EP0856075B1 - Verfahren und vorrichtung zur behandlung von textilen substraten mit überkritischem fluid - Google Patents

Verfahren und vorrichtung zur behandlung von textilen substraten mit überkritischem fluid Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0856075B1
EP0856075B1 EP96925715A EP96925715A EP0856075B1 EP 0856075 B1 EP0856075 B1 EP 0856075B1 EP 96925715 A EP96925715 A EP 96925715A EP 96925715 A EP96925715 A EP 96925715A EP 0856075 B1 EP0856075 B1 EP 0856075B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
treatment
fluid
dyeing
autoclave
supercritical fluid
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP96925715A
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0856075A1 (de
Inventor
Eckhard Schollmeyer
Elke Bach
Ernst Cleve
Michael Bork
Martin Steinhauer
Jörg-Peter Körner
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ThyssenKrupp Industrial Solutions AG
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Krupp Uhde GmbH
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Publication of EP0856075A1 publication Critical patent/EP0856075A1/de
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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06B—TREATING TEXTILE MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS, GASES OR VAPOURS
    • D06B19/00—Treatment of textile materials by liquids, gases or vapours, not provided for in groups D06B1/00 - D06B17/00
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06B—TREATING TEXTILE MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS, GASES OR VAPOURS
    • D06B5/00—Forcing liquids, gases or vapours through textile materials to effect treatment, e.g. washing, dyeing, bleaching, sizing impregnating
    • D06B5/12—Forcing liquids, gases or vapours through textile materials to effect treatment, e.g. washing, dyeing, bleaching, sizing impregnating through materials of definite length
    • D06B5/16—Forcing liquids, gases or vapours through textile materials to effect treatment, e.g. washing, dyeing, bleaching, sizing impregnating through materials of definite length through yarns, threads or filaments
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M23/00—Treatment of fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, characterised by the process
    • D06M23/10—Processes in which the treating agent is dissolved or dispersed in organic solvents; Processes for the recovery of organic solvents thereof
    • D06M23/105—Processes in which the solvent is in a supercritical state
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
    • D06P1/00—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed
    • D06P1/94—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed using dyes dissolved in solvents which are in the supercritical state
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B19/00—Programme-control systems
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06B—TREATING TEXTILE MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS, GASES OR VAPOURS
    • D06B3/00—Passing of textile materials through liquids, gases or vapours to effect treatment, e.g. washing, dyeing, bleaching, sizing, impregnating
    • D06B3/04—Passing of textile materials through liquids, gases or vapours to effect treatment, e.g. washing, dyeing, bleaching, sizing, impregnating of yarns, threads or filaments
    • D06B3/09—Passing of textile materials through liquids, gases or vapours to effect treatment, e.g. washing, dyeing, bleaching, sizing, impregnating of yarns, threads or filaments as packages, e.g. cheeses

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method of the type specified in the preamble of claim 1 according to EP-A-0 514 337, which describes a dyeing method using supercritical CO 2 . It is also described in this literature reference to heat the substrate to be colored, to be precise between 70 and 300 ° C., so that the dyeing temperature depends essentially on the temperature of the substrate to be colored. There is thus an indirect influence on the coloring fluid via the temperature of the coloring substrate.
  • textile substrates such as Fibers, yarns, fiber piles, woven or knitted goods, im Repeatedly treated in the aqueous system as part of their refinement, for example boiled, bleached, colored, washed or the like
  • the textile substrates which are usually small tissue samples from the size of a few square centimeters, in corresponding Laboratory autoclaves introduced and there with the respective supercritical fluid wetted. This procedure cannot be applied to all treatment processes on an industrial scale transfer.
  • the textile substrates in one for efficient material flow presentation suitable in the textile finishing business used.
  • Yarn is refined to the bobbin, Textile webs come in packs for finishing.
  • DE-OS 42 06 952 provides a piston in the autoclave to move back and forth and as a result of this movement the wound Goods of supercritical fluid on and / or to flow through.
  • the autoclave must therefore be equipped with a larger pressure vessel volume than it is necessary for the sole inclusion of the textile goods is because of additional space for piston movement is to be provided. This is a disadvantage.
  • DE-OS 42 06 954 proposes the autoclave to be provided with a circulation pump and the wound goods flow in and / or through in the circulation of supercritical fluid allow. So that the result is even Treatment is achieved, the autoclave is parallel in several or individually acted upon with supercritical fluid Areas divided. Each area takes one serving of the wound goods. So now with all servings achieved an even treatment result each portion receives the total circulation alone and then all portions in parallel in parallel a circulation share.
  • a disadvantage is the complex structure of the apparatus and the additional duration of action required for equality the treatment in the event of parallel loading of the goods with fluid.
  • DE-OS 42 06 955 describes a device for treatment specified in supercritical fluids, in which the Autoclave absorbing textile substrate at least two Pumps are assigned.
  • the supercritical fluid is from one pump circulates through the autoclave, the other Pump also serves to promote the subcritical Condition of the treatment gas present.
  • the one Pump is designed for high flow rates in order to achieve an even flow Treatment result for textile substrates too achieve. Operation of two different pumps for almost the same task, with both pumps being short running at the same time is not optimal economically designed.
  • DE-OS 42 06 956 describes a device for treatment described by textile substrates that at least has two autoclaves.
  • the autoclaves can be used together be connected so that for the purpose of substrate removal the treatment fluid previously from the one autoclave in the new substrate to be treated Autoclaves can be pumped around. It is also one Circulation of the supercritical fluid through one or provided by several autoclaves connected in series.
  • the disadvantage is that for the purpose of adaptation to requirements industrial textile finishing a variety of autoclaves and an associated one Pipe system of complex type may be required.
  • DE-OS 39 06 724 specifies for dyeing a disperse dye in the supercritical Loosen fluid and from the resulting Float the dye onto the substrate by Fleet and substrate are brought into contact. This Contact happens in an autoclave in which the fleet largely stagnant. The treatment time for coloring the tissue sample is 10 minutes.
  • the fleet flows through it.
  • the Fleet is circulated for this purpose. Flows through the fleet the tissue sample and emerges from the treatment autoclave out. Before the fleet again in the treatment autoclave is initiated, it flows through the saturator a bed of the disperse dye used in powder form. The fleet is so when it again the Flows through the tissue sample until it is saturated with the disperse dye loaded.
  • the treatment temperature i.e. the Temperature of the liquor flowing through the tissue sample
  • the temperature of the revolving Fleet can either be increased or decreased.
  • To the liquor is either heat in a heat exchanger supplied or it is extracted from heat.
  • disperse dye the fleet becomes warm fed and the treatment temperature takes higher values on.
  • dyeing according to the invention is expedient the fleet heat before it is loaded with disperse dye fed. For this, the treatment autoclave emerging fleet first through the Heat exchanger guided and then through the saturator guided.
  • this is carbon dioxide CO 2
  • more disperse dye can dissolve with increasing temperature.
  • the fabric sample is loaded with a liquor of constantly increasing color concentration.
  • the increasing concentration difference between dye-absorbing textile substrates and dye-releasing liquor favors the kinetics of the diffusion processes during dyeing.
  • the treatment time is shorter compared to isothermal dyeing.
  • Management of the treatment temperature is another effect the treatment time for dyeing additionally.
  • the winding up of the dye is an endothermic process that runs on the fiber surface.
  • the fleet its temperature with increasing values during the treatment period applied to the textile substrate, so there is an excess Heat to accelerate endothermic winding to disposal.
  • the shortening of the treatment time by the invention proceeding is of economic importance.
  • the autoclave is operated in batches.
  • the autoclave goes through one for each batch Operating cycle that results from the sequential operations
  • Loading with textile goods e.g. Spools of thread, Filling with supercritical fluid up to treatment pressure, Treat by means of fleet circulation, draining the supercritical Fluids, removal of the textile goods, exists.
  • the duration of treatment predominant part of the cycle time. It’s easy to see that the staining time of 10 minutes determined in the laboratory for a tissue sample the economic requirements the large-scale textile finishing is not enough can.
  • the supercritical CO 2 flows through the coil from the inside to the outside.
  • the flow through the substrate layer thickness is around a thousand times thicker than with the tissue sample.
  • the comparatively high reduction in treatment time compared to treatment with stagnant fluid and constant treatment temperature is striking.
  • the dyed yarn packages are dried in several steps, first predried by centrifugation, then finally dried in a high-frequency dryer.
  • the operations are not necessary in the method of the present invention because the residual CO 2 from the yarn package easily evaporates without residues and without environmental damage.
  • the coefficient of temperature rise can have values of Accept 0.5 ° C / min up to 2 ° C / min.
  • the duration of treatment can not be arbitrarily by larger temperature rise coefficients shorten because of the limited thermal conductivity of the substrate here a barrier forms. If the temperature gradient in the substrate is too becomes steep, the substrate discolors.
  • the textile substrates are pretreated during the regimen of the first function of the treatment time.
  • This pretreatment can be aimed at the removal of sizes or preparations or at the removal of dirt and wool greases.
  • This pretreatment can be carried out, for example, as described in DE-OS 40 04 111, but can take place in a manner adapted to the fluid circulation according to the invention. CO 2 would be used as the cleaning fluid.
  • the CO 2 loaded by the pretreatment with the substances removed from the substrate is regenerated in a separator.
  • the CO 2 is subcritical and gaseous in the separator.
  • the load fills up and is mechanically separated from the CO 2 gas.
  • the CO 2 regenerated in this way is returned to the pretreatment. Because of the CO 2 recirculation, the pretreatment takes place with practically no loss of washing fluid.
  • the treatment is continued under the regime of the subsequent function.
  • the subsequent function provides, for example, that the textile substrate is to be dyed at a linearly increasing temperature in the remaining treatment time remaining interval from 90 ° C. to 120 ° C.
  • the CO 2 previously used as a washing fluid is now being used again under the regime of the subsequent function, since it is always kept in a regenerated form, i.e. unloaded, temporarily collected, but with a different conditioning.
  • the other conditioning is now designed according to the invention so that the supercritical CO 2 is loaded with dye and is used in this condition for dyeing.
  • the treatment fluid is expediently circulated in order to keep the conditioning at the originally impressed level before each new treatment run.
  • the dye from the supercritical liquor is transferred to the textile substrate to be dyed.
  • the fleet depletes of dye. Therefore, the fluid depleted in the dye is loaded with fresh dye again.
  • the method according to the invention is preferred for such Applications used in which the to be treated textile substrate made of synthetic fibers and / or mixtures made of different synthetic fibers and / or mixtures Synthetic fibers and natural fibers exist.
  • Such synthetic fibers are made, for example, of polyester, Polyamide, polyimide, polypropylene, polyethylene or Like. Made.
  • the natural fibers are silk, cotton, Wool, linen and Like. Suitable for treatment.
  • Substances are used as a supercritical fluid. Suitable are e.g. Alkanes, especially ethane, propane or Pentane, ammonia, carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, nitrous oxide, which each used alone or in a mixture become.
  • the supercritical fluid for example to increase its polarity polar substances are also added to it.
  • the process control is usually in microprocessor technology executed. It is included with amplifier assemblies the sensors and actuators that record the process parameters or act on them.
  • the available control technology When using the available control technology, it is possible to the process is largely automated to let. In addition, the available control technology allows the process into automated operations of the textile finishing company.
  • the staining autoclave itself has facilities for guidance of fluid through the bobbins that hold the fluid from inside through the perforated coil sleeve in the Let the winding body enter. Depending on your needs Staining autoclave designed so that he spool of bobbins and / or pick up flat goods wound on the tree can.
  • Coil columns with flexible sleeves can be treated pre-stressed become. Between the sleeve ends of each Coils are inserted in the column, the seals at short-circuit currents of the Block fluids on the outside past the windings.
  • the staining autoclave comes with a mechanized lid lock equipped. Up to autoclave inner diameters High-pressure clamp quick-release fasteners by one meter industrially available for 300 bar to 700 bar. Mechanized segment ring closures are used for larger diameters used. These are also for everyone treatment pressures suitable here.
  • textile substrates such as fibers, yarns, fabrics, Nonwovens, scrim or the like, treated.
  • This procedure can also be performed that an aqueous prewash to remove spin finishes, Winding oils and other hydrophobic substances, that interfere with staining with supercritical fluids, not applicable.
  • the method according to the invention serves essentially for Treatment of synthetic fibers and their mixtures with one another and with natural fibers.
  • supercritical fluids especially alkanes Ethane, propane or pentane, ammonia, carbon dioxide, Carbon monoxide, nitrous oxide each alone or in Mixture used.
  • the supercritical fluid can additionally as a moderator a polar connection, e.g. Water, alcohol and / or salts are added.
  • a process design is shown using the example of dyeing polyester yarn explained.
  • Yarn to be dyed identified as cross-wound bobbins filled in the dyeing autoclave 1.
  • Dye 11 the amount of which is about 0.5% of that used Goods weight is in the paint container basket 14 given the saturator 4.
  • CO 2 is conveyed from the collector 7 with the pump 2 via the heat exchanger 3 into the dyeing autoclave 1 and flows through the yarn packages 16 from the inside to the outside.
  • the saturator 4 is not acted upon, it is bypassed via valve 30.
  • Contaminants on the yarn such as spin finishes and winding oils, dissolve in the CO 2 and are transported to the separator 5 via an expansion valve 15 provided for pressure control. After the pressure has been reduced, the contaminants in the separator 5 precipitate out of the CO 2 gas in the subcritical state and are collected there. The regenerated CO 2 flows back into the collector 7.
  • CO 2 is pumped into the dyeing autoclave 1 through the heat exchanger 3 and the saturator 4, in which the dye 11 dissolves in the CO 2, with the pump 2.
  • the yarn in the dyeing autoclave 1 is dyed, while the CO 2 from the dyeing autoclave 1 is circulated back into the dyeing autoclave 1 with the aid of the pump 2.
  • the coloring is carried out at a constant pressure of 280 bar and with increasing treatment temperature, which over the treatment time increased linearly from 90 ° C to 120 ° C is carried out.
  • the CO 2 is continuously passed through the saturator 4.
  • the CO 2 is also loaded with dye 11 at increasing temperatures, which goes out of the ink container basket 14 into the CO 2 in solution. Since much more dye 11 is kept in the ink container basket 14 than is required for level dyeing of the yarn packages 16, the CO 2 after the saturator 4 is always loaded with dye 11 up to its saturation.
  • the yarn is dyed regardless and is removed from the dyeing autoclave 1. The bobbins are dry and ready for dispatch.
  • Fig. 1 the function of the process control is only represented with their main function according to the invention.
  • the process control 10 measures with the temperature measuring device 50 the current treatment temperature in the dyeing autoclave 1.
  • the process control is effective 10 on the heating and cooling device 8 and controls the Deviation from.
  • the setpoints are from the process control 10 according to the previously set / entered and programmed time functions set.
  • Other processes, such as pressure control, etc., are also automated by means of the process control 10, are not in for the sake of clarity Fig. 1 shown. To further explain the procedure and the device is the list of reference numerals below specified.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)
  • Coloring (AREA)
EP96925715A 1995-10-16 1996-07-11 Verfahren und vorrichtung zur behandlung von textilen substraten mit überkritischem fluid Expired - Lifetime EP0856075B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19538479 1995-10-16
DE19538479 1995-10-16
PCT/EP1996/003031 WO1997014838A1 (de) 1995-10-16 1996-07-11 Verfahren und vorrichtung zur behandlung von textilen substraten mit überkritischem fluid

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0856075A1 EP0856075A1 (de) 1998-08-05
EP0856075B1 true EP0856075B1 (de) 1999-08-18

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EP96925715A Expired - Lifetime EP0856075B1 (de) 1995-10-16 1996-07-11 Verfahren und vorrichtung zur behandlung von textilen substraten mit überkritischem fluid

Country Status (16)

Country Link
US (1) US5953780A (cs)
EP (1) EP0856075B1 (cs)
JP (1) JP3954103B2 (cs)
KR (1) KR19990064282A (cs)
CN (1) CN1059003C (cs)
AT (1) ATE183560T1 (cs)
CZ (1) CZ287481B6 (cs)
DE (1) DE59602819D1 (cs)
ES (1) ES2135246T3 (cs)
MX (1) MX9802969A (cs)
PL (1) PL181383B1 (cs)
SK (1) SK284762B6 (cs)
TR (1) TR199800667T1 (cs)
UA (1) UA51670C2 (cs)
WO (1) WO1997014838A1 (cs)
ZA (1) ZA968680B (cs)

Families Citing this family (46)

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WO2012105011A1 (ja) 2011-02-02 2012-08-09 Ykk株式会社 洗浄方法及び洗浄装置
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EP0856075A1 (de) 1998-08-05
DE59602819D1 (de) 1999-09-23
PL181383B1 (pl) 2001-07-31
JP2000500192A (ja) 2000-01-11
PL326156A1 (en) 1998-08-31
CZ287481B6 (en) 2000-12-13
SK44498A3 (en) 1998-11-04
ATE183560T1 (de) 1999-09-15
KR19990064282A (ko) 1999-07-26
JP3954103B2 (ja) 2007-08-08
MX9802969A (es) 1998-11-30
UA51670C2 (uk) 2002-12-16
CN1059003C (zh) 2000-11-29
SK284762B6 (sk) 2005-11-03
CZ87498A3 (cs) 1998-07-15
WO1997014838A1 (de) 1997-04-24
US5953780A (en) 1999-09-21
TR199800667T1 (xx) 1998-06-22
ZA968680B (en) 1998-04-15
ES2135246T3 (es) 1999-10-16
CN1200153A (zh) 1998-11-25

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