EP2027314B1 - Lyocell-stapelfaser - Google Patents

Lyocell-stapelfaser Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2027314B1
EP2027314B1 EP07718467.9A EP07718467A EP2027314B1 EP 2027314 B1 EP2027314 B1 EP 2027314B1 EP 07718467 A EP07718467 A EP 07718467A EP 2027314 B1 EP2027314 B1 EP 2027314B1
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Prior art keywords
holes
staple fiber
cross
filaments
sectional shape
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP2027314A1 (de
Inventor
Christoph Schrempf
Franz DÜRNBERGER
Wolfgang Uhlir
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Lenzing AG
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Lenzing AG
Chemiefaser Lenzing AG
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
    • D01D5/253—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like with a non-circular cross section; Spinnerette packs therefor
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F2/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of cellulose or cellulose derivatives; Manufacture thereof
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/249921—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/29—Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
    • Y10T428/2904—Staple length fiber

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a process for the manufacture of a Lyocell staple fiber as well as a Lyocell staple fiber obtainable by said process.
  • a Lyocell fiber is a cellulosic fiber which is spun from a solution from cellulose in an organic solvent, especially in an aqueous tertiary amine-oxide.
  • NMMO N-methylmorpholine-N-oxide
  • Lyocell staple fiber is a product resulting from cutting a plurality of (endless) filaments which are obtained by spinning the cellulose solution through a spinneret and precipitating the spun filaments.
  • Lyocell fibers typically are essentially round. This is in contrast to standard viscose fibers, which exhibit a rather serrated cross-sectional shape.
  • EP 0 301 874 A discloses a process for the manufacture of so-called multi-lobal cellulosic staple fibers.
  • a further process for the manufacture of cellulosic staple fibers by spinning of a spinning solution through a spinneret with multi-lobal spinneret holes is disclosed in WO 04/85720 .
  • Cellulosic fibers of a "Y"-shaped cross-section are also mentioned in GB-A-2 085 304 .
  • Viscose fibers are quite distinct from Lyocell fibers in terms of their physical and textile properties.
  • JP 10-140429 A discloses regenerated cellulose fibers which are produced by spinning a viscose solution through a spinneret exhibiting arrangements of fiber-forming holes which are located adjacent. Upon spinning the solution through the spinneret, the filaments extruded through these fiber-forming holes are fused to form one fiber exhibiting an anomal cross-sectional shape.
  • the process according to the present invention comprises the steps of
  • bi- or multi-filar cross-sectional shape for the purposes of the present invention, means a cross-sectional shape which results from notionally partially overlapping two or more fiber cross-sectional shapes.
  • a bi-filar cross-sectional shape is a shape resulting from partially overlapping two fiber cross-sectional shapes.
  • a tri-filar cross-sectional shape is a shape resulting from partially overlapping three fiber cross-sectional shapes, and so on. This resulting cross-sectional shape will in the following also be referred to as the "overall cross-sectional shape", in contrast to the single cross-sectional shapes which are partially overlapped.
  • cross-sectional shape of the staple fiber this is to be understood as referring to the overall cross-sectional shape of the filaments which are constituting the staple fiber.
  • the Lyocell staple fiber according to the present invention is obtainable.
  • All of said holes may have the same diameter.
  • one or more of said holes may have a higher diameter than the rest of said holes.
  • a cross-sectional shape results which is a mixture of partially overlapped smaller and larger circular shapes, as mentioned above.
  • the ratio of the cross-sectional area of the hole(s) with the higher diameter to the hole cross-sectional area of the hole(s) with a smaller diameter is preferably from more than 1:1 to 16:1, preferably 1.6 to 1 to 2.7 to 1.
  • said spinneret orifice consists of two holes, each having a circular shape.
  • Said spinneret orifice may also consist of three holes, each having a circular shape.
  • the three holes may be arranged in a row, resulting in an overall flat, oblong cross-sectional shape of the fused filament.
  • said said three holes may be arranged in the form of a triangle, preferably an isosceles triangle. If the diameter of all the spinning holes is the same, or especially if the diameter of the hole in the intersection point of the two equal sides of the isosceles triangle is bigger than the diameter of the other two holes, the resulting overall cross-sectional shape of the fused filament will be of a "teddy-bear"-like nature, two of the partially overlapped circular shapes forming the "ears" of the bear, and the circular shape of the filament spun from the hole at the intersection point of the two equal sides of the isosceles triangle forming the "face".
  • Said spinneret orifice may also consist of four holes, each having a circular shape.
  • the four holes may be arranged in a row, again resulting in an flat and oblong overall cross-sectional shape of the fused filament.
  • said four holes may be arranged in the form of a square, a parallelogram, or a rhombus. If the diameter of all the spinning holes is the same, the resulting overall cross-sectional shape of the fused filament will then resemble a square, a parallelogram or a rhombus, respectively.
  • Said four holes may also be arranged in the form of a triangle, with one of said holes forming the centre of said triangle. Again, depending on the diameter of the spinning holes employed, a triangular or "teddy-bear"-like shape may result.
  • Said spinneret orifice may also consist of five or more holes, preferably five or seven holes, each having a circular shape.
  • holes may also consist of five or more holes, preferably five or seven holes, each having a circular shape.
  • many different geometrical arrangements of the holes are possible, resulting in a variety of different cross-sectional shapes of the fused filaments, which will be shown in more detail below with reference to the drawings.
  • the overall cross-sectional shape of the fused filaments does not only depend on the number and geometrical arrangement of the spinneret holes employed in said spinneret orifice, but there is also a strong correlation to the size of the hole diameters. I.e. by varying the hole diameters or by providing a geometrical arrangement of holes with different diameters, the resulting cross-sectional shape of the fused filament will be strongly influenced.
  • At least one of said holes has a non-circular shape.
  • Said non-circular shape may be a multilobal, preferably trilobal, or triangular shape.
  • all of said spinneret orifices consist of an identical assembly of holes in terms of the geometrical arrangement, the shape and the size of said holes.
  • all assemblies of holes have the same geometrical arrangement, and the respective sizes and shapes of the holes within said arrangement are the same for all the assemblies.
  • these may preferably be positioned in a plurality of parallel rows. Within each of said rows, all assemblies of holes may be oriented essentially parallel to each other.
  • the geometrical arrangement of the spinneret holes, and their respective size and shape can be optimally reproduced in the fused filaments if the air which is blown on said filaments in the air gap is directed onto said filaments in a specific direction:
  • the diameter of said holes in said hole assembly may be from 35 to 200 ⁇ m.
  • the term "diameter” means the diameter of the circle which can be circumscribed around the non-circular shape.
  • holes of different diameter may be employed in one hole assembly.
  • the distance from the centre of one hole to the centre of the next adjacent hole in said hole assembly may preferably be from 100 to 500 ⁇ m, preferably from 150 to 250 ⁇ m.
  • the distance may be adjusted by the skilled artisan in dependency of the desired overall cross-sectional shape of the fused filament. By appropriately adjusting the respective distance between the holes and the respective hole diameters, a staple fiber with a hollow cross-sectional shape may be produced.
  • the object of the present invention is, furthermore, solved by a Lyocell staple fiber obtainable by the process of any of claims 2 to 9.
  • the Lyocell staple fiber according to the present invention consists of a plurality of cut filaments, wherein at least part of said cut filaments exhibit an overall cross-sectional shape which is a bi- or multi-filar cross-sectional shape resulting from notionally partially overlapping two or more fiber cross-sectional shapes and wherein all of said partially overlapped cross-sectional shapes are essentially circular shapes.
  • all of said partially overlapped cross-sectional shapes are essentially circular shapes.
  • a bi- or multi-filar cross-sectional shape of the Lyocell staple fibre according to the present invention therefore, exhibits several sections in the form of segments of circles, i.e. those segments of the circular shapes which are not overlapped. Furthermore, the bi- or multifilar cross-sectional shape exhibits notches or indentations in those sections where the circular shapes are notionally overlapped.
  • Said two or more partially overlapped circular shapes may have essentially the same diameter.
  • one or more of said partially overlapped circular shapes may have a higher diameter than the rest of said overlapped circular shapes. This means that the overal resulting cross-sectional shape consists of a mixture of smaller and larger circular shapes which are partially overlapped.
  • the Lyocell staple fiber according to the present invention may be produced by spinning a cellulose solution through a spinneret wherein at least part of said spinneret orifices consists of an assembly of two or more holes being located adjacent such that when the solution is extruded through said holes, the filaments extruded from said holes are partially fused to form one fused filament, and by applying the further features of claims 1 and 2.
  • a cellulose solution may be extruded through a certain geometrical arrangement of adjacent circular holes with different diameter.
  • inventive staple fiber of this kind exhibits surprisingly high crimp values.
  • the high crimp of this embodiment of inventive staple fiber results from the fact that, given a certain overall extrusion velocity and a certain overall draw ratio in the air gap, if filaments are extruded from spinning holes with different diameters, the resulting single filaments which are fused together to form a fused filament have different tensile properties, resulting in a certain amount of natural tension and, hence, natural crimp, in the fused filament.
  • the overall cross-sectional shape of the fiber according to the invention is a bi-filar cross-sectional shape resulting from notionally overlapping two essentially circular shapes.
  • said overall cross-sectional shape is a tri-filar cross-sectional shape resulting from notionally overlapping three essentially circular shapes.
  • Said three overlapped circular shapes may be arranged in a row or in the form of a triangle.
  • Said triangle preferably may be an essentially isosceles triangle.
  • said overall cross-sectional shape is a quadri-filar cross-sectional shape resulting from notionally overlapping four essentially circular shapes.
  • Said four overlapped circular shapes may alternatively be arranged in a row, in the form of a square, a parallelogram or a rhombus, or in the form of a triangle, with one of said circular shapes forming the centre of said triangle.
  • Lyocell staple fiber comprising filaments with a bi-, tri- or quadri-filar cross-sectional shape as described above may exhibit a decitex of from 0.5 to 8 dtex. Staple fiber of this decitex is especially useful for textile applications.
  • staple fiber according to the present invention may be used in a decitex up to 40 dtex or more.
  • the overall cross-sectional shape of the staple fiber according to the present invention may also be a multi-filar cross-sectional shape resulting from notionally overlapping five or more, preferably five or seven essentially circular shapes.
  • the fibers typically exhibit a decitex of higher than 6 dtex.
  • An especially preferred embodiment of the staple fiber according to the present invention is characterized in that essentially all of the cut filaments exhibit essentially the same overall cross-sectional shape.
  • Staple fiber according to this preferred embodiment has quite uniform properties in terms of its cross-sectional shape and the various physical and textile properties achieved thereby.
  • the filament constituting the Lyocell staple fiber according to the invention may at least partly exhibit a bi- or multi-filar cross-sectional shape which is hollow.
  • a hollow structure may be obtained by choosing the spinning parameters in terms of size and distance of the spinning holes such that the extruded single filaments are not completely fused, but rather a gap is left in the centre of the formed fused filament.
  • Lyocell staple fiber according to the invention has a significantly higher tenacity than comparable standard Lyocell staple fiber of the same decitex.
  • Lyocell staple fiber according to the present invention exhibits a fibre tenacity in conditioned state which is higher by at least 15%, preferably at least 20%, than the fibre tenacity of a comparison Lyocell staple fiber of the same decitex, wherein all cut filaments of said comparison Lyocell staple fiber exhibit an essentially round cross-section.
  • Lyocell staple fiber according to the present invention has a surprisingly high flexural rigidity.
  • Lyocell staple fiber according to the present invention exhibits a decitex-related flexural rigidity of at least 0.5 mN.mm 2 /tex 2 , preferably more than 0.6 mN.mm 2 /tex 2 .
  • the flexural rigidity is measured by a method developed by the applicant.
  • the measured value is displayed as the relation of the gradient of the force to path over a linear measuring range, based on the decitex.
  • a conditioned fiber is clamped into a clamping bar and cut with a cutting device to a length of exactly 5 mm.
  • the clamping bar is moved upwardly at constant speed by an electric gear. Thereby, the fiber is pressed onto a small sensor plate which is adapted to a force sensor. The stiffer the fiber, the higher is the measured force.
  • the Lyocell staple fiber according to the present invention may be used in a variety of end-uses, such as medical-, hygeniene-, household textiles-, technical- and apparel applications, especially wound dressings, laparotomy pads, bed pads, tampons, sanitary towels, wipes, incontinence products, pillows, duvets, towels, carpets, pile fabrics, damask, satin, insulation materials, reinforcement fibre for polymers, paper or concrete, textile articles, such as knitted or woven textile articles, shirtings, velour, chinos, cotton-like hand fabrics and garments made thereof.
  • end-uses such as medical-, hygeniene-, household textiles-, technical- and apparel applications, especially wound dressings, laparotomy pads, bed pads, tampons, sanitary towels, wipes, incontinence products, pillows, duvets, towels, carpets, pile fabrics, damask, satin, insulation materials, reinforcement fibre for polymers, paper or concrete, textile articles, such
  • Lyocell staple fiber according to the invention is useful in any application where a stiffer, crisper, more "cotton-like" hand, or altered thermal and moisture management properties or different optics are desirable.
  • a spinneret orifice for the production of Lyocell staple fiber with a bi-filar cross-sectional shape consists of two spinneret holes (left side).
  • the holes may be of the same or different diameter.
  • An optionally smaller hole diameter is indicated by a smaller circle, and vice versa (this applies for all figures 1 to 7 ).
  • the shaded structures shown on the right side of Figure 1 show the two potential overall cross-sectional shapes of a fused filament spun through the spinneret orifice at the left side.
  • a bi-filar cross-section composed of two partially overlapping comparatively large circles results.
  • a cross-sectional shape such as the shaded structure shown at the right end of Figure 1 results, wherein one larger circle is partially overlapping with a smaller circle.
  • the arrow in Figure 1 indicates the direction in which according to the present invention blowing air should be directed onto the extruded filaments such as to achieve the best results in terms of reproducibility and uniformity of the cross-sectional shapes of the fused filaments.
  • Figures 2 to 7 are based on the same principal structure as Figure 1 : On the left side, the geometrical arrangement of a spinneret structure is shown. Right therefrom, several possible fiber cross-sectional shapes are shown (shaded structures), in dependence on the respective hole diameters (small or large). Furthermore, in each of these figures, the direction of the blowing air according to the present invention is indicated.
  • this shows a tri-filar cross-sectional shape in a row form, if holes of the same diameter are used.
  • the blowing direction preferably is essentially parallel to the row.
  • Figure 2B shows possible tri-filar cross-section shapes in a triangular configuration. Especially especially if the hole in the intersection point of the two equal sides of the isosceles triangle is bigger (this is indicated by bold lines in the triangular hole configuration on the left side in Figure 2B ), a "teddy-bear"-like shape (the shaded structure in the middle) results.
  • the blowing direction is essentially parallel to the base line of the triangle of the spinning holes.
  • Figures 3A to 3C show various embodiments of overall quadri-filar cross-sectional shapes.
  • the preferred blowing direction is preferably the same for all the shown embodiments 3A) to 3C).
  • the blowing direction is essentially parallel to the row.
  • the blowing direction is essentially parallel to one of the base lines of the square.
  • the blowing direction is essentially parallel to the main orientation axis of the geometrical arrangement of the spinneret holes.
  • the blowing direction may be essentially parallel to the main diagonal of the square of Figure 3B ), or, in the case of Figure 3C ), may be essentially parallel to the axis defined by the connection between the uppermost and the lowermost of the holes.
  • blowing direction according to the present invention with regard to both Figures 4A) and 4B ) is essentially parallel to the main orientation axis as indicated therein.
  • Figures 6 and 7 show further embodiments, including cross-sectional shapes resulting from spinning the solution through a spinneret orifice with seven adjacent spinneret holes ( Figure 7 ) and including hollow cross-sectional shapes.
  • Figures 8 and 9 demonstrate the influence of the direction of blowing air on the obtainable cross-sectional shape of the staple fiber of the invention.
  • a spinneret with various spinneret orifices each consisting of three holes, arranged in the form of a triangle, were used.
  • two of the holes had a diameter of 80 ⁇ m, and one of the holes had a diameter of 120 ⁇ m.
  • the distance from the center of the bigger hole to the center of the adjacent holes was 250 ⁇ m each.
  • Figures 8A, 8B , and 9A respectively, show the respective spinneret configuration and the direction of the blowing air employed.
  • Figures 10 and 11 show the cross-sectional shapes of Lyocell staple fiber according to the present invention, produced from a spinneret configuration as described above with regard to Figures 8 and 9 .
  • a standard spinning solution of 13% cellulose in NMMO was spun at 110°C through the spinneret configuration as described, and was led through an air gap with a length of around 20 mm.
  • Blowing air was directed onto the extruded filaments.
  • the blowing direction was essentially parallel to the base line of the triangle defined by the two smaller spinneret holes (cf. Figure 9A ).
  • spinneret orifices having four holes each were employed. Each hole had a diameter of 100 ⁇ m. The distance from the center of one hole to its neighbouring hole was 500 ⁇ m. The holes were arranged in the form of a rhomboid. The blowing air was directed onto the spun filaments essentially parallel to the main orientation axis of the rhomboid (cf. Fig. 4A ). A standard spinning solution of 12,3% cellulose in NMMO was spun at 120°C through the spinneret configuration as described, and was led through an air gap with a length of around 20 mm.
  • the resulting staple fiber shows excellent uniform cross-sectional shape and has a remarkably reproducible hollow structure.
  • Example 1 Bacell 3.3 40.2 9.9 Lyocell trifilar-"teddy-bear” Round Bacell 6.7 31.3 12.4 Lyocell-standard Cf.
  • Example 1 Bacell 6.7 36.5 11.0 Lyocell trifilar-"teddy-bear” Round KZO3** 6.7 23.7 9.60 Lyocell-standard Cf.
  • the Lyocell staple fiber according to the invention has a significantly higher fiber tenacity than a standard Lyocell staple with the same decitex.
  • Lyocell staple fiber according to the present invention produced with a spinneret configuration as described with regard to example 1 and Figures 8 and 9 , respectively, was compared with various other types of cellulosic fibers in terms of its decitex-related flexural rigidity.
  • Table 2 Fiber Type Pulp employed Decitex (dtex) Flexural rigidity (mN mm 2 /tex 2 ) Viscose - Standard KZO3 1.7 0.29 Viscose - Standard KZO3 1.9 0.24 Viscose - Standard KZO3 1.7 0.29 Modal fiber - produced from a spinneret with trilobal, holes KZO3 6.2 0.41 Modal fiber- produced from a spinneret with trilobal holes KZO3 6.4 0.34 Modal fiber - produced from a spinneret with trilobal, holes KZO3 6.5 0.44 Modal fiber-produced from a spinneret with KZO3 6.6 0.35 trilobal holes Lyocell trifilar - "teddy-bear” KZO3 16.7 0.51 Lyocell trifilar - "teddy-bear” KZO3 16.7 0.5 Lyocell trifilar - "teddy-bear” Bacell 3.6
  • the Modal fiber in the above example was produced according to the teaching of WO 2006/060835 (not pre-published).
  • the Lyocell staple fiber with a tri-filar "teddy-bear"-like cross-sectional shape has a significantly higher decitex-related flexural rigidity than the other cellulosic fibers observed.
  • the decitex-related flexural rigidity of the staple fiber according to the invention was higher than 0.5 mN mm 2 /tex 2 in all of the examples.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Artificial Filaments (AREA)
  • Spinning Methods And Devices For Manufacturing Artificial Fibers (AREA)
  • Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
  • Woven Fabrics (AREA)

Claims (29)

  1. Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Lyocell-Stapelfaser, umfassend die folgenden Schritte:
    - das Extrudieren einer Lösung von Cellulose, die in einem wässrigen tertiären Aminoxid gelöst ist, durch eine Spinndüse, die eine Mehrzahl von Spinndüsenöffnungen aufweist, wodurch Filamente gebildet werden
    - das Leiten dieser Filamente über einen Luftspalt in ein Fällbad
    - das Verstrecken der Filamente in diesem Luftspalt
    - das Blasen von Luft auf die Filamente im Luftspalt
    - das Ausfällen der Filamente im Fällbad
    - das Zerschneiden der ausgefällten Filamente, um geschnittene Filamente zu bilden,
    wobei
    - zumindest ein Teil dieser Spinndüsenöffnungen aus einer Gruppe von zwei oder mehr nebeneinanderliegenden Löchern besteht, so dass beim Extrudieren der Lösung durch die Löcher die aus diesen Löchern extrudierten Filamente teilweise verschmolzen werden, um ein einziges verschmolzenes Filament zu bilden,
    wobei das Verfahren dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, dass die Luft, die auf die Filamente im Luftspalt geblasen wird,
    - im Falle einer Reihenanordnung der Löcher im Wesentlichen parallel zur Richtung der Reihe
    - im Falle einer Dreiecksanordnung der Löcher im Wesentlichen parallel zur Richtung einer der Grundlinien des Dreiecks
    - im Falle einer Quadratanordnung der Löcher im Wesentlichen parallel zur Richtung einer der Grundlinien des Quadrats
    - im Falle einer anderen geometrischen Anordnung der Löcher im Wesentlichen parallel zur Richtung der Hauptorientierungsachse der Anordnung
    auf die Filamente gerichtet wird.
  2. Verfahren gemäß Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass all diese Löcher eine kreisrunde Form haben.
  3. Verfahren gemäß Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass all diese Löcher denselben Durchmesser haben.
  4. Verfahren gemäß Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass zumindest eines oder mehrere dieser Löcher einen größeren Durchmesser hat bzw. haben als der Rest der Löcher.
  5. Verfahren gemäß Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Verhältnis der Querschnittsfläche des Lochs (der Löcher) mit dem größeren Durchmesser zur Querschnittsfläche des Lochs (der Löcher) mit kleinerem Durchmesser von mehr als 1:1 bis 16:1, vorzugsweise von 1,6 zu 1 bis 2,7 zu 1, beträgt.
  6. Verfahren gemäß einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass alle Spinndüsenöffnungen aus einer hinsichtlich der geometrischen Anordnung, der Form und der Größe der Löcher identischen Gruppe von Löchern bestehen.
  7. Verfahren gemäß Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Spinndüsenöffnungen in einer Mehrzahl von parallelen Reihen positioniert sind und dass in jeder dieser Reihen alle Gruppen von Löchern im Wesentlichen parallel zueinander ausgerichtet sind.
  8. Verfahren gemäß einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Durchmesser der Löcher bei dieser Lochgruppe 35 bis 200 µm beträgt.
  9. Verfahren gemäß einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Abstand vom Zentrum des einen Lochs zum Zentrum des nächsten benachbarten Lochs bei der Lochgruppe 100 bis 500 µm, vorzugsweise 150 bis 250 µm, beträgt.
  10. Verfahren gemäß Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass zumindest eines der Löcher eine nicht kreisrunde Form hat.
  11. Verfahren gemäß Anspruch 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die nicht kreisrunde Form eine multilobale, vorzugsweise trilobale, oder dreieckige Form ist.
  12. Lyocell-Stapelfaser, bestehend aus einer Mehrzahl von geschnittenen Filamenten, erhältlich durch ein Verfahren gemäß einem der Ansprüche 2 bis 9, wobei zumindest ein Teil dieser geschnittenen Filamente eine Gesamtquerschnittsform aufweist, welche eine bi- oder multifilare Querschnittsform ist, die sich aus zwei oder mehr, sich gedanklich teilweise überlappenden Faserquerschnittsformen ergibt, und wobei alle der teilweise überlappten Querschnittsformen im Wesentlichen kreisrunde Formen sind.
  13. Lyocell-Stapelfaser gemäß Anspruch 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass diese zwei oder mehr teilweise überlappten Kreisformen im Wesentlichen denselben Durchmesser haben.
  14. Lyocell-Stapelfaser gemäß Anspruch 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass eine oder mehrere dieser teilweise überlappten Kreisformen einen größeren Durchmesser hat bzw. haben als der Rest der überlappten Kreisformen.
  15. Lyocell-Stapelfaser gemäß einem der Ansprüche 12 bis 14, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Gesamtquerschnittsform eine bifilare Querschnittsform ist, die sich aus zwei, sich gedanklich überlappenden, im Wesentlichen kreisrunden Formen ergibt.
  16. Lyocell-Stapelfaser gemäß einem der Ansprüche 12 bis 14, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Gesamtquerschnittsform eine trifilare Querschnittsform ist, die sich aus drei, sich gedanklich überlappenden, im Wesentlichen kreisrunden Formen ergibt.
  17. Lyocell-Stapelfaser gemäß Anspruch 16, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die drei überlappten Kreisformen in einer Reihe angeordnet sind.
  18. Lyocell-Stapelfaser gemäß Anspruch 17, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die drei überlappten Kreisformen in Form eines Dreiecks angeordnet sind.
  19. Lyocell-Stapelfaser gemäß einem der Ansprüche 12 bis 14, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Gesamtquerschnittsform eine quadrifilare Querschnittsform ist, die sich aus vier, sich gedanklich überlappenden, im Wesentlichen kreisrunden Formen ergibt.
  20. Lyocell-Stapelfaser gemäß Anspruch 19, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die vier überlappten Kreisformen in einer Reihe angeordnet sind.
  21. Lyocell-Stapelfaser gemäß Anspruch 19, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die vier überlappten Kreisformen in Form eines Quadrats, eines Parallelogramms oder einer Raute angeordnet sind.
  22. Lyocell-Stapelfaser gemäß Anspruch 19, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die vier überlappten Kreisformen in Form eines Dreiecks angeordnet sind, wobei eine dieser Kreisformen das Zentrum des Dreiecks bildet.
  23. Lyocell-Stapelfaser gemäß einem der Ansprüche 15 bis 22, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Filamente einen Titer von 0,5 bis 8 dtex, vorzugsweise 0,5 bis 4 dtex, aufweisen.
  24. Lyocell-Stapelfaser gemäß einem der Ansprüche 12 bis 14, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Gesamtquerschnittsform eine multifilare Querschnittsform ist, die sich aus fünf oder mehr, vorzugsweise fünf oder sieben, sich gedanklich überlappenden, im Wesentlichen kreisrunden Formen ergibt.
  25. Lyocell-Stapelfaser gemäß einem der Ansprüche 12 bis 24, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass im Wesentlichen alle geschnittenen Filamente im Wesentlichen dieselbe Gesamtquerschnittsform aufweisen.
  26. Lyocell-Stapelfaser gemäß einem der Ansprüche 12 bis 25, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Gesamtquerschnittsform hohl ist.
  27. Lyocell-Stapelfaser gemäß einem der Ansprüche 12 bis 26, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sie im konditionierten Zustand eine Faserfestigkeit aufweist, die um zumindest 15%, vorzugsweise zumindest 20%, höher als die Faserfestigkeit einer als Vergleich dienenden Lyocell-Stapelfaser mit demselben Titer ist, wobei alle geschnittenen Filamente dieser als Vergleich dienenden Lyocell-Stapelfaser einen im Wesentlichen runden Querschnitt aufweisen.
  28. Lyocell-Stapelfaser gemäß einem der Ansprüche 12 bis 27, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sie eine Titer-bezogene Biegesteifigkeit von zumindest 0,5 mN.mm2/tex2, vorzugsweise von mehr als 0,6 mN.mm2/tex2, aufweist.
  29. Verwendung einer Lyocell-Stapelfaser gemäß einem der Ansprüche 12 bis 28 für ein Produkt, ausgewählt aus der Gruppe, bestehend aus medizinischen Textilien, Hygienetextilien, Haushaltstextilien, technischen und Bekleidungsanwendungen, wie z.B. Wundverbänden, Laparotomie-Kompressen, Bettkissen, Tampons, Damenbinden, Wischtüchern, Inkontinenzprodukten, Kissen, Schlafdecken, Handtüchern, Teppichen, Florgeweben, Damast, Satin, Isoliermaterialien, Verstärkungsfasern für Polymere, Papier oder Beton, Textilartikeln wie z.B. gestrickten oder gewebten Textilartikeln, Hemdenstoffen, Velours, Chinostoffen, Geweben mit baumwollartigem Griff und daraus hergestellten Kleidungsstücken.
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AT0101506A AT503803B1 (de) 2006-06-14 2006-06-14 Lyocell-stapelfaser
PCT/AT2007/000256 WO2007143761A1 (en) 2006-06-14 2007-05-29 Lyocell staple fiber

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ES2531985T3 (es) 2015-03-23
WO2007143761A1 (en) 2007-12-21
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JP2009540139A (ja) 2009-11-19
TW200815633A (en) 2008-04-01
EP2027314A1 (de) 2009-02-25
CN104357928B (zh) 2018-11-02
US20170121855A1 (en) 2017-05-04
JP5231404B2 (ja) 2013-07-10
CN104357928A (zh) 2015-02-18
CN101501252A (zh) 2009-08-05
CN101501252B (zh) 2014-10-29
AT503803A4 (de) 2008-01-15
AT503803B1 (de) 2008-01-15

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