EP0918154A2 - Culasse pour un moteur à combustion interne - Google Patents

Culasse pour un moteur à combustion interne Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP0918154A2
EP0918154A2 EP98122007A EP98122007A EP0918154A2 EP 0918154 A2 EP0918154 A2 EP 0918154A2 EP 98122007 A EP98122007 A EP 98122007A EP 98122007 A EP98122007 A EP 98122007A EP 0918154 A2 EP0918154 A2 EP 0918154A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cylinder head
oil
camshaft
bearing block
internal combustion
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP98122007A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0918154A3 (fr
EP0918154B1 (fr
Inventor
Masahiro c/o Yamaha Hatsudoki K. K. Uchida
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Yamaha Motor Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Yamaha Motor Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Yamaha Motor Co Ltd filed Critical Yamaha Motor Co Ltd
Publication of EP0918154A2 publication Critical patent/EP0918154A2/fr
Publication of EP0918154A3 publication Critical patent/EP0918154A3/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0918154B1 publication Critical patent/EP0918154B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/02—Valve drive
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/02—Valve drive
    • F01L1/022—Chain drive
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/02—Valve drive
    • F01L1/04—Valve drive by means of cams, camshafts, cam discs, eccentrics or the like
    • F01L1/047—Camshafts
    • F01L1/053—Camshafts overhead type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/34—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/34—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift
    • F01L1/344—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift changing the angular relationship between crankshaft and camshaft, e.g. using helicoidal gear
    • F01L1/34403—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift changing the angular relationship between crankshaft and camshaft, e.g. using helicoidal gear using helically teethed sleeve or gear moving axially between crankshaft and camshaft
    • F01L1/34406—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift changing the angular relationship between crankshaft and camshaft, e.g. using helicoidal gear using helically teethed sleeve or gear moving axially between crankshaft and camshaft the helically teethed sleeve being located in the camshaft driving pulley
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01M—LUBRICATING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; LUBRICATING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES; CRANKCASE VENTILATING
    • F01M9/00—Lubrication means having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01M1/00 - F01M7/00
    • F01M9/10—Lubrication of valve gear or auxiliaries
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F1/00—Cylinders; Cylinder heads 
    • F02F1/24—Cylinder heads
    • F02F1/26—Cylinder heads having cooling means
    • F02F1/36—Cylinder heads having cooling means for liquid cooling
    • F02F1/38—Cylinder heads having cooling means for liquid cooling the cylinder heads being of overhead valve type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/02—Valve drive
    • F01L1/04—Valve drive by means of cams, camshafts, cam discs, eccentrics or the like
    • F01L1/047—Camshafts
    • F01L2001/0475—Hollow camshafts
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/02—Valve drive
    • F01L1/04—Valve drive by means of cams, camshafts, cam discs, eccentrics or the like
    • F01L1/047—Camshafts
    • F01L1/053—Camshafts overhead type
    • F01L2001/0537—Double overhead camshafts [DOHC]
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/34—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift
    • F01L1/344—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift changing the angular relationship between crankshaft and camshaft, e.g. using helicoidal gear
    • F01L1/3442—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift changing the angular relationship between crankshaft and camshaft, e.g. using helicoidal gear using hydraulic chambers with variable volume to transmit the rotating force
    • F01L2001/34423—Details relating to the hydraulic feeding circuit
    • F01L2001/34426—Oil control valves
    • F01L2001/34433—Location oil control valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/34—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift
    • F01L1/344—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift changing the angular relationship between crankshaft and camshaft, e.g. using helicoidal gear
    • F01L1/3442—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift changing the angular relationship between crankshaft and camshaft, e.g. using helicoidal gear using hydraulic chambers with variable volume to transmit the rotating force
    • F01L2001/34423—Details relating to the hydraulic feeding circuit
    • F01L2001/34436—Features or method for avoiding malfunction due to foreign matters in oil
    • F01L2001/3444—Oil filters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/34—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift
    • F01L1/344—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift changing the angular relationship between crankshaft and camshaft, e.g. using helicoidal gear
    • F01L2001/34486—Location and number of the means for changing the angular relationship
    • F01L2001/34496—Two phasers on different camshafts
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B2275/00—Other engines, components or details, not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • F02B2275/18—DOHC [Double overhead camshaft]
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F1/00—Cylinders; Cylinder heads 
    • F02F1/24—Cylinder heads
    • F02F2001/244—Arrangement of valve stems in cylinder heads
    • F02F2001/245—Arrangement of valve stems in cylinder heads the valve stems being orientated at an angle with the cylinder axis
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F7/00—Casings, e.g. crankcases or frames
    • F02F7/006—Camshaft or pushrod housings
    • F02F2007/0063—Head bolts; Arrangements of cylinder head bolts

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Valve Device For Special Equipments (AREA)
  • Valve-Gear Or Valve Arrangements (AREA)
  • Cylinder Crankcases Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
EP98122007A 1997-11-19 1998-11-19 Culasse pour un moteur à combustion interne Expired - Lifetime EP0918154B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP318051/97 1997-11-19
JP31805197A JP3847428B2 (ja) 1997-11-19 1997-11-19 内燃エンジンのシリンダヘッド構造
JP31805197 1997-11-19

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0918154A2 true EP0918154A2 (fr) 1999-05-26
EP0918154A3 EP0918154A3 (fr) 2000-03-15
EP0918154B1 EP0918154B1 (fr) 2006-05-31

Family

ID=18094941

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP98122007A Expired - Lifetime EP0918154B1 (fr) 1997-11-19 1998-11-19 Culasse pour un moteur à combustion interne

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US6035817A (fr)
EP (1) EP0918154B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP3847428B2 (fr)
DE (1) DE59813570D1 (fr)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10223431A1 (de) * 2002-05-25 2003-12-11 Ina Schaeffler Kg Brennkraftmaschine mit zumindest zwei nebeneinander angeordneten, jeweils mit einer Vorrichtung zur Drehwinkelverstellung gegenüber einer Kurbelwelle ausgebildeten Nockenwellen
EP1865157A1 (fr) 2006-06-07 2007-12-12 Ford Global Technologies, LLC Système d'alimentation en huile pour moteur à combustion interne
EP1865156A1 (fr) * 2006-06-07 2007-12-12 Ford Global Technologies, LLC Système d'arbre à cames pour moteur à combustion interne
DE10209197B4 (de) * 2001-03-10 2015-05-21 Ford Global Technologies, Llc (N.D.Ges.D. Staates Delaware) Motoranordnung für eine Brennkraftmaschine mit variabler Nockenwelleneinstellung und Montageverfahren dafür

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JP4229501B2 (ja) * 1998-11-13 2009-02-25 ヤマハ発動機株式会社 エンジンのオイルコントロールバルブ配置構造
US6705264B2 (en) 1998-12-24 2004-03-16 Yamaha Marine Kabushiki Kaisha Valve control for outboard motor engine
JP3856070B2 (ja) * 1998-12-29 2006-12-13 スズキ株式会社 内燃機関のオイル通路構造
JP3859046B2 (ja) * 1998-12-29 2006-12-20 スズキ株式会社 内燃機関のオイル通路
JP3778404B2 (ja) * 1998-12-29 2006-05-24 スズキ株式会社 エンジンの油圧制御弁取付構造
JP2001050102A (ja) * 1999-05-31 2001-02-23 Yamaha Motor Co Ltd ４サイクルエンジン
AT409410B (de) * 1999-08-13 2002-08-26 Jenbacher Ag Lagereinrichtung zum lagern eines beweglichen bauteiles, insbesondere der kurbelwelle eines verbrennungsmotors
JP2001073718A (ja) * 1999-09-03 2001-03-21 Yamaha Motor Co Ltd エンジンの動弁装置
JP4396024B2 (ja) 2000-03-13 2010-01-13 マツダ株式会社 シリンダヘッド構造
JP2001342812A (ja) 2000-05-31 2001-12-14 Sanshin Ind Co Ltd 船外機用４サイクルエンジン
US6910450B2 (en) * 2000-05-31 2005-06-28 Yamaha Marine Kabushiki Kaisha Variable valve timing structure for outboard motor engine
JP2001342919A (ja) 2000-05-31 2001-12-14 Sanshin Ind Co Ltd 船外機用４サイクルエンジン
US6672283B2 (en) 2000-06-09 2004-01-06 Yamaha Marine Kabushiki Kaisha Four-cycle engine for marine drive
EP1307638A1 (fr) * 2000-07-31 2003-05-07 Firewall Forward Technologies, LLC Systeme de lubrification pour arbre a cames
JP4517514B2 (ja) * 2001-02-14 2010-08-04 マツダ株式会社 内燃機関の可変バルブタイミング機構への給油装置
JP4517513B2 (ja) * 2001-02-14 2010-08-04 マツダ株式会社 内燃機関の可変バルブタイミング機構への給油装置
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JP2003003870A (ja) 2001-06-21 2003-01-08 Sanshin Ind Co Ltd 船外機用４サイクルエンジンのバルブタイミング制御装置
JP2003013759A (ja) 2001-06-29 2003-01-15 Sanshin Ind Co Ltd 船外機用４サイクルエンジンのバルブタイミング制御装置
JP2003013761A (ja) 2001-07-02 2003-01-15 Sanshin Ind Co Ltd 船外機用４サイクルエンジンのバルブタイミング制御装置
JP2003013760A (ja) 2001-07-02 2003-01-15 Sanshin Ind Co Ltd 船外機用４サイクルエンジンのバルブタイミング制御装置
JP2003020964A (ja) 2001-07-04 2003-01-24 Sanshin Ind Co Ltd 船外機用４サイクルエンジンのバルブタイミング制御装置
JP3963084B2 (ja) * 2001-07-10 2007-08-22 スズキ株式会社 船外機用４サイクルエンジン
JP2003035156A (ja) 2001-07-25 2003-02-07 Sanshin Ind Co Ltd 船外機用４サイクルエンジン
JP2003035179A (ja) 2001-07-25 2003-02-07 Sanshin Ind Co Ltd 船外機用４サイクルエンジン
US20040011314A1 (en) * 2001-07-31 2004-01-22 Seader Mark E Camshaft lubrication system
JP3821366B2 (ja) * 2001-11-30 2006-09-13 ヤマハ発動機株式会社 内燃機関の動弁機構における油供給装置
DE10327542B4 (de) * 2002-06-29 2008-11-06 Hyundai Motor Company Ölzuführstruktur für einen Motorzylinderkopf
JP4068410B2 (ja) * 2002-07-31 2008-03-26 ヤマハマリン株式会社 船外機用エンジン
DE10307624A1 (de) * 2003-02-22 2004-09-02 Daimlerchrysler Ag Vorrichtung zur relativen Drehwinkeländerung einer Nockenwelle zu einem Antriebsrad einer Brennkraftmaschine
JP4001035B2 (ja) * 2003-03-25 2007-10-31 いすゞ自動車株式会社 カムシャフトの軸受構造
KR20040091790A (ko) * 2003-04-22 2004-11-02 현대자동차주식회사 가변 밸브 타이밍 장치가 적용되는 실린더 헤드의 캠샤프트 윤활 구조
DE502005010369D1 (de) * 2004-05-14 2010-11-25 Schaeffler Kg Nockenwellenversteller
JP4327681B2 (ja) * 2004-08-04 2009-09-09 トヨタ自動車株式会社 樹脂製シリンダヘッドカバー
US6966289B1 (en) 2005-01-21 2005-11-22 Borgwarner Inc. VCT mechanism incorporating camshaft bearing journal
JP4873243B2 (ja) * 2007-03-08 2012-02-08 スズキ株式会社 可変バルブタイミング機構付エンジン
DE102007054992B4 (de) * 2007-11-17 2020-12-17 Audi Ag Brennkraftmaschine mit einem Zylinderkopf und mit einem Schmiermittelkreislauf
US20090186725A1 (en) * 2008-01-18 2009-07-23 Joseph Jouraij Multi-utility camshaft cap for internal combustion engine
EP2112336B1 (fr) 2008-04-24 2012-08-08 Ford Global Technologies, LLC Terminal d'un système de commande radio en continu
DE102011014335A1 (de) * 2011-03-18 2012-09-20 GM Global Technology Operations LLC (n. d. Gesetzen des Staates Delaware) Zylinderkopfhaube für eine Verbrennungskraftmaschine
US8667944B2 (en) * 2011-09-20 2014-03-11 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Cylinder head assembly having an oil routing plug
JP5785482B2 (ja) * 2011-11-25 2015-09-30 本田技研工業株式会社 内燃機関のカムシャフト支持構造
US9027522B2 (en) 2012-10-17 2015-05-12 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Camshaft with internal oil filter
DE102013020770A1 (de) * 2013-12-11 2015-06-11 Daimler Ag Zylinderkopfvorrichtung für eine Brennkraftmaschine
CN104929799B (zh) * 2015-07-07 2018-02-13 安徽江淮汽车集团股份有限公司 发动机缸盖及发动机
JP6880800B2 (ja) * 2017-02-10 2021-06-02 三菱自動車工業株式会社 中空カムシャフト
JP7160505B2 (ja) * 2018-03-30 2022-10-25 ダイハツ工業株式会社 内燃機関

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DE10209197B4 (de) * 2001-03-10 2015-05-21 Ford Global Technologies, Llc (N.D.Ges.D. Staates Delaware) Motoranordnung für eine Brennkraftmaschine mit variabler Nockenwelleneinstellung und Montageverfahren dafür
DE10223431A1 (de) * 2002-05-25 2003-12-11 Ina Schaeffler Kg Brennkraftmaschine mit zumindest zwei nebeneinander angeordneten, jeweils mit einer Vorrichtung zur Drehwinkelverstellung gegenüber einer Kurbelwelle ausgebildeten Nockenwellen
DE10223431B4 (de) * 2002-05-25 2004-07-08 Ina-Schaeffler Kg Brennkraftmaschine mit zumindest zwei nebeneinander angeordneten, jeweils mit einer Vorrichtung zur Drehwinkelverstellung gegenüber einer Kurbelwelle ausgebildeten Nockenwellen
US6776131B2 (en) 2002-05-25 2004-08-17 Ina—Schaeffler KG Internal combustion engine with at least two camshafts arranged next to one another and in each case produced with a device for rotary angle adjustment with respect to a crankshaft
EP1865157A1 (fr) 2006-06-07 2007-12-12 Ford Global Technologies, LLC Système d'alimentation en huile pour moteur à combustion interne
EP1865156A1 (fr) * 2006-06-07 2007-12-12 Ford Global Technologies, LLC Système d'arbre à cames pour moteur à combustion interne
US7395802B2 (en) 2006-06-07 2008-07-08 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Oil supply for internal combustion engine camshaft
US8511269B2 (en) 2006-06-07 2013-08-20 Ford Global Technologies Camshaft system for internal combustion engine

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EP0918154A3 (fr) 2000-03-15
DE59813570D1 (de) 2006-07-06
EP0918154B1 (fr) 2006-05-31
JP3847428B2 (ja) 2006-11-22
US6035817A (en) 2000-03-14
JPH11148426A (ja) 1999-06-02

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