EP0706585B1 - Verfahren zum aufbereiten von sklerenchym-fasern, insbesondere flachs - Google Patents

Verfahren zum aufbereiten von sklerenchym-fasern, insbesondere flachs Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0706585B1
EP0706585B1 EP94919650A EP94919650A EP0706585B1 EP 0706585 B1 EP0706585 B1 EP 0706585B1 EP 94919650 A EP94919650 A EP 94919650A EP 94919650 A EP94919650 A EP 94919650A EP 0706585 B1 EP0706585 B1 EP 0706585B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fibre
fibers
sliver
fibres
sections
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP94919650A
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0706585A1 (de
Inventor
Herbert Costard
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Windi Winderlich GmbH
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Windi Winderlich GmbH
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Windi Winderlich GmbH filed Critical Windi Winderlich GmbH
Publication of EP0706585A1 publication Critical patent/EP0706585A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0706585B1 publication Critical patent/EP0706585B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01B—MECHANICAL TREATMENT OF NATURAL FIBROUS OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL TO OBTAIN FIBRES OF FILAMENTS, e.g. FOR SPINNING
    • D01B1/00—Mechanical separation of fibres from plant material, e.g. seeds, leaves, stalks
    • D01B1/10—Separating vegetable fibres from stalks or leaves
    • D01B1/14—Breaking or scutching, e.g. of flax; Decorticating
    • D01B1/30—Details of machines
    • D01B1/40—Arrangements for disposing of non-fibrous materials
    • D01B1/42—Arrangements for disposing of non-fibrous materials employing liquids
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01G—PRELIMINARY TREATMENT OF FIBRES, e.g. FOR SPINNING
    • D01G13/00—Mixing, e.g. blending, fibres; Mixing non-fibrous materials with fibres
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01G—PRELIMINARY TREATMENT OF FIBRES, e.g. FOR SPINNING
    • D01G21/00—Combinations of machines, apparatus, or processes, e.g. for continuous processing

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for processing sclerenchyma fibers, in particular flax, by mechanical processing with the formation of a fiber sliver and alignment of the fibers essentially parallel to one another.
  • a yarn is usually obtained from the combined long fibers in subsequent processing steps, which is then processed, for example, into textile materials, the Long fibers continue to contain wood components to a certain extent, including impurities, and in particular are unbleached.
  • long fibers obtained by panting cannot be mixed with short fibers of other materials, such as cotton, to obtain mixed yarns, since the long-fiber wet spinning machines, which otherwise work very slowly, cannot process such a fiber mixture.
  • the long fibers are therefore processed into a roving or finished yarn without the addition of other fibers.
  • the roving which has been given a certain strength and fiber bond by a first spinning step, is cleaned and bleached, while cleaning the finished yarn is more difficult because the cleaning liquor penetrates the finished yarn much more poorly than the roving.
  • the tow obtained during processing by panting is either processed directly into relatively coarse yarns or carded in such a way that short fibers are formed (so-called cottonizing), which are used unbleached for the manufacture of yarn or fleece.
  • cottonizing short fibers are formed
  • a washing and bleaching process such as flock or batch cooking
  • a mass of cleaned and bleached short fibers is formed, which is, however, heavily matted and in which the fibers are twisted or twisted together. It is therefore not readily possible to obtain a fiber structure that can be further processed into threads or in some other way from this mass, unless it is caused by strong mechanical tearing. This leads to considerable rejects and fiber shortening.
  • a method of the type mentioned at the outset is designed in such a way that the fibers of the sliver by chemical and / or cooking processing of the sliver of wood components, fats, pectins and other contaminants are freed, that the treated sliver is dried, that the sliver is divided into shorter sections, that the sections to form fiber bundles are at least partially torn and that the fiber bundles are carded at a set moisture content of at least 10% by weight and combined to form a fine fiber band.
  • the division into shorter sections can take place by cutting or tearing the sliver, the cutting having the advantage that it is easier to carry out and results in precisely defined section lengths, but as a result of the cutting also a relatively large proportion of very short pieces of fiber arises which are suitable for further processing is not suitable.
  • tearing the sliver into shorter sections is somewhat more complex and does not lead to precisely defined section lengths.
  • it has the advantage that the proportion of fiber pieces which have been destroyed and which are no longer processed due to their short length is significantly reduced.
  • the fibers within the recovered sections are in a substantially parallel orientation and the fiber bundles forming the sections are at least partially torn, i.e. they are subjected to a process known as "opening” in cotton processing. In cotton processing, this "opening” or “tearing” takes place within a layer of cotton that was previously peeled off from a cotton bale.
  • the moisture content is 9% by weight.
  • a somewhat higher moisture content must be set, which is at least 10% by weight and which is limited by the processability on the card. Due to the increased moisture content, which is a maximum of 30% by weight, but preferably between 11% by weight and 17% by weight, even more preferably between 12% by weight and 14% by weight and in a very particularly preferred manner Embodiment is 13 wt .-%, the hydrogen bonds holding the fibers dissolve without the fibers sticking in the card.
  • the fibers obtained in this way and combined into a fine fiber ribbon, if they are flax fibers have a structure surprisingly similar to that of cotton, and they can be processed in the same way as cotton fibers, for example by spinning into a yarn.
  • the length of the sections to be produced from the sliver is essentially determined by the ability of the card used to process long fibers, since the fiber losses the longer the sections are selected, the lower the number.
  • the length is preferably between 50 mm and 250 mm, in particular between 65 mm and 120 mm.
  • the moisture content of the fiber bundles for carding can be adjusted in a particularly preferred manner by appropriately adjusting the moisture content of the fiber sliver before cutting into shorter sections.
  • the method according to the invention makes it possible to mix sclerenchym fibers, in particular flax fibers, with fibers of a different type, such as wool or cotton. This has not been possible until now if you wanted to obtain a cleaned yarn as a result of such a mixing process and further processing.
  • the different fibers, sclerenchyma fibers, in particular flax fibers on the one hand and in particular wool on the other hand can only be cleaned by very different cleaning processes, the chemicals of which are harmful in each case. act on the other type of fiber.
  • flax fibers have so far only been inadequately cleaned in a state broken down into short fibers, since, as mentioned above, the tow consisting of short fibers is converted into a mass of heavily matted and partly twisted or twisted fibers by a washing and bleaching process can only be processed very poorly. So far, the cleaning of the flax fibers has only been carried out if they were in the form of a half-thread or yarn.
  • fiber bundles are obtained which consist of cleaned sclerenchyma fibers, in particular flax fibers, so that these cleaned and spinnable fibers are mixed with also cleaned wool or cotton fibers and combined by carding to form a fine fiber band and finally processed into a mixed yarn can be.
  • the wool or cotton fibers are usually added dry, since they do not have the problem of dissolving hydrogen bonds when carding.
  • the flax fibers obtained according to the invention have approximately the same abrasion properties as plastic fibers which are currently used for the production of mixed yarns from plastic fibers and wool or cotton.
  • the flax fibers produced according to the invention can therefore replace the plastic fibers currently used.
  • the fiber sliver obtained was passed in two passes at a speed of 5 m / min through a continuously operating system of the Construmony Machine Tessile, Schio, Italy, which had a card sliver unwind station with 16 card slivers, a unit made of foulard (chemical soaking device) and intermediate steamers, a storage damper , 4 sieve drum machines (Lisseuse washing systems), a sieve drum dryer and a card sliver storage.
  • the treated sliver was then treated in the steamer with saturated steam at 102 ° C. for 30 minutes. Drying took place at 140 ° C to 150 ° C.
  • Magnesium sulfate 8 ml / l Water glass 38 ° Bé 5 ml / l Sodium hydroxide solution 50 ° Bé 6 g / l Cottoclarin OK 2 g / l Securon 540 2 g / l Belsoft 200 (plasticizer) 60 ml / l Hydrogen peroxide 35% took place.
  • the speed setting was the same as that of the above wash and the liquor pickup was 71%.
  • the treatment in the steamer was carried out under the same conditions as for the washing process.
  • the fiber sliver was then dried at 140 ° C. to 150 ° C. and a speed of 5 m / min to a residual moisture of approx. 10%.
  • the fiber sliver obtained in this way or the fiber slivers obtained in this way were on a staple fiber cutting machine type NMC 290 from Neumag Neumünstersche Maschinen- und Anlagenbau GmbH, Neumünster, cut into sections with a length of 77 mm.
  • the dimensions of the fibers thus obtained largely corresponded to the dimensions of cotton fibers.
  • the proportions of fiber lengths obtained with 10 drawn samples are shown in the fiber diagram according to FIG. 1, in which the ordinate shows the proportion of fibers which has at least the length indicated on the abscissa, that is to say equal to the specified length or longer.
  • this fiber length distribution essentially corresponds to a fiber length distribution of cotton, as shown in the fiber diagram according to FIG. 2.
  • a microscopic examination showed that the fiber thickness of the flax fibers obtained was of the same order of magnitude as the fiber thickness of the cotton fibers.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
  • Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
  • Preliminary Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)
  • Dry Formation Of Fiberboard And The Like (AREA)
EP94919650A 1993-06-30 1994-06-21 Verfahren zum aufbereiten von sklerenchym-fasern, insbesondere flachs Expired - Lifetime EP0706585B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4322399 1993-06-30
DE4322399 1993-06-30
PCT/EP1994/002022 WO1995001468A1 (de) 1993-06-30 1994-06-21 Verfahren zum aufbereiten von sklerenchym-fasern, insbesondere flachs

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0706585A1 EP0706585A1 (de) 1996-04-17
EP0706585B1 true EP0706585B1 (de) 1997-08-27

Family

ID=6492033

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP94919650A Expired - Lifetime EP0706585B1 (de) 1993-06-30 1994-06-21 Verfahren zum aufbereiten von sklerenchym-fasern, insbesondere flachs

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US5666696A (da)
EP (1) EP0706585B1 (da)
CZ (1) CZ284721B6 (da)
DE (1) DE59403884D1 (da)
DK (1) DK0706585T3 (da)
ES (1) ES2106549T3 (da)
PL (1) PL174372B1 (da)
WO (1) WO1995001468A1 (da)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19831108C1 (de) * 1998-07-11 1999-07-29 Klaus Dipl Ing Schuerer Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Aufbereiten von Flachsfasern
DE19854324B4 (de) * 1998-09-09 2005-01-20 Herres-Costard, Cornelia Verfahren zur biologischen Gewinnung von Cellulosefasermaterial aus Calciumpectinat-haltigem, pflanzlichen Substrat
DE102009043908A1 (de) 2009-08-31 2011-03-03 Stoffkontor Kranz Ag Verfahren zur Gewinnung von spinnfähigen Nesselfasern
DE102022003958A1 (de) 2022-10-24 2024-04-25 Hochschule Zittau/Görlitz Körperschaft des öffentlichen Rechts Verfahren zum parametergesteuerten mikrobiellen Aufschluss von Bastfasern

Families Citing this family (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2734846B1 (fr) * 1995-05-31 1997-08-22 Teillage Du Neubourg Soc Coop Fibres de lin en bourre et procede de preparation
DE19546153A1 (de) 1995-11-29 1997-06-05 Windi Winderlich Gmbh Verfahren zum Naßspinnen von Sklerenchym-Fasern, insbesondere Flachs
DK172928B1 (da) * 1998-05-01 1999-10-04 Landbrugets Radgvningcenter Fremgangsmade til fremstilling af enfibermatte,fibermatte samt anvendelse af en sadan fibermatte.
DE19824646C2 (de) * 1998-05-22 2000-08-17 Herbert Costard Verfahren zum Aufbereiten von Sklerenchym-Fasern, insbesondere Flachs
DE19830011A1 (de) * 1998-06-25 1999-12-30 Hanf Faser Fabrik Uckermark Gm Verfahren und Vorrichtungen zur Bearbeitung von Bastfaser-Schwungwerg
EP1510539A1 (de) * 2003-08-27 2005-03-02 ContiTech Holding GmbH Verfahren zur Herstellung von Verbundwerkstoffen aus Elastomeren und darin eingebetteten Polymertextilien oder -folien
US8475628B1 (en) 2011-03-29 2013-07-02 Hbi Branded Apparel Enterprises, Llc Process and apparatus for orienting bast stalks for decortication
US8635844B1 (en) 2011-03-29 2014-01-28 Hbi Branded Apparel Enterprises, Llc Method for harvesting bast plants
DE102017011741A1 (de) 2017-12-19 2019-06-19 Hanffaser Uckermark eG Verfahren für einen enzymatisch-tensidischen Faseraufschluss von Baststreifen

Family Cites Families (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1959400A (en) * 1932-03-08 1934-05-22 Arthur W Withey Preparing vegetable fibers for spinning
US2871163A (en) * 1956-10-19 1959-01-27 Turnbull Robert Hutchison Separation of fibres from fibrous plants
BG40087A1 (en) * 1983-05-26 1986-10-15 Iliev Method for manufacture of fine jute and jute type yarns
US4617383A (en) * 1983-11-22 1986-10-14 Helmic, Inc. Method for degumming and bleaching decorticated plant bast fiber
US4568739A (en) * 1983-11-22 1986-02-04 Helmic, Inc. Method for degumming decorticated plant bast fiber
SU1208101A1 (ru) * 1984-06-06 1986-01-30 Научно-Исследовательский Институт Промышленности Первичной Обработки Лубяных Волокон Способ получени льн ной тресты
GB2162554A (en) * 1984-07-30 1986-02-05 Yoshio Miyata Oil palm fibre and rubberised oil palm fibre, process for their production and articles made therefrom
JPS61160407A (ja) * 1984-12-28 1986-07-21 Uzubou:Kk 靭皮繊維の処理方法
SU1650804A1 (ru) * 1988-10-14 1991-05-23 Научно-Исследовательский Институт Промышленности Первичной Обработки Лубяных Волокон Способ получени тресты из стеблей луб ных культур
DE3923498A1 (de) * 1989-07-15 1991-01-17 Jakob Bahmer Verfahren und vorrichtung zum entholzen und zum aufbereiten von flachs
FR2680375B1 (fr) * 1991-08-12 1994-05-13 Inst Textile De France Procede de fabrication d'un fil de lin au mouille et fil de lin obtenu.

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19831108C1 (de) * 1998-07-11 1999-07-29 Klaus Dipl Ing Schuerer Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Aufbereiten von Flachsfasern
DE19854324B4 (de) * 1998-09-09 2005-01-20 Herres-Costard, Cornelia Verfahren zur biologischen Gewinnung von Cellulosefasermaterial aus Calciumpectinat-haltigem, pflanzlichen Substrat
DE102009043908A1 (de) 2009-08-31 2011-03-03 Stoffkontor Kranz Ag Verfahren zur Gewinnung von spinnfähigen Nesselfasern
DE102022003958A1 (de) 2022-10-24 2024-04-25 Hochschule Zittau/Görlitz Körperschaft des öffentlichen Rechts Verfahren zum parametergesteuerten mikrobiellen Aufschluss von Bastfasern
WO2024089004A1 (de) 2022-10-24 2024-05-02 Hochschule Zittau/Görlitz Verfahren und vorrichtung zum behandeln eines pflanzlichen rohstoffs

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO1995001468A1 (de) 1995-01-12
EP0706585A1 (de) 1996-04-17
ES2106549T3 (es) 1997-11-01
CZ284721B6 (cs) 1999-02-17
PL312328A1 (en) 1996-04-15
DE59403884D1 (de) 1997-10-02
CZ343595A3 (en) 1996-03-13
PL174372B1 (pl) 1998-07-31
US5666696A (en) 1997-09-16
DK0706585T3 (da) 1998-03-30

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