EP0033864B1 - Ski mit eine Rauhung aufweisender Polyäthylenlaufsohle - Google Patents

Ski mit eine Rauhung aufweisender Polyäthylenlaufsohle Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0033864B1
EP0033864B1 EP81100374A EP81100374A EP0033864B1 EP 0033864 B1 EP0033864 B1 EP 0033864B1 EP 81100374 A EP81100374 A EP 81100374A EP 81100374 A EP81100374 A EP 81100374A EP 0033864 B1 EP0033864 B1 EP 0033864B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
ski
grinding
teeth
effected
roughening
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP81100374A
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0033864A1 (de
Inventor
Franz Völkl
Heinz Müller
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Franz Voelkl & Co Ski und Tennis Sportartike GmbH
Original Assignee
Franz Volkl & Co Ski und Tennis Sportartikelfabrik KG GmbH
Franz Volkl & Co Ski und Tennis Sportartikelfabrik KG GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Franz Volkl & Co Ski und Tennis Sportartikelfabrik KG GmbH, Franz Volkl & Co Ski und Tennis Sportartikelfabrik KG GmbH filed Critical Franz Volkl & Co Ski und Tennis Sportartikelfabrik KG GmbH
Priority to AT81100374T priority Critical patent/ATE12588T1/de
Publication of EP0033864A1 publication Critical patent/EP0033864A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0033864B1 publication Critical patent/EP0033864B1/de
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63C—SKATES; SKIS; ROLLER SKATES; DESIGN OR LAYOUT OF COURTS, RINKS OR THE LIKE
    • A63C5/00—Skis or snowboards
    • A63C5/04—Structure of the surface thereof
    • A63C5/056—Materials for the running sole
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63C—SKATES; SKIS; ROLLER SKATES; DESIGN OR LAYOUT OF COURTS, RINKS OR THE LIKE
    • A63C7/00—Devices preventing skis from slipping back; Ski-stoppers or ski-brakes
    • A63C7/06—Tooth-shaped running sole-plates

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a ski, in particular a cross-country ski, with an outsole consisting of polyethylene or equivalent thermoplastic materials with the same sliding properties, which has a roughening which is easy to climb and has little impairment of sliding and which is formed by fine projections and which extends at least over the middle part the ski length extends into the vicinity of the tip region and the rear ski end and the layer thickness of which is approximately in the order of magnitude of 10- 'mm, the projections of the roughening formed from the aforementioned material of the outsole being inclined over their entire height towards the rear ski end.
  • the layer thickness here is the distance between the bottom of the valleys between the individual projections of the roughening and the tips of the projections, the level of the bottom and the level of the peaks being determined as mean values in view of the unevenness of the roughening existing in practice .
  • the statement that the projections are inclined towards the end of the ski should also include the fact that individual projections do not have such an inclination, as long as the number of these projections not having the inclination is negligibly small compared to the number of projections by definition.
  • order of magnitude is meant the order of magnitude corresponding to the power of ten, the delimitation of the order of magnitude being exponential with respect to the next or lower night, that is to say the order of magnitude 10 times the area to includes. This area can also be more easily defined in such a way that it ranges from about a third of the characteristic power of ten to about three times.
  • the roughening consists of grinding grooves in the polyethylene of the outsole which run transversely to the running direction. Accordingly, the roughening has a structure which is formed by alternating and merging contiguous, more or less sharp-edged ribs and valleys extending transversely to the ski length.
  • the flanks of the ribs facing the ski tip are inclined more flat on average than the flanks facing the end of the ski. Accordingly, the ribs can be addressed as slightly inclined in their entirety towards the end of the ski. In the tip areas of the ribs, these are frayed and inclined towards the end of the ski by post-treatment. This tendency towards the end of the ski is slight in the known skis.
  • the roughened area in the known skis extends at least over the central part of the ski length, a significant improvement is achieved in the known ski compared to other known skis with kick-off aid by means of ramp profiling insofar as the cross-grinding not only improves the sliding properties but also improves them the security against slipping back when climbing is also improved, at least on icy slopes.
  • the increased frictional resistance in the middle of the ski is not very annoying in the known skis, since the weight of the skier is not fully on the individual ski when gliding, while it is fully on the ski when pushing off and climbing in, and this means that it is with his middle part that bulges upwards presses down into the snow, so that the cross-profiling comes into greater engagement with the snow.
  • a ski which has an outsole made of plastic, such as polyester, epoxy, polyurethane or phenolic resin, in which a plush-like textile fabric is embedded in such a way that its upright fibers at least up to the sliding surface the outsole is enough.
  • the upright fabric fibers can have a slight curvature towards the rear end of the ski in their end regions.
  • the protrusion of the fiber tips from the sliding surface should be achieved by grinding the outsole sliding surface.
  • the textile fibers can protrude up to one millimeter from the outsole surface.
  • the outsole has a special plastic insert in the middle, i.e. under the binding.
  • the rest of the outsole is made of polyethylene.
  • the middle outsole area has a micro-profile in the form of irregularly shaped projections, which are referred to as crystals. Become this kri If the ski is pressed down when sliding, the tip-close half of these crystals will be tucked away, while the ski-side half of the crystals will retain their shape that protrudes from the tread practically unchanged. When the skier slides back, the crystals change their direction and lean towards the top. Accordingly, the push-off aid of this ski is nothing more than a friction-increasing coating in the middle of the outsole with all the typical defects of such.
  • the invention solves the problem of improving both the sliding properties and the ability to climb (ie the resistance of the ski to sliding back when climbing or pushing off) of the ski outlined at the beginning.
  • the skis according to the invention should be able to be provided with the desired climbing and push-off aid with little technical effort and in a perfectly repeatable manner.
  • the stated object is achieved by the further development according to the characterizing features of claim 1.
  • the exceptionally high density of the tooth arrangement makes the teeth almost look like a smooth polyethylene surface when sliding.
  • the teeth are so dense and so fine that they are no longer perceptible to the naked eye. In many embodiments of the invention, however, they can be felt by brushing the tread by hand in the direction of travel and the opposite direction as increased resistance when brushing against the direction of travel.
  • the projections of the roughening no longer consist of transverse ribs with ridges bent backwards, but of teeth bent or inclined in their entirety towards the end of the ski, irregularly arranged in great density.
  • the projections of the roughening in the invention are made of the same excellent sliding material as the outsole.
  • they do not have the shape of short thread or fiber ends, but the shape of teeth. They can also be inclined much more towards the plane of the outsole towards the end of the ski than is possible with the pile threads of a fabric. The same applies to the ski according to the catalog mentioned.
  • Teeth in the sense of the invention are protrusions of small thickness, which taper from their base to the outsole towards their free end, the free end being designed as a point or as a cutting edge, which in turn is formed from a plurality of teeth or as a continuous cutting edge can. If the teeth run out in a cutting edge, the cutting edge or the central course of the cutting edge, at least for the majority of the teeth, should run essentially transversely to the longitudinal direction of the ski and parallel to the surface of the outsole. It goes without saying that the cutting edge should point towards the end of the ski at least for almost all teeth. In many cases, the cutting edges of the teeth will also run out lobed and frayed, whereby the lobed parts can also be corrugated.
  • the load-bearing length of the ski ie practically the entire length with the exception of the shovel, can be covered with the tooth roughening according to the invention. It is best if the entire length of the ski is roughened. However, smaller interruptions in the roughening can also be provided.
  • the roughened area can also be shortened at the ends of the load-bearing ski length. In the lateral direction, the tooth roughening preferably also extends over the entire width of the ski, but the guide groove in the middle of the ski expediently remains smooth.
  • the entire layer of the teeth forms a closed surface which offers only a slight form resistance when sliding forward.
  • the low value of this low frictional resistance is also achieved by the irregular and jagged tips of the teeth, because due to their high flexibility they lie easily in the plane of the surface of the surface without preventing the teeth from slowing down in the snow when sliding backwards.
  • the ski according to the invention manages in particular without waxing at high temperatures.
  • temperatures below 273 K (0 °) it is advantageous to wax with liquid wax based on paraffin. This prevents ice build-up and the formation of snow tunnels and at the same time improves the sliding properties without impairing the climbing properties.
  • such growth is generally not necessary, especially at temperatures around or above 273 K (0 °).
  • the size of the teeth is very small in the invention.
  • the layer thickness of the rough layer formed by the teeth can be in the entire range of the order of magnitude of 10 mm, it is preferred that this layer thickness be between 0.06 mm and 0.1 mm. The best experience so far has been made with a layer thickness of approximately 0.08 mm.
  • the teeth should therefore be arranged close enough to prevent the ski from sliding on the surface area between the individual teeth, where each tooth would then have to plow through the snow.
  • the teeth are preferably arranged so closely that they overlap one another like the hair of a smooth fur or the scales of a fish and cover the outsole. Since they are made of the same material as the outsole, namely polyethylene (hereinafter referred to as PE for short), they have the good sliding properties of this material and thus hardly interfere with the forward sliding of it more than a smooth PE outsole surface.
  • PE polyethylene
  • the material specification PE also includes equivalent plastics with the same sliding properties should grasp. However, these should also be thermoplastic because of the ease of processing.
  • polyethylene as is commonly used as a ski outsole, is the right material for the outsole in the invention.
  • the shape of the teeth can vary. It is preferred that the teeth have a shark or wolf tooth-like profile in the longitudinal section of the ski. This information only refers to the basic shape of the teeth. Of course, surface inaccuracies or a fork in a tooth and similar variations are permissible.
  • the tooth shape to be aimed at in the invention is perhaps the easiest to describe as that of flat incisors and slender fangs.
  • the teeth can be frayed or serrated at their tips or free edges. This training often arises in the preferred method for producing the ski to be explained later and does not interfere. Some of the fringes will have run away relatively quickly shortly after using the ski.
  • the tread After wear of the tread due to intensive use and overflow of parts of the earth embedded in the snow, the tread can be provided with the desired serration again.
  • the length of the protrusions should be so large that the teeth can spread into the snow when trying to slide backwards with the ski. It must also not be too large, since if the teeth are formed too long, they can bend in an undesirable manner.
  • the length of the teeth is advantageously considerably greater than their greatest thickness in the longitudinal direction of the ski.
  • the length of a tooth is equal to the length of the tooth center line in the longitudinal section of the ski between the plane from which the field of teeth rises and the tip of the tooth, with any fraying that may start at the tip not being included.
  • the average length of the teeth is preferably approximately in the range from 0.08 to 0.2 mm, although the length of the individual tooth can deviate from this value not inconsiderably.
  • the average inclination of the teeth to the level of the skiing surface is advantageously at approximately 20 ° to 50 °, the lower part of the specified range being preferred.
  • the inclination of the tooth tips can be even stronger. The greater the inclination, the lower the sliding resistance. The inclination of the tooth tips can go down almost to 0 °.
  • the entire outsole is preferably made of this material.
  • the polyethylene is preferably a sintered and / or pressed.
  • the molecular weight of the polyethylene is advantageously in the range from 1 ⁇ 10 6 to 4 ⁇ 10 6 , preferably between 2 ⁇ 10 6 and 3 ⁇ 10 6 .
  • a suitable PE is, for example, supplied by
  • the layer thickness of the roughening is advantageously about 0.03 to 0.08 mm, better 0.04 to 0.07 mm. Skis with a layer thickness of 0.05 to 0.06 mm have proven themselves extremely well in tests.
  • the invention also includes a method of manufacturing the skis according to the invention.
  • This process for producing a ski with a polyethylene outsole which has at least on part of its surface a roughening which is easy to climb and has little impairment in sliding, and which has fine free teeth inclined towards the end of the ski, the layer thickness of which is of the order of 0.1 mm is based on the roughening of the tread by dry grinding with a coarse grinding wheel in such a way that a grinding pattern which is symmetrical with respect to the plane of symmetry of the ski is produced.
  • the preferably sintered outsole made of high molecular weight polyethylene (PE) is ground with a sufficiently high grinding performance in order to reach the crystallite melting area on the surface being ground.
  • the grinding performance here means the work converted into heat per unit time and area unit of the ground outsole surface in the form of machining work.
  • the fact that the crystallite melting range is reached means that, at least in the case of a high molecular weight polyethylene, an abrasive structure is achieved, as is the case, for example, with the procedure according to US Pat. No. 4,118,050. Rather, a large number of fine, protruding projections, which are in principle incisor-shaped to fangs-shaped, are produced on the surface.
  • the correct temperature range can usually be recognized by the fact that individual teeth are pulled out into long threads.
  • the grinding power consumed per unit area of the ski sole is primarily dependent on the contact pressure with which the ski is pressed against the grindstone or the stone against the ski, the cutting speed of the stone and the feed speed at which the ski moves past the stone becomes. If the process is carried out correctly, separate cooling is naturally not necessary, since the desired special surface structure is created only by the not inconsiderable heat generation that occurs in the process according to the invention.
  • the surface on which the contact pressure for generating the pressure acts is therefore the arcuate surface, which is in contact with the grinding wheel, between the flat, not yet machined surface of the outsole and the, in principle, also already machined surface from which the surface is made Raise teeth after the grinding process.
  • the surface, which is curved in the form of a circular arc and is in engagement with the grinding wheel, is the theoretically calculated surface, since in practice an exact pressure determination is not possible because of the roughness of the grinding wheel and the inaccuracy of other essential factors. Grinding is preferably carried out in two stages. A first sanding with a pressure of 5.5 to 7 bar is followed by a second sanding with a pressure of 0.7 to 0.8 bar.
  • Grinding is advantageously carried out in the longitudinal direction of the ski. However, in some cases it can also be advantageous if the grinding takes place in a direction which is at an acute angle to the longitudinal direction of the ski.
  • the acute angle should be quite acute, meaning that it should be considerably less than 45 °. Since the grinding should always be symmetrical with respect to the plane of symmetry of the ski in order to avoid a tendency to shift laterally, the grinding pattern will always have to have a V-profile when grinding at an angle to the longitudinal direction of the ski. This can be achieved by both ski halves with a separate one at a corresponding angle to the ski's longitudinal direction and ski advance direction. running axis rotating grinding wheel to be ground.
  • the grinding is expediently carried out, as is also obvious with regard to the desired tooth structure, from the tip of the ski to the end of the ski. Surprisingly, it has been shown that the desired structure occurs with such a grinding only when the cutting speed is about 800 m / min. or less. The cutting speed is about 850 m / min. or more, the grinding must take place from the end of the ski to the tip of the ski. This surprisingly necessary reversal of the feed direction occurs in any case in the above-mentioned working areas with regard to pressure, peripheral speed and feed.
  • the grinding is expediently carried out using a ceramic-bonded disk of medium to large porosity, that is to say with an open structure, since the risk of smearing the disk is the least.
  • a ceramic-bonded disk of medium to large porosity that is to say with an open structure, since the risk of smearing the disk is the least.
  • This regrinding is of particular importance if during dry grinding with a cutting speed in the range of approximately 800 to 900 m / min. is worked because in this area the desired orientation of the tooth inclination to the rear is not always achieved to a sufficient extent.
  • the high molecular weight polyethylene has a molecular weight of 1 x 10 6 to 4 x 10 6 , better of 2 x 10 6 to 3 x 10 6 .
  • the outsole design according to the invention is also suitable for alpine skiing. Especially for learners or older skiers, the often not noticeable reduction in speed when skiing downhill is not disturbing, while the considerable ease of climbing is perceived as a great advantage.
  • the superiority of a ski designed according to the invention with regard to sliding and repelling properties is particularly evident in snow in the range of 273 K and above, while at lower temperatures of about 265 K or less, icing on the outsole can occur. However, even at such temperatures, these can be easily removed by applying liquid paraffin wax to the outsole. In wet snow, the ski is even superior to waxed skis according to the invention.
  • the cross-country ski 1 shown in FIG. 1 has an outsole 2 made of high-molecular polyethylene with a molecular weight of approximately 2 ⁇ 10 6 .
  • the surface of the outsole 2, with which the latter glides over the snow, is provided by grinding with a plurality of teeth 3 inclined with its free end towards the ski end, which, as can be seen in FIG. 1, overlap and are arranged irregularly.
  • the teeth can be pointed in the manner of wolf teeth or fangs, such as. B. tooth 3a. However, they can also be provided with a mostly serrated edge, e.g. tooth 3b. Intermediate forms can also occur, such as for tooth 3c.
  • the teeth can occasionally wear light fringes 4 at their tips or cutting edges, which arise during grinding and are indicated in FIG. In Fig. The fringes are not drawn in order to better show the tooth shape.
  • the ski is first manufactured in the usual way and provided with the outsole made of high-molecular polyethylene - usually a low-pressure polyethylene. After finishing the ski surface and the ski flanks, the ski is first ground twice in succession using a grinding wheel of grain 30 made of normal or semi-precious corundum.
  • the grinding wheel has a medium to large porosity and is ceramic-bonded. It is trimmed with a sharp (not yet worn) diamond with only one tip, which was guided past the surface of the rotating grinding wheel to be dressed at a speed of approximately 320 to 330 mm per minute.
  • the grinding wheel is wider than the greatest width of the ski.
  • the ski is of common width.
  • the grinding wheel runs at a speed in the range of 500 to 800 revolutions per minute and has a diameter of 350 mm.
  • the tip of the ski is pushed past the grinding wheel, the surface of its outsole being pressed against the circumferential surface of the grinding wheel with a force of approximately 200 N during the first grinding and with a force of approximately 50 N during the second grinding is one such that the surface areas of the grinding wheel which are in engagement with the outsole move relative to the ski at a correspondingly high speed in the direction of the end of the ski.
  • the speed is advantageously 850 rpm or more with the same wheel diameter. If you change the disc diameter, the speed must be adjusted accordingly. Grinding is completely dry in both grinding processes.
  • the outsole surface is roughened to a depth of approximately 0.08 mm and the toothing shown in FIGS.
  • the surface structure of the outsole according to the invention is preferably applied to the entire outsole with the exception of the guide groove (if there is one), there is also the possibility, for example, of leaving a little bit more of the ski area smooth than the tip area at the front and a short part at the back .
  • the skier also has the option of waxing the tooth structure by ironing in paraffin at desired locations and thus adapting the sliding and climbing properties of the ski to the specific circumstances.

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  • Footwear And Its Accessory, Manufacturing Method And Apparatuses (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
  • Addition Polymer Or Copolymer, Post-Treatments, Or Chemical Modifications (AREA)
  • Polishing Bodies And Polishing Tools (AREA)
EP81100374A 1980-02-12 1981-01-19 Ski mit eine Rauhung aufweisender Polyäthylenlaufsohle Expired EP0033864B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT81100374T ATE12588T1 (de) 1980-02-12 1981-01-19 Ski mit eine rauhung aufweisender polyaethylenlaufsohle.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3005171 1980-02-12
DE3005171A DE3005171C2 (de) 1980-02-12 1980-02-12 Skilaufflächenausbildung mit einer eine Rauhung aufweisenden Niederdruck-Polyäthylenlaufsohle

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0033864A1 EP0033864A1 (de) 1981-08-19
EP0033864B1 true EP0033864B1 (de) 1985-04-10

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP81100374A Expired EP0033864B1 (de) 1980-02-12 1981-01-19 Ski mit eine Rauhung aufweisender Polyäthylenlaufsohle

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US4431209A (no)
EP (1) EP0033864B1 (no)
JP (1) JPS56156177A (no)
AT (1) ATE12588T1 (no)
CA (1) CA1164904A (no)
DE (2) DE3005171C2 (no)
NO (1) NO149988C (no)

Families Citing this family (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3005171C2 (de) * 1980-02-12 1986-07-24 Franz Völkl oHG, 8440 Straubing Skilaufflächenausbildung mit einer eine Rauhung aufweisenden Niederdruck-Polyäthylenlaufsohle
IT1157251B (it) * 1982-01-13 1987-02-11 Attilio Pronzati Lastra prodotta per stampaggio di una mescola di resina acetalica e resina fluorocarbonica, atta a costituire una superficie battistrada quale una soletta per sci, procedimento per produrla ed articolo finito che la comprende
EP0086939A3 (en) * 1982-02-19 1984-04-11 Karhu-Titan Oy Coating material and coating for a ski for varying snow conditions, and method of making the same
AT385669B (de) * 1982-12-23 1988-05-10 Trak Inc Kunststoff-laufflaechenbelag fuer skier
FR2587904B1 (fr) * 1985-09-30 1988-03-11 Rossignol Sa Semelle antirecul polyvalente pour ski de fond
FR2806316B1 (fr) * 2000-03-16 2002-10-25 Rossignol Sa Planche de glisse presentant une semelle structuree et procede d'usinage d'une telle semelle
US9290898B2 (en) 2012-02-20 2016-03-22 Ironhawk Industrial Distribution LLC Plow blade damping device and method
AT514124A1 (de) * 2013-03-22 2014-10-15 Fischer Sports Gmbh Aufstiegshilfe für einen Ski sowie Verfahren zur Herstellung
CA2956323C (en) 2016-01-27 2023-09-05 Ironhawk Industrial Distribution LLC Wear-resistant coating
EP3852888A1 (en) 2018-09-18 2021-07-28 Stephen S. Daniell Thrust-responsive surface material for skis
USD921702S1 (en) 2019-10-10 2021-06-08 Ironhawk Industrial Distribution, LLC Curb guard
USD926230S1 (en) 2019-10-10 2021-07-27 Ironhawk Industrial Distribution LLC Curb guard

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DE7223161U (de) * 1973-09-13 Mrklas L Ski für Langlauftraimng auf Kunst Stoffbahnen
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FR2301274A1 (fr) * 1975-02-21 1976-09-17 Bouchayer Gilles Ski de fond
DE2543712A1 (de) * 1975-10-01 1977-04-14 Merx Euro Sport Langlaufski
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DE2732091A1 (de) * 1977-07-15 1979-02-01 Martin Dipl Ing Mueller Hafteinrichtung fuer ski-laufflaechen
AT350945B (de) * 1974-01-31 1979-06-25 Kaestle Schweiz Ag Einsatzstreifen fuer skilaufflaechen
DE2927756A1 (de) * 1978-07-20 1980-01-31 Fischer Gmbh Verfahren und vorrichtung zur herstellung einer profilierten oberflaeche eines langgestreckten geraetes sowie danach hergestellter ski
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AT355467B (de) * 1977-09-26 1980-03-10 Kuntara Wilhelm Dr Ski, insbesondere langlauf- oder loipenski
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AT363017B (de) * 1977-12-02 1981-07-10 Trak Inc Ski-laufflaeche

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DE2610522A1 (de) * 1976-03-12 1977-09-15 Voelkl Ohg Franz Langlaufski
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JPS54143351A (en) * 1978-04-27 1979-11-08 Hasegawa Kagaku Kogyo Kk Method of making ski
US4223909A (en) * 1979-03-01 1980-09-23 Trak Incorporated Ski with improved three-dimensional running surface
DE3005171C2 (de) * 1980-02-12 1986-07-24 Franz Völkl oHG, 8440 Straubing Skilaufflächenausbildung mit einer eine Rauhung aufweisenden Niederdruck-Polyäthylenlaufsohle

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE7223161U (de) * 1973-09-13 Mrklas L Ski für Langlauftraimng auf Kunst Stoffbahnen
AT144674B (de) * 1934-01-02 1936-02-25 Ottmar Roehrl Gleitschutz für Skier.
CH182983A (de) * 1935-09-24 1936-03-15 Rene Mayus Marcel Ski.
CH541977A (de) * 1971-02-25 1973-09-30 Impex Finanz Und Verwaltungs A Langlaufski
AT350945B (de) * 1974-01-31 1979-06-25 Kaestle Schweiz Ag Einsatzstreifen fuer skilaufflaechen
FR2301274A1 (fr) * 1975-02-21 1976-09-17 Bouchayer Gilles Ski de fond
DE2543712A1 (de) * 1975-10-01 1977-04-14 Merx Euro Sport Langlaufski
US4118050A (en) * 1976-03-12 1978-10-03 Franz Volkl Ohg Ski having a three-dimensional running surface
DE2732091A1 (de) * 1977-07-15 1979-02-01 Martin Dipl Ing Mueller Hafteinrichtung fuer ski-laufflaechen
AT355467B (de) * 1977-09-26 1980-03-10 Kuntara Wilhelm Dr Ski, insbesondere langlauf- oder loipenski
AT363017B (de) * 1977-12-02 1981-07-10 Trak Inc Ski-laufflaeche
DE2927756A1 (de) * 1978-07-20 1980-01-31 Fischer Gmbh Verfahren und vorrichtung zur herstellung einer profilierten oberflaeche eines langgestreckten geraetes sowie danach hergestellter ski
DE2934309A1 (de) * 1978-09-12 1980-03-27 Kuusiston Suksi Ky Ski, insbesondere gelaende- bzw. wanderski
DE7924149U1 (de) * 1978-09-12 1980-08-14 Kuusiston Suksi Ky, Salpakangas (Finnland) Ski, insbesondere Gelände- bzw. Wanderski
DE7930841U1 (de) * 1978-11-03 1980-02-14 Blizzard Gmbh, Mittersill (Oesterreich) Lauffläche

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
Prospekt über den Kuusisto-Ski Neverwax aus dem Jahr 1979, Seite 360 des Winter-Katalogs 79/80 der Firma Sport-Scheck *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3005171A1 (de) 1981-08-20
NO149988C (no) 1984-08-01
DE3169773D1 (en) 1985-05-15
EP0033864A1 (de) 1981-08-19
ATE12588T1 (de) 1985-04-15
NO810467L (no) 1981-08-13
US4431209A (en) 1984-02-14
CA1164904A (en) 1984-04-03
DE3005171C2 (de) 1986-07-24
NO149988B (no) 1984-04-24
JPS56156177A (en) 1981-12-02

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