EP0440594A1 - Gerippe für mehrstöckiges Gebäude und Gebäude mit solch einem Gerippe - Google Patents

Gerippe für mehrstöckiges Gebäude und Gebäude mit solch einem Gerippe Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0440594A1
EP0440594A1 EP91870018A EP91870018A EP0440594A1 EP 0440594 A1 EP0440594 A1 EP 0440594A1 EP 91870018 A EP91870018 A EP 91870018A EP 91870018 A EP91870018 A EP 91870018A EP 0440594 A1 EP0440594 A1 EP 0440594A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
beams
uprights
tower
upright
frame
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Withdrawn
Application number
EP91870018A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Jacques Wybauw
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Individual
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Individual
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP0440594A1 publication Critical patent/EP0440594A1/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/348—Structures composed of units comprising at least considerable parts of two sides of a room, e.g. box-like or cell-like units closed or in skeleton form
    • E04B1/34815—Elements not integrated in a skeleton
    • E04B1/3483—Elements not integrated in a skeleton the supporting structure consisting of metal

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a framework for a multi-storey building, as well as a building comprising such a framework.
  • frameworks are well known. They consist of columns and beams which are most often made up of H-shaped profiles, or tubes of rectangular section, or a combination of these two types of profiles, which are joined together, the more often by bolting, by means of assembly members of more or less complicated shapes at the location of the assembly nodes, that is to say at the meeting point of the columns and beams.
  • the nodes of such frames are generally small and therefore do not give them sufficient rigidity so that the frames can do without additional bracing. These braces most often constitute an obstacle to the free use of space inside buildings.
  • Such frames are very rarely systematic. Consequently, they do not generate standardization of the manufacture and implementation of all the components of the building complementary to this fundamental component which is the framework, such as floors, false ceilings, partitions, stairs, facades, balconies, loggias and all technical building equipment such as heating, ventilation, air conditioning, sanitary and electrical installations.
  • Beams and columns are often coated with such frameworks, totally or partially, of plates, panels, projected materials or even concrete.
  • One of the functions of these coatings is to hide the beams, the columns and above all the assembly nodes with their organs and their bolts and to make them more similar in appearance to reinforced concrete frames, both for reasons of 'aesthetic, when the framework is visible, and for reasons of ease of connection with complementary components such as partitions for example, often disturbed by the shapes of beams and metal columns, especially H-beams, and by projections of their assembly members and their bolts.
  • the present invention aims to allow the construction of light frames for multi-storey buildings with a minimum of different parts which are simple to manufacture and very simple and very quick to assemble, the said frames, composed of uprights and beams, having a rigidity which allows them to do without vertical bracing.
  • the object of the invention is also to produce such a framework construction system which not only promotes the industrialization of the construction of the frameworks themselves but also that of the complementary components of the building, and this in particular by eliminating the thorny problems generated by the manufacturing and assembly tolerances of the structural elements.
  • Another object of the invention is to give the beams and columns of the framework simplicity, straightness and systematism of their surfaces in order to facilitate the connection of the complementary components and, in particular, floors, partitions and facades and in particular light ventilated facades in accordance with Belgian patent application n ° 89 00 900 of August 23, 1989 and also prefabricated modular floors in accordance with Belgian patent application n ° 9001084 of November 16, 1990.
  • the invention also aims to produce such frames in which the beams and columns are joined together by simple bolting which simplifies not only the mounting of these elements, but also their subsequent disassembly to allow modifications and transformations of buildings, even when these affect the frame itself.
  • the invention also aims to produce such frames in which the bolts which join the elements of the frames are easily accessible during assembly of the frame and during its possible disassembly, while being located in places where they do not interfere not the installation of additional components such as partitions and where they are also hidden from view after installation of these additional components.
  • Another object of the invention is to produce such frames in which are systematically provided intervals and technical spaces in which can be easily installed pipes and ducts as well as other technical building equipment.
  • the invention also aims to produce such frames which facilitate the installation in the building of hot air heating, ventilation or air conditioning systems.
  • the subject of the present invention is a framework for a two-storey building, comprising a set of structures in the form of parallelepipedic towers arranged side by side in one or more rows each formed by two or more towers, an interval being provided between the towers. .
  • the width of the wings of the uprights, the width of the central sections of the beams and the extent of the knots which result from the assembly of the beams to the uprights being such that they ensure, without additional vertical bracing, the rigidity of the frame.
  • the number of towers in the structure of a building can be very variable, depending on the type of building to be constructed.
  • the frame can include two or more of said rows each formed by two or more towers.
  • the towers will normally be placed next to each other along the two horizontal axes of the building to be constructed. Seen in plan, this set of towers can then form a checkerboard pattern.
  • the uprights and the beams are made of sheet steel having a thickness of approximately 2 to 6 mm, the width of the wings of the uprights and the width of the central section of the beams being approximately 200 at 600 mm.
  • the uprights and the beams can be made by folding or preferably by cold profiling of these sheets.
  • edges of the wings of the V-shaped sections which constitute the uprights themselves have edges at right angles directed towards the interior of the V.
  • edges of the C-shaped sections which constitute the beams may themselves have right-angled edges directed towards the interior of the C.
  • each tower comprises may each consist of two or more upright elements arranged vertically following one another. The ends of the upright elements thus superimposed on each other being interconnected by means of connecting members.
  • connection of the upright elements superimposed on each other can be done in various ways.
  • the ends of the upright elements superimposed on each other are interconnected substantially at mid-height between the beams of two floors immediately superposed.
  • the connecting members may consist of connecting plates, each of which connects a wing of an upright element with the corresponding wing of the element amount which is superimposed on it, being bolted against these wings.
  • the two connecting plates which connect the two wings of an upright element with the corresponding wings of the upright element which is superimposed on it are integral with each other, together forming a square.
  • the connecting members may also each comprise two connecting pieces each composed of a square section and a plate pierced with holes for bolts, welded perpendicularly against one end of this square section.
  • the ends of the upright elements connected to each other are each provided with such a connecting piece of which said square section is bolted to this end, the plates fixed to these connecting pieces being superimposed and bolted together.
  • horizontal beams are located at the junction of the superimposed upright elements, each of these beams being connected by each of its ends to a wing of the ends of two superimposed upright elements .
  • the ends of the upright elements superimposed on each other are thus interconnected, and the ends of the beams arranged at this level of the tower are interconnected via the ends of the upright elements.
  • intervals are provided between the towers which comprise the framework of the building. These intervals between neighboring towers can be of very different widths, depending on the type of framework that one wishes to achieve. In the same framework, it is also possible to provide intervals of different widths between towers or rows of towers.
  • Neighboring towers can in particular be very spaced apart, the interval between them being however wide enough to allow the insertion of the hand, and possibly the forearm, so as to thus allow the assembly by bolting of the beams to the uprights, during the mounting of the neighboring towers. These spaces can also advantageously serve to pass vertical pipes of small section between floors.
  • the intervals between neighboring towers can also be somewhat wider, for example from 20 to 40 cm in which case these intervals can form technical spaces which can in particular receive pipes of fairly large diameter.
  • the width of the intervals between neighboring towers can however be much wider, for example 1 meter or several meters.
  • the neighboring towers will be connected to each other by beams and the spaces created by these intervals will be intended to be occupied by corridors or by habitable rooms in the building.
  • the beams can be arranged with the opening of the C directed towards the outside of the tower or with the opening of the C directed towards the inside of the tower.
  • each beam is bolted by each of its ends against the external face of a wing of an upright.
  • beams can possibly extend beyond the perimeter of the frame to form consoles, for example.
  • beams can be threaded and fixed in C-beams which end at the perimeter of the frame to thereby form consoles, for example.
  • consoles can be made of pultruded composite materials or bowls, which eliminates thermal bridges between the exterior and interior of buildings.
  • Temporary consoles can very usefully be installed for the duration of the building construction work. They facilitate the installation of scaffolding, for the installation of facades, in particular.
  • Neighboring towers separated by an interval of one or more meters can be connected to each other by C-beams of these towers themselves, which extend beyond the perimeter of these towers up to mid-distance from this interval. These parts of beams which exceed the perimeter of the towers work essentially in cantilever. The ends of these beams which meet halfway between neighboring towers are however connected to each other by a connecting piece.
  • each beam is connected by each of its ends to a wing of an upright by means of a plate of bolted assembly against the external face of said wing of an upright and against the dorsal face of the central pan of the C of the end of the beam.
  • the two assembly plates which, at the same level of the tower, are bolted to the two wings of the same amount, are integral with each other, together forming a square.
  • the present invention also relates to a building which comprises a framework as defined above.
  • An advantage of the invention is to obtain a rigid frame that does not require bracing vertical.
  • the floors of buildings can be supported either directly on the upper edge of the beams, or on an angle iron fixed at any point in the central section of the C-sections forming the beams.
  • the spaces between the two wings of the V sections constituting the columns are useful for passing vertical pipes between floors and in particular pipes of large section, which is the case for those used for ventilation and air conditioning. .
  • Holes of appropriate diameter can be provided in the central sections of the C sections constituting the beams to allow the passage of horizontal pipes.
  • Such holes can be made in the wings of the V-shaped sections constituting the columns to allow the passage of various horizontal pipes, running horizontally in plinths or added window shelves, running along the facades inside the buildings.
  • the framework of buildings is generally wrapped by facades of all types and preferably light facades (in particular ventilated light facades in accordance with Belgian patent application No. 8900900 of August 23, 1989).
  • floors other than reinforced concrete floors poured on site can be made of various materials, heavy or light, and by more or less large elements whose dimensions will advantageously correspond to the module of the framework.
  • Such floors necessarily have joints which are closed the more easily they are in the axis of the beams made up of two parallel C profiles and that these joints can therefore easily be fitted with small vertical tie rods extending in the intervals between the C profiles from where it is possible to apply to the joints a permanent traction device from top to low, such as to ensure a perfect seal of the joints between floor elements.
  • tie rods in the cross of Saint-André which are easily installed diagonally under the floor. They connect two by two, metal plates bolted to the ends of the C-beams and which bypass the vertical pipes installed between the wings of the V-pillars.
  • the buildings have more than three levels, instead of making metal or wooden stairs fixed to the frame, it can be advantageous to make the hoppers containing the vertical circulations such as the stairs and the elevators, in elements of prefabricated reinforced concrete and occupying the place of one or more towers constituting the framework.
  • Another advantage of the present invention is to allow the easy, clean and rapid replacement of any beam, or even column, of the building, which would be accidentally damaged, without disturbing the occupants of the building.
  • Another advantage of the invention is that buildings constructed by means of the framework which is the subject of the invention are formed from components compatible with each other and produced industrially. As soon as buildings constructed using a framework according to the invention no longer have to be demolished, but can be dismantled, their components can be totally or partially recovered for the construction of new buildings.
  • the framework according to the invention can be produced according to several methods.
  • a first method which does not require a lifting device, consists in making the framework by assembling the uprights and the beams, element by element. This is important for developing countries, in which most of the components complementary to the framework can be made by hand, using local materials, for example wood, for floors, facades and partitions.
  • the four V-shaped profiles are thus temporarily suspended from the four corners of the frame formed by the four C-shaped profiles, thus forming a table-shaped module without a horizontal wall.
  • the floor is then installed, which rests on at least two of the four C-shaped sections which form the four edges of the table, thus obtaining a table-shaped module provided with a horizontal wall.
  • the table-shaped module thus constructed is then hoisted to the place which it must occupy in the building, by means of a crane and by means of slings fixed to the upper corners of the "table". Workers on the floors already installed previously, bolt the legs of the "table” to the upper parts of the ends of the C-beams of the tables already set up previously.
  • This operation is easy given the intervals which exist between the constituent towers of the frame.
  • This construction method is advantageous when lifting means are available, since it saves labor and time.
  • each C-beams corresponding to the same floor of a tower are assembled near the building to be produced, with four vertical V-shaped uprights, the said C-beams being assembled by their ends at mid height of the V-shaped uprights.
  • the assembly of these four uprights and of the four beams thus forms a horizontal frame at the four corners of which vertical uprights are fixed, half of which is located under the frame and the other half above this frame. .
  • Such assemblies are hoisted to the place which they must occupy in the frame by means of a crane and superimposed on each other, the lower ends of the uprights of an assembly being assembled at the upper ends of an assembly located in below.
  • the uprights of the towers consist of profiled elements having a substantially V-shaped section, the ends of the wings of the V having a rim at a right angle directed towards the interior of the V.
  • the towers in the framework are rectangular parallelepipeds.
  • the wings of the V-shaped uprights will therefore perpendicular to each other.
  • the two wings of the uprights can be of equal width. However, in certain frameworks or in certain framework parts, it may be advantageous to use uprights whose wings are of unequal width.
  • Fig. 1 is a view in horizontal section which shows juxtaposed towers 1 composed of uprights 2 and beams 3 connecting them.
  • the columns 6 of the framework inside the building are formed by four uprights 2, the columns 7 at the periphery of the buildings are formed by two uprights 2, and the columns 8 at the corners of the buildings are formed by a single upright 2.
  • Consoles 9 extend the beams 3 outside the building.
  • Horizontal bracing tie rods 10 are fixed to arches 11 bolted to the beams 3 and leaving the angles of the V-shaped uprights free for vertical pipes 12.
  • Fig. 2 is a view in vertical section, which shows beams 3 connecting uprights 2 by means of bolts 13. These beams 3 are pierced with holes 14 for pipes.
  • Fig. 3 shows the system for assembling the beams 3 to the uprights 2 by means of bolts 13.
  • This figure shows an embodiment in which the ends of the superimposed uprights 2 are interconnected via the ends of the beams 3 and vice -versed. It also shows the intervals 4 between beams and the intervals 5 between uprights thus making it easy to understand how easy it is, when mounting the frame, to have access to either side of the beam 3 - upright 2 assembly. to introduce, with one hand, the bolt 13 through the interval and to introduce with the other hand the corresponding nut which will, after tightening, apply against the upright 2. It will be understood that when the method is used of assembly by "table” described in the description above and shown in FIG. 5 and when the floor 15 is laid in advance on the table frame, it is easy to put the nuts in place since the corners of the floors 15 are cut for this purpose and also to allow the passage of vertical pipes 12 .
  • Fig. 4 is similar to FIG. 3. It shows the assembly system of the beams 3 to the uprights 2 by means of bolts 13.
  • Fig. 5 is a perspective view of a table-shaped assembly, formed by four uprights 2, four beams 3 and a floor 15, this view illustrating one of the methods of producing the framework according to the invention.
  • Figs. 6 and 7 illustrate another method of producing a frame according to the invention.
  • four beams 3 are connected by their ends to the wings of four upright elements 2.
  • the beams 3 are however connected halfway up the upright elements 2.
  • the beams 3 carry a floor 15.
  • the assembly shown in FIG. 6 can be mounted near the building to be constructed and then be placed in the framework.
  • Fig. 7 which is a vertical section in such a framework, shows how sets of parts as shown in FIG. 6, are superimposed in the frame.
  • the upper ends of the upright elements 2 of a module are connected, by connecting members 21 to the lower ends of the upright elements 2 of the module which is superimposed on it.
  • Fig. 8 illustrates another variant of the process for producing a framework according to the invention.
  • longer upright elements 2 are used, having the height of three successive stages.
  • Beams 3 are fixed to the uprights 2 by bolting to form the towers 1.
  • upright elements 2 are arranged one after the other and connected together by connecting members 21 or 22.
  • connecting members can be used to connect two superimposed upright elements together.
  • the two plates 21 can be integral with each other, together forming a square.
  • Fig. 10 illustrates another system making it possible to connect upright elements to each other 2.
  • the connecting members comprise two connecting pieces 22.
  • Each of these connecting pieces 22 is composed of a square section 23 and d 'a plate 24 welded perpendicularly against one end of this angle section 23.
  • the intervals between the turns 1 of a frame according to the invention can be of variable width.
  • Fig. 11 is a schematic plan view of a frame comprising two rows of towers 1. In each row, certain towers 1 are very close together, while others are spaced apart by a distance of several meters thus creating between towers close to intervals whose width is substantially equal to the width of a tower 1.
  • the two rows of towers 1 are also spaced from each other by a distance of several meters.
  • the towers 1 spaced apart by a distance of several meters are connected together by beams 25 shown schematically by dashed lines.
  • Figs. 1 to 11 illustrate frameworks or framework parts, in which the beams 3 that each tower 1 comprises are arranged with the opening of the C directed towards the outside of tower 1, each part being bolted against the external face of a wing of two uprights 2.
  • Figs. 12 and 13 illustrate another embodiment of the towers 1.
  • the beams 3 are arranged with the opening of the C directed towards the inside of the tower 1 and each beam 3 is connected by each of its ends to a wing of a post 2 by means of a bolted assembly plate 26 (bolts 13) against the external face of said wing of a post 2 and against the dorsal face of the central pan of C of the end of beam 3.
  • assembly plates 26 which are located near the perimeter of the frame and directed perpendicular to a facade of the building, extend beyond the perimeter of the frame .
  • the parts of the plates 26 which extend beyond the perimeter of the framework can serve as attachment points for functional or ornamental accessories external to the facade.
  • the two assembly plates 26 which, at the same level of a tower 1, are bolted to the two wings of the same upright 2, are integral with each other, forming together a square.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Rod-Shaped Construction Members (AREA)
  • Joining Of Building Structures In Genera (AREA)
  • Building Environments (AREA)
EP91870018A 1990-02-02 1991-01-30 Gerippe für mehrstöckiges Gebäude und Gebäude mit solch einem Gerippe Withdrawn EP0440594A1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
BE9000129A BE1003666A3 (fr) 1990-02-02 1990-02-02 Ossature pour batiments.
BE9000129 1990-02-02

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0440594A1 true EP0440594A1 (de) 1991-08-07

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ID=3884663

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP91870018A Withdrawn EP0440594A1 (de) 1990-02-02 1991-01-30 Gerippe für mehrstöckiges Gebäude und Gebäude mit solch einem Gerippe

Country Status (7)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0440594A1 (de)
CN (1) CN1055787A (de)
BE (1) BE1003666A3 (de)
BR (1) BR9100424A (de)
CA (1) CA2035486A1 (de)
OA (1) OA09342A (de)
ZA (1) ZA91644B (de)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1998001633A1 (de) * 1996-07-05 1998-01-15 Bernard Douet Bauwerk
CN103206014A (zh) * 2013-04-23 2013-07-17 北京工业大学 实现节点刚性连接的多高层装配式钢结构框架支撑体系
CN103206015A (zh) * 2013-03-23 2013-07-17 北京工业大学 一种装配式钢结构偏心支撑框架体系

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CN101363260B (zh) * 2007-11-19 2010-06-16 青岛市金潮特种混凝土制品有限责任公司 大跨度预应力混凝土板“拟框架”结构及其施工方法
CN101654930B (zh) * 2008-08-19 2011-06-08 茂地(上海)建筑工程咨询有限公司 一种组合式房屋的梁架结构及其安装方法
CN102979172B (zh) * 2012-11-26 2014-11-05 北京工业大学 一种工业化装配式多、高层钢结构预应力中心支撑体系
CN102979171B (zh) * 2012-11-26 2014-12-03 北京工业大学 一种工业化装配式多、高层钢结构框架体系
CN102979177B (zh) * 2012-11-26 2014-11-05 北京工业大学 一种工业化装配式多、高层钢结构偏心支撑体系
CN103132601B (zh) * 2012-11-26 2015-05-20 北京工业大学 一种工业化装配式柱座节点及其施工方法
CN103206013B (zh) * 2013-04-23 2015-06-10 北京工业大学 一种工业化装配式多、高层钢框架体系
CN103711200B (zh) * 2014-01-14 2016-02-10 中国建筑第七工程局有限公司 一种装配式劲性组合框撑结构
CN103882953B (zh) * 2014-03-20 2016-04-27 北京工业大学 一种咬合拼接的多高层装配式钢结构预应力中心支撑体系
ITUB20169963A1 (it) * 2016-01-13 2017-07-13 Federico Lestini Struttura di edificio modulare con relativi impianti integrati
AU2017101799B4 (en) * 2017-09-23 2018-04-05 J & S Joyce Pty Ltd Improvements in Building Construction
CN110130493B (zh) * 2019-05-24 2023-09-08 福建工程学院 一种闭口截面铝合金框架节点及其施工方法

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR962245A (de) * 1950-06-07
FR2418310A1 (fr) * 1978-02-28 1979-09-21 Sanders & Forster Ltd Element modulaire utilise pour la construction d'immeubles
EP0012736A1 (de) * 1978-12-11 1980-06-25 Jacques Wybauw Vorgefertigte Baueinheiten zur Herstellung von Gebäuden und Gebäude, deren Rohbau solche zusammengestellten Einheiten enthält
FR2516961A1 (fr) * 1981-11-26 1983-05-27 Misawa Homes Co Appareillage pour relier entre eux des poteaux de modules architecturaux a des espacements predetermines
GB2192916A (en) * 1986-06-12 1988-01-27 Structured Steel Systems Limit Channel section joint
EP0365512A1 (de) * 1988-10-21 1990-04-25 Rebuild World S.A. Vorgefertigte Bauelemente zur Errichtung von Gebaüden und Bauverfahren zur Errichtung von Gebaüden mittels dieser Bauelemente

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3140343A1 (de) * 1981-10-10 1983-12-08 Helmut G. 4630 Bochum Lobschat Tragkonstruktion fuer gewoelbte zweckbauten

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR962245A (de) * 1950-06-07
FR2418310A1 (fr) * 1978-02-28 1979-09-21 Sanders & Forster Ltd Element modulaire utilise pour la construction d'immeubles
EP0012736A1 (de) * 1978-12-11 1980-06-25 Jacques Wybauw Vorgefertigte Baueinheiten zur Herstellung von Gebäuden und Gebäude, deren Rohbau solche zusammengestellten Einheiten enthält
FR2516961A1 (fr) * 1981-11-26 1983-05-27 Misawa Homes Co Appareillage pour relier entre eux des poteaux de modules architecturaux a des espacements predetermines
GB2192916A (en) * 1986-06-12 1988-01-27 Structured Steel Systems Limit Channel section joint
EP0365512A1 (de) * 1988-10-21 1990-04-25 Rebuild World S.A. Vorgefertigte Bauelemente zur Errichtung von Gebaüden und Bauverfahren zur Errichtung von Gebaüden mittels dieser Bauelemente

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1998001633A1 (de) * 1996-07-05 1998-01-15 Bernard Douet Bauwerk
CN103206015A (zh) * 2013-03-23 2013-07-17 北京工业大学 一种装配式钢结构偏心支撑框架体系
CN103206015B (zh) * 2013-03-23 2016-01-06 北京工业大学 一种装配式钢结构偏心支撑框架体系
CN103206014A (zh) * 2013-04-23 2013-07-17 北京工业大学 实现节点刚性连接的多高层装配式钢结构框架支撑体系

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CA2035486A1 (en) 1991-08-03
BE1003666A3 (fr) 1992-05-19
CN1055787A (zh) 1991-10-30
OA09342A (fr) 1992-09-15
ZA91644B (en) 1991-10-30
BR9100424A (pt) 1991-10-22

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