EP1819596B1 - Machines destinees au formage, au remplissage et a la fermeture de sachets et dotees d'un dispositif de levage de sachet - Google Patents

Machines destinees au formage, au remplissage et a la fermeture de sachets et dotees d'un dispositif de levage de sachet Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1819596B1
EP1819596B1 EP05798034A EP05798034A EP1819596B1 EP 1819596 B1 EP1819596 B1 EP 1819596B1 EP 05798034 A EP05798034 A EP 05798034A EP 05798034 A EP05798034 A EP 05798034A EP 1819596 B1 EP1819596 B1 EP 1819596B1
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Prior art keywords
sack
filling
machine according
filled
discharge opening
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP1819596A1 (fr
Inventor
Thomas Knoke
Uwe Köhn
Rüdiger Grosse-Heitmeyer
Thomas Hawighorst
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Windmoeller and Hoelscher KG
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Windmoeller and Hoelscher KG
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Priority to PL05798034T priority Critical patent/PL1819596T3/pl
Publication of EP1819596A1 publication Critical patent/EP1819596A1/fr
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B9/00—Enclosing successive articles, or quantities of material, e.g. liquids or semiliquids, in flat, folded, or tubular webs of flexible sheet material; Subdividing filled flexible tubes to form packages
    • B65B9/10—Enclosing successive articles, or quantities of material, in preformed tubular webs, or in webs formed into tubes around filling nozzles, e.g. extruded tubular webs
    • B65B9/13—Enclosing successive articles, or quantities of material, in preformed tubular webs, or in webs formed into tubes around filling nozzles, e.g. extruded tubular webs the preformed tubular webs being supplied in a flattened state
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B1/00—Packaging fluent solid material, e.g. powders, granular or loose fibrous material, loose masses of small articles, in individual containers or receptacles, e.g. bags, sacks, boxes, cartons, cans, or jars
    • B65B1/02—Machines characterised by the incorporation of means for making the containers or receptacles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B1/00—Packaging fluent solid material, e.g. powders, granular or loose fibrous material, loose masses of small articles, in individual containers or receptacles, e.g. bags, sacks, boxes, cartons, cans, or jars
    • B65B1/30—Devices or methods for controlling or determining the quantity or quality or the material fed or filled
    • B65B1/36—Devices or methods for controlling or determining the quantity or quality or the material fed or filled by volumetric devices or methods
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B43/00—Forming, feeding, opening or setting-up containers or receptacles in association with packaging
    • B65B43/42—Feeding or positioning bags, boxes, or cartons in the distended, opened, or set-up state; Feeding preformed rigid containers, e.g. tins, capsules, glass tubes, glasses, to the packaging position; Locating containers or receptacles at the filling position; Supporting containers or receptacles during the filling operation
    • B65B43/46—Feeding or positioning bags, boxes, or cartons in the distended, opened, or set-up state; Feeding preformed rigid containers, e.g. tins, capsules, glass tubes, glasses, to the packaging position; Locating containers or receptacles at the filling position; Supporting containers or receptacles during the filling operation using grippers
    • B65B43/465—Feeding or positioning bags, boxes, or cartons in the distended, opened, or set-up state; Feeding preformed rigid containers, e.g. tins, capsules, glass tubes, glasses, to the packaging position; Locating containers or receptacles at the filling position; Supporting containers or receptacles during the filling operation using grippers for bags
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B43/00—Forming, feeding, opening or setting-up containers or receptacles in association with packaging
    • B65B43/42—Feeding or positioning bags, boxes, or cartons in the distended, opened, or set-up state; Feeding preformed rigid containers, e.g. tins, capsules, glass tubes, glasses, to the packaging position; Locating containers or receptacles at the filling position; Supporting containers or receptacles during the filling operation
    • B65B43/54—Means for supporting containers or receptacles during the filling operation
    • B65B43/56—Means for supporting containers or receptacles during the filling operation movable stepwise to position container or receptacle for the reception of successive increments of contents
    • B65B43/58—Means for supporting containers or receptacles during the filling operation movable stepwise to position container or receptacle for the reception of successive increments of contents vertically movable
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B1/00—Packaging fluent solid material, e.g. powders, granular or loose fibrous material, loose masses of small articles, in individual containers or receptacles, e.g. bags, sacks, boxes, cartons, cans, or jars
    • B65B1/04—Methods of, or means for, filling the material into the containers or receptacles
    • B65B1/10—Methods of, or means for, filling the material into the containers or receptacles by rotary feeders
    • B65B1/12—Methods of, or means for, filling the material into the containers or receptacles by rotary feeders of screw type

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for producing, filling and sealing of plastic bags with dusty or granular bulk material, as well as for closing the filled bags.
  • Such a device is for example from the DE 93 01 355 U known.
  • a device for producing, filling and closing unilaterally open preferably provided with gusseted bags of thermoplastic described in which a first welding and separation station to form the bag with bottom seam, a filling station and a second welding station for closing the bag available.
  • these filling machines are classified in the FFS (Form Fill and Seal) category.
  • the filling of dusty goods according to the known filling method described usually leads to a significantly inflated product volume or to a significant reduction in bulk density, since the product accumulates heavily in the free fall with air. This, in turn, leads to bottling the product initially much more packaging material is needed. In addition, the air must be able to escape from the bag again, otherwise it can not be stacked or stored.
  • the EP 1 459 981 A1 suggests, therefore, to introduce the filler neck of a metering of an FFS machine in the opening of a bag.
  • the object of the present invention is therefore to propose an apparatus and a method which further reduce the formation of mist or dust by filling.
  • a development device of an FFS machine winds a plastic hose made of a thermoplastic material, which is pronounced as a gusseted hose.
  • the transverse cutting direction which separates the tube transversely to its main axis of symmetry and produces pieces of tubing, often simultaneously forms the sack bottom of the bags resulting from the tube pieces by means of a transverse cutting seam.
  • transverse cutting with a knife in conjunction with transverse welding is more common.
  • the resulting in the separation and bottoming bags are transported by transport devices in a suitable manner by the machine, the transport devices usually include gripper pairs.
  • the bag is filled in a filling station.
  • the metering member for filling the bag with filling material comprises a drop tube and a screw conveyor.
  • the associated FFS machines thus include per filling station usually only one filling tube and a screw conveyor and of course other device features that allow the filling of the bag. These include, for example, a funnel.
  • the stroke that the bag makes in the filling station will be considerable. It is often more than half the length of the bag. Very low drop heights of the contents on the bag bottom are desirable in order to minimize the formation of mist.
  • the unavoidable drop height at the beginning of the filling process can be reduced below 20 cm.
  • the lifting movement of the bag is likely to be predominantly vertical, and the bag is pulled downright over the generally cylindrical shaped downpipe. In this case, the dosing can remain stationary, that is, in particular, not be designed to perform longer vertical movements.
  • such a metering device advantageously comprises only a drop tube and a screw, as well as other device objects such as a funnel.
  • a bag bottom support device is particularly advantageous, since during the filling of the bag, even at low drop heights it may be necessary to support the floor which has just been welded.
  • the bag bottom support device may comprise movable support surfaces in the manner of lifting platforms. Such support surfaces can be driven along with the entire lifting movement of the bag.
  • Another way constructive simply to provide such bag bottom support devices is located in pivotal support surfaces, for example, along a horizontal axis can be folded away when the bag is lowered again after the filling process.
  • a connecting piece which engages around at least parts of the dosing or its cylindrical downpipe and which is retractable during the filling in the space between the dosing and the bag wall , This retraction can be done along the downpipe of the metering.
  • the filler neck can also be so pronounced that it contains, for example, along its outside inflatable elements which close the gap between the bag wall and the filler neck.
  • the same can also apply to its inner wall, in which case the gap between the nozzle itself and the metering device would have to be closed.
  • the bag would be closed in its filling with respect to the outside atmosphere, with only the downpipe would reach into the bag inside.
  • suction at the metering is not only - as described below - sucked air from the product. There is also an influx of air from the outside, so that it comes to a directional flow. It is also advantageous if the air is sucked in connection with the connection piece between the connection piece and the bag wall. As a result, especially the bag wall parts are kept free at the height of the connecting piece of filling material. The entire measures for the maintenance of the bag wall material of filling material are needed if this material is to serve as a closure of the bag by a weld. In FFS machines, a continuous determination of the bag weight during filling is frequently made.
  • such a check of the bag weight is preferably carried out via a bag weight measurement on the bag lifting device or the bag bottom support device.
  • These two elements of the machine can also be provided with means for generating vibrations. These are used in FFS machines to further reduce the air content in the filling material.
  • the material outlet opening of the metering element is below the filling level of the bag. This can be done particularly well with a device according to the invention. In the spacing of the material outlet opening of the metering and the level Material and filling rate specific target values must be observed in order to minimize fogging of the contents.
  • control device which is the most diverse physical values, which are suitable for determining the level in the bag, communicated.
  • these values may include the instant weight of the bag.
  • Other methods could determine the fill level of the bag with suitable jets.
  • the control device could then make a continuous lowering of the position of the same depending on the level of the bag to be determined, so that the Gregutaustrittsö réelle the dosing during the entire filling of the bag is always a desired distance below the level of the bag.
  • the product outlet opening could also be above the fill level. This can be realized with the same measures / device features. Another easier way to maintain such a desired distance is the lowering of the bag as a function of time.
  • the closed at the lower end empty bag 11 is a horizontally displaceable transport, such as a gripper 18, passed and transported to the filling station.
  • the filling station takes over a further transport 4, which consists of 3,4,5, the bag section.
  • the empty bag is now opened with a suction system 16.
  • the gripper 4 is moved in the Z direction.
  • the connecting piece of the transport system 3 is moved into the bag and protects the sack inner surfaces from contamination by possible product adherence to the metering tube 2,21.
  • the opened bag is pulled by the transport system 3,4,5 over the metering tube 2,21,22 until the lower end of the bag is approximately at the level of Gregutaustrittsö réelle 31.
  • the bag bottom support device 32,33,34 is driven under the sack floor.
  • the closure tube 21 is lifted and releases the product outlet opening 31.
  • the product / bulk material 24 is filled in the bag.
  • the transport system 3,4,5 lowers the bag in such a way that the product outlet opening 31 is always below the filling level. However, even before the end of the metering of the product / bulk material 24, the product outlet opening 31 should be at least once above the filling level.
  • the closure tube 21 is lowered and closes the product outlet opening 31.
  • the connection piece is pulled out of the bag.
  • the gripper 4 of the transport system 3,4,5 is now moved counter to the Z-direction and pulls the opening area at the upper edge 25 of the previously opened bag tight.
  • Another transport means 14 takes over the filled bag 8.
  • the closing device 14 By means of the closing device 14, the upper edge of the bag 25 is now closed. If necessary, it can be sucked out by the filter 22 integrated in the closure tube 21 together with the metering process. The required vacuum is introduced via the pipe 23.
  • the integration of the filter 22 in the closure tube allows a very compact design, which makes it possible to fill even relatively small bags.
  • the suction of the air leads to a certain extent to a compression of the bulk material. As a result, a sack size appropriate to the product quantity can be selected.
  • vibration generators / beaters 29 This effect of product compaction can be enhanced by the additional use of vibration generators / beaters 29.
  • the vibrations are transmitted from the metering tube 2,21,22 to the filling material 24, in which then takes place a compression.
  • Another advantage of the "vibrating metering tube" 2,21,22 is that the formation of product adherence to the metering tube 2,21,22 thereby largely avoided.
  • the vibrator 29 could also be arranged on the "Sackêtunterstützungsvortechnisch" 34!
  • Another function of the extraction may be to specify a corresponding flow direction 28 in order to keep the "fog" (product dust) occurring in particularly light and dusty products from the sack inner surfaces in the area of the later head weld seam. For this, it must be ensured that the air can enter at the circumference of the connecting piece or between the connection piece and the metering unit.
  • a particularly advantageous embodiment of the carriage is to store the frame 5 together with the neck 3, transport 4 and the absorption 16 on sensors.
  • the sensors send their signal to a weighing electronics, which ultimately controls the dosing process.
  • Another possibility of product weighing which can be used advantageously in the entire FFS area is to mount the entire metering element, consisting of 1,2,21, on sensors 29.
  • the product feed located above the metering device 1 would then first fill the metering device 1 mounted on the sensors with an exact quantity of product 24.
  • the duration of the dosage is controlled by an electronics connected to the sensors.
  • the pre-weighed amount of product can now be delivered through the metering at high speed in the bag.
  • the metering system can preferably consist of a vertically arranged screw conveyor with direct metering into the bag.
  • the bulk material can also be pumped into the bag by means of a pressure system.
  • the bulk material level in the hopper 1 is exposed to an overpressure.
  • This method requires a Untertikbehellung due to the required back pressure.
  • the air introduced from the bulk material in this case can be sucked out of the bag via the filter 22 integrated in the closure tube.

Claims (18)

  1. Machine pour le formage, le remplissage et la fermeture de poches (8, 11), laquelle comporte les caractéristiques de dispositif suivantes:
    - un dispositif de déroulement (19) pour un tube en matière plastique (15),
    - un dispositif de coupe transversale (17), qui sectionne le tube transversalement à son axe de symétrie principal et forme, à cette occasion, des segments de tube,
    - un moyen de formage du fond (13) destiné à former un fond de poche à une extrémité des segments de tube,
    - des dispositifs de transport (4, 10, 18) destinés à transporter les poches formées à travers la machine,
    - un poste de remplissage comportant un organe de dosage (2) pour remplir la poche (8, 11) avec le produit (24),
    - des moyens (3, 4, 5) destinés à diminuer la distance entre l'orifice de distribution de l'organe de dosage et le fond de la poche à remplir,
    - des moyens de fermeture destinés à fermer la poche remplie,
    caractérisée
    - en ce que les moyens (3, 4, 5), destinés à diminuer la distance entre l'orifice de distribution de l'organe de dosage et le fond de la poche à remplir, comportent un dispositif de levage de la poche (3, 4, 5), par lequel la poche (8, 11) peut être soulevée dans le poste de remplissage, de telle sorte que son bord supérieur (25) se situe au-dessus de l'orifice de distribution (31) de l'organe de dosage (2),
    - et en ce qu'il est prévu un dispositif de commande,
    - lequel est relié à des dispositifs de mesure (26), qui transmettent au dispositif de commande des informations qui permettent de déterminer le niveau de remplissage de la poche (8),
    - et par lequel l'orifice de distribution et le niveau de remplissage de la poche (8) sont positionnés à distance l'un de l'autre de manière à respecter les valeurs de consigne spécifiques à la matière et à la vitesse de remplissage, afin de réduire au minimum la formation d'un nuage de poussière avec le produit de remplissage.
  2. Machine selon la revendication précédente, caractérisée par un dispositif de commande qui commande le dispositif de levage de telle sorte que celui-ci s'abaisse lentement pendant son remplissage.
  3. Machine selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée par un dispositif de commande qui commande le dispositif de levage (3, 4, 5) en fonction du temps, de telle sorte que celui-ci abaisse lentement la poche (8, 11) pendant son remplissage.
  4. Machine selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée par des moyens (3, 4, 5) destinés à diminuer la distance entre l'orifice de distribution (31) et le fond de la poche à remplir, lesquels comportent un dispositif de levage (3, 4, 5) destiné à relever la poche (8, 11) sur une distance égale à la moitié de sa longueur.
  5. Machine selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée par des moyens (3, 4, 5) destinés à diminuer la distance entre l'orifice de distribution (31) et le fond de la poche (8, 11) à remplir, lesquels comportent un dispositif de levage (3, 4, 5) destiné à relever la poche (8, 11) sur une distance égale aux deux tiers de sa longueur.
  6. Machine selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée par des moyens (3, 4, 5) destinés à diminuer la distance entre l'orifice de distribution (31) et le fond de la poche (8, 11) à remplir, lesquels comportent un dispositif de levage (3, 4, 5) destiné à relever la poche, par lequel la poche (8, 11) peut être déplacée pendant le processus de remplissage essentiellement dans la direction verticale le long de la direction de transport du produit de remplissage (24).
  7. Machine selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée par un organe de dosage (2) stationnaire.
  8. Machine selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que l'organe de dosage (2) comporte seulement un tube de descente (21) et une vis sans fin (7).
  9. Machine selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée par un dispositif de support du fond de poche (32, 33, 34), lequel support le fond de la poche (8, 11) au moins pendant une partie du processus de remplissage.
  10. Machine selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que le dispositif de support du fond de poche (32, 33, 34) comporte des surfaces d'appui qui peuvent être déplacées verticalement.
  11. Machine selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que le dispositif de support du fond de poche (32, 33, 34) comporte une surface d'appui pivotante.
  12. Machine selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée par une tubulure de raccordement (3), qui enserre au moins des parties de l'organe de dosage (2) et qui peut être positionnée entre l'organe de dosage (2) et la paroi intérieure de la poche (8, 11).
  13. Machine selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que la tubulure de raccordement (3) peut être déplacée le long de l'organe de dosage (2).
  14. Machine selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que le dispositif de levage de la poche (3, 4, 5) et/ou le dispositif de support du fond de poche (32, 33, 34) comportent des moyens pour déterminer le poids de la poche.
  15. Machine selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que le dispositif de levage de la poche (3, 4, 5) et/ou le dispositif de support du fond de poche (32, 33, 34) et/ou le tube de dosage sont en liaison active avec des moyens destinés à générer des vibrations.
  16. Procédé pour le formage, le remplissage et la fermeture de poches (8, 11), lequel comporte les caractéristiques de procédé suivantes:
    - déroulement d'un tube en matière plastique (15),
    - sectionnement transversal du tube, transversalement à son axe de symétrie principal en formant des segments de tube,
    - formage d'un fond de poche à une extrémité des segments de tube,
    - transport des poches formées à travers la machine,
    - remplissage de la poche (8, 11) avec un produit (24) au moyen d'un organe de dosage,
    - diminution de la distance entre l'orifice de distribution de l'organe de dosage et le fond de la poche à remplir,
    - fermeture de la poche remplie,
    caractérisé par
    - la diminution de la distance entre l'orifice de distribution de l'organe de dosage et le fond de la poche à remplir, sous l'effet d'un déplacement vertical de la poche,
    - la transmission d'informations à un dispositif de commande, le niveau de remplissage de la poche (8) pouvant être déterminé à partir desdites informations,
    - le positionnement à distance entre l'orifice de distribution et le niveau de remplissage, de telle sorte que l'orifice de distribution (31) de l'organe de dosage (2) est situé à une distance de consigne en dessous du niveau de remplissage de la poche pendant le processus de remplissage de la poche (8, 11),
    - l'orifice de distribution (31) étant situé, encore avant la fin du processus de dosage, au moins une fois au-dessus du niveau de remplissage.
  17. Procédé selon la revendication précédente, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif de commande détermine le niveau de remplissage de la poche à partir du poids actuel de celle-ci.
  18. Procédé selon l'une des deux revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif de commande détermine le niveau de remplissage de la poche à partir du flux volumique de la matière de remplissage.
EP05798034A 2004-11-11 2005-10-24 Machines destinees au formage, au remplissage et a la fermeture de sachets et dotees d'un dispositif de levage de sachet Active EP1819596B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL05798034T PL1819596T3 (pl) 2004-11-11 2005-10-24 Maszyna do formowania, napełniania i zamykania worków, z urządzeniem do podnoszenia worków

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102004054621 2004-11-11
DE102005037916.8A DE102005037916B4 (de) 2004-11-11 2005-08-11 Maschine zum Formen, Füllen und Schließen von Säcken und Verfahren zum Betrieb derselben
PCT/EP2005/011418 WO2006053627A1 (fr) 2004-11-11 2005-10-24 Machines destinees au formage, au remplissage et a la fermeture de sachets et dotees d'un dispositif de levage de sachet

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1819596A1 EP1819596A1 (fr) 2007-08-22
EP1819596B1 true EP1819596B1 (fr) 2008-10-01

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EP05798034A Active EP1819596B1 (fr) 2004-11-11 2005-10-24 Machines destinees au formage, au remplissage et a la fermeture de sachets et dotees d'un dispositif de levage de sachet

Country Status (9)

Country Link
US (1) US7877966B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP1819596B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP5015000B2 (fr)
CN (1) CN101137546B (fr)
AT (1) ATE409643T1 (fr)
DE (2) DE102005037916B4 (fr)
ES (1) ES2311237T3 (fr)
PL (1) PL1819596T3 (fr)
WO (1) WO2006053627A1 (fr)

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DE102007014892A1 (de) 2007-03-26 2008-10-02 Windmöller & Hölscher Kg Sackabfüllverfahren an einer Form-, Fill- und Seal-Maschine
DE102007014890A1 (de) * 2007-03-26 2008-10-02 Windmöller & Hölscher Kg Wiegeverfahren für eine Form-, Fill- und Seal-Maschine
DE102007015298A1 (de) * 2007-03-27 2008-10-02 Windmöller & Hölscher Kg Maschine zum Füllen und Verschließen von Säcken
DE102007015250A1 (de) 2007-03-27 2008-10-02 Windmöller & Hölscher Kg Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Formen, Füllen und Schließen von Säcken
DE102007015251A1 (de) 2007-03-27 2008-10-09 Windmöller & Hölscher Kg Maschine zum Füllen und Schließen von Säcken
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DE102005037916A1 (de) 2006-05-24
WO2006053627A1 (fr) 2006-05-26
CN101137546B (zh) 2010-09-29
DE502005005568D1 (de) 2008-11-13
US7877966B2 (en) 2011-02-01
CN101137546A (zh) 2008-03-05
DE102005037916B4 (de) 2018-08-02
US20070294982A1 (en) 2007-12-27
JP5015000B2 (ja) 2012-08-29
ES2311237T3 (es) 2009-02-01
JP2008519738A (ja) 2008-06-12
ATE409643T1 (de) 2008-10-15
EP1819596A1 (fr) 2007-08-22

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