EP0732413B1 - Procédé de fabrication d'une tôle d'acier électrique à grains orientés notamment pour transformateurs - Google Patents
Procédé de fabrication d'une tôle d'acier électrique à grains orientés notamment pour transformateurs Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0732413B1 EP0732413B1 EP96400486A EP96400486A EP0732413B1 EP 0732413 B1 EP0732413 B1 EP 0732413B1 EP 96400486 A EP96400486 A EP 96400486A EP 96400486 A EP96400486 A EP 96400486A EP 0732413 B1 EP0732413 B1 EP 0732413B1
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- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- nitrogen
- less
- steel
- sheet
- process according
- Prior art date
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 29
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 10
- 229910001224 Grain-oriented electrical steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title description 4
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 72
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 72
- 238000001953 recrystallisation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 138
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium oxide Chemical compound [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 82
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 74
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 70
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 claims description 61
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 claims description 54
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 51
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 45
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 41
- 238000005097 cold rolling Methods 0.000 claims description 39
- 238000005098 hot rolling Methods 0.000 claims description 34
- 238000003303 reheating Methods 0.000 claims description 33
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 27
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 26
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 22
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 12
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000005261 decarburization Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium sulfate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- IIACRCGMVDHOTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfamic acid Chemical compound NS(O)(=O)=O IIACRCGMVDHOTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000009749 continuous casting Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- FAPDDOBMIUGHIN-UHFFFAOYSA-K antimony trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Sb](Cl)Cl FAPDDOBMIUGHIN-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000001639 boron compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium sulfate Chemical compound N.N.OS(O)(=O)=O BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052921 ammonium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000011130 ammonium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052943 magnesium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000019341 magnesium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- AKHNMLFCWUSKQB-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium thiosulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=S AKHNMLFCWUSKQB-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000019345 sodium thiosulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- XYXNTHIYBIDHGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium thiosulfate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=S XYXNTHIYBIDHGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000007079 manganese sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011702 manganese sulphate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- SQQMAOCOWKFBNP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(II) sulfate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O SQQMAOCOWKFBNP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000001463 antimony compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000005864 Sulphur Substances 0.000 claims 10
- 239000004133 Sodium thiosulphate Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000001166 ammonium sulphate Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910000976 Electrical steel Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 58
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 54
- OMZSGWSJDCOLKM-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper(II) sulfide Chemical compound [S-2].[Cu+2] OMZSGWSJDCOLKM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 26
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 12
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 12
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 9
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000005764 inhibitory process Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 6
- 229910017464 nitrogen compound Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 150000002830 nitrogen compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 5
- WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony atom Chemical compound [Sb] WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 5
- CADICXFYUNYKGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfanylidenemanganese Chemical compound [Mn]=S CADICXFYUNYKGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000011362 coarse particle Substances 0.000 description 4
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 3
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 3
- PMHQVHHXPFUNSP-UHFFFAOYSA-M copper(1+);methylsulfanylmethane;bromide Chemical compound Br[Cu].CSC PMHQVHHXPFUNSP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Mg+2] VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 239000000347 magnesium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000012254 magnesium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000003464 sulfur compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- DHCDFWKWKRSZHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfurothioic S-acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=S DHCDFWKWKRSZHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 3
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 108091006146 Channels Proteins 0.000 description 2
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052581 Si3N4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- FAWGZAFXDJGWBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony(3+) Chemical compound [Sb+3] FAWGZAFXDJGWBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000005415 magnetization Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229940099596 manganese sulfate Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 238000005121 nitriding Methods 0.000 description 2
- -1 nitrogen-containing magnesia compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon nitride Chemical compound N12[Si]34N5[Si]62N3[Si]51N64 HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 102100022096 Acid-sensing ion channel 5 Human genes 0.000 description 1
- BSYNRYMUTXBXSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Aspirin Chemical compound CC(=O)OC1=CC=CC=C1C(O)=O BSYNRYMUTXBXSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000975 Carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000616 Ferromanganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 101000901085 Homo sapiens Acid-sensing ion channel 5 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910010413 TiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- ILRRQNADMUWWFW-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium phosphate Chemical compound O1[Al]2OP1(=O)O2 ILRRQNADMUWWFW-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052810 boron oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000013877 carbamide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- KRVSOGSZCMJSLX-UHFFFAOYSA-L chromic acid Substances O[Cr](O)(=O)=O KRVSOGSZCMJSLX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- AWJWCTOOIBYHON-UHFFFAOYSA-N furo[3,4-b]pyrazine-5,7-dione Chemical compound C1=CN=C2C(=O)OC(=O)C2=N1 AWJWCTOOIBYHON-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DALUDRGQOYMVLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron manganese Chemical compound [Mn].[Fe] DALUDRGQOYMVLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000670 limiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010310 metallurgical process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000386 microscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008267 milk Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000004080 milk Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 235000013336 milk Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000036961 partial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005554 pickling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001376 precipitating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012552 review Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/12—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties
- C21D8/1205—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties involving a particular fabrication or treatment of ingot or slab
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
- C21D6/008—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Si
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/12—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties
- C21D8/1216—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties the working step(s) being of interest
- C21D8/1222—Hot rolling
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/12—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties
- C21D8/1216—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties the working step(s) being of interest
- C21D8/1233—Cold rolling
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/12—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties
- C21D8/1244—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties the heat treatment(s) being of interest
- C21D8/1255—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties the heat treatment(s) being of interest with diffusion of elements, e.g. decarburising, nitriding
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/12—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties
- C21D8/1244—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties the heat treatment(s) being of interest
- C21D8/1272—Final recrystallisation annealing
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/12—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties
- C21D8/1216—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties the working step(s) being of interest
- C21D8/1227—Warm rolling
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/12—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties
- C21D8/1244—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties the heat treatment(s) being of interest
- C21D8/1266—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties the heat treatment(s) being of interest between cold rolling steps
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/12—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties
- C21D8/1277—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties involving a particular surface treatment
- C21D8/1283—Application of a separating or insulating coating
Definitions
- the texture of a grain oriented electrical steel sheet is a so-called Goss texture symbolized by MILLER indices, ⁇ 110 ⁇ ⁇ 001>, that the axis ⁇ 001>, which is an axis of easy magnetization, is substantially parallel to the rolling direction and the plane ⁇ 110 ⁇ is a plane substantially parallel to the surface of the sheet.
- This texture gives grain oriented electrical steel sheet with good properties magnetic in the rolling direction which is substantially the direction of easy magnetization.
- B800 induction measurements acquired under a magnetic field of 800 A / m and energy losses W (1.7 / 50) of the sheet steel for a working induction of 1.7 Tesla (T) at a frequency of 50 Hertz are used in practice to assess the magnetic quality samples taken parallel to the direction of rolling of the sheet.
- the steel of conventional sheets contains, before hot rolling, manganese, sulfur and copper.
- High permeability sheet steel contains, before hot rolling, aluminum, manganese, copper, sulfur and nitrogen.
- a method of producing a sheet of grain steel is known. oriented, having substantially the texture ⁇ 110 ⁇ ⁇ 001>, with high permeability in which the steel contains aluminum, manganese, copper, sulfur and nitrogen.
- Aluminum combines with nitrogen to form aluminum nitride AIN, and manganese and copper combine with the sulfur to form manganese sulfide MnS and copper sulfide CuS.
- the precipitates of aluminum nitride, manganese sulfide and copper sulfide inhibit normal growth of primary grains during static texturing annealing while allowing development of secondary recrystallization grains having the texture of Goss desired.
- the heating of the steel slab before hot rolling is operated at a temperature above 1300 ° C, around 1350 to 1400 ° C to completely re-dissolve the AIN, MnS and CuS precipitates alone or in combination.
- Their size in the state rough casting generally greater than 1 micrometer, is too coarse to allow the development of secondary recrystallization.
- the compounds AIN, MnS and CuS reprecipitate alone or in combination in the state fine particles, with an average size of less than 150 nanometers (nm) at hot rolling and annealing before cold rolling one operation.
- nitriding is used which has as its object the formation of fine precipitates of silicon nitride and aluminum (Si, Al) N before the start of secondary recrystallization.
- Nitriding is carried out either by an additional heat treatment in a gaseous atmosphere containing ammonia NH 3 , or by addition of a compound containing nitrogen, such as manganese nitrides MnN, ferro-manganese FeMnN, chromium CrN, with an annealing separator mainly consisting of MgO magnesia.
- the slabs generally contain aluminum, and optionally titanium Ti, chromium Cr, boron B, elements known for their ability to form nitrides TiN, CrN, BN. Since this process aims at precipitating fine particles (Si, Al) N at the stage of secondary recrystallization annealing, the previous presence of fine precipitates MnS and AIN is not necessary. Consequently, the re-solution of the coarse particles MnS and AIN is incomplete during the reheating of the slabs, preceding the hot rolling. In addition, an incomplete re-solution of the aluminum is essential for the precipitation of the silicon nitride.
- Figure 1 is a curve showing the loss of mass as a function the slab reheating temperature and illustrating the formation of fusible oxides above 1300 ° C.
- Figure 2 shows, after hot rolling, the existing relationship between the average diameter of the precipitates and the sulfur percentage of steel.
- Figure 3 presents after decarburization, the precipitate densities depending on the stop temperature of the recrystallization annealing secondary.
- the present invention relates to the use of a steel of composition following determined weight: carbon of between 0.02 and 0.09%, silicon between 2.5 and 4%, copper between 0.06 and 0.50% and a selection, manganese between 0.027 and 0.17%, sulfur between 0.007 and 0.020%, aluminum between 0.010 and 0.030%, nitrogen between 0.004 and 0.012%, the rest being iron and impurities, composition submitted, after preparation by casting continues from the slab or strip to a full reheating to a temperature equal to or less than 1300 ° C.
- the manganese, sulfur, aluminum and nitrogen are chosen in very narrow ranges, which allows the almost total solution and sufficient quantity of AIN, MnS and CuS precipitates taken alone or in combination, during reheating of the slabs, before hot rolling, to an equal temperature or lower than 1300 ° C which prevents the surface formation of oxides fuses.
- the precipitates containing sulfur and or most of the nitrogen is put back into solution when the slabs as a result of the adaptation of the chemical composition to the lower reheating temperature.
- the main inhibitor is nitride of aluminum which precipitates little during hot rolling and essentially during the annealing of the hot-rolled sheet in the form fine particles with an average diameter of less than 100 nanometers.
- the manganese sulfide is a complementary inhibitor. Copper has in particular a refining effect of the size of these AIN and MnS precipitates with which it can be associated. CuS precipitates that trap part of the sulfur of the steel at the hot rolling stage contributes to the reduction of the mean diameter of the precipitates as shown in Figure 2.
- the oriented grain steel according to the invention having undergone the stages of manufacturing described above, contains from 0.02 to 0.09% carbon, 2.5 to 4% silicon, 0.027 to 0.17% manganese, 0.007 to 0.020% sulfur, 0.010 to 0.030% aluminum, 0.004 to 0.012 % nitrogen, 0.06% to 0.50% copper, and optionally up to 0.15% tin, the rest being iron and impurities.
- the product resulting from the multiplication of the sulfur content by the manganese content is less than or equal to 160.10 -5 : (% S) x (% Mn) ⁇ 160.10 -5
- the product resulting from the multiplication of the nitrogen content by the aluminum content is less than 240.10 -6 : (% N) x (% Al) ⁇ 240.10 -6
- the percentage of nitrogen precipitated after hot rolling, in the form of fine particles with an average diameter of less than 100 nanometers, is less than 40%.
- the percentage of nitrogen precipitated, after hot rolling and annealing, in the form of fine particles with an average diameter of less than 100 nanometers, is greater than 60%.
- the magnesia used as a separator during the annealing of secondary recrystallization and of purification at high temperature may contain, alone or as a mixture, sulfur or one or more sulfur or nitrogen compounds chosen from magnesium sulfate and / or manganese sulfate and / or sodium thiosulfate, and / or urea, one or more sulfur and nitrogen compounds chosen from, amidosulfuric acid, (sulphamic acid) and / or ammonium sulfate and / or ammonium thiosulfate, antimony chloride, boron or a compound of boron and titanium dioxide.
- Figure 2 shows, after hot rolling, the relationship between the average diameter of the precipitates and the percentage of sulfur in the steel, in the case of an almost total solution of all the precipitates when reheating the slab.
- the sulfur content according to the present invention is limited to 0.020%.
- the fine precipitates MnS playing an active role of secondary inhibitor during secondary recrystallization annealing the sulfur content must be at less than 0.007% to obtain a sufficient amount of these rushed.
- the manganese content according to the present invention must be higher at 0.027% to obtain precipitation of a sufficient amount of ends MnS precipitates exerting an inhibitory effect and having an availability in free manganese in the case of sulfur supply via the additive channel to the magnesia for strengthening the inhibitory power of MnS precipitates. It is limited to 0.17% to avoid the presence of precipitation coarse MnS in slabs and incomplete solution during reheating between 1200 and 1300 ° C before hot rolling.
- compliance with the condition [% S] x [% Mn] ⁇ 160.10 -5 promotes the presence of fine MnS precipitates in the slabs and their redissolution between 1200 ° C and 1300 ° C before hot rolling .
- the nitrogen content must be greater than 0.004% in order to obtain sufficient precipitation of fine precipitates AIN, main inhibitor, during the annealing of the hot-rolled sheet.
- the nitrogen content is limited to 0.012% to avoid the formation of blistering on the surface of the steel.
- the condition (% N) x (% Al) ⁇ 240.10 -6 allows almost complete dissolution of the AIN precipitates when reheating the slabs between 1200 ° C and 1300 ° C before hot rolling.
- the aluminum content must be equal to or greater than 0.010% on the one hand, so that the amount of AIN precipitates formed during the annealing of the hot-rolled sheet is sufficient, AIN being the main inhibitor and on the other hand, to have an availability in free aluminum, in the case of nitrogen supply via the additive channel to the magnesia for strengthening the inhibitory power of AIN precipitates.
- Aluminum content is less than 0.030% to avoid precipitation coarse AIN particles during the final stage of hot rolling.
- steel can contain up to 0.15% tin which exerts a beneficial effect on inhibition.
- the density of inhibitory precipitates containing either sulfur and manganese or nitrogen and aluminum may be insufficient to obtain recrystallization complete secondary and homogeneous magnetic quality.
- it is, of preferably, added to magnesia one or more compounds containing sulfur and or nitrogen or antimony which allow the formation of a complement of inhibitors, either based on sulfur and manganese, or based nitrogen and aluminum, either antimony-based during the rise temperature preceding the start of secondary recrystallization.
- the present invention is illustrated from the observations and following examples, table 1 giving the chemical composition of tested steels.
- Steels 2 to 5 and 7 are steels according to the present invention.
- Steels 1, 6, 8 and 9 are reference steels.
- Content phosphorus, residual element, according to the present invention, is less than 0.015%.
- Steel No. 1 is a reference steel containing 0.021% sulfur and 0.030% aluminum (Steel No. 1, Table 1), a slab of which has been reheated to 1400 ° C before hot rolling, so as to dissolve the majority of AIN, MnS, CuS precipitates of coarse size.
- the cold rolling was carried out according to the invention, in a single operation after annealing of the hot rolled sheet at 1120 ° C.
- the annealing separator consisted of magnesia containing 0.080% boron and 1.2% of the titanium element in the form of titanium dioxide TiO 2 .
- magnesium sulfate, manganese, sodium thiosulfate helps strengthen inhibition by precipitates containing manganese and sulfur at during secondary recrystallization annealing.
- magnesia of a nitrogenous compound allows to introduce nitrogen into the steel which reinforces the inhibition by the precipitates containing nitrogen and aluminum.
- magnesia of a sulfur and nitrogen compound (ammonium thiosulfate, amidosulfuric acid which contains both 33% sulfur and 14% nitrogen) allows sulfur to be introduced into the steel and nitrogen to reinforce the inhibition by the precipitates containing, on the one hand, manganese and sulfur and, on the other hand, nitrogen and aluminum.
- the beneficial effect of nitrogen associated with sulfur is illustrated by the fact that the percentage of sulfur used in example 5 is lower than that used in example 4.
- ammonium sulfate to magnesia also allows a simultaneous supply of sulfur and nitrogen.
- antimony chloride to magnesia allows the introduction into the steel of the antimony element, which by segregating at the grain boundaries, acts as an inhibitor.
- a water-soluble sulfur compound is preferred to the possible addition of insoluble elemental sulfur since the dispersion in milk of magnesia is more homogeneous.
- the addition, to magnesia, of compounds containing sulfur, nitrogen and antimony promotes the obtaining of a homogeneous magnetic quality over the length of the strip of coiled sheet.
- Table 2 shows that according to the invention, the percentage of nitrogen precipitated in the hot rolled sheet is less than 40%.
- Lowering winding temperature significantly reduces the percentage of precipitated nitrogen, up to less than 5% in the case of steel n ° 3 reheated to 1280 ° C, hot rolled and coiled to 530 ° C. At this winding temperature, the percentage of precipitated nitrogen remains very low when the slab reheating temperature drops from 1280 ° C to 1240 ° C, usual temperature for reheating carbon steels.
- the amount of nitrogen combined with aluminum was determined from dosing of precipitated aluminum.
- Table 3 shows that according to the invention, the percentage of nitrogen precipitate is greater than 60% after annealing the hot-rolled sheet to 950 ° C.
- Table 4 shows that, according to the invention, the average diameter precipitates containing nitrogen and aluminum, obtained by annealing 160 seconds from hot rolled sheet steel n ° 2, wound at 530 ° C, is less than 50 nanometers in a wide temperature range of annealed.
- Nitrogen and aluminum precipitates can therefore play an active role as an inhibitor.
- Table 5 gives the average diameter and density of the precipitates after heating the steel slab n ° 2 to 0.15% copper to 1280 ° C, hot rolling 2.3 mm thick and coiling at 640 ° C.
- Figure 3 shows the evolution of the density of the CuS precipitates and MnCuS after decarburization and during recrystallization annealing secondary of steel n ° 6 which does not contain aluminum, composition chosen to facilitate counting of precipitates by microscopy electronic transmission.
- This steel whose slabs were reheated to 1400 ° C, underwent two cold rolling operations with intermediate annealing at 950 ° C, the reduction rate of the second rolling at cold being 60%.
- the fine CuS precipitates dissolve gradually before secondary recrystallization which occurs around 950 ° C, the release of sulfur accompanied by a fine precipitation of MnS particles.
- the particles identified under the electron microscope are MnCuS because copper precipitates on the MnS particles during cooling. According to this invention, fine CuS particles do not play a decisive inhibitory role for the development of secondary recrystallization.
- the percentage of CuS precipitates in diameter mean less than 100 nm is less than 3% of the total population, after annealing of hot rolled sheet.
- MnS precipitates formed after decarburization and before secondary recrystallization which reinforce inhibition by precipitates containing nitrogen and aluminum.
- the copper content must be greater than 0.06% to obtain fine precipitation at the hot rolled stages and hot rolled and annealed.
- the increase in the copper content favors refinement of precipitation.
- the copper content is limited to 0.50% to avoid the problems of pickling the sheet obtained.
- the level of losses decreases and that the level of B800 increases as a function of the reduction in the mass oxygen content of the surface oxide film formed during the decarburization operation.
- the lowering of the oxygen content of the surface oxide film mainly consisting of silica and containing less than 20% of iron oxide, below 800.10 -4 % (approximately 1.8 g of oxygen per m 2 ) allows an improvement in magnetic properties, all the more marked as this reduction is high.
- the method of the present invention described for slabs of continuous casting with thickness between 150 and 300 mm can be applied to thinner slabs, thickness between 15 and 100 mm approx.
- the method of the present invention can also be applied to thin strips obtained by casting liquid steel between two rollers, thicker than 2 mm, the strips being heated between 1200 ° C and 1300 ° C, before undergoing hot rolling.
- the number of passes of preliminary hot rolling and finishing hot rolling is a function of the thickness of the product cast in continuous and the thickness referred to in the hot rolled state. If the thickness of the continuously cast product is sufficiently low, hot rolling preliminary can be deleted.
- the total duration of the heating cycle for the continuously cast product is a function of its thickness. The smaller this thickness, the faster the reheating temperature is reached at heart.
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Description
- une coulée d'un acier en continu sous forme de brame ou de bande d'acier contenant notamment dans sa composition moins de 0,1 % de carbone, de 2,5 à 4 % de silicium et au moins les éléments aluminium, azote, manganèse, soufre, cuivre, destinés à former des composés inhibiteurs de croissance normale,
- un réchauffage de la brame ou de la bande,
- un laminage à chaud de la brame ou de la bande pour l'obtention d'une tôle d'épaisseur comprise entre 1 et 5 mm,
- un bobinage à chaud de la tôle laminée à chaud,
- un recuit de la tôle laminée à chaud,
- un laminage à froid à une épaisseur finale inférieure à 0,5 mm,
- un recuit de recristallisation primaire et de décarburation en atmosphère humide,
- une application, sur au moins une face de la tôle décarburée, de magnésie MgO,
- un recuit final de recristallisation secondaire et d'épuration,
- une application d'un revêtement isolant et un recuit final de cuisson du revêtement,
- Les tôles dites classiques sont caractérisées par une induction B800 inférieure à 1,86 Tesla ; elles sont obtenues par un procédé qui comprend notamment deux opérations de laminage à froid séparées par un recuit intermédiaire, le taux de réduction du second laminage étant généralement inférieur à 70 %.
- Les tôles dites à haute perméabilité sont caractérisées par une induction B800 supérieure à 1,88 Tesla ; elles sont obtenues par un procédé qui comprend notamment une seule opération de laminage à froid ou deux opérations de laminage à froid avec recuit intermédiaire, le taux de réduction du laminage à froid en une opération ou du deuxième laminage à froid étant généralement supérieur à 80 %.
- Un réchauffage des brames à une température qui est inférieure à la température de solubilité du sulfure de manganèse et qui est supérieure à la température de solubilité du sulfure de cuivre.
- Par suite de la précipitation, au cours du laminage à chaud, de plus de 60 % de l'azote sous forme de particules grossières AIN, les précipités de nitrure d'aluminium ne jouent pas non plus le rôle d'inhibiteur.
- une coulée d'un acier en continu sous forme de brame ou de bande d'acier contenant notamment dans sa composition pondérale moins de 0,1 % de carbone, de 2,5 à 4 % de silicium et au moins les éléments aluminium, azote, manganèse, soufre, cuivre, destinés à former des précipités inhibiteurs de croissance normale, procédé dans lequel l'acier de composition pondérale suivante:
- de 0,02 à 0,09 % de carbone,
- de 2,5 à 4 % de silicium
- de 0,027 à 0,17 % de manganèse
- de 0,007 à 0,020 % de soufre
- de 0,010 à 0,030 % d'aluminium
- de 0,004 à 0,012 % d'azote
- de 0,06 à 0,50 % de cuivre
le reste étant le fer et les impuretés parmi lesquelles moins de 0,015% de phosphore, est soumis successivement après l'élaboration de la brame ou de la bande par coulée continue à,
- un réchauffage à une température supérieure à 1200°C et inférieure ou égale à 1300°C, afin que les précipités AIN, MnS, et CuS pris seul ou en combinaison puissent être remis en solution en quantité suffisante,
- un laminage à chaud de la brame ou de la bande pour l'obtention d'une tôle d'épaisseur comprise entre 1 et 5 mm pendant lequel les précipités CuS piègent une partie du soufre de l'acier,
- un bobinage à chaud de la tôle laminée à chaud entre 500°C et 700°C,
- un recuit de la tôle laminée à chaud,
- un laminage à froid à une épaisseur finale inférieure à 0,5 mm,
- un recuit de recristallisation primaire et de décarburation en atmosphère humide,
- une application, sur au moins une face de la tôle décarburée, d'un séparateur à base de magnésie MgO,
- un recuit final de recristallisation secondaire et d'épuration, avant lequel, lors de la montée à température de ce recuit final de recristallisation secondaire, les fins précipités CuS se dissolvent progressivement, la libération du soufre s'accompagnant d'une fine précipitation de particules MnS,
- une application d'un revêtement isolant et le recuit final de cuisson du revêtement.
- on décarbure la bande de façon à ce que la teneur en oxygène du film d'oxyde formé soit inférieure à 800 10-4 %,
- le produit résultant de la multiplication de la teneur en soufre par la teneur en manganèse est inférieur à 160.10-5,
- le produit résultant de la multiplication de la teneur en azote par la teneur en aluminium est inférieur à 240.10-6,
- l'acier est laminé à chaud de façon à faire précipiter l'azote sous forme de fines particules contenant notamment de l'azote et de l'aluminium de diamètre moyen inférieur à 100 nanomètres, le pourcentage d'azote précipité étant inférieur à 40 %,
- l'acier laminé à chaud est recuit de façon à faire précipiter l'azote sous forme de fines particules contenant notamment de l'azote et de l'aluminium de diamètre moyen inférieur à 100 nanomètres, le pourcentage d'azote précipité étant supérieur à 60 %,
- l'acier est laminé à chaud de façon à faire précipiter le soufre sous forme de particules dont le diamètre moyen est inférieur à 100 nanomètres,
- après recuit de la tôle laminée à chaud à une température comprise entre 850°C et 1150°C pendant 1 à 10 minutes et refroidissement, à une vitesse supérieure à 10°C par seconde à partir de 800°C, le laminage à froid à une épaisseur finale inférieure à 0,5 mm est effectué, en une seule opération comprenant plusieurs passes de laminage, avec un taux de réduction global supérieur à 70 %, la température de la tôle étant comprise entre 100°C et 300°C pendant au moins une passe de laminage,
- le laminage à froid, à une épaisseur finale inférieure à 0,5 mm, est effectué en deux opérations avec un recuit intermédiaire, à une température comprise entre 850°C et 1150°C pendant 1 à 10 minutes, suivi d'un refroidissement, à une vitesse supérieure à 10°C par seconde à partir de 800°C, le taux de réduction du second laminage à froid étant supérieur à 40 %, la température de la tôle étant comprise entre 100°C et 300°C pendant au moins une passe de laminage à froid lorsque le taux de réduction du second laminage à froid est supérieur à 70 %,
- préalablement au laminage à froid en deux opérations, la tôle est soumise à un recuit à une température comprise entre 850°C et 1150°C pendant 1 à 10 minutes, notamment si l'épaisseur finale de la tôle est inférieure à 0,27 mm,
- la magnésie contient, en plus des additions facultatives de dioxyde de titane, de bore ou d'un composé boré, au moins un composé soufré et/ou un composé soufré et azoté et/ou un composé de l'antimoine pris seuls ou en combinaison.
- la magnésie contient, en plus des additions facultatives de dioxyde de titane, de bore ou d'un composé contenant du bore, du soufre ou un ou plusieurs composés soufrés ou azotés choisis parmi le sulfate de magnésium, le sulfate de manganèse, l'urée, le thiosulfate de sodium.
- la magnésie contient, en plus des additions facultatives de dioxyde de titane, de bore ou d'un composé boré, au moins un composé soufré et azoté choisi parmi le sulfate d'ammonium, l'acide amidosulfurique (sulphamic acid), le thiosulfate d'ammonium.
- la magnésie contient, en plus des additions facultatives de dioxyde de titane, de bore ou d'un composé boré, du chlorure d'antimoine,
- coulée continue de l'acier sous forme de brames d'épaisseur comprise entre 150 et 300 mm,
- réchauffage des brames à coeur à une température comprise entre 1200 °C et 1300°C,
- laminage à chaud à une épaisseur comprise entre 1 et 5 mm,
- bobinage entre 500°C et 700°C de la tôle laminée à chaud,
- recuit de la tôle laminée à chaud à une température comprise entre 850°C et 1150°C pendant 1à 10 minutes suivi d'un refroidissement, à une vitesse supérieure à 10°C par seconde à partir de 800°C,
- laminage à froid à une épaisseur finale inférieure à 0,5 mm en une opération comprenant plusieurs passes avec un taux de réduction global supérieur à 70 %, la température de la tôle étant comprise entre 100°C et 300°C pendant au moins une passe de laminage à froid,
- ou laminage à froid à une épaisseur finale inférieure à 0,5 mm en deux opérations avec un recuit intermédiaire, effectué à une température comprise entre 850°C et 1150°C pendant 1 à 10 minutes suivi d'un refroidissement, à une vitesse supérieure à 10°C par seconde à partir de 800°C, le taux de réduction du second laminage à froid étant supérieur à 40 %, la température de la tôle étant comprise entre 100°C et 300°C pendant au moins une passe lorsque le taux de réduction global de ce second laminage à froid est supérieur à 70 %,
- recuit de recristallisation primaire et de décarburation en atmosphère humide contenant de l'hydrogène et de l'azote à l'épaisseur finale,
- application sur au moins une face de la tôle d'un agent anti-collage constitué principalement de magnésie,
- recuit final de recristallisation secondaire et d'épuration du métal,
- application d'un revêtement isolant et recuit final de cuisson du revêtement.
Le pourcentage d'azote précipité, après laminage à chaud et recuit, sous forme de fines particules de diamètre moyen inférieur à 100 nanomètres, est supérieur à 60 %.
La magnésie utilisée comme séparateur lors du recuit de recristallisation secondaire et de purification à haute température peut contenir, seul ou en mélange, du soufre ou un ou plusieurs composés soufrés ou azotés choisis parmi le sulfate de magnésium et/ou le sulfate de manganèse et/ou le thiosulfate de sodium, et/ou l'urée, un ou plusieurs composés soufrés et azotés choisis parmi, l'acide amidosulfurique, (sulphamic acid) et/ou le sulfate d'ammonium et/ou le thiosulfate d'ammonium, le chlorure d'antimoine, du bore ou un composé du bore et du dioxyde de titane.
W(1,7 / 50) = 1,03 Watt/kg ; B800 = 1,91 T
W(1,7 / 50) = 1,65 Watt/kg ; B800 = 1,72 T
- coulée continue de brames d'acier d'épaisseur 210 mm,
- réchauffage de brame à coeur à une température comprise entre 1200°C et 1300°C, avec une montée en température en 3 heures 30 minutes et un maintien à la température visée de 1 heure,
- laminage à chaud préliminaire jusqu'à l'épaisseur de 45 mm en 5 passes,
- laminage à chaud de finition en 7 passes jusqu'à l'épaisseur de 2,3 mm, la température de début du laminage à chaud de finition étant comprise entre 1070°C et 1000°C, la température finale de laminage à chaud étant comprise entre 965°C et 915°C,
- bobinage de la tôle laminée à chaud à la température de 530 °C ou 640°C,
- recuit de la tôle laminée à chaud avec une montée en température d'environ 60 secondes, maintien à 950°C pendant 160 secondes, refroidissement de la tôle laminée à chaud avec un temps de passage entre 700°C et 300°C inférieur à 15 secondes,
- laminage à froid jusqu'à l'épaisseur finale en six passes correspondant à des taux de réduction à froid successifs d'environ 30 %, la température de laminage atteignant la température de 230°C à la troisième passe, (pour les exemples 2 à 9)
- recristallisation et décarburation en atmosphère N2/H2 humide entre 800°C et 850°C, la durée du traitement thermique étant inférieure à 500 secondes,
- enduction de la tôle avec un lait de magnésie et séchage,
- recuit lent de recristallisation secondaire avec une montée en température de 15°C/h sous atmosphère 25 % N2-75 % H2 entre 650°C et 1200°C et épuration du métal à 1200°C sous hydrogène,
- application d'un revêtement isolant et cuisson du revêtement.
- Pertes (1,7 / 50)
- = 1,27 W/kg
- B 800
- = 1,85 T
- Pertes (1,7 / 50)
- = 1,03 W/kg
- B 800
- = 1,93 T
- Pertes (1,7 / 50)
- = 1,02 W/kg
- B 800
- = 1,94 T
- Pertes (1,7 / 50)
- = 1,01 W/kg
- B 800
- = 1,94 T
- Pertes (1,7 / 50)
- = 1,03 W/kg
- B 800
- = 1,92 T
- Pertes (1,7 / 50) =
- 1,06 W/kg
- B 800 =
- 1,91 T
- Pertes (1,7 / 50)
- = 0,98 W/kg
- B 800
- = 1,93 T
- Pertes (1,7 / 50)
- = 1,03 W/kg
- B 800
- = 1,92 T
L'effet bénéfique de l'azote associé au soufre est illustré par le fait que le pourcentage en soufre utilisé dans l'exemple 5 est inférieur à celui utilisé dans l'exemple 4.
L'addition à la magnésie de sulfate d'ammonium permet également un apport simultané de soufre et d'azote. L'addition à la magnésie de chlorure d'antimoine permet l'introduction dans l'acier de l'élément antimoine, qui en ségrégeant aux joints des grains, joue le rôle d'inhibiteur. L'addition d'un composé soufré soluble dans l'eau est préférée à l'addition possible de soufre élémentaire insoluble car la dispersion dans le lait de magnésie est plus homogène. L'addition, à la magnésie, de composés contenant du soufre, de l'azote et de l'antimoine favorise l'obtention d'une qualité magnétique homogène sur la longueur de la bande de tôle bobinée.
Analyse chimique (pourcentage massique) des brames | ||||||||
Repère Acier | Si | C | Mn | S | Al | N | Cu | Sn |
1 | 3,16 | 0,060 | 0,081 | 0,021 | 0,030 | 0,0074 | 0,09 | < 0,015 |
2 | 3,15 | 0,044 | 0,080 | 0,011 | 0,025 | 0,0086 | 0,151 | < 0,015 |
3 | 3,18 | 0,057 | 0,081 | 0,015 | 0,021 | 0,0072 | 0,154 | < 0,015 |
4 | 3,16 | 0,059 | 0,079 | 0,014 | 0,026 | 0,0073 | 0,150 | < 0,015 |
5 | 3,15 | 0,058 | 0,079 | 0,012 | 0,021 | 0,0093 | 0,151 | < 0,015 |
6 | 3,21 | 0,042 | 0,058 | 0,020 | 0,001 | 0,0042 | 0,205 | < 0,015 |
7 | 3,12 | 0,058 | 0,080 | 0,015 | 0,024 | 0,0074 | 0,149 | < 0,015 |
8 | 3,26 | 0,054 | 0,079 | 0,015 | 0,019 | 0,0066 | 0,010 | 0,069 |
9 | 3,12 | 0,056 | 0,078 | 0,011 | 0,019 | 0,0068 | 0,014 | < 0,015 |
Pourcentage d'azote précipité après laminage à chaud | |||
Repère Acier | Température de réchauffage des brames (°C) | Température de bobinage (°C) | % N précipité |
1 | 1400 | 640 | 40 |
2 | 1280 | 530 | 21 |
3 | 1280 | 640 | 24 |
530 | 3 | ||
4 | 1280 | 640 | 37 |
530 | 12 | ||
5 | 1245 | 640 | 34 |
8 | 1240 | 530 | 12 |
1280 | 530 | 7 | |
9 | 1240 | 530 | 9 |
1280 | 530 | 3 |
Pourcentage d'azote précipité après recuit de la tôle laminée à chaud. | |||
Repère Acier | Température de réchauffage des brames (°C) | Température de bobinage (°C) | % N précipité |
2 | 1280 | 530 | 75 |
3 | 1280 | 640 | 74 |
530 | 75 | ||
4 | 1280 | 640 | 77 |
530 | 82 |
Claims (14)
- Procédé de fabrication d'une tôle d'acier électrique à grains orientés pour la réalisation notamment de circuits magnétiques de transformateurs comprenant successivement:une coulée d'un acier en continu sous forme de brame ou de bande d'acier contenant notamment dans sa composition pondérale moins de 0,1 % de carbone, de 2,5 à 4 % de silicium et au moins les éléments aluminium, azote, manganèse, soufre, cuivre, destinés à former des précipités inhibiteurs de croissance normale,
procédé dans lequel l'acier, de composition pondérale suivante:de 0,02 à 0,09 % de carbone,de 2,5 à 4 % de siliciumde 0,027 à 0,17 % de manganèsede 0,007 à 0,020 % de soufrede 0,010 à 0,030 % d'aluminiumde 0,004 à 0,012 % d'azotede 0,06 à 0,50 % de cuivre
le reste étant le fer et les impuretés parmi lesquelles moins de 0,015% de phosphore, est soumis successivement après l'élaboration de la brame ou de la bande par coulée continue à,un réchauffage à une température supérieure à 1200°C et inférieure ou égale à 1300°C, afin que les précipités AIN, MnS, et CuS pris seul ou en combinaison puissent être remis en solution en quantité suffisante,un laminage à chaud de la brame ou de la bande pour l'obtention d'une tôle d'épaisseur comprise entre 1 et 5 mm pendant lequel les précipités CuS piègent une partie du soufre de l'acier,un bobinage à chaud de la tôle laminée à chaud entre 500°C et 700°C,un recuit de la tôle laminée à chaud,un laminage à froid à une épaisseur finale inférieure à 0,5 mm,un recuit de recristallisation primaire et de décarburation en atmosphère humide,une application, sur au moins une face de la tôle décarburée, d'un séparateur à base de magnésie MgO,un recuit final de recristallisation secondaire et d'épuration, avant lequel, lors de la montée à température de ce recuit final de recristallisation secondaire, les fins précipités CuS se dissolvent progressivement, la libération du soufre s'accompagnant d'une fine précipitation de particules MnS.une application d'un revêtement isolant et le recuit final de cuisson du revêtement. - Procédé selon la revendication 1 caractérisé en ce qu'on décarbure la bande de façon à ce que la teneur en oxygène du film d'oxyde formé soit inférieure à 800.10-4 %.
- Procédé selon la revendication 1 caractérisé en ce que le produit résultant de la multiplication de la teneur en soufre par la teneur en manganèse est inférieur à 160.10-5.
- Procédé selon la revendication 1 caractérisé en ce que le produit résultant de la multiplication de la teneur en azote par la teneur en aluminium est inférieur à 240.10-6.
- Procédé selon les revendications 1 à 4 caractérisé en ce que l'acier est laminé à chaud de façon à faire précipiter l'azote sous forme de fines particules contenant notamment de l'azote et de l'aluminium de diamètre moyen inférieur à 100 nanomètres, le pourcentage d'azote précipité étant inférieur à 40 %.
- Procédé selon les revendications 1 à 5 caractérisé en ce que l'acier laminé à chaud est recuit de façon à faire précipiter l'azote sous forme de fines particules contenant notamment de l'azote et de l'aluminium de diamètre moyen inférieur à 100 nanomètres, le pourcentage d'azote précipité étant supérieur à 60 %
- Procédé selon les revendications 1 à 6 caractérisé en ce que l'acier est laminé à chaud de façon à faire précipiter le soufre sous forme de particules dont le diamètre moyen est inférieur à 100 nanomètres.
- Procédé selon les revendications 1 à 7 caractérisé en ce qu'après recuit de la tôle laminée à chaud à une température comprise entre 850°C et 1150°C pendant 1 à 10 minutes et refroidissement, à une vitesse supérieure à 10°C par seconde à partir de 800°C, le laminage à froid à une épaisseur finale inférieure à 0,5 mm est effectué, en une seule opération comprenant plusieurs passes, avec un taux de réduction global supérieur à 70 %, la température de la tôle étant comprise entre 100 et 300°C pendant au moins une passe du laminage à froid.
- Procédé selon les revendications 1 à 7 caractérisé en ce que laminage à froid, à une épaisseur finale inférieure à 0,5 mm, est effectué en deux opérations avec un recuit intermédiaire, à une température comprise entre 850°C et 1150°C pendant 1 à 10 minutes, suivi d'un refroidissement, à une vitesse supérieure à 10°C par seconde à partir de 800°C, le taux de réduction du second laminage à froid étant supérieur à 40 %, la température de la tôle étant comprise entre 100°C et 300°C pendant au moins une passe de laminage à froid lorsque le taux de réduction du second laminage à froid est supérieur à 70 %.
- Procédé selon la revendication 9 caractérisé en ce que préalablement au laminage à froid en deux opérations, la tôle est soumise à un recuit à une température comprise entre 850°C et 1150°C pendant 1 à 10 minutes, notamment si l'épaisseur de la tôle est inférieure à 0,27 mm.
- Procédé selon les revendications 1 à 10 caractérisé en ce que la magnésie contient, en plus des additions facultatives de dioxyde de titane, de bore ou d'un composé boré, au moins un composé soufré ou azoté, un composé soufré et azoté, un composé de l'antimoine, pris seuls ou en combinaison.
- Procédé selon les revendications 1 à 10 caractérisé en ce que la magnésie contient, en plus des additions facultatives de dioxyde de titane, de bore ou d'un composé contenant du bore, du soufre ou un ou plusieurs composés soufrés choisis parmi le sulfate de magnésium, le sulfate de manganèse, le thiosulfate de sodium.
- Procédé selon les revendications 1 à 10 caractérisé en ce que la magnésie contient, en plus des additions facultatives de dioxyde de titane, de bore ou d'un composé boré, au moins un composé soufré et ou azoté choisi parmi le sulfate d'ammonium, le thiosulfate d'ammonium, l'acide amidosulfurique, l'urée.
- Procédé selon les revendications 1 à 10 caractérisé en ce que la magnésie contient, en plus des additions facultatives de dioxyde de titane, de bore et ou d'un composé boré, du chlorure d'antimoine.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR9502916 | 1995-03-14 | ||
FR9502916A FR2731713B1 (fr) | 1995-03-14 | 1995-03-14 | Procede de fabrication d'une tole d'acier electrique a grains orientes pour la realisation notamment de circuits magnetiques de transformateurs |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0732413A1 EP0732413A1 (fr) | 1996-09-18 |
EP0732413B1 true EP0732413B1 (fr) | 2001-09-26 |
Family
ID=9476993
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP96400486A Expired - Lifetime EP0732413B1 (fr) | 1995-03-14 | 1996-03-08 | Procédé de fabrication d'une tôle d'acier électrique à grains orientés notamment pour transformateurs |
Country Status (13)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0732413B1 (fr) |
JP (1) | JPH10500454A (fr) |
KR (1) | KR970702932A (fr) |
CN (1) | CN1148411A (fr) |
AT (1) | ATE206171T1 (fr) |
BR (1) | BR9605937A (fr) |
CZ (1) | CZ284873B6 (fr) |
DE (1) | DE69615429T2 (fr) |
ES (1) | ES2161988T3 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR2731713B1 (fr) |
PL (1) | PL317155A1 (fr) |
PT (1) | PT732413E (fr) |
WO (1) | WO1996028576A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (26)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE19628137C1 (de) * | 1996-07-12 | 1997-04-10 | Thyssen Stahl Ag | Verfahren zur Herstellung von kornorientiertem Elektroblech |
DE19628136C1 (de) * | 1996-07-12 | 1997-04-24 | Thyssen Stahl Ag | Verfahren zur Herstellung von kornorientiertem Elektroblech |
IT1290171B1 (it) * | 1996-12-24 | 1998-10-19 | Acciai Speciali Terni Spa | Procedimento per il trattamento di acciaio al silicio, a grano orientato. |
IT1290977B1 (it) * | 1997-03-14 | 1998-12-14 | Acciai Speciali Terni Spa | Procedimento per il controllo dell'inibizione nella produzione di lamierino magnetico a grano orientato |
IT1290978B1 (it) * | 1997-03-14 | 1998-12-14 | Acciai Speciali Terni Spa | Procedimento per il controllo dell'inibizione nella produzione di lamierino magnetico a grano orientato |
FR2761081B1 (fr) * | 1997-03-21 | 1999-04-30 | Usinor | Procede de fabrication d'une tole d'acier electrique a grains orientes pour la fabrication notamment de circuits magnetiques de transformateurs |
AU2698897A (en) * | 1997-04-16 | 1998-11-11 | Acciai Speciali Terni S.P.A. | New process for the production of grain oriented electrical steel from thin slabs |
WO1998048062A1 (fr) * | 1997-04-24 | 1998-10-29 | Acciai Speciali Terni S.P.A. | Nouveau procede de production d'acier electrique extremement permeable a partir de plaquettes |
DE19816158A1 (de) * | 1998-04-09 | 1999-10-14 | G K Steel Trading Gmbh | Verfahren zur Herstellung von korn-orientierten anisotropen, elektrotechnischen Stahlblechen |
CA2287658C (fr) * | 1998-10-27 | 2009-01-13 | Kawasaki Steel Corporation | Feuille d'acier electromagnetique et procede de production de ce produit |
EP1162280B1 (fr) * | 2000-06-05 | 2013-08-07 | Nippon Steel & Sumitomo Metal Corporation | Procédé de fabrication d'une tôle d'acier électrique à grains orientés presentant d'excellentes caracteristiques magnétiques |
IT1316029B1 (it) * | 2000-12-18 | 2003-03-26 | Acciai Speciali Terni Spa | Processo per la produzione di acciaio magnetico a grano orientato. |
CN100389222C (zh) * | 2005-12-13 | 2008-05-21 | 武汉钢铁(集团)公司 | 提高含铜取向硅钢电磁性能和底层质量的生产方法 |
CN101545072B (zh) * | 2008-03-25 | 2012-07-04 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | 一种高电磁性能取向硅钢的生产方法 |
CN101643881B (zh) * | 2008-08-08 | 2011-05-11 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | 一种含铜取向硅钢的生产方法 |
IT1396714B1 (it) * | 2008-11-18 | 2012-12-14 | Ct Sviluppo Materiali Spa | Procedimento per la produzione di lamierino magnetico a grano orientato a partire da bramma sottile. |
JP5353234B2 (ja) * | 2008-12-26 | 2013-11-27 | Jfeスチール株式会社 | 方向性電磁鋼板の製造方法 |
JP5434438B2 (ja) * | 2009-09-30 | 2014-03-05 | Jfeスチール株式会社 | 一方向性電磁鋼板の製造方法 |
EP2580359B1 (fr) * | 2010-06-10 | 2017-08-09 | Tata Steel IJmuiden BV | Procédé de production d'acier austénitique |
CN102071303B (zh) * | 2011-01-30 | 2012-11-21 | 中冶南方(武汉)威仕工业炉有限公司 | 带钢在硅钢连续退火干燥炉的穿带方法 |
CN103667602B (zh) * | 2013-11-26 | 2015-04-08 | 山西太钢不锈钢股份有限公司 | 一种晶粒取向电工钢rh精炼钢水增氮方法 |
CZ305521B6 (cs) * | 2014-05-12 | 2015-11-11 | Arcelormittal Ostrava A.S. | Pás z orientované transformátorové oceli a způsob jeho výroby |
CN106048411A (zh) * | 2016-06-27 | 2016-10-26 | 马鞍山钢铁股份有限公司 | 一种变压器用冷轧取向电工钢及其生产方法 |
CN111020140A (zh) * | 2019-12-17 | 2020-04-17 | 无锡晶龙华特电工有限公司 | 一种磁性优良取向硅钢氧化镁退火隔离剂及其涂覆工艺 |
JP7463976B2 (ja) * | 2020-02-28 | 2024-04-09 | Jfeスチール株式会社 | 方向性電磁鋼板の製造方法 |
CN112522609B (zh) * | 2020-11-18 | 2021-12-14 | 武汉钢铁有限公司 | 一种含复合抑制剂的高磁感取向硅钢及生产方法 |
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US3671337A (en) * | 1969-02-21 | 1972-06-20 | Nippon Steel Corp | Process for producing grain oriented electromagnetic steel sheets having excellent magnetic characteristics |
US3855018A (en) * | 1972-09-28 | 1974-12-17 | Allegheny Ludlum Ind Inc | Method for producing grain oriented silicon steel comprising copper |
AR208355A1 (es) * | 1975-02-13 | 1976-12-20 | Allegheny Ludlum Ind Inc | Procedimiento para producir acero electromagnetico al silico |
GB2130241B (en) * | 1982-09-24 | 1986-01-15 | Nippon Steel Corp | Method for producing a grain-oriented electrical steel sheet having a high magnetic flux density |
JPS60197819A (ja) * | 1984-03-22 | 1985-10-07 | Nippon Steel Corp | 薄手高磁束密度方向性電磁鋼板の製造方法 |
KR930004849B1 (ko) * | 1991-07-12 | 1993-06-09 | 포항종합제철 주식회사 | 자기특성이 우수한 방향성 전기강판 및 그 제조방법 |
DE4311151C1 (de) * | 1993-04-05 | 1994-07-28 | Thyssen Stahl Ag | Verfahren zur Herstellung von kornorientierten Elektroblechen mit verbesserten Ummagnetisierungsverlusten |
-
1995
- 1995-03-14 FR FR9502916A patent/FR2731713B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1996
- 1996-03-08 CN CN96190188A patent/CN1148411A/zh active Pending
- 1996-03-08 AT AT96400486T patent/ATE206171T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1996-03-08 JP JP8527325A patent/JPH10500454A/ja active Pending
- 1996-03-08 BR BR9605937A patent/BR9605937A/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1996-03-08 DE DE69615429T patent/DE69615429T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-03-08 ES ES96400486T patent/ES2161988T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-03-08 WO PCT/FR1996/000364 patent/WO1996028576A1/fr active IP Right Grant
- 1996-03-08 PL PL96317155A patent/PL317155A1/xx unknown
- 1996-03-08 CZ CZ963684A patent/CZ284873B6/cs not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1996-03-08 PT PT96400486T patent/PT732413E/pt unknown
- 1996-03-08 EP EP96400486A patent/EP0732413B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-11-11 KR KR1019960706379A patent/KR970702932A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
PL317155A1 (en) | 1997-03-17 |
FR2731713A1 (fr) | 1996-09-20 |
BR9605937A (pt) | 1997-08-12 |
PT732413E (pt) | 2002-03-28 |
JPH10500454A (ja) | 1998-01-13 |
CZ284873B6 (cs) | 1999-03-17 |
ES2161988T3 (es) | 2001-12-16 |
CZ368496A3 (en) | 1997-04-16 |
CN1148411A (zh) | 1997-04-23 |
DE69615429T2 (de) | 2002-06-20 |
FR2731713B1 (fr) | 1997-04-11 |
WO1996028576A1 (fr) | 1996-09-19 |
ATE206171T1 (de) | 2001-10-15 |
EP0732413A1 (fr) | 1996-09-18 |
DE69615429D1 (de) | 2001-10-31 |
KR970702932A (ko) | 1997-06-10 |
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