EP0584527A1 - Procédé et dispositif de déchiquetage continu de bois de forme allongée - Google Patents

Procédé et dispositif de déchiquetage continu de bois de forme allongée Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0584527A1
EP0584527A1 EP93111572A EP93111572A EP0584527A1 EP 0584527 A1 EP0584527 A1 EP 0584527A1 EP 93111572 A EP93111572 A EP 93111572A EP 93111572 A EP93111572 A EP 93111572A EP 0584527 A1 EP0584527 A1 EP 0584527A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
package
wood
short
feed
conveyor
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP93111572A
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German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Karl Schäfer
Rony Callens
Dominique Sentagnes
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Inter Wood Maschinen GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Inter Wood Maschinen GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Inter Wood Maschinen GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Inter Wood Maschinen GmbH and Co KG
Publication of EP0584527A1 publication Critical patent/EP0584527A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27L—REMOVING BARK OR VESTIGES OF BRANCHES; SPLITTING WOOD; MANUFACTURE OF VENEER, WOODEN STICKS, WOOD SHAVINGS, WOOD FIBRES OR WOOD POWDER
    • B27L11/00—Manufacture of wood shavings, chips, powder, or the like; Tools therefor
    • B27L11/002—Transporting devices for wood or chips

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a process for the continuous machining of wood of different lengths and shapes, in particular of round wood, which is largely layered one above the other in the longitudinal direction and next to one another at least in an approximately fiber-parallel position and is thus combined to form a long wood package of certain cross section, pushed forward in the longitudinal direction in cycles, after each feed cycle Cut a package length corresponding to the feed distance and at the same time the usable cutting length to the same length of short wood packages and in doing so apply perpendicular compressive forces on both sides of the parting plane, the short wood packages thus formed being conveyed in a continuous succession transversely to their fiber orientation, at least on their underside and the two End faces are supported and finally machined parallel to the fibers.
  • the invention further relates to a device for the continuous machining of wood of different lengths and shapes, with a wood feed trough for receiving the largely longitudinally one above and next to the other at least approximately layer parallel to each other in a fiber-parallel position and thus combined to form a cross-section of a long wood package, with feed elements for the intermittent advance of this long wood package past a cutting device, with pressure devices exerting perpendicular pressure on the long wood package and with a chipping conveyor, the width of which is the length of the short wood package or corresponds to the usable length of a cutting tool, and which supports the short wood packages at least on their underside and their two end faces and feeds the cutting tool for fiber-parallel cutting transversely to their fiber direction.
  • German design specification 2 135 930 was taken into account as the generic state of the art, in which a method and a device for cutting waste wood of different lengths and diameters are described. Thereafter, the pieces of wood are largely stacked in the longitudinal direction one above the other and next to one another at least in an approximately fiber-parallel position and thus combined to form a specific cross-sectional unit. The pieces of wood are then advanced in cycles in the longitudinal direction and cut to a length corresponding to the advance distance after each advance cycle. The separated short wood package is pressed approximately perpendicular to its longitudinal orientation to form a block which, after the pressing process has been completed, is fed in a continuous sequence to the preceding short wood package transverse to its longitudinal orientation of the cutting machine.
  • the previously known system works as follows: The pieces of wood composed of waste wood of different lengths, thicknesses and shapes are placed side by side and one above the other in the wood feed channel in such a way that their cross-section is largely filled.
  • the long wood package formed in this way is pushed in cycles and thus past the cutting device, as a band, chain or circular saw or also as hydraulic actuated scissors tools can be formed.
  • a short wood package is separated from the advanced log package, the length of which corresponds to the working length of a downstream cutter shaft cutter.
  • the wood is already pre-compressed in relation to one another in a spatial press and held in place during the cutting process.
  • This separated short wood package is then compressed in a press chamber downstream of the cutting device, aligned with the wood feed channel, by a press ram to the extent that a cohesive compact block of approximately fiber-parallel waste pieces is formed.
  • This block is then pushed into a chipper shaft with the help of an ejection stamp and thus into the area of action of chain conveyors circulating here, the block not supposed to fall apart due to its high pre-compression.
  • a block follows the previous block without gaps, so that there is a compact wooden column which, under the action of a continuously operating chain feed, is constantly advanced against the cutter shaft of the chipper and machined evenly.
  • a disadvantage of the previously known system is that after the separation process, the block located in the press chamber must first be pushed out of the press chamber before a further advance cycle of the log package can take place. A corresponding loss of time is associated with the retrieval of the ejector.
  • Another disadvantage is that when the log package is fed in cycles, small sections of wood or end plates, which lie in front of the log in front, can sit transversely or can tip forward. So that will be Filling volume in the press chamber reduced; Numerous remaining pieces are ground more or less perpendicular to the fiber instead of being machined parallel to the fiber, which increases the energy requirement and the proportion of undesirable fines considerably.
  • the invention has for its object to improve the method described above and the device described with regard to the cutting performance.
  • the aim is to achieve a continuous wood feed rate of 5300 mm / min in the machining area. to achieve, which is necessary for the production of chips with chip thicknesses over 0.6 mm at high capacity.
  • At least one support element for supporting the leading end face of the long timber package and the rear end face of the short timber package is activated in the execution of the separating cut or immediately afterwards in the dividing plane, that immediately afterwards the long timber package together with the straight separated short wood package and the supporting element enclosed between them is advanced in the same direction by a feed stroke, that after the completion of this or further feed strokes the support element is conveyed back into the control area of the parting plane, and that each short wood package is transported without structural displacement to the cutting tool.
  • the above-mentioned object is achieved in that the cutting conveyor is preceded by a short wood package conveyor which is aligned with the wood feed channel and has a length of at least twice the length of a short wood package that each time the long wood package is fed in between the preceding one End face and the rear face of the adjoining short wood package a support plate and for a return conveyor is provided, which detects the support plate which has arrived at the end of the short wood package conveyor, feeds it back into the region of the parting plane and controls it there again into the end support position.
  • the cut short wood package is conveyed at least once more by one feed stroke in the longitudinal direction of the wood feed trough, the respective removal of a short wood package can be carried out on the machining conveyor during the cutting process; in addition, the short wood package that has just been separated can always be advanced by one feed cycle at the same time as the long wood package.
  • the cutting device can be a saw that cuts from bottom to top. It is expedient if the cutting device is provided with a wide sword when it is designed as a chainsaw, which represents a provisional end wall support. The work then only takes place with a saw, which - as soon as it moves back to the starting position - lags a partition wall, which is then moved horizontally together with the wooden package. If one arranges the saw below the stack of wood, then a dividing wall with the returning saw would lag the saw from top to bottom at a short distance. The relatively wide saw cut required for this can easily be accepted, especially since the shape of the saw teeth or separating elements can influence the chip shape in such a way that useful material is produced for the plate production. A disadvantage of this concept, however, is the relatively long separation time when using only one saw. It can also be disadvantageous that the risk of jamming between the wood and the saw increasing incision depth increases. Normal chainsaws have therefore not proven themselves in this context.
  • the cutting device could also comprise a saw cutting from top to bottom and from bottom to top.
  • the top saw would only cut through the wood package to about the middle of the layer height, cutting from top to bottom.
  • the lower saw then also cuts from the bottom up to the middle of the layer height.
  • the upper saw is moved back to its starting position so that the lower saw can then pass through to the upper edge of the wooden package in rapid feed to clear the saw gap of any smaller pieces of wood that have penetrated. Then both saws can then move without contact against each other in the middle position, in which they form a temporary partition between the now front end of the wooden package and the rear end of the short wood package that has just been cut off.
  • each short wood package is constantly supported on its two end faces from the cutting device to the cutting tool, so that in connection with the other supports of the short wood package, the transport of the short wood package is carried in a load-bearing manner and thus free of structural displacement.
  • a system is shown for the continuous cutting of long logs, in particular round timber.
  • the essential components of the system are a wood feed trough 1, a cutting device 2 that delimits this end face, a short wood package conveyor 3 aligned with the wood feed trough 1, a cutting conveyor 4 adjoining this at right angles, and a cutting tool 5 closing the end face at the end, which in the exemplary embodiment is shown as a knife shaft is, but could also be a disc chipper.
  • the wood feed trough 1 serves to receive the wood 6, which is largely stacked in the longitudinal direction one above the other and next to one another at least in an approximately fiber-parallel position to one another and thus combined to form a cross-section of a long wood package is subordinate, which is firmly connected to the side walls 9 of the wood feed channel 1 and is intended to prevent jamming of the wood 6 in the region of the deflection of the plate belt 7.
  • the cutting device 2 arranged downstream of the wood feed trough 1 comprises, in the exemplary embodiment shown, an upper saw 10 working from the bottom up. Both sides of the parting plane 12 formed by the cutting device 2 are perpendicular Pressure devices 14, 15 exerting pressure forces on the log package are provided. These are arranged in a stationary manner and have toothed spiked rollers 16 that can be actuated individually depending on the pressure. These pressure devices 14, 15 working as wood depressors can in principle be of the same design, with at least the pressure device 15 arranged downstream of the parting plane 12 being controllable from the wood feed.
  • the short wood package conveyor 3 has a bottom formed by a cyclically driven plate belt 17 and in the illustrated embodiment has a length that corresponds to twice the length of a short wood package 13.
  • the side walls of the machining conveyor 4 adjoining the last section of the short wood package conveyor 3 are formed by driven toothed rollers 18, of which at least the rollers lying at the front in the conveying direction are subject to rapid feed. When all the rollers (18) are driven together, an overrunning clutch (freewheel) is provided in their drive.
  • the machining conveyor 4 also has a pivoting flap 20 which covers its conveying cross section in the closed position and is in alignment with the adjacent side wall 19 of the short wood package conveyor 3 in the closed position and which can be pivoted about an upper horizontal pivot axis after being unlocked from its closed position.
  • An ejector 21 is provided for the removal of the short wood packages 13 from the short wood package conveyor 3 onto the machining conveyor 4. For reasons of time, however, a load-bearing change of direction for the short wood packages 13 may be more expedient.
  • Figures 3 and 4 show a return conveyor for support plates 22.
  • Figure 2 shows that in the area of the parting plane 12, a support plate 22 is inserted between the leading end face of the long timber package and the rear end face of the subsequent short timber package 13 and with its lower longitudinal edge in the Longitudinal slots between two plates of the plate belt 17 is inserted.
  • This support plate 22 is advanced with each cycle feed and supports the two package end faces mentioned.
  • the support plate 22 which has thus reached the end of the short wood package conveyor 3 is gripped by the said return conveyor and is conveyed back into the region of the parting plane 12.
  • a vertical control of the support plates 22 and a horizontal return transport of the support plates 22 are provided.
  • a horizontal linear drive 24 in the form of a toothed rack or the like is arranged on a support structure 23, which enables a reversible cylinder 25 with a piston 26, which opens into a clamping device 27, to be moved horizontally.
  • the latter encompasses an upper clamping tab 28 with which each support plate 22 is equipped.
  • two transport chains 29 are provided on both sides of the side walls 19, which are deflected around chain wheels 30.
  • the transport chains 29 are equipped with drivers 31 which can be locked with driver brackets 32 provided on the support plates 22. This locking takes place as soon as a support plate 22 has been retracted in the area of the parting plane 12; unlocking takes place as soon as the support plate 22 has reached a stationary end wall 33 of the short wood package conveyor 3.
  • the two transport chains 29 are driven by a motor 34 and two angular gears 35, which are connected to one another via a connecting shaft 36.
  • This return conveyor for the support plates 22 takes up only a small amount of space in the base area due to the vertical control of the support plates 22. If there is insufficient space available due to the local conditions in terms of height, the support plates 22 can also be activated and deactivated horizontally. The support plate 22, which has reached the end wall 33, could then be moved into the Side wall 19 provided slot out horizontally and at right angles to this are returned to the insertion position in the area of the parting plane 12.
  • the system shown works as follows: When the saw 10 is open, the wood package 6 is advanced through the plate belt 7 by a feed cycle past the cutting device 2, this cycle-by-line feed distance corresponding in each case to the length of the short wood package 13 then separated and thus also to the usable cutting length of the cutting tool 5. With this feed, the leading end face of the wooden package 6 and at the same time the rear end face of the previously cut short timber package 13 are supported by a retracted support plate 22, so that small wooden sections of the trunk end discs lying in front of the forward traveling wooden package 6 do not sit crosswise or tip forward can. After the feed has ended, the pressure devices 14, 15 are activated, which exert vertical pressure forces on the upper layer of the wood from above and thus hold them in place during the separating cut.
  • the saw 10 now separates the wood package 6. While the pressure device 14 arranged in front of the cutting device 2 continues to apply pressure to the wood package 6, the contact pressure is reduced somewhat in the downstream pressure device 15, so that the cut short wood package 13 is separated from the saws 10 by a few centimeters. 11 can be promoted. Since small pieces of wood can fall into the gap, this is briefly blown out with compressed air. Then a support plate 22 which is in the waiting position is then moved into the separating gap and locked via its carrier bracket 32 to the carriers 31 provided on the transport chains 29. The separated short wood package 13 is now enclosed on five sides: on the long sides by the side walls 19, on the two end faces by the two support plates 22 and on the underside by the rotating roller chain 17.
  • the two printing devices 14, 15 and the saw 10 then move back into the starting position. There is a further advance cycle of the long wood package. While or before the printing devices 14, 15 and the saw 10 resume their work, the ejector 21 presses the short wood package 13 lying in front of it onto the machining conveyor 4, namely by a distance that corresponds to the width of the short wood package conveyor 3. Here, the removed short wood package 13 gradually pushes up the previously unlocked swing flap 20, which releases the short wood package 13 as soon as it has been gripped on both sides by the toothed rollers 18 which advance the short wood package 13 in rapid feed until it is at the rear of the front the cutting tool 5 bears short wood packs 13.
  • the support plate 22 which arrives at each feed cycle for abutment against the end wall 33 of the short wood package conveyor 3 is gripped by the return conveyor in the manner described above and conveyed back to a waiting position in the region of the parting plane 12.
  • the saw 10 which is designed as a chain saw, can also be pivoted about a pivot point by 360 °.
  • the saw 10 is to be arranged so that it can move vertically by the maximum height of the wooden package 13. The one from Saw 10 separating from top to bottom hurries immediately after the support plate 22.
  • a short wood package 13 In order to be able to carry out a contizer cutting for strands, a short wood package 13 must be provided approximately every 20 seconds. It must be ensured that the short timber bundle 13 is transported free of structural displacement into the machining area. The logs combined in the package must not roll against each other; small pieces must not lie crossways in cavities. Each individual piece of wood must therefore remain fixed in the position it assumed when the short wood package 13 was cut off. With regard to the saving of time, it is therefore essential that the previously separated short wood package 13 can also be carried forward in synchronism with the cyclical advance of the long wood package; Dead times can be avoided.
  • the ejector can be replaced by a rolling direction change. Or it should be provided that the ejector 16 is only active during the separation process and has returned to its starting position after the separation process has been completed.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
EP93111572A 1992-07-29 1993-07-20 Procédé et dispositif de déchiquetage continu de bois de forme allongée Withdrawn EP0584527A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4224970 1992-07-29
DE4224970A DE4224970C1 (fr) 1992-07-29 1992-07-29

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0584527A1 true EP0584527A1 (fr) 1994-03-02

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ID=6464332

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EP93111572A Withdrawn EP0584527A1 (fr) 1992-07-29 1993-07-20 Procédé et dispositif de déchiquetage continu de bois de forme allongée

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US (1) US5299610A (fr)
EP (1) EP0584527A1 (fr)
CA (1) CA2094544A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE4224970C1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4402473C1 (de) * 1994-01-28 1994-09-08 Inter Wood Maschinen Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum kontinuierlichen Zerspanen von Langhölzern
DE19728918C1 (de) * 1997-07-07 1998-06-10 Inter Wood Maschinen Vorrichtung zum kontinuierlichen Zerspanen von Langhölzern
US6308756B1 (en) * 1998-10-23 2001-10-30 The Coe Manufacturing Company Dual alternating transverse feeding mechanism for lumber edgers
US6729567B1 (en) * 2001-07-31 2004-05-04 Tramor, Inc. Side feed wheel assembly for wood chipper
DE10300440B3 (de) * 2003-01-09 2004-07-15 Inter-Wood Maschinen Kg Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Herstellen von Furnierstreifen, Spänen oder dergleichen
CN114802861B (zh) * 2022-05-11 2023-05-23 恩派特江苏环保产业有限公司 一种木材加工用废弃木料打包装置

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2135930B2 (fr) * 1971-07-17 1974-12-05 Hombak Maschinenfabrik Kg, 6550 Bad Kreuznach
DE8222461U1 (de) * 1982-08-09 1986-12-18 Elsen, Reinhold W., Dr.-Ing., 5000 Köln Messerwellenzerspaner

Family Cites Families (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2689092A (en) * 1949-05-23 1954-09-14 Long Bell Lumber Company Method and apparatus for preparing crosscut fiber
US2796094A (en) * 1954-02-16 1957-06-18 Allwood Inc Production of shavings from pieces of wood
US3209801A (en) * 1958-12-01 1965-10-05 Auglo Paper Products Ltd Wood chip producing apparatus
DE1282905B (de) * 1964-05-15 1968-11-14 Hombak Maschinenfab Kg Zerspanungsmaschine mit messertragendem, walzenfoermigem Werkzeug
DE2130795A1 (de) * 1971-06-22 1973-01-11 Hombak Maschinenfab Kg Verfahren und vorrichtung zum ablaengen von langem stammholz
DE2207901C2 (de) * 1972-02-19 1974-01-24 Hombak Maschinenfabrik Kg, 6550 Bad Kreuznach Zuführeinrichtung eines Messerwellenzerspaners
DE2804334C3 (de) * 1978-02-02 1981-09-10 J.M. Voith Gmbh, 7920 Heidenheim Holzschleifer mit stetiger Zuführung des Holzes
DE3018110A1 (de) * 1980-05-12 1982-02-04 Maschinenfabrik Bezner Gmbh & Co Kg, 7980 Ravensburg Messerwellenspaner mit holzzufuhrschacht
US4865094A (en) * 1988-10-24 1989-09-12 Cae Machinery Ltd. Long log waferizer

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2135930B2 (fr) * 1971-07-17 1974-12-05 Hombak Maschinenfabrik Kg, 6550 Bad Kreuznach
DE8222461U1 (de) * 1982-08-09 1986-12-18 Elsen, Reinhold W., Dr.-Ing., 5000 Köln Messerwellenzerspaner

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CA2094544A1 (fr) 1994-01-30
DE4224970C1 (fr) 1993-04-01
US5299610A (en) 1994-04-05

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