EP0652300B1 - Nitruration superficielle pour la production d'une couche austénitique à résistance élevée dans les aciers inoxydables - Google Patents

Nitruration superficielle pour la production d'une couche austénitique à résistance élevée dans les aciers inoxydables Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0652300B1
EP0652300B1 EP94114659A EP94114659A EP0652300B1 EP 0652300 B1 EP0652300 B1 EP 0652300B1 EP 94114659 A EP94114659 A EP 94114659A EP 94114659 A EP94114659 A EP 94114659A EP 0652300 B1 EP0652300 B1 EP 0652300B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
nitrogen
nitriding
skin
austenitic
case
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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EP94114659A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP0652300A1 (fr
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Hans Prof. Dr.-Ing. Berns
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
    • C21D6/002—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Cr
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
    • C23C8/06—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases
    • C23C8/08—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases only one element being applied
    • C23C8/24—Nitriding
    • C23C8/26—Nitriding of ferrous surfaces

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a heat treatment process for forming an austenitic surface layer with ⁇ 0.30 wt.% Of dissolved nitrogen in near net shape parts of stainless steel by nitriding at a temperature between 1000 ° C and 1200 ° C in a nitrogen-containing gas atmosphere.
  • a heat treatment process of the aforementioned type is known from DE-A-25 18 452 known. So revealed the DE-A-25 18 452 a process for austenitizing an iron alloy containing about 21 to 45% manganese and about 10 to 30% chromium, wherein the surface of the solid state alloy is at a temperature of at least 927 ° C above a nitrogen content at least in the surface of about 0.85 to 3% sufficient period of exposure to nitrogen exposure.
  • the manganese content in the with the help of from the DE-A-25 18 452 known alloys heat treatment process is 21 to 45%. Since manganese is an austenite and increases the solubility of nitrogen in the steel, amounts greater than 21% are required.
  • a heat treatment process for forming an austenitic surface layer with ⁇ 0.30 wt.% of dissolved nitrogen in near-net shape parts of X5 CrNiMo 17 12 2 or X2 CrNiMoN 22 5 3 is proposed as stainless steel, by nitriding at a Temperature between 1000 ° C and 1200 ° C in a nitrogen-containing gas atmosphere and subsequent cooling at a rate such that nitride precipitation is avoided.
  • the present invention dispenses with a consistently high nitrogen content in the steel. Instead, only the edge zone of stainless steel parts close to the final shape is enriched with dissolved nitrogen by a heat treatment so that a high-strength but tough austenitic surface layer forms over a core structure of ferrite, austenite, martensite or a mixture of two or three of these structural components.
  • the heat treatment according to the invention consists of a nitridation in a nitrogen-emitting gas atmosphere at a temperature between 1000 and 1200 ° C.
  • Temperature, pressure and duration of the treatment are chosen so as to form a surface layer of certain thickness, the nitrogen content of which in the surface is between a lower limit of 0.3% by weight and an upper limit given by incipient nitride precipitation during nitriding.
  • the subsequent cooling takes place so quickly that even in this period no nitride precipitation occurs.
  • the invention is a heat treatment process for forming an austenitic surface layer with ⁇ 0.30 wt
  • Nitrogen in near-net shape parts of X5 CrNiMo 17 12 2 or X2 CrNiMoN 22 5 3 by embossing at a temperature of between 1,000 ° C and 1,200 ° C in a nitrogen-containing gas atmosphere and subsequent cooling at such a rate as to avoid nitride precipitation is proposed. It is stabilized by the inward diffusion of nitrogen de austenitic phase in the boundary layer, so that martensitic or ferritic microstructures in the edge zone to austenite.
  • the strength of the surface layer is increased by the solid solution hardening of the austenite with nitrogen without embrittlement occurring. Due to the achieved combination of strength and toughness, the austenitic surface layer according to the invention is suitable for increasing the wear resistance, in particular in the case of stress due to impact wear. Cavitation and drop impact, as occurs, for example, in turbomachines.
  • Ferritic-austenitic stainless duplex steels are often used for high-speed pump wheels in aggressive media. Their biphasic structure has the required high insertion limit. A common type of failure is cavitation wear. As can be seen from Fig. 2, a content of 1.4 wt.% Nitrogen in the peripheral zone of this material is achieved by embroidering in nitrogen gas at 1150 ° C and a pressure of 1 bar. After cooling, a fully austenitic edge layer can be seen over a ferrite-austenitic core structure in FIG. 3. This edge layer was subjected to a Kavitationsverschl employ phenomenon compared to the non-embroidered core material.
  • a bubble field is generated by an ultrasound oscillator at 20 kHz and an amplitude of 40 ⁇ m in distilled water, which leads to implosions on the sample surface.
  • the amount of wear is shown as weight loss over the load duration in FIG.
  • a wear rate of 0.0358 (mg / 10 3 s) results for the non-embroidered steel it is 1.53 (mg / 10 3 s). Due to the edge attachment, a decrease of the wear rate by a factor of 43 is achieved. From the example of a current density potential curve, it can be seen from FIG. 5 that the resistance to wet corrosion in artificial seawater is slightly improved by the edge impacting. At approximately the same passive current density results for the embroidered sample an increase in the breakdown potential compared to the non-embroidered sample.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Solid-Phase Diffusion Into Metallic Material Surfaces (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)

Claims (3)

  1. Procédé de traitement thermique pour la formation d'une couche superficielle austénitique contenant ≥ 0,30 % en poids d'azote dissout dans des pièces proches de la forme définitive en acier inoxydable X5 CrNiMo 17 12 2 ou X2 CrNiMoN 22 5 3 par nitruration à une température comprise entre 1000° et 1200°C dans une atmosphère gazeuse contenant de l'azote puis refroidissement à une vitesse permettant d'éviter la ségrégation de nitrures.
  2. Procédé de traitement thermique selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la pression dans l'atmosphère gazeuse pendant la nitruration diffère de la pression normale.
  3. Procédé de traitement thermique selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que la couche superficielle est durcie ensuite par un réchauffage à une température ≤ 650°C.
EP94114659A 1993-10-05 1994-09-17 Nitruration superficielle pour la production d'une couche austénitique à résistance élevée dans les aciers inoxydables Expired - Lifetime EP0652300B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4333917A DE4333917C2 (de) 1993-10-05 1993-10-05 Randaufsticken zur Erzeugung einer hochfesten austenitischen Randschicht in nichtrostenden Stählen
DE4333917 1993-10-05

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0652300A1 EP0652300A1 (fr) 1995-05-10
EP0652300B1 true EP0652300B1 (fr) 2007-11-28

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EP94114659A Expired - Lifetime EP0652300B1 (fr) 1993-10-05 1994-09-17 Nitruration superficielle pour la production d'une couche austénitique à résistance élevée dans les aciers inoxydables

Country Status (9)

Country Link
US (1) US5503687A (fr)
EP (1) EP0652300B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPH07188733A (fr)
CN (1) CN1058758C (fr)
CZ (1) CZ240094A3 (fr)
DE (1) DE4333917C2 (fr)
ES (1) ES2296286T3 (fr)
PL (1) PL178509B1 (fr)
RU (1) RU2127330C1 (fr)

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US5851313A (en) * 1996-09-18 1998-12-22 The Timken Company Case-hardened stainless steel bearing component and process and manufacturing the same
DE19729984A1 (de) * 1997-07-12 1999-01-14 Ipsen Ind Int Gmbh Verfahren zum Aufsticken der Randschicht metallischer Werkstücke
AU8351898A (en) * 1997-07-21 1999-02-16 Nsk Rhp European Technology Co. Limited Case hardening of steels
JP4252145B2 (ja) * 1999-02-18 2009-04-08 新日鐵住金ステンレス株式会社 耐遅れ破壊性に優れた高強度・高靭性ステンレス鋼
JP4461014B2 (ja) * 2002-07-29 2010-05-12 コーニンクレッカ フィリップス エレクトロニクス エヌ ヴィ マルエージング鋼のプラズマ窒化、このようなマルエージング鋼から製作される電気シェーバ用のシェーバキャップ及び切断装置、並びに電気シェーバ
JP4009716B2 (ja) * 2002-08-08 2007-11-21 独立行政法人物質・材料研究機構 窒素吸収処理によるステンレス鋼製製品の製造方法とこれにより得られるステンレス鋼製製品
JP4336784B2 (ja) * 2002-11-21 2009-09-30 独立行政法人物質・材料研究機構 生体軟組織用医療用具とその製造方法
DE102004048172A1 (de) * 2004-10-02 2006-04-06 Ina-Schaeffler Kg Spanlos hergestelltes dünnwandiges rostfreies Lagerbauteil insbesondere Wälzlagerbauteil
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WO2012146254A1 (fr) 2011-04-28 2012-11-01 Expanite A/S Procédé de durcissement en solution d'une pièce de fabrication en alliage passif déformée à froid, et élément durci en solution par ledit procédé
DE102011077368A1 (de) 2011-06-10 2012-12-13 BSH Bosch und Siemens Hausgeräte GmbH Haushaltsgerät mit einem wärmebehandelten Haushaltsgeräte-Bauteil
FR2980804B1 (fr) * 2011-09-30 2014-06-27 Areva Np Procede de realisation a partir d'une ebauche en acier inoxydable austenitique a faible teneur en carbone d'une gaine resistant a l'usure et a la corrosion pour reacteur nucleaire, gaine et grappe de commande correspondantes
JP6241896B2 (ja) * 2012-04-27 2017-12-06 エクスパナイト テクノロジー アグシャセルスガーッブＥｘｐａｎｉｔｅ Ｔｅｃｈｎｏｌｏｇｙ Ａ／Ｓ 不動態合金の冷間変形された加工物の固溶硬化のための方法、およびこの方法によって固溶硬化された部材
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
PL305287A1 (en) 1995-04-18
CN1107187A (zh) 1995-08-23
PL178509B1 (pl) 2000-05-31
DE4333917A1 (de) 1994-03-24
RU94035767A (ru) 1997-04-20
CZ240094A3 (en) 1995-08-16
CN1058758C (zh) 2000-11-22
ES2296286T3 (es) 2008-04-16
DE4333917C2 (de) 1994-06-23
US5503687A (en) 1996-04-02
RU2127330C1 (ru) 1999-03-10
EP0652300A1 (fr) 1995-05-10
JPH07188733A (ja) 1995-07-25

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