EP0296382B1 - Selbstaufrichtende Mine - Google Patents

Selbstaufrichtende Mine Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0296382B1
EP0296382B1 EP88108606A EP88108606A EP0296382B1 EP 0296382 B1 EP0296382 B1 EP 0296382B1 EP 88108606 A EP88108606 A EP 88108606A EP 88108606 A EP88108606 A EP 88108606A EP 0296382 B1 EP0296382 B1 EP 0296382B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
mine
erecting
extension
erecting element
mine according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP88108606A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0296382A3 (de
EP0296382A2 (de
Inventor
Christoph Dipl.-Ing. Mathey
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Dynamit Nobel AG
Original Assignee
Dynamit Nobel AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Dynamit Nobel AG filed Critical Dynamit Nobel AG
Publication of EP0296382A2 publication Critical patent/EP0296382A2/de
Publication of EP0296382A3 publication Critical patent/EP0296382A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0296382B1 publication Critical patent/EP0296382B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B23/00—Land mines ; Land torpedoes
    • F42B23/005—Selfpropelled land mines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B23/00—Land mines ; Land torpedoes
    • F42B23/24—Details

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a self-righting mine according to the preamble of patent claim 1.
  • DE-A-33 44 601 describes a device for positioning a mine which has a first device which, when the mine is in the position with its direction of action pointing downward, tilts the mine onto the peripheral surface, whereupon a second device actuates which tilts the mine lying with the peripheral surface into a position in which its direction of action points upwards.
  • the known self-erecting mines have the disadvantage that, after they have been erected, they can easily fall over or be overturned. Although the mines are erected, there is a risk that they will fall over or be tilted due to wind pressure or mechanical force.
  • the erecting elements which are opened by spring pressure, produce a high torque in the initial phase of the opening movement, but this torque increases with increasing opening, so that the erecting elements have practically no stabilizing effect on the upright mine.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a self-righting mine of the type specified in the preamble of claim 1, which is secured against falling over without significant additional effort.
  • the erecting elements that are used to erect the mine are also used as stabilizing elements that prevent the mine from falling over. This is done in that the erecting elements are locked in the unfolded state against re-folding. In this way, the erection elements form cantilevers that extend the mine floor and practically form a wide, standing surface of the mine. Due to this large footprint, the mine weight, the effect of which can be imagined in the center of gravity of the mine body, exerts a high counter-moment to the moments caused by lateral forces.
  • the locking device which locks the erecting elements in the unfolded state, can have different constructions, which in individual cases depend on the construction of the mine, the intended use and the like. depend. Special configurations of the locking device are specified in the subclaims.
  • the mine shown in FIG. 1 has a cylindrical or rectangular mine body 10, on the top of which a dome-like head 11 is arranged.
  • Four erection elements 12 arranged circumferentially distributed are provided on the side of the mine body 10.
  • Each erection element 12 consists of two parallel leg springs, one leg 13 of which is tensioned in the unfolding direction, while the other leg is fixed in the housing of the lead body 10.
  • the legs 13 can be pivoted about the geometric axes 14.
  • the axes 14 are arranged in the vicinity of the bottom of the mine body 10 and the erecting elements 12 are first axially folded onto the mine body 10, where they are held in place by locking devices (not shown).
  • the erecting elements 12 are locked in the unfolded state, that is to say when they run essentially parallel to the bottom surface of the mine body 10. This creates a counter moment of size (Gxb), where b is the horizontal distance of the outer end of the erecting element 12 from the center of gravity S of the erected mine body.
  • the locking device which holds the erecting element 12 in the unfolded state, consists of two leg springs 15, the central parts of which are helically wound and arranged along a common axis.
  • the mutually adjacent legs 16 of the leg springs 15 are fixed in the mine housing 10, while the legs 17 facing away from one another together form an erection element 12.
  • These legs 17 are recessed in an axial channel 18, which extends on the outside of the mine body 10, in the folded state.
  • the legs 17 are biased so that they swivel 90 ° after release, as indicated by the arrow 19 in Fig. 4, and adjust parallel to the mine floor 20.
  • the windings of the leg springs 15 are accommodated in a recess 21 at the lower end of the lead body 10, which forms the spring housing.
  • the windings of the leg springs 15 are biased not only in the direction of unwinding, but also in the axial direction.
  • the legs 17 are therefore pressed against the side walls of the channel 18.
  • This channel 18 has at its lower end two lateral extensions 22, the upper ends of which shoulders 23.
  • the erection element 12 formed by the legs 17 could only be folded back into the channel 18 if the legs 17 were previously pressed against each other in the direction.
  • the recesses 22 extend over the entire depth of the spring housing 21, so that the legs 17 are pressed laterally over part of their length into the recesses 22.
  • the legs 17 of the two springs 15 forming the erection element 12 are enclosed in a ring with a clamp 25, as a result of which the erection element 12 is given greater spring rigidity.
  • the clip 25 can extend over the entire length of the erecting element 12 or over only a part of this length.
  • the legs 17 have a rectangular cross section, which also increases the spring stiffness.
  • the legs 17 have a circular cross section.
  • the locking device for blocking the erecting element 12 in the unfolded state consists of an oblique strut 26 which is designed as a three-joint strut.
  • the oblique strut 26 is articulated with a first joint 27 in the upper region of the mine body 10 and with a second joint 28 in the vicinity of the outer end of the erecting element 12.
  • the two parts of the oblique strut 26 are folded parallel to one another and are sunk in the lead body 10.
  • each oblique strut 32 is connected to the erecting element 12 via a joint 31.
  • a tension spring 55 acts on the oblique strut 32 and presses the other end of the oblique strut facing away from the joint 31 against the lead body 10.
  • Latches 33 are provided on the lead body 10, over the inclined flank of which the lead-side end of the inclined strut 32 slides when the erecting element 12 is folded out. When the end of the oblique strut has swept over the latching lug 33, it engages below the latching lug 33 on the lead body 10, as a result of which the erecting element 12 is locked on the steep flank of the latching lug in the unfolded state.
  • the strut 32 can also be designed as a hinge spring (flat spring) or an additional leg spring can be provided, which acts in the hinge 31 and strives to rotate the oblique strut 32 in the direction of the mine-side end of the erecting element 12.
  • the strut 32 itself can also be designed as a leg spring, the spring windings forming the joint 31.
  • each oblique strut 34 is fastened to the upper region of the mine body 10 via a joint 35.
  • a compression spring 36 strives to pivot the oblique strut 34 away from the lead body 10.
  • the lower end of the oblique strut 34 lies against the top or inside of the erected erecting element 12.
  • the lower end of the oblique strut 34 slides when the erecting element 12 is opened along a guide piece 37 which is arranged on the top of the erecting element.
  • the Guide piece 37 has a blocking lug which prevents the inclined strut 34 from pivoting further out when the erecting element 12 is in the fully unfolded state.
  • the angle which the oblique strut 34 forms with the mine-side section of the erecting element 12 is less than 90 °, so that the blocking is self-locking.
  • the compression springs 36 joint springs, flat springs or leg springs can also be provided in the joint 35 or the strut itself is designed as a flat spring or leg spring.
  • the oblique struts 38 consist of telescopic rods which engage with one end via a joint 39 on the upper region of the mine body 10 and with the other end via a joint 40 in the central region of the erecting element 12.
  • the two parts of the telescopic rod 38 are locked by a spring-loaded locking member 41, so that the telescopic rod 38 can then no longer be shortened.
  • the telescopic rod 38 can also be designed as a piston-cylinder unit and cause the erecting element 12 to fold out with a pressure medium or a spring.
  • the erection element 12 can also be unfolded at the same time by the force of this spring.
  • Fig. 14 and 15 show another embodiment of the locking device.
  • upstanding catch hooks 46 are provided on the bottom 45 of the mine body 10, the lugs of which point outwards (away from each other).
  • the parallel legs 17 of the erecting element 12 are when folded out over the outer inclined surfaces of the Catch hook 46 pushed and engage under the lugs of the catch hook above the base plate 45 (Fig. 15). In this way, the erecting element 12 is locked by the catch hook 46 in the unfolded state.
  • Fig. 16 shows an embodiment which is the same as that of Figs. 14 and 15 is similar. 16, the lugs of the catch hooks 47 point towards one another. The legs 17 of the erecting element 12 slide over these lugs and are locked on the mutually facing inner sides of the catch hooks 47.
  • either the catch hooks 47 can be resilient, or the elastic properties of the legs 17 are exploited so that the legs 17 can snap over the rigid catch hooks 46 and 47, respectively.
  • an extension 51 provided at the outer end of the erecting element 12, which can be folded around a joint 50.
  • the extension 51 is attached to the under the action of a drive, for example a spring drive the side of the erecting element 12 facing the mine body.
  • a drive for example a spring drive the side of the erecting element 12 facing the mine body.
  • the extension 51 folds outward by 180 ° around the joint 50, so that it lies in a common plane with the erecting element 12 and extends it outward.
  • the extension 51 can also be locked in the end position by a locking mechanism in order to prevent it from flipping back.
  • the length of the erecting element 12 in the exemplary embodiments of FIGS. 1 to 13 can correspond to a maximum of the height of the lead body 10
  • the effective length of the erecting element 12 together with the extension 51 in the embodiment of FIG. 17 is greater than the height of the lead body.
  • the erecting element 12 consists of a telescopic tube, in which the extension 52 is arranged to be longitudinally displaceable.
  • the extension 52 is folded up, the extension 52 is in the fully inserted state, the rod-shaped extension 52 being e.g. mine-side lock is held.
  • this lock is released and the extension 52 is pushed out of the erecting element 12 in the longitudinal direction by springs 54, a pyrotechnic set, or an electrical or hydraulic drive element.
  • the extension 52 can then be locked by the lock 43 if necessary.
  • the erecting element 12 has a rigid rod 54 which is firmly connected to the legs 17 of the springs 15.
  • the rod 54 consists of a U-profile, on the inside of which the legs 17 engage and which lies on the ground with its outside.
  • each erection element 12 consists of a U-shaped curved spring wire, which forms two substantially parallel legs 17. At the ends of the legs 17, helical leg springs 15 are formed (FIG. 25), the mutually facing ends of which are designed as legs 16, which are fixed in the lead body 10. The erecting element 12 can be swung out about the common axis of the leg springs 15.
  • the erecting elements 12 are housed sunk in vertical channels 18 of the mine body 10, the leg springs 15 being located at the lower end of the mine body, likewise sunk.
  • the upper ends of the erecting elements 12 are held together by a sheath wire 60 spanning the lead body 10. If the sheath wire 60 is opened, then all of the erection elements 12 drive outwards (FIG. 23) in order to lie on the ground in accordance with FIG. 24 in alignment with the mine floor.
  • an oblique strut 61 is attached, which consists of spring wire and the legs act in the manner of a leaf spring.
  • the outer region 61a of the oblique strut 61 lies flat between the legs 17 of the erecting element 12, as a result of which the outer region of the erecting element is reinforced.
  • the legs 17 and the region 61a of the oblique strut 12 are surrounded by a common clamp 25a. Raising element and area 61a of the oblique strut can also be connected to one another by spot welding or in some other way.
  • the spring region 61b which adjoins the reinforcement region 61a, is bent obliquely upwards from the plane of the legs 17 of the erecting element 12, its outer end 61c (in the relaxed state) is directed obliquely from below against the mine body.
  • the bending region 61b is bent without kinks in the manner of a natural bending line, as a result of which local stress concentrations are avoided when the spring region 61b is tensioned.
  • the bending region 61b can additionally be bent outwards towards its end 61c in order to reach a higher point of attack of the end 61c on the mine body.
  • the region of the resilient oblique strut 61 located near the end 61c can penetrate into the space between the turns of the two leg springs 15. In this way, it is possible to make the erection element relatively long towards the mine body and to accommodate the end 61c in the tensioned state in the joint region of the erection element.
  • the resilient oblique strut 61 presses against the bottom of the channel 18 and thereby comes into firm contact with the mine body. If the erecting element according to FIG. 23 is pivoted out and thereby reaches the position according to FIG. 24, then the oblique strut 61 springs up, the end 61c being positioned obliquely against the mine body. The end 61c does not have to press directly against the mine body, but can also be at a certain distance from it. By friction on the mine body or by an additional stop, the oblique strut 61 prevents the erecting element 12 from being able to fold back.
  • the axis 64 extends at right angles to the longitudinal direction of the erecting element and at right angles to its pivot axis.
  • the extension 63 is pivoted laterally over the legs of the erecting element, so that the extension 63 requires almost no additional space.
  • the extension 63 contains a spiral spring 65 which tends to drive the extension from the pivoted-in state (FIG. 25) to the pivoted-out state (FIG. 26).
  • the extension 63 In the pivoted-in state, the extension 63 is aligned with the erecting element 12, but is directed inwards (from the axis 64); in the pivoted-out state, the extension 63 is also aligned in the longitudinal direction of the erecting element 12, but outwards, that is, in the extension of the erecting element.
  • the extension 63 has almost half the length of the erecting element. Because the inside of the back 63a of the extension 63 abuts one of the legs 17 of the erecting element in each end position, there are stops which limit the pivoting movement of the erecting element in any direction.
  • a spring housing for the spiral spring 65 is not provided.
  • the inner end 65a of the spiral spring 65 is fixed with tabs 66 which are punched out of the sheet metal of the parallel surfaces of the extension 63 to form the axis 64 and bent into the interior of the extension.
  • the coil spring is fixed inside the extension 63.
  • the outer end 65b of the spiral spring 65 is fastened, for example welded, to one leg 17 of the erecting element 12 according to FIG. 29. In this way, the extension 63, without projecting rivet heads or the like, is kept as narrow as possible in order to take up little space in the channel 18.
  • a tongue 67 protrudes from that end of the extension 25 which, when folded, points upward in the mine body, that is to say in the vicinity of the axis 64.
  • This tongue 67 has a shape 68 through which the tether wire 60 (FIG. 21) runs.
  • the tongue 67 is provided with a hook 69 which, in the pivoted-out state, engages under one leg 17 of the upright element and is locked there with a cam (not shown) in order to block the pivoted-out extension 63 from pivoting back in again.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Refuge Islands, Traffic Blockers, Or Guard Fence (AREA)
  • Agricultural Machines (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
  • Road Signs Or Road Markings (AREA)
  • Clamps And Clips (AREA)
EP88108606A 1987-06-04 1988-05-30 Selbstaufrichtende Mine Expired - Lifetime EP0296382B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3718707 1987-06-04
DE3718707 1987-06-04
DE3733150 1987-10-01
DE19873733150 DE3733150A1 (de) 1987-06-04 1987-10-01 Selbstaufrichtende mine

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0296382A2 EP0296382A2 (de) 1988-12-28
EP0296382A3 EP0296382A3 (de) 1991-10-30
EP0296382B1 true EP0296382B1 (de) 1993-12-08

Family

ID=25856292

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP88108606A Expired - Lifetime EP0296382B1 (de) 1987-06-04 1988-05-30 Selbstaufrichtende Mine

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US4934274A (ja)
EP (1) EP0296382B1 (ja)
JP (1) JP2825493B2 (ja)
DE (2) DE3733150A1 (ja)

Families Citing this family (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3917661A1 (de) * 1989-05-31 1993-07-08 Diehl Gmbh & Co Unterwassermine
DE3917662C2 (de) * 1989-05-31 1996-12-12 Diehl Gmbh & Co Mine
DE3934979A1 (de) * 1989-10-20 1991-04-25 Dynamit Nobel Ag Sich selbst ausrichtende mine
DE4021685C2 (de) * 1990-07-07 1996-05-02 Rheinmetall Ind Gmbh Luftverbringbare Land-Mine mit Positioniereinrichtung
US5069136A (en) * 1990-09-14 1991-12-03 Honeywell Inc. Two-stage release mechanism and method for self-righting a load
DE4032631A1 (de) * 1990-10-15 1992-04-16 Rheinmetall Gmbh Abwerfbare mine
DE4037173A1 (de) * 1990-11-22 1992-05-27 Dynamit Nobel Ag Abwurfkoerper mit verbessertem aufrichtverhalten
US5107397A (en) * 1990-12-19 1992-04-21 At&T Bell Laboratories Technique for component placement and orientation to improve circuit pack cooling
DE4041113A1 (de) * 1990-12-21 1992-07-02 Dynamit Nobel Ag Selbstaufrichtende mine
DE4214225A1 (de) * 1992-04-30 1993-11-04 Dynamit Nobel Ag Selbstaufrichtende mine
GB2302395A (en) * 1995-06-16 1997-01-15 Numerica Limited Grenade
SE520209C2 (sv) * 2001-10-12 2003-06-10 Foersvarets Materielverk Handgranat innefattande anordning för att resa handgranaten från liggande till stående läge samt medel för att sända upp verkansdelen i luften innan brisad
US6606951B1 (en) * 2002-11-07 2003-08-19 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Bounding anti-tank/anti-vehicle weapon
US7544396B2 (en) * 2005-03-10 2009-06-09 General Electric Company Electrostatic coating composition comprising corrosion resistant metal particulates and method for using same

Family Cites Families (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2398794A (en) * 1941-07-30 1946-04-23 Wilson R Maltby Submarine mine
DE1800121C3 (de) * 1968-10-01 1981-06-11 Dynamit Nobel Ag, 5210 Troisdorf Vorrichtung zur definierten Positionierung von Abwurfkörpern, insbesondere Sprengladungen
BE795623A (fr) * 1972-02-18 1973-06-18 Dynamit Nobel Ag Mines a charge creuse pour usages multiples
DE2305677C2 (de) * 1973-02-06 1982-10-14 Diehl GmbH & Co, 8500 Nürnberg Sicherungsvorrichtung für einen Detonator eines Minenzünders
DE2437969A1 (de) * 1974-08-07 1979-02-15 Dynamit Nobel Ag Oberflaechenverlegbarer wirkkoerper
DE2743594C2 (de) * 1977-09-28 1982-12-23 Messerschmitt-Bölkow-Blohm GmbH, 8000 München Einrichtung zum Positionieren von zylindrischen Hohlladungsminen
FR2475716B2 (fr) * 1980-02-11 1985-11-29 France Etat Mine dispersable bidirectionnelle a charge formee
DE3344601A1 (de) * 1983-12-09 1985-06-20 Messerschmitt-Bölkow-Blohm GmbH, 8012 Ottobrunn Vorrichtung zur minenpositionierung
DE3638976C2 (de) * 1986-11-14 1993-12-23 Diehl Gmbh & Co Aufrichteinrichtung
DE3713424C1 (en) * 1987-04-22 1988-08-11 Honeywell Regelsysteme Gmbh Mine

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3733150A1 (de) 1988-12-15
US4934274A (en) 1990-06-19
JPS6428499A (en) 1989-01-31
EP0296382A3 (de) 1991-10-30
DE3886105D1 (de) 1994-01-20
JP2825493B2 (ja) 1998-11-18
EP0296382A2 (de) 1988-12-28

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