Classifications

• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
  • E04F15/00—Flooring
  • E04F15/02—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements
  • E04F15/10—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements of other materials, e.g. fibrous or chipped materials, organic plastics, magnesite tiles, hardboard, or with a top layer of other materials
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
  • E04F13/00—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings
  • E04F13/07—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor
  • E04F13/08—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements
  • E04F13/0801—Separate fastening elements
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
  • E04F15/00—Flooring
  • E04F15/02—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements
  • E04F15/02194—Flooring consisting of a number of elements carried by a non-rollable common support plate or grid
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
  • E04F15/00—Flooring
  • E04F15/02—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements
  • E04F15/08—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements only of stone or stone-like material, e.g. ceramics, concrete; of glass or with a top layer of stone or stone-like material, e.g. ceramics, concrete or glass
  • E04F15/082—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements only of stone or stone-like material, e.g. ceramics, concrete; of glass or with a top layer of stone or stone-like material, e.g. ceramics, concrete or glass with a top layer of stone or stone-like material, e.g. ceramics, concrete or glass in combination with a lower layer of other material
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
  • E04F15/00—Flooring
  • E04F15/02—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements
  • E04F15/02044—Separate elements for fastening to an underlayer
  • E04F2015/02105—Separate elements for fastening to an underlayer without load-supporting elongated furring elements between the flooring elements and the underlayer
  • E04F2015/02111—Separate elements for fastening to an underlayer without load-supporting elongated furring elements between the flooring elements and the underlayer not adjustable
  • E04F2015/02116—Separate elements for fastening to an underlayer without load-supporting elongated furring elements between the flooring elements and the underlayer not adjustable with fastening elements extending into the back side of the flooring elements
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
  • E04F2203/00—Specially structured or shaped covering, lining or flooring elements not otherwise provided for
  • E04F2203/06—Specially structured or shaped covering, lining or flooring elements not otherwise provided for comprising two layers fixedly secured to one another, in offset relationship in order to form a rebate

Definitions

• the invention relates to a holding device, which is based on elastic deformation, for connecting components, in particular covering plates or on covering plates and their elastic deformation based holding devices, with which they are connected to a covering.
• Base plates are known in many execution. They can be made of natural stone, of ceramic material, of plastic or wood and in individual cases of metal. Furthermore, mixtures of these materials are possible, which are then either inserted into each other or mounted on a common support plate. Such compounds of surface materials and a support plate are often used even with only one surface material in order to use the mostly expensive surface material in the thinnest possible and thus inexpensive form.
• the support plates are made of cost and manufacturing reasons mostly made of plastic, especially polyurethane, and are connected to the below-mentioned global decor panels materials either by gluing or the decor panels are fittingly inserted into a mold and the support plate is foamed.
• Such flooring plates which may have overlaps for better adjustment in the edge region, can be glued to the floor with conventional adhesives or they are glued to substructures having the form of strips or latticework, which are first fastened to the ground, after which the tiles in glued or inserted the mounting system thus formed, the correct dimensions and the correct position, or be clipped by elastic deformation of individual areas.
• the invention now relates to this attachment by elastic deformation of holding parts, hereinafter referred to as "Klips” or “push button ', which has proven itself and in itself, but in which various problems have arisen in that the elastically deformable elements due to unfavorable addition of Production tolerances, due to unfavorable addition of uneven density distributions in the mostly foamed, elastically deformable holding elements and the like more, over larger areas the desired exact location of the individual lining plates to each other or to comply only with great effort.
• EP 0 816 592 A discloses a floor element which has mushroom-shaped projections in the edge areas with axes normal to the element main surface, which can be inserted into corresponding recesses in edge regions of the neighboring element. So the individual elements are connected to a surface.
• US 3,676,971 A discloses covering plates with a fixation of a different kind: By means of holding plates, which hold in each case the four colliding at a corner covering plates in position.
• the holding plates have roof-shaped elevations which protrude into complementary depressions on the underside of the lining plates.
• FIG. 2 neither a real fixation nor a true adjustment of the lining plates is intended, it is only intended to prevent free sliding, larger tolerances (joints or gaps 17, 18 and 19 in FIG. 2) are obviously accepted.
• DE 41 35 662 C discloses a multi-purpose platform of a number of sheets, which are connected by connecting elements arranged in each case in the corner regions. The connection is made by screw through slots through, thus not by elastic deformation of holding parts.
• EP 0 191 868 A discloses another type of laying of floor slabs, namely on a frame consisting of strips which are adjusted to one another by means of cylindrical pins which project into cylindrical counter-holes of the neighboring slat, but without any fixing of the frame parts to one another , The bottom plates themselves are simply inserted into the frame thus formed.
• the FR 2 690 472 A is far from the field of the invention and relates to the compound of a grate on an I-beam by means of a I-beam embracing tab pulled by a screw together with nut through one of the holes of the slatted base to this is and so the upper crossbar of the I-beam einldemmt, which causes the fixation of the grate.
• Adjusting and fastening elements are known in various embodiments of publications that deal with the construction of double floor systems. It is only on DE 23 39 978 A, DE 23 60 784 A, DE 31 14 590 A, DE 33 30 612 A, FR 2 710 360 A, WO 97/26424 A and US 5,333,423 A directed.
• the floors disclosed in these documents consist of supporting elements which are placed or fastened in a predetermined pattern on the subfloor, which are adjusted in height to the desired height and are then placed on the actual floor panels, by projections and recesses, analogous to the cited document, the adjustment and fixation is achieved.
• the latter French document differs slightly in that it relates to a demountable exhibition floor, in which the supports are interconnected and thus form a kind of frame and where further the centers of the individual covering plates can be supported.
• Frame element which can accommodate a plurality of cover plates, used and the
• Cover plates rest on strip-shaped projections of the frame element and are also supported by cylindrical support and adjustment elements near their center.
• the frame elements can be connected to one another by correspondingly configured edge regions. Also this floor is only as floor and only in the
• a floor which is not a double floor, but allows the compensation of differences in level, is known from DE 202 08 282 U.
• bearing surfaces of resting on the ground plate storage can be adjusted in height, the plates rest on the camps and are adjusted in their position within the lining level by vertical webs.
• FR 2 206 430 A One particular type of flooring, in some respects a doubling of the latter, is FR 2 206 430 A, FR 2 206 430 A, FR 2 570 116 A, US 3 857 749 A and US 4 090 338 A: All these publications have floor coverings as their content, their panels consisting of a lower and an upper area exist, wherein the outlines of the two areas deviate from each other, but in properly adjacent position allow a gap in both areas gapless. Thus, the problem of overloading the edges and in particular corners of lining plates should be avoided. However, none of these documents has something to do with the mounting of these plates on the substrate, this assembly is carried out according to the individual documents in a conventional manner, namely by surface bonding with a suitable binder or by laying flat (floating installation).
• the invention has the object to provide a connection between the holding plates and the lining plates, or from lining plate to covering plate, which ensures both improved accuracy of positioning each other and at least equally simple and reliable installation or attachment. It always can instead of covering plates other components are connected to each other, which is not always given because of the easier readability of the text.
• the holding device and the lining plate each having at least one adjusting element and at least one holding element, wherein the adjusting element of the holding device with the adjusting element of the lining plate produces a substantially positive connection and the holding element of the holding device with the holding element of the lining plate a produces essentially non-positive connection.
• both protruding parts such as pins, mushroom-shaped projections, etc., as well as the associated countersinks or recesses are understood.
• the position of the two components to be connected is determined by the interlocking connection effected by the adjusting elements.
• By frictionally acting holding elements a firm connection between the components is ensured.
• the frictional connection can be ensured by the mushroom shape and the corresponding "undercut" shape of the associated recess, but it is also possible, due to frictional engagement, which also depends on elastic deformation, to arrive at the frictional connection It is also possible to form conical or pyramidal structures It is essential that it is possible to separate the components again without destruction or damage only by overcoming the elastic deformation.
• the holding device can be arranged in a first embodiment of the invention on the lining plates themselves, e.g. be made in one piece with these. On the covering plates to be joined counterparts are arranged at appropriate locations.
• the holding devices are provided on retaining plates.
• the holding plates and the lining plates adjusting elements and retaining elements which cooperate with corresponding counterparts on the lining plates or retaining plates.
• the adjusting elements are cylindrical or prismatic and that the adjusting elements protrude higher above the contact surface between the holding plate and the lining plate as the holding elements. In this way, it is ensured that the adjusting elements interlock ' and secure the position of the two plates to each other before the elastically deformable holding elements cooperate, so that displacements of the plates to each other according to uneven elastic deformation of the holding elements can not take place.
• the adjusting elements can be chamfered or chamfered at their free ends to allow easier assembly, the adjusting elements can be integrally formed on the plate (holding plate or lining plate) during foaming or injection molding, but it is also possible for the adjusting elements be foamed or cast as lost cores in the respective plate, which makes it possible, for example, to use adjusting elements made of metal.
• the counter-elements can either be designed as matching recesses with bevels on the edges or it can be foamed suitably formed metallic bushes on the type of lost cores.
• the gluing of the adjusting elements and counter-elements is possible, but this will be useful only in exceptional cases because of the expense and the need exactly manufactured adhesive joints.
• the holding elements can now, as already known, consist of mushroom-shaped projections which are pressed into undercut depressions or, as is preferred, snap-type metallic structures are inserted or foamed into the respective component in the manner of lost cores.
• These holding elements are inexpensive, reliable, and multiple times to open or close, so replacing the
• Cover plates is easily possible even after installation, unless the cover plate itself is also glued to the substrate or the support plate, but this is not necessary in view of the holding forces resulting from the snaps.
• FIGS. 3 to 5 show a second variant, 6 a third variant, FIGS. 7 to 12 a fourth variant in various embodiments, FIG. 13 a fifth variant, FIG. 14 a usable with the second variant of the lining plate formation and Fig. 15 for all Variants capable design.
• connecting element according to the invention is indeed explained with reference to a floor covering or wall covering, but that it is often used in construction and mechanical engineering.
• Fig. 1 shows, purely schematically, a variant of the invention, in which adjacent lining plates are connected directly to each other.
• the lining plates each consist of a support plate, which ensures the mechanical strength and at least one decorative plate, which determines the visual appearance.
• the representation is, as it does not matter for the invention, always purely schematically.
• the lining plate has in its edge region on a stepped course, which either runs at the transition between the decorative plate and the support plate or may be formed within the support plate. These contours are formed in the manner of a half tongue and groove connection and known in the prior art for some time.
• a lining plate 1 consists of a support plate 3 with rounded corners and arranged thereon (possibly multi-part) decorative plate 2 with rectangular corners, which springs back in the considered corner behind the circumference of the support plate 3.
• the adjusting pin 4 and the adjusting opening now engage each other before the pushbutton 5 and its counterpart come into contact with each other.
• the adjustment opens into this counter surface and the counterpart to the push button also ends flush with this mating surface, since otherwise a surface contact in the region of the push button would not be possible.
• the height H of the adjusting pin 4 is greater than the height h of the push button 5 over the end face of the projecting part of the support plate.
• the support plate protrudes in full thickness on the decorative plate, so that the counter-elements to the adjusting pin 4 and the push button 5 already in the decorative plate. 2 must be trained.
• This is possibly mechanical or because of the manufacturing process of the covering plate disadvantageous and of course not necessary, it may be the support plate 3 is formed thinner in its projecting part than in the area below the decorative plate 2, so that the counter elements of the Justierlixs 4 and the push button 5 at least partially , Preferably entirely, are arranged in the support plate.
• the reason for this is that it is preferred from the manufacturing cost and manufacturing accuracy to mount these elements in the lost core type support plate, usually in a mold by foaming or injection.
• FIG. 3 shows a plan view of a erfmdungs formed according to the holding plate 12 which rests on the substrate 10 and in which a schematically imagined covering plate 11 is shown by a total of 4 cooperating with them lining plates.
• the holding plate 12 carries positioning pins 14 and receptacles 15 'for (not shown) press studs, corresponding to the push buttons 5 of the embodiment according to FIGS. 1 and 2.
• FIG. 4 which is a side view in the direction of the arrow IUI in Fig. 3, project in this embodiment, circular cylindrical positioning pins 14 higher above the surface of the support plate 12 as the receptacles 15 'for the push buttons.
• the height ratio is thus determined so that the positioning pins 14 come into contact with the associated Positionieröffhungen before the push buttons contact their recordings 15 '.
• FIG. 4 shows a holding plate 12 in a perspective view.
• This holding plate has grooves 17, which allow the holding plate 12 selectively break off along these grooves by pivoting to easily fix the corners of lining plates in the edge region of the lining can without needing special parts or a special tool.
• an opening 18 is provided in the central region.
• the holding plate 12 it is possible to produce the holding plate 12 by foaming a mold, but it has been found that the use of plastic holding plates, which has been processed by injection molding, has advantages, since with them the production time, the accuracy of the manufactured parts and their mechanical strength is generally superior to the holding plates produced by foaming foamed plastics.
• the covering plates 11, which in general also consist of a support plate and at least one decorative plate, can be produced by injection molding, but it has been found here that the production in molds in which the
• Decor panel or the individual decorative panels are used on the type of lost cores and the mold is then preferably filled with closed-cell polyurethane (or similar plastics), is generally advantageous.
• the counterparts for the positioning pins 14 are formed by forming appropriate pins on the shape and the attachment of the push buttons according to the snaps 5 by appropriate insertion into the mold at the appropriate places with.
• the Fig. 14 The positioning pins 14 and the push buttons 5 are provided or formed in a common, L-shaped insert member 27 which is foamed in the production of the (not shown) support plate as a lost core with. It is thus possible to produce the insert 27 from a material which is particularly suitable for the transmission of forces in the connection region. Also, this embodiment allows a substantial simplification of the shape in which the lining plate is made. In the example shown, the lining plate facing side 33 of the insert part is not exactly flat, resulting in a flat training and a secure anchorage in the lining plate, but is not necessary. Recesses 34, in which the material of the support plate penetrates when foaming, improve continue the seat. This measure can be omitted or replaced by another, which is the skilled person in the field of plastics technology in the knowledge of the invention a simple matter.
• FIG. 6 shows in plan view a variant with strip-shaped holding plate 22, which otherwise corresponds to the holding plate 12. Also, it has adjusting elements or positioning pins 24 and holding elements or push buttons 25, which are provided at appropriate locations.
• FIG. 7 to 12 show a variant of a holding plate according to the invention in various embodiments, not only for covering plates, but also for wall elements in particular for the so-called exhibition or berth building, for room dividers, in the so-called dry interior and especially for toys udgl. can be used.
• the adjusting and holding elements are substantially parallel to the surface of the plates 21.
• the adjusting elements 4 and 5 holding elements of the lining plate 1 of FIG. 1 are normal to the surface of the lining plate.
• FIG. 7 shows a purely schematic horizontal section through the corner region of a floor or wall covering in the four rectangular covering plates 21 abut each other.
• recesses 24 ' are formed, which cooperate with positioning pins 24 which are provided on the support plate 22.
• the support plate 22 on push buttons 25 which cooperate with matching counterparts 25 'in the end wall 26 of the lining plate 21.
• These push buttons 25 may, as explained above, be known from automotive engineering push buttons or, especially for small-sized elements to be connected, integral with these having trained, undercut shapes, which are elastically deformable or, especially in large-sized and solid parts to be joined such as in particular components significantly larger and be acting with stronger holding forces holding elements.
• FIG. 8 shows a schematic side view of a holding plate or holding device 22 from which, again schematically, the arrangement of the adjusting pins 24 and the clips 25 can be seen.
• the detailed design of these elements results from the above-mentioned and is therefore neither further illustrated nor explained in more detail.
• Plating is common, it is advantageous to use a holding device 32, as shown in Fig. 9 daxhen and that consists essentially of a doubling of the retaining strip or
• Holding device 22 corresponds in its width. Of course it is also possible one
• Holding device 22 or a similar construction to halve, this can be like from the
• Fig. 10 to 12 is shown.
• Fig. 10 shows a holding device 22 ', which is only half as long as the holding device 22 of FIG. 8
• Fig. 11 shows a holding device 22 ", the holder 22 at the same length only on one side with adjusting elements 25 and
• Fig. 12 shows a holding device
• all of these holding devices may be designed to multiply in the direction normal to the image plane as well as the holding device 32 and it may also be the dimensions and configurations of the adjusting elements, but especially the holding elements as described above formed or dimensioned differently.
• FIGS. 7 to 12 only one adjusting element 24 per component 21 to be connected was shown in FIGS. 7 to 12; this was done only for reasons of clarity, it is advantageous at least two such Provide adjusting pins per holding part.
• a simple and reliable mechanical connection of individual components thereof can be created with the holding devices 22 according to the invention, etc., in particular for fair booths or exhibition stands, for shut-off or separation, in particular if they are light and multiple be formed dismantled, the system according to the invention is outstandingly suitable.
• FIG. 13 shows a variant of the invention in which the holding device 22 has at least two adjusting elements 24 for each component 21.
• a very advantageous development of the invention, in particular for covering plates, which are used as floor coverings, is the integration of electrical lines, which are conductively connected to one another by the metallic holding elements. It can thus, especially in the trade fair area, data lines, lighting escape routes, etc. are created easily and reliably. This requires only the “diversion" of Ladders in the appropriate places, which are easily realized by special plugs or tiles with integrated connections.
• an electrical conductor 32 is provided (or is an insulated conductor), which electrically connects the two illustrated metallic receptacles 15 'for the push buttons 5 of the lining plates 1.
• the push buttons 5 are in turn by means of lines (without reference numeral) with heating elements, light bands, or just lines, short an electrical element 30, electrically connected.
• the cover plate arranged on the left has an electronics 31 which can cooperate, for example, with a remote control or a sensor.
• the electrical element 30 is a light strip (or a sequence of lights)
• the electronics 31 can predefine a pulse train or, in the case of escape route lighting, give the switch-on pulse in conjunction with a fire alarm control unit or the like.
• the electrical element 30 is also possible to form the electrical element 30 as a heating element, which extends flat or meandering.
• a power supply, od.dergl. be led to a display case, a desk or a sales desk, without the need for a complex installation in the ground or a visually unsatisfactory "overhead supply”.
• the holding plates can take a different shape, in particular ingot shape, where they run along abutting edges of adjacent lining plates and hold and adjust a plurality of lining plates and, if necessary, electrically connect.
• the heating elements or lighting elements can be punctiform, linear or planar, the electronics can be controlled by remote control, and the like, this is no problem for a person skilled in the field of heating or lighting or their control and regulation with knowledge of the invention ,

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Architecture (AREA)
• Civil Engineering (AREA)
• Structural Engineering (AREA)
• Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Floor Finish (AREA)
• Connection Of Plates (AREA)
• Joining Of Building Structures In Genera (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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• 2004
  • 2004-12-21 AT AT0213704A patent/AT501449B1/de active
• 2005
  • 2005-12-21 JP JP2007547075A patent/JP4954893B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2005-12-21 US US11/793,328 patent/US20080250744A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2005-12-21 EP EP05819109A patent/EP1831481A1/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 2005-12-21 WO PCT/AT2005/000518 patent/WO2006066299A1/de active Application Filing
  • 2005-12-21 CN CNB2005800484742A patent/CN100537970C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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