Classifications

• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D03—WEAVING
  • D03C—SHEDDING MECHANISMS; PATTERN CARDS OR CHAINS; PUNCHING OF CARDS; DESIGNING PATTERNS
  • D03C7/00—Leno or similar shedding mechanisms
  • D03C7/06—Mechanisms having eyed needles for moving warp threads from side to side of other warp threads
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D03—WEAVING
  • D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
  • D03D19/00—Gauze or leno-woven fabrics
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D03—WEAVING
  • D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
  • D03D49/00—Details or constructional features not specially adapted for looms of a particular type
  • D03D49/04—Control of the tension in warp or cloth
  • D03D49/06—Warp let-off mechanisms
  • D03D49/10—Driving the warp beam to let the warp off
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D03—WEAVING
  • D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
  • D03D51/00—Driving, starting, or stopping arrangements; Automatic stop motions
  • D03D51/005—Independent drive motors
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
  • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
  • D10B2403/00—Details of fabric structure established in the fabric forming process
  • D10B2403/01—Surface features
  • D10B2403/011—Dissimilar front and back faces
  • D10B2403/0114—Dissimilar front and back faces with one or more yarns appearing predominantly on one face, e.g. plated or paralleled yarns

Definitions

• the invention relates to a leno fabric and a method and a loom for its production.
• DE 100 04 376 A1 discloses a method for producing a leno base fabric and a loom for carrying it out. This method is realized by means of a loom, in which as shedding devices known per se half heald with lifting healds according to DE 197 508 04 C1 are used in combination with at least two stranded frames.
• the production of the leno base fabric takes place in that at least two heddle frames are equipped with a plurality of first lifting healds for half heald and the other heald frame is equipped with the same plurality of lifting healds for the half heald.
• the warp tension plays both the so-called Stehrfadenkette and the Dreherfadenkette an important role.
• shedding means a so-called leno-Nadelriet and a standing-Nadelriet.
• Each Nadelriet owns a plurality of needles, at the free ends of which at least one eyelet for passing the respective leno warp thread or the respective Steherkettfadens is provided.
• the needles of each needle reed are separated by flat bars to ensure that each leno warp thread can only skim over one needle of the stirrup when making the leno weave.
• the leno and the warp warp threads are provided by at least one bottom warp beam and fed to the shed forming means via at least one spreading beam. Therefore, the leno warp yarns and the warp warp yarns have the same warp tension.
• the variety of patterns in such leno fabrics is limited insofar as qualitative differences between the leno warp yarns and the warp warp yarns, particularly the fineness of the warp yarns or yarns, are largely excluded.
• the invention relates to a leno fabric with novel functional properties, in particular for use as a floor covering.
• velor loop or smooth textiles are used.
• various manufacturing methods are known. So it is known to manufacture velor and loop carpets on complicated and elaborate rod and Doppelteppichwebmaschinen.
• Tuftingteppichen and process for their preparation a carrier layer z.
• a fleece or a fabric in the form of a Pohltik introduced, usually by incorporating yarn loops, wherein the surface may be formed as velor or in the form of loops. To solidify the incorporated loops, these are then connected by a binder with the carrier material. This means that several process steps are required to make tufted carpets.
• floor coverings on the upper side and bottom side thereof generally have to have different functional properties. Special requirements are mainly due to the surface structure, the Tread comfort and the robustness of the top. On the underside of the floor coverings, especially those properties are particularly important, which come into play in cooperation with the respective substrate. These include, for example, skid resistance and adhesiveness. In addition, certain requirements are placed on the floor covering as a whole, such. As a certain stiffness and slip resistance and a desired basis weight.
• Fabrics in particular the leno fabrics considered here, which have different properties on their upper surface than on their underside are also referred to as so-called "double-face fabrics.”
• these different properties can relate to physical properties, as with floor coverings, but they can also have aesthetic aspects of patterning and color intensity on the front and / or back of the fabric.
• the invention is therefore based on the object to provide a dense leno fabric, which has different functional and / or aesthetic top and bottom sides, which is easy to manufacture and a variety of applications is accessible. Moreover, it is a further object of the invention to provide a method and a loom for realizing such a method for producing the leno fabric according to the invention.
• the leno fabric according to the invention has at least base warp threads, leno warp threads and weft threads, wherein the weft threads on the
• Base warp threads are arranged substantially free of space.
• the term gap-free should be understood to mean that the weft threads are arranged so close to each other that they touch each other at least slightly, so that the side of the leno fabric, which is formed by the weft threads, is essentially formed by its structure or color.
• the weft threads are bound by means of the leno warp yarns which have a much lower titer than the ground warp yarns, being set at such a lower tension than the warp yarns that the interlacing of the leno warp yarns with the ground warp yarns, which are present by the binding, are arranged in a plane which is different from the plane which runs through the maximum thickness of the weft threads and in the longitudinal direction.
• the crossings either face the base warp threads or are arranged on the upper side formed by the weft threads, but not between the weft threads.
• the leno warp yarns have a higher incorporation into the fabric than the base warp yarns. This means that the weft threads remain essentially without twisting in their longitudinal extent, while the leno warp threads due to their significantly lower warp tension loop around the weft threads to their setting with the base warp threads in the sense of greater incorporation.
• the crossovers are essentially covered by the weft yarns touching each other, so that they are essentially not visible on the upper side of the leno fabric formed by the weft yarns. Due to the tension-related laying of the crossings on the underside of the weft threads and thus in the direction of the ground warp threads, a so-called double-face property of the leno fabric can be achieved with a corresponding color or structural coordination of ground warp threads and leno warp threads.
• the color or structure of the base warp yarns and the leno warp yarns dominates, whereas on the opposite side of the leno fabric, i. on the top, the color or structure of the weft threads dominates.
• the leno warp yarns are thus provided by a first warp beam and the base warp yarns by a second warp beam, wherein the leno warp yarns are fed into first shed forming means and the ground warp yarns are fed into second shed forming means. Both types of warp threads are brought together in the binding point of the leno fabric to be produced.
• the warp yarns and the leno warp yarns of warp beams each having its own electromotive drive, that is, electromotive warp let-off, are provided, the tension of both the ground warp yarns and the leno warp yarns can be individually adjusted and controlled.
• the weft threads are arranged and bound so close together that the fabric has a sliding structure.
• Sliding-resistant structure is understood to mean a very dense tissue, which otherwise can be achieved at best with plain weave.
• a major advantage of such a leno fabric consists, above all, in the fact that the structure or pattern or color of at least one side of the leno fabric is determined by the weft yarns, which can easily be inserted as required into the respective shed at the respective location, whereas a conventional fabric, the different shape or pattern over the base warp threads is achieved, for different colors, a relatively large effort in terms of winding different yarns or different colors on the warp beams.
• the leno fabric according to the invention has a very high flexibility in patterning and structure compared to conventional leno fabrics.
• the ground warp yarns are incorporated only so weakly that they are substantially rectilinear and bonded by means of the heavily incorporated leno warp yarns.
• the weft threads cover the leno warp threads and thus also the ground warp threads almost completely.
• the color, structure or the surface of the leno fabric on the one hand by the Weft threads and on the other side determined by the Grundkettfäden and the leno warp threads, so that so that a so-called double-face fabric can be generated.
• the leno fabric is formed so that on the top of the base warp yarns alternately at least one coarse and especially soft weft and at least one thin and in particular stiff weft are arranged such that the coarse weft yarns substantially cover the thin weft yarns and a substantially closed, by In particular, color and structure of the coarse weft threads define defined surface.
• the coarse weft threads and the thin weft threads may be arranged alternately; However, it is also possible that in each case two coarse weft threads are followed by a thin weft threads or vice versa or other combinations of coarse weft threads and thin weft threads are realized.
• the order of the arrangement of coarse weft threads and thin stiff weft threads contributes significantly, in addition to the stiffness in the warp direction generated by the base warp yarns, also to the stiffness of the fabric in the weft direction.
• the voluminous coarse tail yarns cover the finer, stiff weft threads towards the surface, thereby forming the already mentioned dense, substantially closed surface. They thus ensure that the surface properties, in particular of a floor covering, do not change despite increased rigidity of the entire fabric.
• the weft threads and the ground warp threads are looped around by the leno warp threads, that is to say the leno warp threads run both horizontally and vertically in several planes and bind the weft threads and the ground warp threads together to form a firm fabric.
• the leno warp threads run both horizontally and vertically in several planes and bind the weft threads and the ground warp threads together to form a firm fabric.
• the desired different functional properties are achieved at the upper side or at the lower side of the fabric. For example, when heavy-duty coarse weft threads are used, the top of the fabric becomes rugged and abrasion-resistant
• the base warp threads of the fabric according to the invention are arranged on the underside of the fabric and extend substantially straight in a plane, they form a support plane for the weft threads when they are arranged correspondingly tight.
• a significant advantage of the leno fabric according to the invention is that can be easily realized by appropriate selection of materials, the respective structure, the physical properties and aesthetic designs with the fabric according to the invention for any applications on the use of appropriate weft threads.
• Different functional properties on the respective sides of the fabric are particularly advantageous for awning fabrics, for example.
• the functional properties include in particular volume, topography of the surface, failure, color and tread comfort and surface resistance, as well as the patterning.
• the base warp threads disposed on the underside of the fabric essentially perform the function of the stiffness of the fabric and the desired properties, such as in the case of a floor covering, the properties of the fabric in connection with the substrate on which the floor covering is to be laid. Since the base warp threads on the underside of the floor covering run almost in a straight line and also form a certain area with appropriate density, these may consist entirely or partly of metallic fibers, whereby a conductivity is achieved, which is used for detection tasks such as in particular the monitoring of rooms and / or the discharge of electrostatic charges can be used.
• the leno warp yarn is used as a binder yarn and forms the tie between the weft yarns forming the surface and the ground warp yarns.
• Another advantage of the leno fabric according to the invention is, inter alia, that an article change can be easily realized because only the Weft yarns and / or the weft density can be changed quickly and easily.
• up to 16 colors pic-pic for the weft insertion can be presented to a rapier loom in the weft.
• the thickness of the fabric is changed and adapted to the particular application.
• the weft density can be adjusted so that the fibers of the weft yarns can be more or less densified, depending on the desired performance property.
• the characteristic of the binding threads with the correspondingly adjustable thread tension during weaving influences the robustness of the floor covering due to the constriction which occurs between weft threads and base warp threads.
• the leno warp threads acting as binding threads can be made from natural or synthetic fibers with finenesses between 22 and 5000 dtex.
• the leno warp yarns of e.g. 22 dtex polyester and the base warp yarns of e.g. Polyester with 1,100 dtex are particularly advantageous.
• the leno warp yarns of e.g. 22 dtex polyester and the base warp yarns of e.g. Polyester with 1,100 dtex are particularly advantageous.
• At least two base warp threads are tied together by means of the leno threads.
• the two ground threads form a group of ground warp threads, wherein at least two weft threads can be tied together by means of the leno threads.
• the individual weft threads or groups of weft threads are bound with at least two leno warp threads.
• the weft yarns are preferably varied in groups with respect to their titer, the number of weft yarns depending on their thickness and their size on the surface of the fabric to achieve a step-like structure.
• the entire fabric surface or fabric sections can be designed so that they are visually dominant or, vis-à-vis other fabric sections, the base warp threads are visually dominant, depending on the variation of the weft threads. In this way, e.g. Leno fabrics are made with longitudinal stripes.
• the particularly dense fabric with non-slip structure offers the possibility, for example, with multi-colored weft material and einWhenem warp material to produce a fabric in which the colors of the weft threads clearly on only one side of the fabric, while on the other fabric side, the fabric underside, the basic warp threads clearly can be seen and thus the colors of the weft threads are either optically blurry or only indistinct or only weak.
• Tissues with these properties could previously only be produced by material-consuming atlas or twill weaves.
• Garnfritten for the weft threads and the warp threads and with a suitable setting or selection of the tension of the leno warp yarns and the Grundkettfäden is achieved in a leno fabric according to the invention, the already described double-face property even with very thin and light leno fabrics.
• each tear resistant type of yarn is usable as the base warp.
• the weft threads have a denier of 500 dtex to 20,000 dtex and the base warp threads are stiff.
• the base warp yarns are preferably formed at least partially from metallic material or are metallized and preferably have a titer of 500 dtex to 2000 dtex, wherein the leno warp yarns preferably have a titer of 15 to 5000 dtex.
• the leno warp yarns have a yarn count of 1/30 to 1/60, in particular 1/50 of the ground warp threads.
• the yarn count of polyester leno warp yarns is in the range of 15 to 30 dtex and that of the base warp yarns is on the order of 1100 dtex.
• weft threads Since a variety of materials can be used as weft threads, it is provided in a preferred embodiment of the invention to use so-called fancy threads as weft threads. With these effect yarns special surface structures and effects are achieved.
• a method of making a leno fabric as described above.
• leno warp yarns as the first warp yarn and base warp yarns as the second warp yarn of respective warp beams are fed to the fabric.
• the leno warp yarns bind at least one weft yarn, in each case, onto the ground warp yarns together with the ground warp yarns, the leno warp yarns being set to a warp tension which is opposite to the warp yarns
• Base warp yarns is significantly lower, and wherein the leno warp threads are incorporated into the fabric stronger.
• the leno warp yarns are fed individually or in groups into a first shed forming device and the ground warp yarns individually or in groups into a second shed forming device.
• the crossing point during setting moves, depending on the stress ratio, into a plane which is different from the plane defined by the maximum thickness of the weft threads in their longitudinal direction runs. This means that the crossings are either below or above this level related to the maximum thickness of the weft threads. If the crossings are below the said plane, they may be completely covered by these with the appropriate thickness of the weft threads.
• the crossings are arranged above the weft threads, resulting in a completely different surface structure and thus a completely different appearance of the surface.
• the surface structure is defined by the weft threads or by the weft threads and the crossings formed by the leno warp threads.
• a weaving machine for carrying out the method of manufacturing a fabric as described above.
• the weaving machine according to the invention comprises a leno warp warp beam having a first drive and a ground warp warp beam having a second drive.
• a Schwenkriet to guide the Dreherkettfäden to form a first shed and a Steherriet to guide the Grundkettfäden to form a second shed are provided, wherein the Schwenkriet are drivingly connected to a sley and the Steherriet via a transmission with a drive shaft.
• a weft thread insertion device is provided, by means of which the weft threads can be introduced into a shed which can be formed from the leno warp threads and the base warp threads.
• Sensors for detecting the warp tension and the leno warp yarns as well as the ground warp yarns are provided. These sensors provide signals (actual values) to a device for control and adjustment and in turn provides appropriate signals to the drives of the warp beams, on the basis of which the warp tension is adjusted so that the tension of the leno warp threads is substantially lower than the tension of the ground warp threads, whereby the incorporation of the leno warp threads in the fabric therefore higher, in particular considerably higher than that the basic warp is.
• the crossings migrate downwards or upwards from the middle of the tissue, and it is to be understood here that the crossings are located below an imaginary plane which extends in the direction of the weft longitudinal axis through its maximum diameter region parallel to the weft axis By up-wandering it is understood that the crossings are arranged above this plane.
• the batten carries a reed, by means of which the weft thread inserted into the shed can be hit at the binding point of the fabric in a manner known per se.
• a winding device for removing and winding the finished fabric is provided, wherein the winding device may have an independent drive, by means of which the peel or winding speed of the finished fabric, and thus the warp tension can be influenced.
• the first warp thread share consisting of a multiplicity of leno warp threads is preferably inserted into the first one Drawn shedding device, subsequently passed through a second shedding device and then through the reed, wherein the respective warp threads are brought together in the so-called binding point of the fabric to be produced with a second Kettfadenschar.
• the second of a plurality of ground warp yarns existing warp thread is passed through the first shed forming device, subsequently fed into a second shed forming device and then passed through the reed and merged in the binding point with the first Kettfadenschar.
• the first and second warp thread groups pass through a warp stop motion which is arranged between the shed forming devices and the spreading boards.
• Both in the Dreherkettfadenschar and in the Grundkettfadenschar voltage sensors are provided for separate detection and for separately influencing or controlling the warp tension, which deliver the measured actual voltage to the weaving machine control by means of a signal transmission.
• the stresses are now adjusted so that the base warp yarns are subjected to a higher tension than the leno warp yarns.
• the finished after the binding point tissue is almost completely wrapped by a rotationally driven tissue take-up roller and then guided via suitable guide rollers to a rotary driven cloth beam and wound up by this.
• the rotationally driven fabric draw-in roller like the first and the second warp beam, is operatively connected to a separate electromotive drive, which is likewise connected to the loom control in order to transmit corresponding signals.
• the actual warp tension is detected in the respective Kettfadenschar means of the voltage sensors and transmitted as an electrical signal to the loom control.
• the deviation of a predetermined desired warp tension is determined on the basis of a desired-actual-value comparison.
• the aforesaid first and second shedding devices are so-called Nadelriete which, as well as they moving drives, among others
• Figure 1 a a fabric in conventional plain weave with a slip resistance of 100%
• FIG. 2 shows a diagram for comparing the weft density in comparison to the fineness of the weft yarn
• Figure 3 is a comparison of incorporation in conventional dense canvas fabric and dense leno fabric
• FIG. 4 shows a leno fabric according to the invention with alternately arranged different weft thread materials
• Figure 5a is a schematic representation of a leno fabric in a sectional view
• FIG. 5b the schematic representation according to FIG. 5a) in plan view
• Figure 6a) is a schematic representation of the leno fabric according to the invention according to Figure 4 in a sectional view;
• Figure 6b is a schematic representation of the leno fabric according to the invention according to Figure 6a) in plan view;
• Figure 7a is a schematic representation of another embodiment of the leno fabric according to the invention in a sectional view with tightly arranged weft threads;
• FIG. 7b a schematic representation of the leno fabric according to the invention according to FIG. 7a) in plan view with high weft density and high
• FIG. 8 shows a further embodiment of the leno fabric according to the invention in a schematic representation of the plan view with groupwise setting of the weft threads in the ground warp direction and in the weft direction;
• Figure 9 is a schematic representation of a loom for performing the method as a side view
• Figure 10 is a schematic representation of the weaving machine for performing the method in side view with Nadelriet as shedding device for the base warp threads;
• Figure 11 is a schematic representation of the weaving machine for performing the method in side view with Nadelriet as shedding device for leno warp threads.
• FIG. 1a shows a traditional plain weave with warp threads 1 and weft threads 2, wherein in the side sectional view, the forces are shown, which along the Weft threads around a warp result.
• the slip resistance of a conventional leno weave is about 170%.
• plan view the base warp threads 1 and the weft threads 2 and the leno warp threads 3 are shown. It can be seen that due to the angle of wrap of the weft threads and the leno warp yarns result in more acute angle between the forces acting on a base warp forces. The latter is shown in the side sectional view. With FQ, the thread tensile forces in the tissue and with ⁇ or Ci 1 or ⁇ 2, the angle between the respective forces are shown.
• FIG. 1 b now shows that the slip resistance of a leno fabric is greater due to the higher number of thread crossings within a binding unit and due to the larger wrap angles at the thread crossings.
• FIG. 2 shows a comparison of the weft density of conventional leno cloth with leno cloth produced by the method according to the invention, based on the fineness of the weft yarn.
• Easy Leno ® 2T is used for the leno fabric according to the invention.
• the leno fabric according to the invention or the process for its production works positively in forming the leno weave by positive locking. From a technological point of view, this means that the warp tension is varied to a far greater extent than previously known.
• the warp threads are subdivided into two systems, the leno fabric according to the invention being produced by setting different warp tensions.
• the crossing of the warp threads is no longer - as in the conventional leno fabric - diagonal, and it is produced a leno fabric with a new look, which is significantly influenced by the significantly higher weft density.
• the leno fabric according to the invention being produced by setting different warp tensions.
• the crossing of the warp threads is no longer - as in the conventional leno fabric - diagonal, and it is produced a leno fabric with a new look, which is significantly influenced by the significantly higher weft density.
• the weft threads in the leno fabric according to the invention in contrast to the canvas fabrics is straight, the tissue penetration and the use of massive Breithaltesystemen can be avoided.
• the so-called color effects in the fabric can be introduced via the weft threads.
• awning fabrics simplifies the preparation in the weaving preparation considerably. This also applies to the twisting, sharpening and sizing to a considerable extent. Because it is weaving technically easier to vary the color or type of yarn on the weft than to produce warp beams, which have wound up the pattern or strip-related color differences on itself. In particular, in the awning weaving a strong increase in flexibility is achieved by the leno fabric according to the invention.
• the color effects of the weft threads are more pronounced, and the fabric surface is given a fine character.
• Such a fine surface structure is ideally suited to get a better grip on water and dirt repellency.
• Such fine surface structures also offer advantages in the application of a fabric thus produced with respect to a base fabric for digital printing, as
• Incorporation ability This means that the warp density can be kept precisely constant over the entire fabric width. This is particularly advantageous in the production of technical textiles for composites and semi-finished products.
• inventive leno fabric using, for example, PES filament yarns of fineness 1,100 dtex lattice constructions with four threads per centimeter and tightly knit fabric with a very fine surface texture of up to 22 threads per centimeter.
• a further field of application is the production of ballistic fabric using aramid filament yarns, wherein a wide variety of degrees of density can be produced according to the use of different yarn counts.
• the molecular chains are orientated approximately 100% in the tensile direction by the preparation. Since the weft threads can be deposited almost in a straight line onto the base warp threads, the leno weave according to the invention makes it possible to orient the aramid filament threads 100% in the loading direction as well. This allows the properties of the expensive aramid yarns to be utilized up to 100% in the fabric. Due to the fact that the weft threads of the fabric in the leno fabric according to the invention rest on one side on the warp threads and are delimited by the base warp threads on the lower fabric side, weft threads of different fineness produce relief-like fabric surface structures. The use of elastane yarns in the base chain thereby decisively supports the deformability of the leno fabric. Such properties play an important role especially in car upholstery to achieve the desired requirements there such as deformability and relief structures for air circulation and seating comfort.
• Figure 3 shows that when a fabric has 50% weft and 50% warp yarns, the weft-insertion incorporation is maximal. It is about 25% and requires to spread the fabric on the loom Stabbreithalter. To reduce the jump in weaving, one reduces the proportion of weft threads and increases the proportion of warp threads accordingly. Thus, the web weaves less on the weaving machine, and only two pinwheels in the edge or auxiliary edge region are sufficient for spreading.
• the leno fabric according to the invention has, independent of the thread density, no incorporation ability in the weft direction.
• wide-cylinder cylinders with two needle wheels, which are used in the edge or auxiliary edge area are sufficient for fabric guidance, as a result of which, in principle, no wrinkles due to weft density changes occur.
• FIG. 4 shows a further exemplary embodiment according to the invention.
• this leno fabric relatively thick, bulky weft yarns 2 are arranged on relatively thin, stiff base warp yarns 1. Between each weft thread 2, a thin stiff weft thread is arranged in each case.
• the weft threads are each connected by Dreherkettfäden 3 with the Grundkettfäden 1.
• the fact that the thick weft threads are relatively bulky, the thin weft threads are almost covered by the thick bulky weft threads. Since the leno warp yarns have a significantly lower thread thickness than the thick bulky weft yarns, the upper side of the fabric is essentially dominated only by the color or structure of the weft yarns 2.
• the thin stiff weft threads 2b together with the base warp threads 1, serve for the stiffness of the leno fabric on its underside. Such a construction is particularly advantageous for floor coverings. Because with it, a desired solidified soft surface structure can be optimally produced. The stability of such velor-like fabric surfaces is comparable to hand knitting. An additional consolidation at the bottom will no longer be necessary, because the thin stiff weft threads 2b bring this additional strength in connection with the base warp threads 1. This makes it possible to design lightweight, environmentally friendly floor coverings.
• FIG. 5a shows a side sectional view
• FIG. 5b shows a corresponding plan view of a leno fabric.
• the base warp threads 1 run in
• the direction of the fabric is rectilinear, and the weft threads 2 arranged at right angles thereto also run in a straight line. In between, the leno warp threads 3 wrap around the base warp threads 1 and the weft threads 2 in an alternating sequence
• FIG. 5 Figures are not to scale, ie above all the fineness of the leno warp threads 3 or binding threads can still be considerably smaller than quantitatively in FIG. 5 shown.
• the distances between the individual warp yarns 1 may be significantly lower or substantially disappear completely, whereby a dense fabric underside is formed, which is a bearing surface.
• the individual weft threads 2 can be arranged so close to one another that they form a completely dense layer on the upper side of the fabric, as a result of which only the properties of the weft threads 2 determine the surface properties of the finished fabric.
• the base warp threads 1 are arranged so close to one another that they form a dense layer on the underside 5 of the fabric.
• the properties of the underside 5 of the floor covering can be advantageously influenced.
• FIG. 6 a shows a sectional view of the leno fabric according to the invention shown in FIG.
• Figure 6b a corresponding plan view is shown.
• this representation is not to scale, so that with respect to the thread thicknesses and the size of the interstices, the statements or description in conjunction with Figure 5 apply equally.
• the spaces shown in Figure 6 are shown only for better understanding.
• the weft threads can be arranged so close to each other that these spaces do not exist. At least when using coarse and bulky weft threads 2a, the arrangement is such that they are close to each other.
• FIG. 5 shows a sectional view of the leno fabric according to the invention shown in FIG.
• a coarse weft 2a is always followed by a thin weft 2b.
• the thin weft 2b may differ in addition to the fineness and shape in the material of the coarse weft 2a.
• a textile floor covering consists of the thin weft 2b for example from a very stiff material and thereby causes a high stiffness of the leno fabric in the weft direction.
• the stiff material of the thin weft yarns 2b does not adversely affect the comfort of the textile floor covering
• the coarse weft yarns 2a are made of a soft material and are so closely interwoven with the thin weft yarns 2b that they completely cover the thin weft yarns 2b.
• the stiff thin weft threads 2b on the upper side 4 of the fabric are not visible and also not noticeable.
• FIG. 7 shows a dense leno weave in which the weft threads are arranged as close together as the thickness of the leno warp threads permits both in the sectional view according to FIG. 7a) and in the plan view according to FIG. 7b). If the leno warp yarns 3 are chosen to be very thin, the weft yarns 2 can be arranged close together. With appropriate thickness of the leno warp threads, however, these can contribute to the fact that gaps are filled, which also creates a dense leno fabric.
• a similarly generated leno fabric is as shown in Figure 7, wherein the direction of setting the leno threads varies in groups, so that over the direction of setting the Dreherkettfäden 3 with the weft threads and / or the Grundkettfäden also strip-like patterns can be generated.
• the weaving machine 6 shown schematically in FIG. 9 has a first warp beam 7a with leno warp threads 3 and a second warp beam 7b
• the first warp beam 7a has an electromotive
• Kettablass 8a while the second warp beam 7b an electromotive
• Kettablass 7b has. Both warp let-off motors 7a, 7b are above respective ones
• Control lines 9a and 9b signal-transmitting connected to a loom control 10. While the leno warp yarns 3 over a paraxially parallel to the first warp beam 7a arranged coating tree 11 in the direction of
• Shedding means 12 run, the base warp threads 1 are arranged on another parallel to the second warp beam 7b arranged bowing tree 13 in
• the shedding device 12 has a first Nadelriet 12a, in the needles the Dreherkettfäden 3 are retracted, and a second Nadelriet 12b, in whose needles the Grundkettfäden 1 are retracted.
• Leno fabric 16 merged and form together with a weft thread, not shown here, the weave 14 abuts the binding point 16a and which set the Dreherkettfäden and Grundkettfäden, the finished leno fabric 16th
• the finished leno fabric 16 is successively fed via a stationary fabric table 17, a guide roller 18 and a provided with a separate electric motor drive 19 Einziehwalze 20, from which it by a nip between the Einziehwalze 20 and a pressure roller 21 via a further guide roller 22 to a Beam 23 passes on which it is wound up.
• the rollers described are rotatably mounted in a machine frame, not shown here, which also carries the fabric table 17.
• the leno warp yarns and the ground warp yarns 3, 1 pass through a warp stop motion 24, the lamellae 24a of which open on the warp yarns 3, 1 can detect a warp yarn breakage.
• the corresponding coating tree 11, 13 and the warp stop 24 is in the leno thread chain and the basic thread chain 3, 1 each have a warp tension sensor 25, 26 are arranged. Both warp tension sensors 25, 26 are each signal-connected via a corresponding signal line 25a and 26a to the loom control 10.
• the drawing-in roller 20 also has a separate electromotive drive 19, which is likewise signal-transmitting connected via signal lines 19a and 19b to the loom control 10.
• the speed of the respective trees or roller is controllable, the tension of the Dreherkettfäden as well as the Grundkettfäden on the present system for controlling Control of the warp tension can be adjusted. This is done via appropriate target / actual value Comparisons which maintain or set the predetermined desired warp tension in the leno thread chain and in the ground thread chain 3, 1 or adapted to the respective conditions.
• FIG. 10 illustrates a possibility which, with a vertical offset of the weaving plane 27 according to FIG. 9, permits the use of only one needle reed in the shed forming devices 12.
• FIG. 10 shows this vertical offset of the shed forming devices 12, the reed 14 with the sley 15 and the fabric table 17 from the original weaving plane 27 into the weaving plane 27a. In this case, it is sufficient if only a Stehernadelriet 12 b is provided for the formation of a lower compartment for the basic warp threads 1.
• the Drehernadelriet 12a is a conventional lamellae, because the movement of the leno warp yarns 3 from the upper shed in the lower shed with the upper Rietbund 12a 'of the Lamellenrietes 24a can be effected.
• the return of the Dreherkettfäden 3 from the lower compartment in the upper compartment is in contrast effected due to the prevailing in the Dreherkettfäden 3 warp tension.
• FIG. 11 shows the vertical offset of the shed forming device 12, the reed 14 with the sley 15 and the fabric table 17 from the original weaving plane 27 into the weaving plane 27b.
• the warp stopper 24 is in the direction of the shed forming means 12, a leno warp threads and the base warp yarns 3, 1 holding approximately in the arrangement plane of the warp stop 24 24 hold-down device 28 is provided. Because of this, it is sufficient if only one rotary needle bar 12a is provided for forming a top compartment for the leno warp threads 3.
• the Steherriet 12b is a conventional lamellae, because the basic warp yarns 1 can be supported after the shed change of Dreherkettfäden 3 in the lower Rietbund 12b 'of Steherrietes 12b to form a top shelf. It is added that the ones shown schematically in FIGS. 9, 10 and 11
• Weaving machines have a main drive shaft, which is operatively connected to an electric motor drive 29 and of which the drive for the reed 14, the needle or lamella reed 12a and the needle or
• Lamella reed 12b is derived with the interposition of appropriate gear.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Textile Engineering (AREA)
• Woven Fabrics (AREA)
• Looms (AREA)
• Socks And Pantyhose (AREA)
• Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)
• Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)

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• 2005
  • 2005-12-22 JP JP2007548684A patent/JP4584318B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2005-12-22 DE DE502005008394T patent/DE502005008394D1/de active Active
  • 2005-12-22 AT AT05824203T patent/ATE446399T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 2005-12-22 BR BRPI0519768-6A patent/BRPI0519768A2/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 2005-12-22 WO PCT/DE2005/002306 patent/WO2006069562A1/fr active Application Filing
  • 2005-12-22 RU RU2007129148/12A patent/RU2347022C1/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 2005-12-22 EP EP05824203A patent/EP1838910B1/fr not_active Revoked
  • 2005-12-29 US US11/323,720 patent/US7287553B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related

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