft thread extending through the area I-1 S1 (2) of the second subset relative to one another is identical to the arrangement of the corresponding warp threads and weft threads of the first subset and of the second subset, which in the case of the textile substrate 1B (FIG. Fig. 11A ) is present.
  • the textile substrate 1F comprises three warp threads K1 (4), K2 (4), K3 (4) of the fourth subset and at least one weft thread S1 (4) of the fourth subset (and optionally further weft threads of the fourth subset extend parallel to the weft S1 (4)).
  • the respective warps and wefts of the fourth subset are in an inner zone IZ (in FIG Fig. 11B shown as dotted area) arranged, which extends between the respective warp threads and weft threads of the first subset and the respective warp threads and weft threads of the second subset.
  • the warp threads K1 (4), K2 (4), K3 (4) and the weft thread S1 (4) of the fourth subset extend in the inner zone IZ such that the warp threads K1 (4), K2 (4) , K3 (4) of the fourth subset, the weft thread S1 (1) of the first subset on a side facing the first surface O1, the weft thread S1 (4) of the fourth subset on a side facing the second surface 02 and the weft thread S1 (2) cross the second subset on one of the second surface 02 facing side. Furthermore, the weft thread S1 (4) of the fourth subset crosses the warp threads of the second subset extending through the region I-1 on a side facing the second surface 02.
  • the arrangement of the warp threads K1 (4), K2 (4), K3 (4) and the weft thread S1 (4) in the inner zone ensure that extending through the range 1-1 warp threads of the first, second and fourth subset the weft threads S1 (1), S1 (2) and S1 (4) are not bonded to each other.
  • the weft thread S1 (3) of the third subset extends through the region 1-1 such that it crosses all the warp threads of the first subset extending through the region 1-1 on a side facing the second surface 02, and moreover the warp threads K1 (2), K3 (2), K4 (2), K5 (2), K6 (2) of the second subset cross on a side facing the first surface O1.
  • all the warp threads and weft threads of the first, second and fourth sub-quantities extending through the region 1-1 are connected to form a stable layer by means of the weft thread S1 (3) of the third subset in the region 1-1, as long as the weft thread S1 (FIG. 3) is not destroyed.
  • the textile substrate 1F If, in the case of the textile substrate 1F, the weft thread S1 (3) of the third subset is destroyed according to the invention by use of a suitable chemical and / or physical process, the textile substrate disintegrates into an arrangement of intersecting threads which individually lie one above the other and one at a time can be separated from each other. How out Fig. 11B As can be seen, the warp threads of the second and fourth sub-sets are separated by the weft thread S1 (4) of the fourth subset and the warp threads of the first and fourth sub-sets by the weft thread S1 (1) of the first subset. This makes it possible, after the destruction of the weft thread S1 (3) of the third subset to separate the respective warp threads and weft threads of the first, second and fourth subset in layers.
  • the arrangement of the warp yarns extending through the region 1-1 is K1 (1), K2 (1), K3 (1), K4 (1), K5 (1), K6 (1) and the weft yarns S1 (1) and S2 (1) of the first subset and the warp threads K1 (2), K2 (2), K3 (2), K4 (2), K5 (2), K6 extending through the region I-1 (1) 1) and the weft threads S1 (2) and S2 (2) of the second subset relative to one another identical to the arrangement of the corresponding warp threads and weft threads of the first subset and the second subset, which in the case of the textile substrate 1E (FIG. Fig. 12A ) is present.
  • the textile substrate 1G comprises warp threads K (4) and weft threads S (4) of the fourth subset.
  • the respective warps and wefts of the fourth subset are in an inner zone IZ (in Fig. 12B shown as a dotted area), which extends between the respective warp threads and weft threads of the first subset and the respective warp threads and weft threads of the second subset.
  • the warps K1 (1), K2 (1), K3 (1), K4 (1), K5 (1), K6 extending through the region 1-1 are K6 (FIG. 1) and weft threads S1 (1), S2 (1) of the first subset bonded to each other and form a stable, flat-shaped unit, which is integrated as a whole in the textile substrate 1G.
  • the warp threads K1 (2), K2 (2), K3 (2), K4 (2), K5 (2), K6 (2) and weft threads S1 (2), S2 extending through the region 1-1 are 2) of the second subset bound together and form a stable, areal trained Unit which is integrated as a whole in the textile substrate 1G.
  • the warp threads K (4) and weft threads S (4) of the fourth subset can be arranged in the inner zone IZ in various ways such that none of the respective warp threads K (4) or weft threads S (4) to the warp threads and weft threads first and second subset is bound.
  • Fig. 12C shows examples (a) - (d) for possible arrangements of warp threads K (4) and weft threads S (4), which intersect the weft threads or warp threads of the first subset on a side facing the first surface 01 and the weft threads or the warp threads second subset on one of the second surface 02 facing side.
  • only weft threads S (4) can be arranged in the inner zone IZ.
  • only warp threads K (4) can be arranged in the inner zone IZ.
  • both warp threads K (4) and weft threads S (4) can be arranged in the inner zone IZ.
  • the weft thread S1 (3) of the third subset extends through the region 1-1 such that it intersects a plurality of warp threads of the first subset extending through the region 1-1 on a side facing the second surface 02, and further a plurality of warp threads of the second subset on a side facing the first surface O1 side crossed.
  • all the warp threads and weft threads of the first, second and fourth sub-quantities extending through the region 1-1 are connected to form a stable layer by means of the weft thread S1 (3) of the third subset in the region 1-1, as long as the weft thread S1 (FIG. 3) is not destroyed.
  • the weft thread S1 (3) of the third subset is produced according to the invention by application of a destroys suitable chemical and / or physical process, the warp threads and weft threads of the first, second and fourth subset can then be separated.
  • both the warp threads and weft threads of the first subset and the warp threads and weft threads of the second subset are each in the form of separate, flat units formed from warp threads K1 (1), K2 bound together (1), K3 (1), K4 (1), K5 (1), K6 (1) and weft threads S1 (1) and S2 (1) of the first subset on the one hand and from linked warp threads K1 (2), K2 ( 2), K3 (2), K4 (2), K5 (2), K6 (2) and weft threads S1 (2) and S2 (2) of the second subset, on the other hand.
  • the textile substrates 1A, 1C and 1D according to the examples Fig. 11B and 12B in that warp and / or weft threads of the fourth subset are arranged in an inner zone formed between the respective warp and / or weft threads of the first subset and the respective warp and / or weft threads of the second subset, so that the warp and weft threads Weft threads of the first, second and fourth subset are not bound together when the respective weft threads of the third subset are destroyed.
  • Such a textile substrate is particularly suitable as a seat cover fabric.
  • the wool and cellulose regenerated warp and weft yarns (subset 1) allow for air-conditioned seating and are relevant to moisture regulation.
  • Polyamide (subset 2) increases the scrub resistance of the textile substrate on one side of the substrate, so that this side is preferably usable as a seat surface.
  • the subset 1 can be disposed of in a biological cycle, the subset 2 can be processed in a technical cycle.
  • Such a textile substrate is particularly suitable as clothing textiles.
  • the subset 1 can be disposed of in a biological cycle, the subset 2 can be processed in a technical cycle.
  • Such a textile substrate is particularly suitable for the production of protective clothing, for example for bullet-proof vests.
  • the partial quantities 1 and 2 can be utilized in different technical circuits.

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EP20110405266 2011-06-07 2011-06-07 Textilsubstrat aus mehreren verschieden entsorgbaren und/oder verwertbaren Materialien, Verwendung eines derartigen Textilsubstrats und Verfahren zum Aufarbeiten eines derartigen Textilsubstrats Active EP2532775B1 (de)

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ES11405266T ES2431539T3 (es) 2011-06-07 2011-06-07 Sustrato textil a partir de una pluralidad de diferentes materiales desechables y/o reciclables, utilización de un sustrato textil de este tipo y procedimiento para procesar un sustrato textil de este tipo
PL11405266T PL2532775T3 (pl) 2011-06-07 2011-06-07 Podłoże tekstylne z wielu w różny sposób możliwych do utylizacji i/lub możliwych do wykorzystania materiałów, zastosowanie takiego podłoża tekstylnego i sposób przetwarzania takiego podłoża tekstylnego
EP20110405266 EP2532775B1 (de) 2011-06-07 2011-06-07 Textilsubstrat aus mehreren verschieden entsorgbaren und/oder verwertbaren Materialien, Verwendung eines derartigen Textilsubstrats und Verfahren zum Aufarbeiten eines derartigen Textilsubstrats
PT114052665T PT2532775E (pt) 2011-06-07 2011-06-07 Substrato têxtil feito de múltiplos e diferentes materiais descartáveis e/ou recicláveis, utilização de um tal substrato têxtil, e método para reutilização de um tal substrato têxtil
AU2012267143A AU2012267143B2 (en) 2011-06-07 2012-06-06 Textile substrate made of several different disposable and/or usable materials, use of such a textile substrate, and method for reprocessing such a textile substrate
MYPI2013004124A MY181604A (en) 2011-06-07 2012-06-06 Textile substrate of multiple different disposable and/or recyclable materials, use of such a textile substrate and method for processing such a textile substrate
MX2013013782A MX2013013782A (es) 2011-06-07 2012-06-06 Substrato textil de multiples materiales desechables y/o reciclables diferentes, uso de este substrato textil y metodo para procesar este substrato textil.
PCT/CH2012/000125 WO2012167394A2 (de) 2011-06-07 2012-06-06 Textilsubstrat aus mehreren verschieden entsorgbaren und/oder verwertbaren materialien, verwendung eines derartigen textilsubstrats und verfahren zum aufarbeiten eines derartigen textilsubstrats
RU2013155630/12A RU2557513C1 (ru) 2011-06-07 2012-06-06 Текстильная подложка из нескольких по-разному утилизируемых и/или используемых материалов, применение такой текстильной подложки и способ переработки такой текстильной подложки
BR112013031490-7A BR112013031490B1 (pt) 2011-06-07 2012-06-06 substrato têxtil de vários materiais, refugáveis de maneira diferenciada, e/ou prontos para uso, seu uso e seu método de preparação
SG2013084793A SG194992A1 (en) 2011-06-07 2012-06-06 Textile substrate made of several different disposable and/or usable materials, use of such a textile substrate, and method for reprocessing such a textile substrate
JP2014513874A JP5798242B2 (ja) 2011-06-07 2012-06-06 複数の異なる処分可能なおよび／または再利用可能な材料からなる織物基材、そのような織物基材の使用、及びそのような織物基材を処理する方法
KR1020137034997A KR101693198B1 (ko) 2011-06-07 2012-06-06 몇 개의 상이한 폐기가능한 및/또는 사용가능한 소재로 제조된 텍스타일 기판, 이러한 텍스타일 기판의 사용 및 이러한 텍스타일 기판의 재가공 방법
CN201280027899.5A CN103635617B (zh) 2011-06-07 2012-06-06 一次性和/或可再利用材料的织物基质、其用途、及其加工方法
US14/123,356 US9683318B2 (en) 2011-06-07 2012-06-06 Textile substrate of multiple different disposable and/or recyclable materials, use of such a textile substrate and method for processing such a textile substrate
CA2835653A CA2835653C (en) 2011-06-07 2012-06-06 Textile substrate made of several different disposable and/or usable materials, use of such a textile substrate, and method for reprocessing such a textile substrate
ZA2013/08557A ZA201308557B (en) 2011-06-07 2013-11-13 Textile substrate made of several different disposable and/or usable materials, use of such a textile substrate, and method for reprocessing such a textile substrate
HK14109115.5A HK1196146A1 (zh) 2011-06-07 2014-09-09 次性和/或可再利用材料的織物基質、其用途、及其加工方法

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JP (1) JP5798242B2 (ko)
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CN (1) CN103635617B (ko)
AU (1) AU2012267143B2 (ko)
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US10590577B2 (en) 2016-08-02 2020-03-17 Fitesa Germany Gmbh System and process for preparing polylactic acid nonwoven fabrics
US11441251B2 (en) 2016-08-16 2022-09-13 Fitesa Germany Gmbh Nonwoven fabrics comprising polylactic acid having improved strength and toughness

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ES2431539T3 (es) 2013-11-26
CA2835653A1 (en) 2012-12-13
AU2012267143A1 (en) 2013-12-19
BR112013031490B1 (pt) 2021-04-20
WO2012167394A2 (de) 2012-12-13
ZA201308557B (en) 2014-08-27
MY181604A (en) 2020-12-29
PL2532775T3 (pl) 2013-12-31
WO2012167394A3 (de) 2013-11-28
KR20140013101A (ko) 2014-02-04
HK1196146A1 (zh) 2014-12-05
CN103635617A (zh) 2014-03-12
JP2014516124A (ja) 2014-07-07
PT2532775E (pt) 2013-11-28
US20140166548A1 (en) 2014-06-19
SG194992A1 (en) 2013-12-30
JP5798242B2 (ja) 2015-10-21
KR101693198B1 (ko) 2017-01-06
MX2013013782A (es) 2014-04-25
CN103635617B (zh) 2015-12-23
RU2557513C1 (ru) 2015-07-20
CA2835653C (en) 2015-12-29
US9683318B2 (en) 2017-06-20
BR112013031490A2 (pt) 2016-12-20
EP2532775A1 (de) 2012-12-12

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