EP0849213B1 - Kran, vorzugsweise Turmdrehkran - Google Patents
Kran, vorzugsweise Turmdrehkran Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0849213B1 EP0849213B1 EP97118984A EP97118984A EP0849213B1 EP 0849213 B1 EP0849213 B1 EP 0849213B1 EP 97118984 A EP97118984 A EP 97118984A EP 97118984 A EP97118984 A EP 97118984A EP 0849213 B1 EP0849213 B1 EP 0849213B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- load
- crane
- extended
- curve
- limit load
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000012806 monitoring device Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
- B66C23/00—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes
- B66C23/88—Safety gear
- B66C23/90—Devices for indicating or limiting lifting moment
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
- B66C13/00—Other constructional features or details
- B66C13/16—Applications of indicating, registering, or weighing devices
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
- B66C13/00—Other constructional features or details
- B66C13/18—Control systems or devices
- B66C13/40—Applications of devices for transmitting control pulses; Applications of remote control devices
- B66C13/44—Electrical transmitters
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
- B66C23/00—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes
- B66C23/16—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes with jibs supported by columns, e.g. towers having their lower end mounted for slewing movements
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
- B66C2700/00—Cranes
- B66C2700/08—Electrical assemblies or electrical control devices for cranes, winches, capstans or electrical hoists
- B66C2700/082—Control of the secondary movements, e.g. travelling, slewing, luffing of the jib, changing of the range
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
- B66C2700/00—Cranes
- B66C2700/08—Electrical assemblies or electrical control devices for cranes, winches, capstans or electrical hoists
- B66C2700/084—Protection measures
Definitions
- the invention relates to a crane, preferably a tower crane, with a maximum load monitoring device that the The crane is deactivated if the load capacity reaches or exceeds the limit load resulting from the limit load curve.
- a limit load curve is usually used for cranes and in particular tower cranes defines the maximum permissible radius depending on the load specifies.
- the Signals are evaluated in an electronic monitoring and control unit, which stops the crane and interrupts further operation if it is too high Load is to be lifted or a load in the area of an unacceptable radius is proceeded. This is used, for example, to monitor the overhang the length of the trolley rope measured.
- the on the Lifting rope acting force measured. Furthermore, can be used to determine the from the boom the moment of the moment introduced into the tower measured the deformation of the tower tip , which results from the fact that the boom guy rope is attached to the top of the tower is.
- DIN 15 018 Part 1 When determining the limit load curve, DIN 15 018 Part 1 must be taken into account in given the lifting capacity coefficients according to the lifting class classification of cranes are the factors by which the actual lifting load must be multiplied, to get the arithmetically prescribed lifting load.
- the load factor depends once on the rigidity of the crane and decreases with the elasticity of the Structure and is therefore smaller, the softer the suspension of the hoist is.
- the lifting load coefficient depends on the lifting speed at the start of lifting Payload off and is smaller to the extent that the accelerations and decelerations less when lifting the load and changing the lifting movements are.
- the lifting speed is greater with a small load, so that the Lifting load factor for small loads and for larger loads and correspondingly reduced Stroke speed is smaller.
- the load capacity of a crane is determined based on the limit load curves.
- the object of the invention is to provide a crane of the type specified at the outset, its permissible load increases without changing the existing construction is.
- this object is achieved in that in a memory chip an extended limit load curve can be entered and the monitoring device The crane is only put out of operation when the load reaches the extended limit load curve or exceeds, and that a control device is provided which in the Range between the limit load curve and the extended limit load curve only one restricted crane operation, in which a load movement only with predetermined reduced speed is possible.
- the crane according to the invention can be extended in a permissible manner Operate the limit load range in which the speed of the load movement is monitored and is kept within limits, the corresponding for each speed Take the load factor into account.
- the invention thus enables the movement of higher ones Peak loads than is possible when observing the usual limit load curve.
- the invention is based on the fact that the lifting capacity of the crane, as such, is more complete is used and the parameters determining the permissible load are accurate and in a way through special control and monitoring devices be monitored that even with improper operation the extended Limit load curves cannot be exceeded.
- a switch is expediently provided, the actuation of which enables the crane operation to be switched over to the extended limit load curve.
- a signal can be given shortly before the limit load curve is reached.
- This switch can be activated manually or automatically by a special electrical circuit if the LM 1 area is exceeded in the direction of the LM 2 area and vice versa.
- Tower cranes are often between a two-leg and four-leg operation automatically switchable. According to a preferred embodiment, it is therefore provided that that expanded for two-strand and four-strand operation Limit load ranges are defined that are defined for the respective crane type, so that there is a simplification of the control as the limit load ranges do not have to be calculated specifically for each speed.
- the extended limit load range for both two-line operation and for Four-line operation can be limited by constant load curves.
- the conventional Cranes which are usually equipped with a simple mechanical overload protection are equipped, and where the mostly articulated boom attachment on Crane tower or on the turntable at a certain distance from the crane's axis of rotation lies, the loads in the front boom area are particularly strong (without a crane component having to be reinforced and usually without additional Ballast to comply with the required stability).
- the extended limit load range for the constant load that limits four-strand operation can double the lifting load, which is in double boom operation at the boom tip is possible to match.
- an additional further expanded limit load range is created in that a on the counter jib additional movable counterweight is provided. That counterweight can be used for the appropriate balancing of the boom and of the load torque and is particularly in the case of a luffing jib expedient.
- the usual limit load curve consists of the constant range 10 and the variable range Load range, which is represented by the curved curve 11.
- an advanced Limit load range defined which is limited by the extended limit load curve 12 is. This extended limit load range results from the fact that the Payload can only be raised and lowered at a speed that compared to the limit load curve 11, taking into account the lifting load coefficients is.
- the highest possible speed is determined according to the calculated reduced values of the hoist is limited to a value at which the maximum permissible speeds cannot be exceeded.
- the slewing gear In the extended limit load range becomes the slewing gear for the tower or for the superstructure carrying the boom reduced, so that turning the boom only with a correspondingly reduced Rotation speed is possible.
- Cranes expediently have hoists and trolley drives that pass through Frequency converters can be controlled because these drives compared to squirrel-cage drives work essentially shock-free and in a vibration-reduced manner. This allows the loads from mass accelerations on the steel structure significantly reduce.
- a prewarning curve 13 is provided, when starting a signal Provides advance warning that indicates to the crane operator that he is approaching the limit load range and must press a switch if he wants to run over it.
- Fig. 2 are particularly defined extended limit load curves for two-strand operation and visible for the four-strand operation.
- the extended limit load range for the two-strand operation is through the Points 1.1, 2 and 1 defined.
- the crane operator has the increased in the extended limit load range move the permissible payload from point 2 to point 1.1 he in this the normal limit load curve and thus enters the area in which he there are no restrictions on lifting and moving the load.
- the system automatically switches to the predetermined lower lifting and lowering speed. As soon as the payload is in the area 1, 1.1 and 2, the switched crane control ensures that the load can only be moved with the specified permissible lifting and lowering speed, so that the higher payload is permissible.
- the extended limit load range between points 1, 1.3, 2.2 and 2 applies. It should be noted that after the (automatic) switchover from two-line operation Double load lifted on four-strand operation with the same cable pull can be. However, because of the half stroke speed at the same Winding speed of the rope the lifting speed is reduced, is the Extended limit load range limited by the constant load curve section 1.3, 2.2 raised. The extension of the limit load range for four-leg operation is made because the lifting speed changes due to the halved so that the lift load factor to be taken into account is reduced accordingly and crane operation in an extended limit load range is possible.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
- Jib Cranes (AREA)
- Control And Safety Of Cranes (AREA)
Description
- Fig. 1
- ein Diagramm mit einer üblichen und einer erweiterten Grenzlastkurve für einen Turmdrehkran,
- Fig. 2
- ein der Fig. 1 entsprechendes Diagramm, bei dem der erweiterte Grenzlastbereich sowohl für den Zwei-Strang-Betrieb als auch für den Vier-Strang-Betrieb durch Konstantlastkurven begrenzt ist, und
- Fig. 3
- ein der Fig. 1 entsprechendes Diagramm, bei dem der erweiterte Grenzlastbetrieb durch mehrere stufenförmige Lastkurvenbegrenzungen gebildet wird, und
- Fig. 4
- ein Diagramm, das einen zusätzlich weiter erweiterten Grenzlastbereich aufgrund eines zusätzlichen verfahrbaren Gegengewichts zeigt.
Claims (9)
- Kran, vorzugsweise Turmdrehkran, mit einer die maximale Traglast überwachenden Überwachungseinrichtung, die den Kran außer Betrieb setzt, wenn die Traglast die sich jeweils aus der Grenzlastkurve ergebende Grenzlast erreicht oder überschreitet,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß in mindestens einen Speicherbaustein eine erweiterte Grenzlastkurve eingebbar ist und die Überwachungseinrichtung den Kran erst außer Betrieb setzt, wenn die Traglast die erweiterte Grenzlastkurve erreicht oder überschreitet, und daß eine Steuereinrichtung vorgesehen ist, die in dem Bereich zwischen der Grenzlastkurve und der erweiterten Grenzlastkurve nur einen eingeschränkten Kranbetrieb zuläßt, bei dem eine Lastenbewegung nur noch mit vorgegebener verringerter Geschwindigkeit bzw. verringerter BeschleunigungNerzögerung möglich ist. - Kran nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß ein Schalter vorgesehen ist, durch dessen Betätigung der Kranbetrieb auf die erweiterte Grenzlastkurve umschaltbar ist.
- Kran nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß durch die Möglichkeiten zum Umschalten auf eine erweiterte Traglastkurve, insbesondere durch eine konstante Traglastkurve im vorderen Auslegerbereich, die Tragreserven der Kranstahlkonstruktion, zusätzlich zu den Gewinnen aus einem verringerten Hublastbeiwert, besser ausgenutzt werden können.
- Kran nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß eine oder mehrere stufenförmig ausgebildete Lastkurvenbegrenzungen im erhöhten Traglastbereich durch Konstantlastschalter für unterschiedliche Traglasten und eine Meßeinrichtung für die Position der Laufkatze hergestellt werden können.
- Kran nach den Ansprüchen 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß für den Zwei-Strang- und den Vier-Strang-Betrieb besondere erweiterte Grenzlastbereiche definiert sind.
- Kran nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die erweiterten Grenzlastbereiche für den Zwei-Strang-Betrieb und den Vier-Strang-Betrieb durch Konstantlastkurven begrenzt sind.
- Kran nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die den erweiterten Grenzlastbetrieb für den Zwei-Strang-Betrieb begrenzende Konstantlast der höchst möglichen Hublast an der Auslegerspitze für eine vorbestimmte, verringerte Geschwindigkeit zur Lasthub- bzw. Senkbewegung entspricht.
- Kran nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die den erweiterten Grenzlastbetrieb für den Vier-Strang-Betrieb begrenzende Konstantlast ungefähr der zweifachen Hublast entspricht, welche der Kran im Zwei-Strang-Betrieb an der Auslegerspitze trägt.
- Kran nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß ein auf dem Gegenausleger zusätzlich vom Lastmoment abhängig verfahrbares Gegengewicht vorgesehen ist.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19653579.4A DE19653579B4 (de) | 1996-12-20 | 1996-12-20 | Turmdrehkran |
DE19653579 | 1996-12-20 |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0849213A1 EP0849213A1 (de) | 1998-06-24 |
EP0849213B1 true EP0849213B1 (de) | 2001-01-03 |
EP0849213B2 EP0849213B2 (de) | 2010-06-23 |
Family
ID=7815717
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP97118984A Expired - Lifetime EP0849213B2 (de) | 1996-12-20 | 1997-10-30 | Turmdrehkran |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0849213B2 (de) |
KR (1) | KR19980063702A (de) |
AT (1) | ATE198460T1 (de) |
DE (2) | DE19653579B4 (de) |
ES (1) | ES2155648T5 (de) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN110240066A (zh) * | 2019-06-26 | 2019-09-17 | 北京起重运输机械设计研究院有限公司 | 一种起重机械在线监控系统 |
Families Citing this family (15)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE19857298C2 (de) * | 1998-12-14 | 2001-03-08 | Klaas Theodor Gmbh & Co | Dachdeckerkran mit Kippsensor |
US6269635B1 (en) | 1999-01-20 | 2001-08-07 | Manitowoc Crane Group, Inc. | Control and hydraulic system for a liftcrane |
DE10023418A1 (de) | 2000-05-12 | 2001-11-15 | Liebherr Werk Nenzing | Verfahren zur Überlastsicherung eines mobilen Kranes |
DE10115312A1 (de) * | 2001-03-28 | 2002-10-02 | Man Wolffkran | Verfahren zur Steuerung von Kranbewegungen sowie Kran |
DE102005035729A1 (de) * | 2005-07-29 | 2007-02-01 | Liebherr-Werk Ehingen Gmbh | Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Krans |
DE102006043492A1 (de) * | 2006-09-12 | 2008-03-27 | Stahl Cranesystems Gmbh | Hebezeug mit erweitertem Lastbereich |
DE102011102025A1 (de) * | 2011-05-19 | 2012-11-22 | Liebherr-Werk Nenzing Gmbh | Kransteuerung |
DE102013005936A1 (de) | 2013-04-05 | 2014-10-09 | Liebherr-Werk Biberach Gmbh | Kran |
DE202013003375U1 (de) | 2013-04-11 | 2013-05-22 | Hermann Paus Maschinenfabrik Gmbh | Mobiler Anhängerkran |
DE202013003376U1 (de) | 2013-04-11 | 2013-05-22 | Hermann Paus Maschinenfabrik Gmbh | Mobiler Anhängerkran |
FR3037681B1 (fr) * | 2015-06-18 | 2017-11-24 | Manitowoc Crane Group France | Procede de definition d’une courbe de charges optimisee pour grue, procede et dispositif de controle pour controler la charge suspendue a une grue a partir de la courbe de charges optimisee |
FR3071240B1 (fr) | 2017-09-21 | 2019-09-06 | Manitowoc Crane Group France | Optimisation dynamique d’une courbe de charge de grue |
CN108383008A (zh) * | 2018-03-07 | 2018-08-10 | 徐州建机工程机械有限公司 | 塔机超起控制方法及系统 |
KR101994770B1 (ko) | 2018-04-03 | 2019-07-01 | 최덕진 | 수중펌프용 플로트 스위치 조립체 |
DE102022113867A1 (de) | 2022-06-01 | 2023-12-07 | Liebherr-Werk Nenzing Gmbh | System zum Überprüfen einer Funktionsfähigkeit einer Komponente einer mobilen Arbeitsmaschine |
Family Cites Families (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2041657A5 (de) † | 1969-05-29 | 1971-01-29 | Richier Sa | |
DE2033469B2 (de) * | 1970-07-07 | 1979-01-18 | Carl Metz Gmbh, 7500 Karlsruhe | Kippmomentabhängige Leitersteuerung |
GB1403046A (en) † | 1972-09-08 | 1975-08-13 | Weimar Kombinat Veb | Load factor safety mechanism |
DE3103728A1 (de) * | 1981-02-04 | 1982-09-02 | Fried. Krupp Gmbh, 4300 Essen | "einrichtung zur verbesserung des betriebsverhaltens mobiler drehkrane" |
FI862627A0 (fi) * | 1986-06-19 | 1986-06-19 | Fiskars Ab Oy | System foer reglerande av en krans hastighet. |
DE3835522A1 (de) * | 1988-10-19 | 1990-05-03 | Man Ghh Krantechnik | Kransteuerung |
KR940009268B1 (ko) * | 1988-12-27 | 1994-10-06 | 가부시끼가이샤 가또 세이사꾸쇼 | 크레인 안전 장치 |
DE4223695C2 (de) * | 1992-07-21 | 1994-12-08 | Weber Anlagenbau Gmbh & Co Kg | Steuerung für das Verschwenken eines in seiner effektiven Länge veränderlichen Auslegers |
DE4417608A1 (de) * | 1994-02-09 | 1995-08-10 | Liebherr Werk Biberach Gmbh | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Lastmomentbegrenzung eines Turmdrehkrans |
-
1996
- 1996-12-20 DE DE19653579.4A patent/DE19653579B4/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1997
- 1997-10-30 EP EP97118984A patent/EP0849213B2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-10-30 AT AT97118984T patent/ATE198460T1/de active
- 1997-10-30 DE DE59702853T patent/DE59702853D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-10-30 ES ES97118984T patent/ES2155648T5/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-12-02 KR KR1019970065318A patent/KR19980063702A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN110240066A (zh) * | 2019-06-26 | 2019-09-17 | 北京起重运输机械设计研究院有限公司 | 一种起重机械在线监控系统 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
ATE198460T1 (de) | 2001-01-15 |
DE19653579A1 (de) | 1998-06-25 |
EP0849213B2 (de) | 2010-06-23 |
EP0849213A1 (de) | 1998-06-24 |
ES2155648T5 (es) | 2010-11-29 |
DE19653579B4 (de) | 2017-03-09 |
KR19980063702A (ko) | 1998-10-07 |
ES2155648T3 (es) | 2001-05-16 |
DE59702853D1 (de) | 2001-02-08 |
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