EP0012736A1 - Vorgefertigte Baueinheiten zur Herstellung von Gebäuden und Gebäude, deren Rohbau solche zusammengestellten Einheiten enthält - Google Patents

Vorgefertigte Baueinheiten zur Herstellung von Gebäuden und Gebäude, deren Rohbau solche zusammengestellten Einheiten enthält Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0012736A1
EP0012736A1 EP79870028A EP79870028A EP0012736A1 EP 0012736 A1 EP0012736 A1 EP 0012736A1 EP 79870028 A EP79870028 A EP 79870028A EP 79870028 A EP79870028 A EP 79870028A EP 0012736 A1 EP0012736 A1 EP 0012736A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
units
construction
frame
building
construction unit
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP79870028A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0012736B1 (de
Inventor
Jacques Wybauw
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Rebuild World Rbw Sa Te Luxemburg Luxemburg
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Individual
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Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from FR7834744A external-priority patent/FR2444130A1/fr
Priority claimed from FR7911027A external-priority patent/FR2455657A1/fr
Priority claimed from FR7914983A external-priority patent/FR2458638A2/fr
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP0012736A1 publication Critical patent/EP0012736A1/de
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Publication of EP0012736B1 publication Critical patent/EP0012736B1/de
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/348—Structures composed of units comprising at least considerable parts of two sides of a room, e.g. box-like or cell-like units closed or in skeleton form
    • E04B1/34815—Elements not integrated in a skeleton
    • E04B1/3483—Elements not integrated in a skeleton the supporting structure consisting of metal
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B2001/0053—Buildings characterised by their shape or layout grid
    • E04B2001/0076—Buildings with specific right-angled horizontal layout grid
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B2001/0053—Buildings characterised by their shape or layout grid
    • E04B2001/0084—Buildings with non right-angled horizontal layout grid, e.g. triangular or hexagonal
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/348—Structures composed of units comprising at least considerable parts of two sides of a room, e.g. box-like or cell-like units closed or in skeleton form
    • E04B2001/34892—Means allowing access to the units, e.g. stairs or cantilevered gangways

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the construction of buildings whose structural work is formed by superposition and juxtaposition of prefabricated construction units.
  • An object of the present invention is to realize, quickly and economically, multi-storey buildings, according to a light prefabrication technique which, while using pre-built elements Standardized products, however, allow great flexibility in the architectural design of the buildings it allows to construct, which can thus be suitable for multiple uses.
  • Another object of the invention is to produce buildings by assembling on site light prefabricated elements little diversified, easy to mass produce, easy to store and transport and easy to assemble and disassemble with one hand. unskilled work.
  • Another object of the invention is to produce buildings whose construction of the parts above the ground level can do without masonry work.
  • the prefabricated elements used can be assembled by simple bolting.
  • Another object of the invention is to produce buildings with several floors which, once constructed, can easily be enlarged or transformed for a new use or for their adaptation to new needs or requirements of the occupants, these buildings can even be entirely dismantled and reassembled in another place.
  • Another object of the invention is to produce buildings which, thanks to their extreme flexibility of architectural expression and to a simple and effective system for bringing them to temperature, are suitable for being built in any region and in all climates and which, in addition, are perfectly integrated into any existing urban site, thanks to their perfect adaptability to the layout of existing roads, streets and squares, due to the diversity of their shape and the number of their floors.
  • Another object of the invention is to integrate very easily under the buildings, in a technical vacuum resulting from the system itself, all the horizontal urban infrastructure pipes which are usually buried in the ground of the roads which serve the buildings.
  • the present invention relates to a system construction of the main structure of buildings by the on-site assembly of prefabricated building units undiversified.
  • Most of the construction units used also have an upper horizontal wall and and / or a lower horizontal wall.
  • An upper horizontal wall consists of a plate connected to the upper edge of said upper frame, thus representing the upper base of said prism, said plate being self-supporting and made of a construction material chosen from metal sheets, thick plywood. and the plates of reinforced plastic, so that the upper frame and the upper wall together form an empty box, open at the bottom.
  • a lower horizontal wall consists of a plate connected to the upper part of said lower frame, said plate being self-supporting and made of a material chosen from metal sheets, thick plywoods and plates of reinforced plastic, so that the lower frame and the lower wall together form an empty box, open at the bottom.
  • construction units according to the invention can also be made entirely or partially of wood.
  • wood and steel can be used simultaneously.
  • certain components of the construction units for example the upper and lower frames and possibly the upper and lower walls
  • the other components are made of steel.
  • Reinforced plastics can also partially intervene in the construction of construction units and more particularly to form the upper horizontal walls.
  • the general shape of the construction units is the same regardless of the materials used to make it.
  • the assembly means used to join together the constituent elements of the construction units must obviously be chosen according to the materials to be joined.
  • the construction unit has a lower horizontal wall, it is advantageous for the latter to be bordered, around its entire periphery, by a small rim directed upwards, projecting over a small height (for example of the order e 10 mm) above the upper side of the pa: lower.
  • the lower horizontal wall and / or the upper horizontal wall (constructinn units comprising such walls) have openings near the vertical edges of the construction unit.
  • the lower horizontal wall and / or the upper horizontal wall of a construction unit may comprise one or more openings of a size allowing the passage of a man, these openings being able to be closed by removable attached panels.
  • the rigidity of the lower and upper walls is preferably reinforced by means of stiffeners consisting of ribs fixed, by means known per se, against a face of its walls.
  • stiffeners of a lower wall are fixed against the lower face thereof; the stiffeners of an upper wall can be fixed against the lower or upper face thereof.
  • the lower and upper frames and the uprights of the construction units can also be reinforced by means of similar stiffeners.
  • these stiffeners are fixed against the faces directed towards the inside of the construction unit, so that no part of the construction unit projects beyond the faces of the prism represented by this construction unit. .
  • the construction unit takes the form of a straight prism having a standard height, common to all the construction units used for the construction of the same building; in addition, and according to a particular embodiment, at least two sides of the base of said prisms have a length which is equal to a reference length common to all the construction units used, or to a multiple of this reference length.
  • Construction units can be entirely factory built and transported as such to construction sites.
  • the invention also relates to a building whose structural work is formed, at least in part, by bolting of superimposed and / or juxtaposed units.
  • the building comprises one or more units which are not supported by their underside and which are fixed only by one or more of their lateral faces against one or more lateral faces of juxtaposed units.
  • the building according to the invention comprises a stack or several stacks spaced from one another, each formed of units resting on each other, each level of each stack being made up of a unit or two or more units juxtaposed side by side and assembled together, spacers providing a spacing between the upper edge of the upper frame of each unit of each stack and the lower edge of the lower frame of the unit which is superimposed on it, units which are not supported by their lower faces being fixed by one or more of their lateral faces against one or more of the free lateral faces of the units forming the said stacks.
  • said spacers are part of the construction units themselves and are constituted by the ends of the uprights of the units, these uprights extending beyond the lower edge of the lower frame and / or beyond the upper edge of the upper frame.
  • the units are equipped with vertical ducts installed in the corners of the units and over the entire height thereof, the said walls horizontal lower and / or upper comprising openings at the places where said corner sheaths end on such horizontal walls, the corner sheaths of a unit being connected, by means of appropriately shaped sleeves, with the sheaths corresponding corner dantes of the units located above and / or below, the corner sheaths interconnected thus forming continuous vertical sheaths.
  • Said continuous vertical sheaths can be used as technical sheaths containing pipes and / or cables.
  • the said continuous vertical ducts can also be used as flues for domestic households.
  • Said continuous vertical ducts can also be used to convey air for ventilation or air conditioning of the premises.
  • the said vertical ducts. or some of them are part of a radiation thermal conditioning installation which is capable of ensuring a suitable temperature inside the building, by creating an air circulation at an appropriate temperature, in a closed circuit, in the said continuous vertical ducts and in the empty spaces which separate the walls of units or of the group of units, the said empty spaces being completely isolated, by means of partitions, from the interior of the units and also from the atmosphere exterior; openings in the continuous vertical ducts put these in communication, at the various levels of the building, with the said empty spaces; continuous vertical ducts which open at the upper level of the building are connected to one or more outgoing ducts; several air return vents, in communication with the empty spaces between the units are installed on the upper level of the building, all these vents are connected to one or more inlet ducts; a fan, connected between the inlet ducts and the outlet ducts, provides air circulation in a closed circuit, the air being injected into the continuous vertical ducts, circu
  • the lower level of the building according to the invention comprises one or more technical galleries in which the cables and conduits which serve the building are installed and to which rising and descending columns which serve the various levels of the building, each technical gallery consisting of a series of units arranged one after the other and resting directly on the foundations.
  • the units shown in Figures 1 to 6 and 8 to 18 are made of metal and preferably steel. Other metals could also be used, but are generally less advantageous from the point of view of their price or from the point of view of their mechanical strength.
  • Certain components of the units can also be made of reinforced plastic.
  • Fig.l is an exploded view showing the main constituent parts of a rectangular base unit, according to the invention.
  • This unit includes: a lower frame 1, an upper frame 2 and four uprights 3.
  • a unit may also have an upper horizontal wall 4 and / or a lower horizontal wall 5. As will appear below, most of the units used in the construction of buildings have both an upper horizontal wall and a horizontal wall lower.
  • each upper horizontal wall has one or more openings 6 allowing the passage of a man and being able to be closed by removable attached panels.
  • the various constituent parts of a unit are made of metal and preferably of steel. Other metals are also suitable, but are generally less advantageous from the point of view of their price or their mechanical strength.
  • Each lower frame 1 or upper frame 2 can, for example, be produced by the assembly by welding of four strips of wide plates.
  • Each frame can however also be produced, with a single weld by means of a single wide dish suitably folded into a rectangular frame.
  • Each upright 3 has a V-shaped section and can be produced by right angle welding of two large plates or by right angle folding of a single large plate of double width.
  • the upper wall 4 consists of a sheet assembled, for example by welding, at the upper edge of the upper frame 2.
  • the lower wall 5 consists of an assembled sheet, for example by welding, to the lower frame 1 near the upper edge thereof.
  • the lower wall 5 is not disposed flush with the upper edge of the lower frame 1, but is offset slightly downwards, so that the upper part of the lower frame forms above from the bottom wall 5 a small rim, for example with a height of the order of 10 mm.
  • Fig.l still shows some execution details (reference numbers 10, 11, 15, 16 and 19) which will be commented on with reference to Fig.2 which represents a unit produced by assembling the constituent parts (figures reference 1-6) NEMUS - Rees above.
  • the openings of two opposite lateral faces are closed by means of reinforcement panels 7 made of large steel sheets provided with stiffeners 8.
  • Fig.l shows such panels 7 intended to close the openings of the two large side faces of a rectangular unit.
  • These panels 7 are securely fixed, for example by welding or bolting, to the uprights 3 and to the lower 1 and upper 2 frames, without protruding outwards beyond the side faces of the unit.
  • Such main panels 7 are provided.
  • ment rowr reinforce certain units without upper and lower horizontal walls, thus giving more stiffness to these structures.
  • the unit A shown in Fig. 2 assumes the shape of a rectangular parallelepiped.
  • This figure shows the various constituent parts 1 to 6 shown in Fig.l.
  • This figure also shows that the lower frame 1 is provided at its lower part with a rim 9, that the upper frame 2 is provided at its lower part with a rim 10 and that the vertical edges of the wings of the uprights 3 are provided with ledges 11. All of these ledges are right angle ledges facing the interior of the unit.
  • the long side of the base of said parallelepiped has a length equal to twice the length of the short side of this base.
  • the lower 1 and upper 2 frames, the uprights 3 and the upper 4 and lower 5 walls are reinforced by means of stiffeners designated by the reference numerals 12 to 16; these stiffeners may consist of metal ribs welded against the sheets or large plates which they reinforce; these stiffeners can also consist of metal profiles (for example L, U or C) bolted against these sheets or large plates.
  • stiffeners designated by the reference numerals 12 to 16; these stiffeners may consist of metal ribs welded against the sheets or large plates which they reinforce; these stiffeners can also consist of metal profiles (for example L, U or C) bolted against these sheets or large plates.
  • a manhole 6 is formed, delimited by stiffeners 13 and capable of being closed by a removable attached panel.
  • a second hole called 6 (arranged, for example, symmetrically with the first, with respect to the stiffener 14) can be formed in the upper wall 4.
  • Holes 17, allowing in particular the passage of pipes or cables, are provided in the lower frame 1 below the level of the lower wall 5.
  • each short side of the lower frame 1 is provided with a single hole 17 placed midway between the vertical edges of said frame, each long side of the frame 1 is provided with two holes 17.
  • each small face of. unit A is thus provided with four series of nine holes 13, located near the vertical edges of the construction unit.
  • Each large side face of unit A is provided with eight series of nine holes 18.
  • the arrangement of the holes 17 and 18 is such that, when two units A are placed, with one of their small lateral faces against a large lateral face of a third unit A (each small lateral face covering half of a large lateral face), the holes 17 and 18 of the contacting faces coincide.
  • the wings of the uprights 3 are also provided with bolt holes.
  • Openings 19 of triangular shape are formed in the upper 4 and lower 5 walls near each of the four vertical edges of the unit A. Along each vertical edge of the unit A, a corner sheath can thus be installed vertical opening on said openings 19 (See Fig. 29 and 30).
  • such a corner sheath is formed by mounting, parallel to a vertical edge of the unit A, a rectangular wall (not shown felt on the drawings) fixed by its vertical edges to the edges 11 of a post 3.
  • This rectangular wall which occupies the entire height between the floor and the ceiling, thus forms with the post 3 and part of the upper frame 2, a corner sheath of triangular section. It is generally advantageous to install such corner sheaths at the four corners of each unit A. However, when these sheaths are not desired in certain places, the openings 19 are closed by means of removable attached panels.
  • Unit C shown in Fig.3 is designed to be placed directly on a foundation or foundation footing, in reinforced concrete for example, to which it can be secured by means known per se.
  • Unit C is similar to unit A shown in Fig.2, but in the lower wall 5 are provided two manholes 6 which give access to the space between the lower wall 5 and the foundations. These manholes 6 are delimited by stiffeners 13 and can be closed by removable removable panels. In addition, the openings of the two small side faces of the unit C are closed, over most of their height, by panels 20 made of large sheets reinforced by stiffeners 21.
  • the two small side faces of the unit C are completely closed by panels. According to another embodiment, the two small side faces of the unit C are open and panels close the two large side faces (fully or up to a certain height).
  • Fig.4 shows a unit D which is designed to allow the installation of a spiral staircase for the passage between superimposed units.
  • Unit D is comparable to unit A, but the upper walls 4 and in 5 are each provided with a semi-circular cutout.
  • the semi-circular cutout of the lower wall 5 is located on the side of one of the large lateral faces and its center is located midway between the vertical edges of this large face.
  • the lower frame 1 is interrupted at the location of this opening.
  • a large flat 22 curved in a semicircle follows the edge of the wall 5 at the location of the cut.
  • This wide flat 22 is connected (e.g. by welding) to the edge of the wall 5 and a1so ⁇ to the lower frame 1 at the places where it is interrupted.
  • the bottom part 1 is provided with a series of bolt holes 23.
  • the rigidity of the unit D is reinforced in the region of said cut by means of a large reinforcing sheet 24 which itself has a semi-circular cutout.
  • the sheet 24 disposed horizontally under the wall 5 is connected (for example by welding) to the lower edge of the lower frame 1 and of the wide flat 22.
  • the reinforcing sheet 24 is also connected to the lower wall 5 by means of sheet metal parts 25 arranged vertically and fixed by means known per se to the wall 5 and to the edges of the sheet 24 located under this wall 5.
  • sheet metal parts 25 can be fixed in place by welding, but at least one part 25 must be detachably fixed (for example by bolting) so as to allow access to the bolt holes 23, on the inside of the lower frame 1.
  • the semi-circular cutout of the upper wall 4 is located vertically than that of the lower wall 5.
  • the semi-circular cutouts complement each other to form circular openings. rooms allowing the installation of a spiral staircase for the passage between superimposed D units.
  • unit D For the lower and upper levels of a spiral staircase, units comparable to unit D are provided, but only the upper wall or the lower wall of which is provided with a semi-circular cutout. The lower or upper part of the unit is then like in unit A.
  • units C and D can be fitted with corner ducts.
  • the lower frame 1 Over its entire inner periphery, the lower frame 1 is provided with a stiffener 26 located near its upper edge. This stiffener 26 is located at the level where the bottom wall 5 is located in a unit A.
  • the upper frame is provided at its upper part with a right-angle rim. 27 directed towards the inside of the frame 2.
  • the two large lateral faces of the unit B are closed by means of reinforcement panels 7 made of large steel sheets provided with stiffeners 8. These panels 7 are fixed securely, for example by welding or by bolting, to the edges of the uprights 3 and lower 1 and upper 2 frames and thus contribute to the rigidity of the unit B. In FIG. 5, one of the two panels 7 is shown with partial cutaway.
  • Units comparable to unit B are also provided, but provided either with a lower wall (identical to wall 5 of unit A) or with an upper wall (identical to wall 4 of the unit A). Such units are used for the lower or upper levels of a stairwell or an elevator or hoist shaft.
  • prefabricated bearings 28 are installed there, for example by bolting or welding. Between the landings 28 'are fixed prefabricated flights of stairs 29 (two per floor). The small side face of the unit B which is located on the side of a mid-level landing is closed by means of an attached panel (not shown).
  • the unit J shown in Figure 6 assumes the shape of a right prism whose base is an equilateral triangle.
  • the structure of a J unit is similar to that of an A unit.
  • a unit J comprises a lower frame 30, an upper frame 31, three uprights 32, an upper wall 33 and a lower wall 34; the uprights 32 have a V-shaped section whose wings form an angle of 60 ° between them.
  • the lower frame 30 is provided at its lower part with a rim 9
  • the upper frame 31 is provided at its lower part with a rim 10
  • the vertical edges of the wings of the uprights 32 are provided with rims 11. All these rims are ledges at right angles to the interior of unit J.
  • each side face of the unit J is identical to a large side face of a unit A and is provided with two holes 17, per putting the passage of pipes or cables, and eight series of bolt holes 18.
  • Fig.l to 6 illustrate only some of the units according to the invention shown by way of nonlimiting examples.
  • Fig.7 schematically shows various forms of units according to the invention, shown in plan, on a small scale. Most of these units shown in Fig. 7 are not shown or described in detail, but their structure is similar to that of the units described above.
  • All the units shown in Fig.7 affect the shape of a straight prism and, in accordance with an advantageous embodiment of the invention, all these prisms have an identical height; in addition, at least two sides of the base of said prisms have a length which is equal to a reference length common to all the units, or to a multiple of this reference length.
  • the height of each prism is, for example, 3.075 mm and said "reference length" is 2.250 mm. Of course, these dimensions are given by way of nonlimiting example.
  • All of these units comprise a lower frame, an upper frame and uprights connecting together the said lower and upper frames.
  • the shape of the said frames obviously corresponds to the shape of the base of the prism; the uprights always have a V-shaped section and each upright is arranged so that its edge forms a vertical edge of the prism and that its wings are oriented along the lateral faces of the prism.
  • Some units also have lower and upper walls; in Fig. 7 such units are shown hatched.
  • the units A, B, C, D, and E all have a rectangular base, the short side of this base has a length equal to the "reference length", the length of the long side of the base is equal to the double the called "reference length”.
  • the units A, B, C, D have been described above with reference to Figs. 1 to 5.
  • Unit E is similar to unit A. but it has in its upper and lower walls a circular opening allowing the installation of a spiral staircase for the passage between superimposed construction units.
  • the units F, G and H are respectively analogous to the units A, B and E, but they have a square base, the sides of which have a length equal to the "reference length".
  • the units J, K, L and M all have a base in the shape of an equilateral triangle whose sides have a length equal to twice the "reference length".
  • the K unit is quite similar to the J unit, but it has neither upper nor lower walls.
  • Its lower frame 30 is provided, over its entire inner periphery, with a stiffener 26 located near its upper edge.
  • Its upper frame 31 is provided at its upper part with a right-angle rim 27 directed towards the inside of the frame 31.
  • the L unit is designed to be placed directly on a foundation or foundation sole; the unit L is very similar to the unit J, but in its lower wall are provided one or more manholes which give access to the space between the lower wall 5 and the foundations.
  • the unit M is also similar to the unit J, but in its upper and lower walls are formed circular openings allowing the installation of a spiral staircase for the passage between superimposed construction units.
  • the units N and P also have a base in the shape of an equilateral triangle; however, the sides of this base have a length equal to the "ref length rence ".
  • the units N and P are respectively analogous to the units J and M.
  • the Q and R units have an isosceles trapezoid base, three sides of which have a length equal to the "reference length” and the fourth side of which has a length equal to twice this "reference length”.
  • the units Q and R are similar to the units J and M, that is to say that the unit Q has upper and lower walls and the unit R has upper and lower walls in which are housed. circular openings for the installation of a spiral staircase.
  • the units S and T have a base in the shape of a right triangle whose shortest side has a length equal to the "reference length” and whose hypotenuse has a length equal to twice this "reference length". For the rest, the S and T units are analogous to the J unit.
  • U and W units are similar to S and T units, but their upper and lower walls have a semi-circular cutout. These semi-circular cutouts are located on the side of the larger of the two side faces forming between them a right angle.
  • units U and W are comparable to that of unit D and can be easily understood by referring to Fig. 4. It will be understood that the assembly of a unit U and a unit W suitably juxtaposed forms a structure comparable to a unit M.
  • the Y and Z units have an isosceles triangle base. For the rest, these units have a structure similar to unit J.
  • Unit Y has a base in the form of an isosceles triangle, the two equal sides of which have a length equal to twice the "reference length”.
  • the third side of the triangle has a length which can be chosen according to the needs of the construction. According to a particular embodiment, this third side has a length equal to the "length of reference ".
  • the unit Z has an isosceles triangle-shaped base, the two equal sides of which have a length equal to the "reference length".
  • the third side can be chosen as required.
  • Fig. 7 The series of units shown in Fig. 7 is not exhaustive. Other forms of units can be easily imagined. The units can be assembled together in very many combinations, which makes it possible to compose the most diverse buildings.
  • the units are produced by assembling, by known means, elements prefabricated in the factory.
  • FIG. 8 shows the prefabricated elements whose assembly by bolting allows the production of a unit A similar to that shown in FIG. 2.
  • the uprights 3 are provided at each end and on each wing. of a series of nine bolt holes 18 and the angles 39 are provided with thirty-six bolt holes.
  • unit A During assembly on site, the elements of unit A are first assembled using a countersunk bolt for each countersunk hole. In this way, no bolt head projects beyond the lateral faces of the unit A.
  • the assembly thus produced is strong enough for the unit to be lifted by a crane and put in the place it should. occupy in a building under construction.
  • Fig.9 illustrates a very advantageous way of stacking the constituent parts of a unit A as shown in Fig.8, for storage and transport.
  • the lower part of the unit A is inverted so as to form a flat metal container in which the four uprights 3 and the eight angles 39 are placed; it is also possible to place in said tank a box of bolts and nuts and other accessories necessary for the construction of the building; the upper part of the unit A is deposited on the lower part, in the manner of a cover, thus forming a container which can be easily stored or transported.
  • three or four of these containers can be stacked on a truck.
  • All the construction units according to the invention can be produced by assembling elements factory-prefabricated., analogously to what is shown in Fig. 8, and for most of these units, the component parts can be stacked in a similar manner to what is shown in Fig. 9.
  • Fig.10 illustrates another embodiment of a unit A by assembling prefabricated elements in the factory.
  • the vertical frames 40 and 41 and the angles 42 are provided with bolt holes 18 and provided at their upper part with a flange 27 which allows the fixing by bolting of the upper wall 4.
  • the lower wall 5 is bolted to horizontal stiffeners 43 carried by the lower part of the vertical frames 40 and 41. These stiffeners 43 are slightly offset downward relative to the upper edge of the lower part of the frames 40 and 41.
  • the stiffeners 43 are located flush with the upper edge of the lower part of the frames 40 and 41 (therefore forming ledges at right angles).
  • the wall 5 is provided with small right-angled edges directed upwards. These small flanges consist, for example, of small metal ribs welded or screwed along the edges of the wall 5. When the unit is assembled and the wall 5 is bolted to such stiffeners 43, these small flanges are found in the extension of the sheets which form the vertical frames 40 and 41.
  • All building units according to the invention can be made by assembling prefabricated elements, analogously to what is shown in Fig.10.
  • Fig.ll shows the prefabricated parts whose assembly by bolting allows to form a large square base unit A bis; the lower part of this unit A bis is formed of two parts each corresponding to a lower part of a unit A (of the type shown in Fig.8). These two parts are assembled side by side using thirty six bolts.
  • the upper part of the unit A bis is formed in the same way by the assembly of two parts each corresponding to an upper part of a unit A (of the type shown in FIG. 8).
  • a unit A the assembly between the uprights 3 and the lower and upper parts is done by bolting, using angles 39.
  • the rigidity of the unit A bis is increased by means of four large plates 44 provided with bolt holes 18. Each wide plate is bolted against the outer face of two short sides of frame 1 (or frame 2) which it thus links together.
  • FIG. 12 is a detail view, on a large scale, (with cutaway), showing the system for assembling the units at the meeting point of eight units A (of the type shown in FIG. 8), four units A (Aa, Ab.
  • Unit Aa is above unit Ae
  • unit Ab is above unit Af
  • unit Ac is above unit Ag
  • unit Ad is located above the Ah unit.
  • each element shown is designated by its reference number followed by the reference letter corresponding to the unit to which it belongs.
  • the bottom wall of the unit Ab will be called 5b and the top wall of the unit Af will be called 4f. Note that no element of the Ah unit is visible in Fig. 12.
  • the uprights 3 of four juxtaposed units A together form a single pillar which has a cross-section in the form of a potent cross.
  • a rib 45b is welded against the upper surface of the wall 5b.
  • the lower walls 5 of all the units are provided with such ribs 45 near each opening 19.
  • the ribs 45 and the flanges formed by the frames 1 above the walls 5 offer. many advantages. They prevent in particular that the liquids spilled on the upper surface of a wall 5 cannot penetrate into the corner sheaths or between the juxtaposed frames 1.
  • the ribs 45 form support points for fixing the panels constituting the corner sheaths.
  • the edges formed by the frames 1 above the walls 5 form supports which are particularly suitable for installing panels of all types (generally light partitions) which close the openings. greenery between juxtaposed units.
  • Spacer pieces 46 are interposed between the superimposed units A. These spacers 46 consist of hollow sections (of metal) of rectangular section and they are placed between the rim 9 of a unit A and the outer edge of the wall 4 of the unit A located below. Spacers 46 can thus be arranged around the entire periphery of the units A. According to another embodiment, spacers 46 are however inserted between superimposed units only near the four corners of these units. . The lower and upper faces of the spacers 46 are provided with bolt holes which correspond to the bayonet holes 18 formed in the flanges 9 and the walls 4 of the units A. The superimposed units A can thus be secured to each other at by means of threaded rods 47 and nuts 48.
  • sound absorbing seals are interposed between the contact surfaces of the units assembled together.
  • Such seals can in particular be interposed below and / or above the spacers 46.
  • the elements 49, 50, 51 and 52 are U-shaped profiles, the two short parallel branches of which constitute kill edges 9 and 26 respectively (for elements 49 and 50) or edges 10 and 27 (for elements 51 and 52).
  • In the elements 49 and 50 are provided holes 17 which allow in particular the passage of pipes or cables.
  • the uprights 53 consist of steel angles.
  • the vertical edges of the wings of the uprights 53 are provided with right-angled flanges 11 directed towards the interior of the unit A.
  • These flanges 11 can be formed by folding the vertical edges of the wings of the uprights 53, but they can also be formed by welding a small angle along each vertical edge of the uprights 53 (against the face of these wings which forms the interior angle of the angle).
  • the lower 54 and upper 55 horizontal walls are steel sheets made by cutting the four corners of rectangular steel sheets, so as to provide openings 19 near each of the four vertical edges of the unit A, when the various elements are assembled to form this unit (See Fig. 14).
  • the lower wall 54 is welded to the edges 26 of the "lower frame” formed by the elements 49 and 50 but it projects beyond the outer lateral faces of this frame, forming (with respect to these lateral faces) small edges of which the width is equal to the thickness of the wings of the uprights 53.
  • the upper wall 55 is similarly welded to the flanges 27 of the "upper frame".
  • the elements 49, 50, 51 and 52 and the uprights 53 are provided, near their ends, with a series of bolt holes 18 which make it possible to assemble together (by bolting) the various constituent elements, to form the unit A as shown in Fig. 14 and which also allow bolting together of the units A side by side.
  • the ends of the uprights 53 project beyond the lower edge of the "lower frame” (elements 49 and 50) and the upper edge of the “upper frame” (elements 51 and 52).
  • the projecting part of these uprights 53 comprises at least one row of holes 18.
  • the edges of the lower 54 and upper 55 walls are in line with the external faces of the uprights 53. It should be noted that the ends of the constituent elements of the "frame lower "(elements 49 and 50) do not touch. This "lower frame" is therefore interrupted at each of its corners. The same goes for the "senior manager".
  • Stiffeners 56 are welded against the underside of the lower 54 and upper 55 walls. These stiffeners 56 preferably consist of U-shaped profiles (or C-shaped profiles), the open side of which is arranged downwards.
  • the sections which form the "upper and lower frames", the uprights 53 and the stiffeners 56 can all be produced by cold profiling of dishes or large dishes.
  • the lower part of unit A is formed by assembling elements 49, 50, 54 and 56 by welding.
  • the upper part of unit A is formed in an analogous manner with elements 51, 52, 55 and 56.
  • the unit A is then formed by bolting the lower part, the upper part and the four uprights 53. It is generally advantageous that this bolting assembly is not done in the factory which manufactures the prefabricated elements, but of course the construction site (of the building) or near it.
  • the lower and upper parts and the uprights 53 can indeed be very easily stacked so that all of the constituent elements of the unit A then occupies a small volume.
  • Fig.16 illustrates a very advantageous way of stacking the constituent parts of a unit A as shown in Fig • 14, for storage and transport.
  • the lower part of the unit A is inverted so as to form a flat metal container in which the four uprights 53 are placed; we can also put in the said bin a box of bolts and nuts and other accessories necessary for the construction of the building; this bin is. then closed by the upper part which acts as a sort of cover. Because the "lower and upper frames" are interrupted at their corners, the lower and upper parts can be nested one inside the other.
  • the constituent elements of the unit A thus stacked form a kind of container which can be easily stored or transported.
  • the height of this container is only slightly greater than the height of a "frame" so that, for road transport, five or six of these containers can be stacked on a truck.
  • the "upper and lower frames” need not be interrupted at all four corners. According to an alternative embodiment, the "upper and lower frames” are each interrupted at only one of their corners. According to another alternative embodiment, the "lower frame” is complete, that is to say it is not interrupted at any of its corners, while the “upper frame” is interrupted at two opposite corners.
  • Fig.17 shows the prefabricated parts whose assembly by bolting makes it possible to form a large unit with rectangular base A duo; the lower part of this unit A duo is formed of two parts each corresponding to a lower part of a unit A (of the type shown in Fig.l4). These two parts are assembled side by side by bolting.
  • This bolting assembly involves two elements 57 which have a T profile. Each element 57 is composed of a rectangular steel plate 58 and a smaller rectangular steel plate 59 welded perpendicularly to the middle. of the rectangular dish 58.
  • the rectangular dish 58 has a thickness which is equal to the thickness of the wings of the uprights 53; the rectangular dish 59 has a thickness which is equal to twice the thickness of the wings of the uprights 53.
  • the plates 58 and 59 are provided with bolt holes 18 which are arranged so as to correspond with the bolt holes 18 of the elements 49 and 50.
  • the steel plate 59 (of the element 57) is interposed between the elements 50, while the steel plate 53 is applied against the outer face of the elements 49.
  • the assembly is done by means of a series of bolts and nuts.
  • the upper part of unit A duo is formed in the same way by the assembly by bolting of two .parties each corresponding to an upper part of unit A (of the type shown in Fig.l4).
  • This bolting assembly also involves two elements 57.
  • the lower and upper parts of the A duo unit are joined together by four uprights 53 in a manner identical to that which is done for the A units (of the type shown in FIG. 14).
  • Figure 18 is a detail view, on a large scale, (with cutaway), showing the unit assembly system at the meeting point of four units A (of the type shown in Fig. 14), two units (Ar and As) being superimposed on two other units (At and Au).
  • each element shown is designated by its reference number (as in Fig ⁇ 14) followed by the reference letter corresponding to the unit to which it belongs.
  • the bottom wall of the unit As will be called 54s and the top wall of the unit Au will be called 55u.
  • the amount 53s extends beyond the lower edge of the elements 49s and 50s.
  • the amount 53u overflows above the upper edge of the elements 51u and 52u.
  • the uprights 53s and 53u are assembled together by bou lonnage, by means of joint covers 60.
  • the uprights 53r and 53t are assembled together in the same way (this is not visible in Fig.18).
  • the uprights 53r and 53s are assembled together by means of a series of bolts which pass through the holes 18.
  • the uprights 53t and 53u are assembled together in the same way.
  • a rib 61s is welded or screwed against the upper surface of the lower wall 54s.
  • the lower walls 54 of all. the units are provided with such ribs 61 near each opening 19.
  • the elements 50r and 50s are not contiguous. In fact they are separated by a distance which is equal to twice the thickness of the wings of the uprights 53. The same is true for the elements 52t and 52u.
  • small ribs 62 are fixed against the upper face of these walls.
  • These small ribs 62 consist, for example, of small metal bars, having a square section of 1 cm side, welded or screwed to the walls 54.
  • These small ribs 62 can however also be made of polymeric plastic material; in this case they are glued to the walls 54.
  • Fig. 19 is a detail view similar to that of Fig. 18, but it shows the assembly system at the meeting point of four units A (Aw, Ax, Ay and Az) of a somewhat different type .
  • the Aw, Ax, Ay and Az units have a structure similar to that of unit A which is shown in Fig. 14 and they have identical uprights 53 (made of steel).
  • the "upper and lower frames” and the upper and lower walls are made of wood (not steel).
  • a “lower frame” is composed of beams of walls 63 and 64.
  • An “upper frame” is composed of wooden beams 65 and 66.
  • the lower walls 67 and upper 68 consist of very thick plywood.
  • the rigidity - of the walls 67 and 68 is reinforced by means of wooden or metal stiffeners (not shown).
  • the Aw, Ax, Ay and Az units are analogous to the Ar, As, At and Au units and the system for assembling the units together is the same.
  • Fig. 20 shows, by way of example, the structural work (unfinished) of a building according to the invention.
  • the lower level of this building consists of a technical gallery 69 in which cables and conduits 70 (water, gas, electricity, sewers, etc.) are installed which serve the building and to which rising and falling columns 71 are connected. in the empty spaces between successive stacks of pairs of building units.
  • This technical gallery 69 is formed of a series of units C (only one of which is visible in the drawing) arranged one after the other and resting directly on a foundation sole 72 to which they are fixed by means known per se.
  • the C units are placed side by side and assembled together in pairs (by their large side face); a spacing (for example of 30 cm) is provided between the successive pairs of C units.
  • Each pair of units C carries a stack of sub-assemblies which are each formed by assembling two units A or two units side by side. The units of the same stack rest on each other, but a spacing is provided between the upper edge of the upper frame of each unit and the lower edge of the lower frame of the unit which is superimposed on it (as shown in Figures 12, 18 and 19).
  • sub-assemblies Against the free lateral faces of the subsets of said stacks are attached.
  • other sub-assemblies also formed of an assembly of two units. Most of these sub-assemblies are formed by the assembly of two units A. Some of these subassemblies attached to the overhang are however formed by the assembly of a unit A and a unit B. The units B arranged vertically from one another form a stairwell.
  • Figs. 21 to 25 schematically illustrate some of the many possibilities for assembling rectangular base units (A, B, C, D and E) arranged in an orthogonal mesh.
  • Fig. 21 shows the structure of a building, the base of which consists of a horizontal sole 73 and two vertical reinforced concrete sails 74, which support the whole building.
  • the lower level of the building is made up of series of units each formed of three units assembled end to end by their small side faces; each of these series of three units forms a "bridge" structure whose only ends rest on the sails 74.
  • the units located at the ends of each series are designated by the reference number 75. Between two units 75 is arranged a unit 76 attached to the previous two by its small side faces.
  • Each series composed of two units 75 and one unit 76 carries a stack of series of three units composed of two units 77 and one unit 78 attached to each other in the same way as units 75 and 76.
  • the horizontal sole 73 and the sails 74 form a gallery in the basement which can in particular be used as a garage for vehicles, free of intermediate support points.
  • the building shown in Fig.21 can be broken down into “sections” each comprising three lower level units arranged "in a bridge" (two units 75 and one unit 76) and all the units arranged above these three units.
  • a space is left between the said "slices” or between some of them.
  • the so-called “slices” are bolted together two by two, but a space is left between the pairs of "slices” juxtaposed.
  • This arrangement thus created between the successive "sections” or at least between some of them voids designated by the reference VI.
  • These VI voids communicate with the VI voids that exist between the units arranged one above the other.
  • the voids VI constitute channels for a thermal conditioning installation by radiation which is capable of ensuring a suitable temperature inside the building.
  • the corner sheaths which have been described above (with reference to Fig. 2) play an important role in such a thermal conditioning system.
  • This thermal conditioning system in fact consists in creating an air circulation at an appropriate temperature, in a closed circuit, in the said corner sheaths and in the voids VI which separate the walls of units or groups of units.
  • said voids VI are completely isolated, by means of partitions, from the interior of the units and also from the external atmosphere.
  • Said partitions include facade panels and also attached panels arranged in the appropriate places on the lower and upper levels of the building.
  • the vertical VI voids are isolated from the interior of the units by appropriate conduit-fittings which pass through these VI voids. Openings in the said continuous vertical corner sheaths connect them, on the various floors of the building, with the said empty spaces VI. Air.
  • a heat exchanger (caloriferous or refrigerating machines) preferably installed on the upper level of the building, is injected into the said continuous vertical ducts (GV) from which it escapes, through the openings in these continuous vertical ducts GV. and is thus distributed in the voids VI at the various levels of the building.
  • the air contained in these voids goes up to the upper level of the building where air intake vents are installed from where this air returns to the said heat exchanger through a fan which ensures the circulation of air .
  • Fig. 22 shows a building, the lower level of which has two technical galleries in which cables and pipes are installed which serve the building.
  • Each of these technical galleries consists of a series of C units arranged one after the other and resting directly on the foundations.
  • Each unit C carries a stack of rectangular units 79 resting on one another with the interposition of spacers 46.
  • units 80 attached by their small lateral faces against the small lateral faces of the 79 units; these units 80 are thus arranged "in bridge" between pairs of units 79.
  • Against the units 79 are hung, in cantilever, units 81.
  • These units 81 are attached by one of their small lateral faces against a small face lateral of a unit 79.
  • Units 80 and 81 do not rest directly on the ground and they do not rest on each other.
  • the C units and the 79 units stacked on top of these C units are thus the only ones to support and transmit to the building foundations the loads and overloads of the whole structural work thus produced, the units hung in cantilever (81) or "in bridge" (82) not exerting the stresses of their own weight and their overloads only on the 79 units to which they are fixed.
  • the panels 20 which partially close off the small lateral faces of the units C prevent the earth from entering the technical gallery. However, since there is an opening between these panels 20 and the upper frame 2 of the units C, it is thus possible to have access, through the technical gallery, to the space situated between the ground and the units 80 and 81 on the ground floor. - floor.
  • VI voids which communicate with the VI voids which exist between the superimposed units.
  • Figure 23 shows a building which comprises series of rectangular units 82 juxtaposed and superimposed on each other (with the interposition of spacers 46), forming parallel "sections".
  • each of these series of units is made up of two of these "sections" separated by a void VI.
  • the series of units located at the end of the building includes only one "section”.
  • Each series of units forms a sort of thick hollow load-bearing wall serving as support for floors 83.
  • These floors 83 are in fact double floors consisting of two parallel horizontal walls separated by an empty space 84.
  • the combination of the voids VI and 84 offer the possibility of creating a thermal conditioning system similar to that described above.
  • Fig. 24 shows a building which has two series of rectangular units 85; each of these series forms a kind of thick hollow load-bearing wall serving as support for beams 86 which can carry a roof or a platform.
  • a building of the type shown in Fig. 24 can be used, in particular, as a hanger, a sports hall, etc.
  • These "hollow walls” offer the advantage that one can make there move people and things horizontally and vertically and that vertical and horizontal pipes can be installed there.
  • the buildings shown in Figs. 21. 22. 23 and 24 are all made up of rectangular base units. Most of the units used in the construction of these buildings are A units. However, in places where it is desired to install a spiral staircase, some of these A units are replaced by E or D units. In addition, certain series units arranged vertically from one another may consist of units B so as to thus form a stairwell or an elevator or hoist shaft.
  • Fig. 25 is a perspective view of a building produced by assembling units with a rectangular base 87 (chosen from units A, BC, D and E), large units with a triangular base 88 (chosen among the units, J, K, L and M), small units with triangular base 89 (chosen from units N and P) and units, with trapezoidal base 90 (chosen from units Q and R) Just as in previous buildings, some of these units are stacked on top of each other with the interposition of spacers 46, thereby creating an empty space VI.
  • Figs. 26 to 28 are schematic plan views of some types of buildings achievable by means of the units according to the invention.
  • Fig.26 shows a building made only by means of rectangular base units 87 arranged.supporting an orthogonal mesh; this schematic plan view corresponds, for example, to the building shown in Fig.2l.
  • Fig. 27 which shows another type of building made using rectangular base units 87, shows the possibility of having an offset in the horizontal grid of the plane.
  • Such offsets possibly combined with vertical offsets that it is easy to realize between stacks of units at the place where they are separated by vertical VI voids, give the possibility of adapting the buildings to the layout of the roads and the contour lines of the land.
  • Fig. 28 is a schematic plan view of an architectural complex. It can be noted that the construction of this complex involves units with rectangular bases 87 (chosen from units A, B, C. D and E), large units with triangular bases 88 (chosen from units J, K, L and M), small triangular base units 89 (chosen from units N and P) and trapezoidal base units 90 (selected from units Q and R). Some of the constituent units of this building can be arranged either in cantilever, or "bridge". Certain groups of construction units surround empty spaces, thus creating skylights 91.
  • the structural work of the buildings carried out by means of the units of the invention is completed by an envelope made up of facades and roofs.
  • the facades are obviously parallel to the vertical walls of the units located on the periphery of the building. They close the whole, saving or not, according to the needs and in the appropriate places, between them and the cells of the periphery of the building, an empty space which communicates with the spaces which exist between the superimposed units and possibly also with the spaces voids between "slices" of the building.
  • These facades can be made of light materials and are, in this case, attached by means known per se to the units which are at the periphery of the building, taking advantage of the numerous orifices for bolts which the vertical walls of all the units.
  • Balconies, terraces or passageways can be hung on the units located on the periphery of the building, by means of hanging elements that cross the facades.
  • the facades can however also be made of heavy materials, in masonry for example. In this case, they must be built against or near the peripheral units and must be seated on their own foundations.
  • roofs are carried by higher level units; when the building comprises units arranged in cantilever or "bridge", it is generally preferable that the roofs do not bear on them, but only on the stacks of units which rest on each other.
  • These roofs can have the most diverse shapes and can be made of very diverse materials according to regions, climates and the shape of buildings.
  • Rainwater can be discharged directly to the outside or be led to vertical pipes which will advantageously find their place in the voids VI or in the corner ducts.
  • Figs. 29 and 30 schematically illustrate the circulation of forced air in a thermal conditioning installation of a building of the type shown in Fig. 20.
  • the air brought to a suitable temperature by a heat exchanger 92 (caloriferous or refrigerating machine) passes through CD outlet pipes and descends into the continuous vertical ducts GV.
  • the air conveyed by the GV ducts escapes through holes 93 made in the sleeves which connect the corner ducts of the construction units to each other; this air is thus distributed in vacuum VI to all levels of the building.
  • the air contained in the empty space VI thus rises to the upper level of the building where air intake vents are installed. (not shown) connected to sheets which, at the upper level of the building, enclose the spaces between neighboring units.
  • the vacuum VI is completely isolated (by means of partitions) from the interior of the units and also from the external atmosphere.
  • the sheets on which the air intake vents are connected form the partition between the vacuum VI and the space between the roof T and the units on the upper floor.
  • the space under the roof can also be part of the air circulation network of the thermal conditioning installation. This can be done in particular by connecting, at appropriate locations, air outlet vents (calibrated) to the CD outlet ducts and air intake vents to the CA inlet ducts. In this way, part of the air passing through the heat exchanger 92 circulates in the space between the roof T and the units of the upper floor, thus bringing the ceilings of these units to a suitable temperature.
  • Thermally insulating panels forming a continuous horizontal partition 94 below the ground floor of the building, are fixed to the edges 9 of the construction units which form the ground floor, by means of metal fasteners which provide a spacing (for example of about ten centimeters) between these flanges 9 and the partition 94. In this way, the air which is injected under the floors of the construction of the ground floor, can pass under these edges 9 and go back up into the void VI.
  • construction units can be fitted, on the ground, with facade elements, partitions, various pipes and apparatus, before being installed by means of cranes, to form buildings. . This work can be carried out on the assembly line in fairgrounds.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Panels For Use In Building Construction (AREA)
  • Joining Of Building Structures In Genera (AREA)
  • Load-Bearing And Curtain Walls (AREA)
  • Residential Or Office Buildings (AREA)
  • Conveying And Assembling Of Building Elements In Situ (AREA)
  • Rod-Shaped Construction Members (AREA)
EP79870028A 1978-12-11 1979-11-26 Vorgefertigte Baueinheiten zur Herstellung von Gebäuden und Gebäude, deren Rohbau solche zusammengestellten Einheiten enthält Expired EP0012736B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR7834744 1978-12-11
FR7834744A FR2444130A1 (fr) 1978-12-11 1978-12-11 Systeme de construction de batiments a plusieurs etages, par assemblage d'elements prefabriques
FR7911027A FR2455657A1 (fr) 1979-05-02 1979-05-02 Systeme de construction de batiments par assemblage d'unites de construction metalliques prefabriquees
FR7911027 1979-05-02
FR7914983 1979-06-12
FR7914983A FR2458638A2 (fr) 1979-06-12 1979-06-12 Systeme de construction de batiments a plusieurs etages, par assemblage d'elements prefabriques

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EP0012736A1 true EP0012736A1 (de) 1980-06-25
EP0012736B1 EP0012736B1 (de) 1983-07-13

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EP (1) EP0012736B1 (de)
AR (1) AR221389A1 (de)
AT (1) ATA755079A (de)
AU (1) AU530363B2 (de)
BR (1) BR7908052A (de)
CA (1) CA1129617A (de)
CH (1) CH635641A5 (de)
CU (1) CU21044A (de)
DD (1) DD147702A5 (de)
DE (2) DE2965875D1 (de)
DK (1) DK523979A (de)
ES (1) ES257026Y (de)
FI (1) FI793850A (de)
GB (1) GB2040334B (de)
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IE (1) IE49009B1 (de)
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IT (2) IT1119965B (de)
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EP0365512A1 (de) * 1988-10-21 1990-04-25 Rebuild World S.A. Vorgefertigte Bauelemente zur Errichtung von Gebaüden und Bauverfahren zur Errichtung von Gebaüden mittels dieser Bauelemente
EP0440594A1 (de) * 1990-02-02 1991-08-07 Jacques Wybauw Gerippe für mehrstöckiges Gebäude und Gebäude mit solch einem Gerippe
WO1996018775A1 (de) * 1994-12-12 1996-06-20 Fritz Zimmermann Baustruktur mit vorgegebener primär- und variabler sekundärstruktur
AT402417B (de) * 1994-03-08 1997-05-26 Krines Manfred Wärmeisoliertes gebäude
EP0826840A1 (de) * 1996-09-03 1998-03-04 Rebuild World RBW S.A. Bauzelle
WO1998054418A1 (fr) 1997-05-29 1998-12-03 Rebuild World Rbw S.A. Ossature de batiment
WO2001088293A1 (fr) * 2000-05-12 2001-11-22 Rebuild World Rbw, S.A. Ossature de batiment
AT411609B (de) * 2002-09-16 2004-03-25 Dolinsek Rene Dipl Ing Gebäude bzw. fertigteilhaus in modularer stahlskelettbauweise
BE1015141A3 (fr) 2002-10-14 2004-10-05 Rebuild World Rbw Sa Ossature de batiment.
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GB2219016A (en) * 1988-05-25 1989-11-29 Blackbourne And Mccombe Ltd Building of panels connected by brackets
EP0365512A1 (de) * 1988-10-21 1990-04-25 Rebuild World S.A. Vorgefertigte Bauelemente zur Errichtung von Gebaüden und Bauverfahren zur Errichtung von Gebaüden mittels dieser Bauelemente
FR2638181A1 (fr) * 1988-10-21 1990-04-27 Wybauw Jacques Unites de construction prefabriquees pour la realisation de batiments et procede de realisation de batiments au moyen de ces unites de construction
EP0440594A1 (de) * 1990-02-02 1991-08-07 Jacques Wybauw Gerippe für mehrstöckiges Gebäude und Gebäude mit solch einem Gerippe
BE1003666A3 (fr) * 1990-02-02 1992-05-19 Wybaum Jacques Ossature pour batiments.
AT402417B (de) * 1994-03-08 1997-05-26 Krines Manfred Wärmeisoliertes gebäude
CH687089A5 (de) * 1994-12-12 1996-09-13 Zimmermann Fritz Baustruktur mit vorgegebener Primaer- und variablee Sekundaerstruktur.
WO1996018775A1 (de) * 1994-12-12 1996-06-20 Fritz Zimmermann Baustruktur mit vorgegebener primär- und variabler sekundärstruktur
EP0826840A1 (de) * 1996-09-03 1998-03-04 Rebuild World RBW S.A. Bauzelle
WO1998054418A1 (fr) 1997-05-29 1998-12-03 Rebuild World Rbw S.A. Ossature de batiment
WO2001088293A1 (fr) * 2000-05-12 2001-11-22 Rebuild World Rbw, S.A. Ossature de batiment
AT411609B (de) * 2002-09-16 2004-03-25 Dolinsek Rene Dipl Ing Gebäude bzw. fertigteilhaus in modularer stahlskelettbauweise
BE1015141A3 (fr) 2002-10-14 2004-10-05 Rebuild World Rbw Sa Ossature de batiment.
EP3584379A1 (de) * 2018-06-20 2019-12-25 Renson Sunprotection Screens NV Verbessertes modulares gebäude und segmente
BE1026403B1 (nl) * 2018-06-20 2020-01-30 Renson Sunprotection Screens Nv Verbeterd modulair gebouw en segmenten

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IT7969369A0 (it) 1979-12-10
TR22071A (tr) 1986-03-11
OA06422A (fr) 1981-07-31
KE3638A (en) 1986-06-20
IT1119965B (it) 1986-03-19
IE49009B1 (en) 1985-07-10
IL58909A0 (en) 1980-03-31
CU21044A (en) 1982-03-28
US4364206A (en) 1982-12-21
DD147702A5 (de) 1981-04-15
GB2040334A (en) 1980-08-28
NO794015L (no) 1980-06-12
EP0012736B1 (de) 1983-07-13
ES257026Y (es) 1982-06-01
AR221389A1 (es) 1981-01-30
DE7934285U1 (de) 1980-06-26
GR73603B (de) 1984-03-26
CA1129617A (en) 1982-08-17
NZ192297A (en) 1983-07-15
GB2040334B (en) 1983-05-11
AU530363B2 (en) 1983-07-14
AU5330379A (en) 1980-07-10
BR7908052A (pt) 1980-07-08
DE2965875D1 (en) 1983-08-18
LU81973A1 (fr) 1980-07-01
IT7953791V0 (it) 1979-12-10
MY8500986A (en) 1985-12-31
ATA755079A (de) 1985-03-15
PL128820B1 (en) 1984-03-31
PT70541A (fr) 1980-01-01
DK523979A (da) 1980-06-12
IL58909A (en) 1982-04-30
MA18642A1 (fr) 1980-07-01
ES257026U (es) 1981-12-16
PL220316A1 (de) 1980-10-20
CH635641A5 (fr) 1983-04-15
FI793850A (fi) 1980-06-12
IE792375L (en) 1980-06-11

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