EP0353482A2 - Appareil pour ouvrir et nettoyer une matière fibreuse, notamment le coton - Google Patents
Appareil pour ouvrir et nettoyer une matière fibreuse, notamment le coton Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0353482A2 EP0353482A2 EP89112264A EP89112264A EP0353482A2 EP 0353482 A2 EP0353482 A2 EP 0353482A2 EP 89112264 A EP89112264 A EP 89112264A EP 89112264 A EP89112264 A EP 89112264A EP 0353482 A2 EP0353482 A2 EP 0353482A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- clothing
- roller
- clothing roller
- opening
- fiber
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01G—PRELIMINARY TREATMENT OF FIBRES, e.g. FOR SPINNING
- D01G9/00—Opening or cleaning fibres, e.g. scutching cotton
- D01G9/08—Opening or cleaning fibres, e.g. scutching cotton by means of air draught arrangements
- D01G9/10—Opening or cleaning fibres, e.g. scutching cotton by means of air draught arrangements using foraminous cylinders
Definitions
- the invention relates to a device for opening and cleaning fiber material, in particular cotton, with at least two clothing rollers arranged downstream of a feed device, in which at least two clothing rollers are each assigned at least one separation edge for impurities with an associated separation opening and in which the centrifugal forces on the circumference of the second clothing roller are greater than with the first clothing roller.
- a first clothing roller is provided according to a first embodiment (FIG. 1), which is followed by a second clothing roller.
- the direction of rotation of the two rollers is opposite.
- the second clothing roller which is smaller in diameter than the first clothing roller, rotates at a much higher speed than the first clothing roller, its clothing tips being in the removal position from those of the first clothing roller.
- the negative pressure from the downstream screening drum continues through a fiber transport channel to the second clothing roller. After passing through the separation opening, the fiber material detaches from the second clothing roller due to the supply air entering through an opening in the housing and the separation opening and reaches the screening drum.
- a clothing roller is assigned to the first and the second clothing roller.
- the third clothing roller has the same diameter as the first clothing roller and rotates counterclockwise like this, but at a lower speed.
- the clothing tips of the first and third garni door roller are in carding position to each other.
- the third clothing roller is enclosed in a housing which is interrupted by a separating opening with a separating edge.
- the second clothing roller works spatially directly with the first clothing roller. It has been shown that the suction air flow, which takes the fiber material from the second clothing roller, has a disadvantageous effect on the first clothing roller. In particular, it is disturbing that this suction air flow acts in the space between the first clothing roller and the housing around the first clothing roller and thereby impairs the fiber guidance.
- a further disadvantage is that the suction air flow, together with the good fiber flakes detached from the second clothing roller, also takes along contaminants from the separation opening on the second clothing roller via the supply air from the outside.
- the suction air flow from the screen drum adversely affects the separation openings on the first and second clothing rollers.
- Another disadvantage is that the fiber material in the transition immediately from the first to the second clothing roller can only be resolved by particularly high speeds, which is structurally complex, in particular limited by the so-called critical bending speed and the roll width. If the fiber material is too little dissolved by significantly lower speeds, the cleaning effect of the second clothing roller is too low overall.
- the invention is therefore based on the object of creating a device of the type described at the outset which avoids the disadvantages mentioned, which in particular permits more uniform fiber guidance and permits improved cleaning of the fiber material.
- the interposition of the third clothing roller ensures that the first and second clothing rollers are spatially separated from one another are. It is essential that the three clothing rollers are connected in series, ie the second clothing roller interacts directly only with the third, but not with the first clothing roller. In this way, the second clothing roller only acts as a removal and opening roller with respect to the third and third clothing rollers only with respect to the first clothing roller.
- the spatial distance between the second clothing roller and the first clothing roller as a result of the third clothing roller (intermediate roller) has the advantage that influences in terms of ventilation are avoided.
- the third clothing roller acts as a take-off and opening roller with the first clothing roller, that is, that the clothing tips of the first and third clothing rollers are not in carding position
- the fiber material is additionally dissolved or stretched , so that the cleaning effect is improved by the second clothing roller.
- the intermediate roller thus has a double advantage, namely avoiding disruptive air currents on the first clothing roller and improving the fiber material resolution, so that an overall more uniform fiber material guidance and improved cleaning of the fiber material is achieved.
- a further improvement in the fiber flow is achieved in that the additional stretching on the third clothing roller makes the fiber occupancy on the second clothing roller more uniform; uneven spots in the fiber mat are stretched (pulled apart) by the second clothing roller.
- the direction of rotation of the third clothing roller is preferably opposite to the direction of rotation of the first and second clothing rollers. Because the material flow to the second clothing roller runs above the third clothing roller, there is again a stronger ventilation separation between the separation openings on the first and second clothing rollers. These two separation openings are ideally decoupled.
- the third clothing roller is expediently enclosed by a housing without separation openings and separation edges.
- the peripheral speed on the third clothing roller is preferably greater than on the first clothing roller. This also dissolves (stretches) the fiber material, which improves subsequent cleaning on the second clothing roller.
- the peripheral speed on the second clothing roller is advantageously greater than on the third clothing roller.
- the peripheral speed on the second clothing roller is lower than in the known case due to the activation of the third clothing roller (intermediate roller), which results in design advantages.
- the second clothing roller is expediently a device which separates the fibers from the transport air, for. B. sieve drum, dedusting machine or the like, connected downstream, the fiber material is fed by means of an air stream through a transport line.
- the second clothing roller is preferably followed by a fiber transport line with a material transport fan.
- An air intake slot is preferably provided in the vicinity of the fiber delivery point of the second clothing roller.
- suction of the transport air is achieved at a spatial distance from the separating edge and from the separating opening of the second clothing roller, so that not in un Contaminated contaminants are sucked in desirably.
- the suction air flow for the fiber material is separated from the flow of the contamination (trash), so that no trash is sucked off with the fiber flakes.
- the contaminants expediently fall out by centrifugal and gravity.
- the diameter of the second clothing roller and the diameter of the third clothing roller are expediently the same or almost the same. This improves the so-called critical speed of the second clothing roller.
- the common cover above the second clothing roller and the third clothing roller as a whole can preferably be moved away from the clothing rollers and moved back again.
- the device for opening and cleaning is preceded by a fiber feed device which has an upper reserve shaft and a lower feed shaft, from which the fiber material is fed to the feed device by a transfer device.
- the fiber material to be cleaned which is in particular cotton, is supplied in flake form to the cleaning device arranged in a closed housing 1. This takes place, for example, through a filling chute (not shown).
- the cotton wool is fed by means of a dining table 2 and a feed roller 3 with clamping of a first clothing roller 4, which is rotatably mounted in the housing 1 and rotates counterclockwise (arrow A).
- the clothing roller 4 is followed by a third clothing roller 5 and a second, small clothing roller 6.
- the set rollers 4, 5 and 6 are covered with a sawtooth set.
- Set roller 4 has a diameter of about 360 to 460 mm, z. B. 410 mm and a peripheral speed of about 15 to 21 m / sec., Z. B.
- Clothing roller 5 has a diameter of about 135 to 215 mm, z. B. 175 mm and a peripheral speed of about 19 to 25 m / sec., Z. B. m / sec. and clothing roller 6 has a diameter of about 70 to 130 mm, z. B. 100 mm and a peripheral speed of about 23 to 30 m / sec., Z. B. 26.5 m / sec.
- the clothing rollers 4, 5 and 6 are enclosed by the housing 1 or housing parts 17 to 25.
- the clothing roller 4 is thus in a closed housing, which leaves a separating opening 7 for the exit of fiber impurities, the larger of which is adapted or adaptable to the respective separation stage.
- the separating opening 7 is a separating edge 8, for. B. assigned a knife, which is suitably adjustably attached to the housing part 1a.
- the separating opening 7 is connected to the outside air through the opening 26 in the housing 1.
- the second clothing roller 6, which is smaller in diameter than the first clothing roller 4 and the third clothing roller 5, rotates at a higher speed than the clothing rollers 4 and 5, with its clothing tips 6a, as indicated, stand in the removal position for the clothing tips 5a of the third clothing roller 5.
- the clothing roller 6 can therefore be referred to in terms of its effect on the fiber material as a removal and opening roller.
- the clothing tips 5a of the clothing roller 5 are, as indicated, in the removal position from the clothing tips 4a of the first clothing roller 4.
- the clothing roller 6 can be connected via a fiber transport line 14 to a sieve drum (not shown).
- the fiber material is transported pneumatically by the air flow 16.
- the screen drum is connected to a suction device (not shown) in order to generate a vacuum inside.
- the negative pressure continues via the fiber transport line 14 to the clothing roller 6.
- the mode of operation is as follows: The wadding consisting of fiber flakes is fed from the feed roller 3 with clamping of the first clothing roller 4, which combs the fiber material and takes tufts of fibers on its clothing.
- the clothing roller 4 passes the separating opening 7 with separating edge 8
- short fibers and coarse impurities are thrown out of the fiber material by centrifugal force according to the circumferential speed and curvature of this roller and the size of the separating opening 7 adapted to this first separation stage.
- After passing through the separating opening 7 get into a dirt chamber 9 in the housing 1.
- the fiber material pre-cleaned in this way is removed from the first clothing roller 4 by the clothing tips of the third clothing roller 5, whereby it is further dissolved.
- the fiber material is then passed through the clothing tips of the second clothing roller 6 removed from the third clothing roller 5, wherein it is further dissolved and is guided past the separation opening 10 with separation edge 11. Since, in the second clothing roller 6, as explained above, the centrifugal force generated is greater than that of the first clothing roller 4, the finer dirt and dust particles contained in the fiber material are now separated from the separation opening 10.
- the separation of these finer impurities from the fiber material is promoted by the dissolution of the fiber material in individual fibers or at least very fine fiber flakes by means of the clothing roller 6.
- the impurities and fiber parts separated out at the separating openings 7 and 10 are expediently sucked off through pipes 12 and 13, respectively. This can be done continuously or discontinuously.
- the fiber material After passing through the separating opening 10, the fiber material detaches from the second clothing roller 6 due to the supply air entering via the suction slot 15 and the centrifugal force and passes through the fiber transport channel 14 to the screening drum. Fine and very fine impurities, such as dust and fiber fragments, pass through the perforated jacket of the rotating sieve drum and are drawn off by the suction air flow, while the fibers are deposited on the sieve drum and form a nonwoven fabric there, which is detached from the sieve drum and fed to further processing becomes.
- Fine and very fine impurities such as dust and fiber fragments
- the cotton is fed to the first clothing roller 4 by means of two feed rollers 3a, 3b (direction of rotation see arrows E, F).
- Two separation openings 7 and 7a with associated separation edges 8 and 8a are arranged below the clothing roller 4.
- the second clothing roller 6 could also be assigned a further separation opening 10a with a separation edge 11a (not shown).
- the clothing roller 6 is via the fiber transport line 14 to a downstream dedusting machine 27, for. B. TRÜTZSCHLER DUSTEX DX.
- the fiber material is separated from the dust air on a fixed screen surface 28.
- the fiber transport line 14 opens on the suction side of a fan 29.
- a fiber transport line 30 extends from the blower side of the fan 29.
- the diameter of the second clothing roller 6 and the diameter of the third clothing roller 5 are the same.
- the centrifugal force on the second clothing roller 6 is greater than the centrifugal force on the first clothing roller 4.
- the peripheral speed on the second clothing roller 6 is greater than the peripheral speed on the third clothing roller 5.
- the common cover 37 above the first clothing roller 4, second clothing roller 6 and third clothing roller 5 is mounted in the pivot bearing 38 and can be moved away and back as a whole.
- FIG. 4 shows the cleaning device arranged in the housing 1, which is preceded by a fiber feeding device 31 which has an upper reserve shaft 32 and a lower feed shaft 33.
- a slow-moving feed roller 34 and a high-speed opening roller 35 are arranged between the reserve shaft 32 and the feed shaft 33. From the lower end of the feed shaft 33, the fiber material is through a transfer 36, z. B. a conveyor belt, the feed rollers 3a, 3b of the cleaning device.
- Another advantage of the third clothing roller 5 is that the fiber material is accelerated from the first clothing roller 4 to the second clothing roller 6 via an intermediate stage; there is no abrupt acceleration, but acceleration that is gentle on the fiber material.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Preliminary Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE3826202 | 1988-08-02 | ||
DE3826202 | 1988-08-02 | ||
DE3906640 | 1989-03-02 | ||
DE3906640A DE3906640C2 (de) | 1988-08-02 | 1989-03-02 | Vorrichtung zum Öffnen und Reinigen von Fasergut, insbesondere Baumwolle |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0353482A2 true EP0353482A2 (fr) | 1990-02-07 |
EP0353482A3 EP0353482A3 (fr) | 1991-08-21 |
EP0353482B1 EP0353482B1 (fr) | 1994-03-23 |
Family
ID=25870737
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP89112264A Expired - Lifetime EP0353482B1 (fr) | 1988-08-02 | 1989-07-05 | Appareil pour ouvrir et nettoyer une matière fibreuse, notamment le coton |
Country Status (10)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US5033165A (fr) |
EP (1) | EP0353482B1 (fr) |
JP (1) | JP2766519B2 (fr) |
CN (1) | CN1035632C (fr) |
BR (1) | BR8903859A (fr) |
CH (1) | CH679224A5 (fr) |
ES (1) | ES2014373A6 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR2635122B1 (fr) |
GB (1) | GB2222607B (fr) |
IT (1) | IT1231429B (fr) |
Families Citing this family (15)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5218740A (en) * | 1990-04-12 | 1993-06-15 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Making rounded clusters of fibers |
DE3902202B4 (de) * | 1989-01-26 | 2004-09-23 | Trützschler GmbH & Co KG | Vorrichtung an einer Karde, bei der unterhalb der Trommel zwischen Abnehmer und Vorreißer Abdeckelemente angeordnet sind |
DE4039773C2 (de) * | 1990-01-23 | 2003-06-26 | Truetzschler Gmbh & Co Kg | Vorrichtung zum Öffnen und Reinigen von Fasergut, insbesondere Baumwolle |
IT1249331B (it) * | 1990-05-29 | 1995-02-23 | Marzoli & C Spa | Procedimento e dispositivo per l'apertura e la pulitura di materiale in fibre in un apritoio |
DE4018311C2 (de) * | 1990-06-08 | 1999-05-20 | Truetzschler Gmbh & Co Kg | Vorrichtung zum Reinigen und Öffnen von Textilfasermaterial, insbesondere Baumwolle, mit einer einer Zuführeinrichtung nachgeordneten rotierenden Stift- oder Nadelwalze |
JPH04245928A (ja) * | 1990-09-17 | 1992-09-02 | Truetzschler Gmbh & Co Kg | 紡績準備装置において木綿繊維塊から異物、特に金属片、木片、段ボール片、石など重い部分を分離する装置 |
JP3082969B2 (ja) * | 1990-09-17 | 2000-09-04 | ツリュツラー ゲゼルシャフト ミット ベシュレンクテル ハフツング ウント コンパニー コマンディトゲゼルシャフト | 木綿繊維用のカード、クリアラ機械などに設ける装置 |
DE4130147B4 (de) * | 1990-09-17 | 2005-08-11 | Trützschler GmbH & Co KG | Vorrichtung an einer Karde, Reinigungsmaschine o. dgl. für Baumwollfasern |
US5203052A (en) * | 1991-06-17 | 1993-04-20 | Phoenix Associates | Noise suppression box for fiber processing machinery |
US5737806A (en) * | 1994-05-26 | 1998-04-14 | Trutzschler Gmbh & Co. Kg | Apparatus for treating fiber and producing a fiber lap therefrom |
DE59907726D1 (de) | 1998-05-26 | 2003-12-18 | Rieter Ag Maschf | Schmutzabfuhr |
CN1314849C (zh) * | 2001-11-19 | 2007-05-09 | 赵庭义 | 棉花清杂机 |
US6615455B1 (en) * | 2002-09-16 | 2003-09-09 | Akiva Pinto | Fiber opening apparatus |
CH712825A1 (de) | 2016-08-19 | 2018-02-28 | Rieter Ag Maschf | Vorrichtung zur Bearbeitung von Fasergut. |
CH713895A1 (de) * | 2017-06-15 | 2018-12-28 | Rieter Ag Maschf | Vorrichtung zur Reinigung von Fasergut. |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2014673A (en) * | 1932-11-04 | 1935-09-17 | Technik & Invest Ag | Carding cleaning, opening, and like machine for textile fibers |
GB748640A (en) * | 1954-02-22 | 1956-05-09 | Basil Hamblett | Improvements in or relating to openers for cotton or other fibres |
GB888542A (en) * | 1958-09-19 | 1962-01-31 | Rieter Joh Jacob & Cie Ag | Improvements relating to a cleaner for fibrous material |
FR2360694A1 (fr) * | 1976-08-03 | 1978-03-03 | Schubert & Salzer Maschinen | Dispositif d'elimination des souillures d'une matiere premiere en fibres, en particulier du coton |
Family Cites Families (25)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB245226A (en) * | 1924-10-17 | 1926-01-07 | Frederic Prestwich | Improvements in and relating to machines for cleaning cotton, and the like, fibres |
US2589008A (en) * | 1947-07-03 | 1952-03-11 | Owens Corning Fiberglass Corp | Apparatus for forming fibrous mats |
GB849548A (en) * | 1956-08-16 | 1960-09-28 | Dodd Invest Ltd | An improved fibre cleaner |
GB992335A (en) * | 1960-08-09 | 1965-05-19 | Daiwa Spinning Co Ltd | Improvements in or relating to textile carding machines |
JPS5129531A (en) * | 1974-09-04 | 1976-03-12 | Toyoda Automatic Loom Works | Somenkiniokeru uebukuchizukesochi |
US4126914A (en) * | 1976-06-22 | 1978-11-28 | Cotton, Incorporated | Process and apparatus for treating fibrous materials for subsequent processing |
GB1591806A (en) * | 1977-01-21 | 1981-06-24 | English Card Clothing | Carding |
JPS5438929A (en) * | 1977-08-26 | 1979-03-24 | Chuo Menki Seisakushiyo Kk | Cotton opener |
CH639141A5 (de) * | 1978-04-05 | 1983-10-31 | Monor Ag | Vorrichtung zum auftrennen der baumwollabgaenge einer baumwollreinigungsmaschine in gutfasern und schmutz. |
ES241864Y (es) * | 1979-03-07 | 1979-11-16 | Dispositivo limpiador-abridor-peinador perfeccionado para fibras textiles en maquinas cardadoras. | |
DE2939861A1 (de) * | 1979-10-02 | 1981-04-23 | Schubert & Salzer Maschinenfabrik Ag, 8070 Ingolstadt | Vorrichtung zum ausscheiden von verunreinigung aus fasergut, insbesondere baumwolle |
US4512060A (en) * | 1982-09-30 | 1985-04-23 | Ppm, Inc. | Apparatus and methods for aeromechanical and electrodynamic release and separation of foreign matter from fiber |
US4519114A (en) * | 1982-12-15 | 1985-05-28 | Rhyne Fibers, Inc. | Apparatus and method for cleaning textile fiber |
US4524492A (en) * | 1982-12-23 | 1985-06-25 | Elliott Olin S | Carding apparatus and method |
DE3304571C1 (de) * | 1983-02-10 | 1984-05-03 | Trützschler GmbH & Co KG, 4050 Mönchengladbach | Vorrichtung zum Abscheiden von aufgeloesten Faserflocken aus einem Luftstrom,z.B. Flockenbeschickung fuer eine Karde |
DE3333750A1 (de) * | 1983-09-19 | 1985-04-18 | Trützschler GmbH & Co KG, 4050 Mönchengladbach | Vorrichtung und verfahren zum oeffnen und reinigen von fasergut |
DE3336323C2 (de) * | 1983-10-06 | 1985-12-12 | Trützschler GmbH & Co KG, 4050 Mönchengladbach | Vorrichtung zum Ausscheiden von Verunreinigungen, wie Trash, Schalenteile u. dgl. für eine Karde oder Krempel |
DE3336654A1 (de) * | 1983-10-08 | 1985-04-25 | Hergeth Hollingsworth GmbH, 4408 Dülmen | Speisevorrichtung fuer karden, krempel u. dgl. |
JPS6158570A (ja) * | 1984-08-31 | 1986-03-25 | Daiwa Package:Kk | 有機系資材の放射線殺菌法及びこの殺菌法を用いた非膨張包装袋 |
DE3535684C2 (de) * | 1985-10-05 | 1996-06-05 | Truetzschler Gmbh & Co Kg | Vorrichtung zur Speisung eines Öffners oder Reinigers für Textilfaserflocken |
US4637096A (en) * | 1985-10-18 | 1987-01-20 | Wise Industries, Inc. | Method and apparatus for cleaning cotton |
DE8610940U1 (de) * | 1986-04-22 | 1987-09-10 | Trützschler GmbH & Co KG, 4050 Mönchengladbach | Vorrichtung an einer Karde, Reinigungsmaschine o. dgl. für Baumwollfasern mit mindestens einem einer Walze zugeordneten Ausscheidemesser |
DE8705138U1 (de) * | 1987-04-07 | 1988-08-04 | Hergeth Hollingsworth GmbH, 4408 Dülmen | Vorrichtung zum Reinigen und Öffnen von Textil-Fasergut |
DE3731591A1 (de) * | 1987-09-19 | 1989-04-06 | Hollingsworth Gmbh | Vorrichtung zum ausscheiden von verunreinigungen aus einem fasergutstrom, insbesondere spinngutfasern |
DE3734145A1 (de) * | 1987-10-09 | 1989-04-27 | Hollingsworth Gmbh | Verfahren und vorrichtung zum reinigen und oeffnen von in flockenform befindlichem fasergut, z. b. baumwolle |
-
1989
- 1989-07-05 EP EP89112264A patent/EP0353482B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1989-07-13 CH CH2629/89A patent/CH679224A5/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1989-07-17 IT IT8921203A patent/IT1231429B/it active
- 1989-08-01 GB GB8917597A patent/GB2222607B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1989-08-01 JP JP1198095A patent/JP2766519B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1989-08-01 BR BR898903859A patent/BR8903859A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1989-08-01 CN CN89105590A patent/CN1035632C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1989-08-01 US US07/387,993 patent/US5033165A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1989-08-02 FR FR8910449A patent/FR2635122B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1989-08-02 ES ES8902743A patent/ES2014373A6/es not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2014673A (en) * | 1932-11-04 | 1935-09-17 | Technik & Invest Ag | Carding cleaning, opening, and like machine for textile fibers |
GB748640A (en) * | 1954-02-22 | 1956-05-09 | Basil Hamblett | Improvements in or relating to openers for cotton or other fibres |
GB888542A (en) * | 1958-09-19 | 1962-01-31 | Rieter Joh Jacob & Cie Ag | Improvements relating to a cleaner for fibrous material |
FR2360694A1 (fr) * | 1976-08-03 | 1978-03-03 | Schubert & Salzer Maschinen | Dispositif d'elimination des souillures d'une matiere premiere en fibres, en particulier du coton |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FR2635122A1 (fr) | 1990-02-09 |
IT1231429B (it) | 1991-12-04 |
JP2766519B2 (ja) | 1998-06-18 |
CH679224A5 (fr) | 1992-01-15 |
EP0353482A3 (fr) | 1991-08-21 |
CN1035632C (zh) | 1997-08-13 |
CN1040068A (zh) | 1990-02-28 |
GB2222607A (en) | 1990-03-14 |
US5033165A (en) | 1991-07-23 |
EP0353482B1 (fr) | 1994-03-23 |
GB2222607B (en) | 1993-03-31 |
IT8921203A0 (it) | 1989-07-17 |
FR2635122B1 (fr) | 1992-10-23 |
ES2014373A6 (es) | 1990-07-01 |
GB8917597D0 (en) | 1989-09-13 |
JPH02160926A (ja) | 1990-06-20 |
BR8903859A (pt) | 1990-03-20 |
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