EP2593613B1 - Konstruktionssystem eines gebäudes - Google Patents

Konstruktionssystem eines gebäudes Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2593613B1
EP2593613B1 EP11732437.6A EP11732437A EP2593613B1 EP 2593613 B1 EP2593613 B1 EP 2593613B1 EP 11732437 A EP11732437 A EP 11732437A EP 2593613 B1 EP2593613 B1 EP 2593613B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
framework
wall
semi
construction system
rafters
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP11732437.6A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP2593613A2 (de
Inventor
Gilles Guerry
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Individual
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Individual
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Publication of EP2593613A2 publication Critical patent/EP2593613A2/de
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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
    • E04B1/26—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons the supporting parts consisting of wood
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons

Definitions

  • the field of the invention is that of building and construction.
  • the invention relates to a building system of ecological buildings and high energy performance, for example individual houses of wood.
  • the Grenelle de l'Environstitution has played a leading role in changing the construction models in an effort to save energy.
  • each frame element is drawn using a software that controls a cutting machine elements.
  • Framing elements are cut and assembled in the workshop according to plans provided by the design office to form walls / panels which are then insulated and barded. The finished walls / panels are then transported to the site where they are mounted together by means of lifting equipment.
  • An advantage of this construction technique is that it allows the assembly workshop prefabricated elements sheltered from the weather and requires little labor on site. In addition, the construction time is reduced compared to the conventional construction method mentioned above.
  • a three-dimensional, self-supporting structure is described in the patent application FR 2,906,278 in the name of the Applicant.
  • This structure consists of perpendicular horizontal and vertical walls, each wall consisting of spaced parallel elements which intersect with the parallel elements of the other walls. The intersections of these walls are sufficient for maintain them while allowing their relative movements allowing the realization of transformable volumes.
  • this structure is more suited to the design of non-isolated buildings, such as garden sheds, or for summer occupation.
  • the invention particularly aims to overcome these disadvantages of the prior art.
  • an object of the invention is to provide a construction system allowing, from elements of small section, a simple, robust and fast assembly of an isolated building structure, on any type of terrain.
  • Another object of the invention is to implement a building structure that requires little or no external and internal finishes, and therefore reduces labor and production costs.
  • Yet another object of the invention is to use walls, floors and roofs to form a building structure adapted to different climates (weather resistant and in particular waterproof) and which has improved thermal and acoustic properties. .
  • the invention is based on a completely new and inventive approach to a construction system of a building that consists of erecting a regular and closely spaced frame, of intertwined structural elements to form a structure carrier and the walls of a building.
  • These structural elements may be chevrons.
  • a first framework called the supporting framework
  • a second framework referred to as an internal framework
  • a third framework called external framework
  • the second and third frames form envelope frames which each consist of several half-walls.
  • the walls of the building (walls, ceiling, floor) therefore consist of an inner semi-wall and an outer semi-wall.
  • the structural elements of the internal framework intersect with other structural elements of the internal framework and with the structural elements of the supporting framework.
  • the structural elements of the external framework intersect with other structural elements of the external framework and with the structural elements of the supporting framework. In fact, by attaching to the supporting frame, the inner and outer frames are interconnected.
  • interlocking means in the context of the invention that the parallel elements of an envelope frame interlock or entangle with other elements of the same framework and the supporting framework (or even the other framework of envelope).
  • said uprights or posts and said sleepers or beams of the supporting framework consist of rafters, of wood for example, associated with at least one bracing plate, plywood for example.
  • the constructive system of a structure of the invention does not require a particular connection system between the walls and the roof, between the walls and the floor, or between the walls between them. Indeed, the numerous contacts generated by the respect of the weft, the intercrossing of the elements of a semi-wall with the elements of another semi-wall, or with those of the supporting structure ensure a rigidity and a stability of the erected structure.
  • the construction system of the invention consists of elements or structural parts which are intended to be connected and assembled to form a three-dimensional self-supporting structure, and therefore do not require the implementation of a traditional primary structure structure (including elements of large section, including posts and beams) and complex connectors (only the screws are necessary to bind the elements of the structure of the invention), even if n It is not excluded that such elements are used in a complementary way.
  • these elements are intended to form the supporting frame and the internal and external frames of a building, the space between the inner and outer frames may constitute a formwork.
  • the frame is such that the spacing between the elements is equal to the section of the elements (in the case where the elements are of square section), or to one of the dimensions of the section of the elements (in the case where the elements are of rectangular section).
  • the system of the invention is intended for the construction of variable surface buildings, removable and for various uses.
  • the system of the invention also allows the assembly of transportable modules that can be assembled together on the site.
  • These prefabricated structural elements are for example in the form of blades or rafters of wood (or reconstituted wood), glulam, or metal profiles, of substantially rectangular section (or square, or other) which play a structural role and a role of interior and exterior finishing.
  • Such a freestanding structure does not require foundations and can be erected on any type of terrain (steep slope, above the water by means of piles as shown in the diagram). figure 17 ), the structure can be detached from the ground or not, or anchored in the ground.
  • these structural elements constitute an envelope, the connections between the walls between them, with the roof and the floor having sufficient rigidity due to the many crossings and contacts between the structural elements.
  • An insulator can be blown between the inner and outer face of the formwork.
  • the constituent elements of the envelope structure play a role of interior and exterior facing. Such a solution requires little or no finishing, and therefore reduces the costs of implementation.
  • At least one of said half walls of said inner frame further comprises at least one bracing panel.
  • bracing panel is, for example, derived from wood (particle board, plywood) and can play a role of vapor barrier.
  • a bracing panel may be made of glass, or polycarbonate, or other, and will then have a more limited bracing role.
  • At least one of said half-walls of said outer frame further comprises at least one bracing and / or sealing panel, which may in some cases be translucent and then made of glass, or polycarbonate, or other material able to let in light.
  • rain guards can be added between the rafters and bracing panels to which the rafters are attached.
  • an insulator is inserted into said formwork.
  • thermal insulation is inserted between the bracing panels on which structural seams or inner and outer rafters are fixed.
  • insulating boards or straw bales are inserted in the formwork.
  • the insulation will be constituted by a bulk material, which may in some cases be blown into the formwork, the use of bulk material being particularly advantageous since it avoids any cutting operation for a adaptation to the dimensions of the formwork naturally delimited between the envelopes.
  • Such a bulk material may be cellulose wadding, glass wool, sheep wool, wood chips, or more specifically cork.
  • a self-supporting structure will include a bracing panel supporting rafters parallel to each other and forming an internal face of a floor, the interstices between said rafters being then filled so as to ensure continuity of the surface of said floor and preferably by means of a material with high thermal inertia for storing heat and restoring it.
  • the elements forming the uprights, crosspieces, walls and semi-walls are made of wood.
  • wood as a building material has many advantages. It is a lightweight material and easy to carry. Its production is compatible with ecological standards, and responds to environmental concerns which now also occupy an important place in the choice of manufacturers.
  • the figures 16 and 17 illustrate an example of a building made according to the construction method of the invention.
  • the building is, in these examples, wood frame and residential use. It is substantially parallelepipedal in shape and comprises six faces. This building is intended to be placed on studs or fixed to the ground by appropriate means. It is easy to understand that one side of this building serves as a floor or floor (S), another side serves as a ceiling or roof (P) and two other faces (M1, M2) serve as walls with or without openings.
  • the faces M3 and M4 may be closed by windows for example.
  • the various steps of the method of construction of such a building are then presented according to one embodiment of the invention.
  • the Figures 1 to 4 illustrate the stages of manufacture of the supporting framework and the Figures 5 to 16 the manufacturing steps of the envelope frames.
  • the parallel elements forming the half-walls of the casing frames are wooden rafters, that is to say elements of small section (5 cm for example), whose section square is identical to the wooden rafters of the supporting structure.
  • each frame 100, 200, 300 consisting of vertical chevrons (or uprights) connected by horizontal rafters (or sleepers).
  • the frame 100 comprises on a first side a first set of uprights 101 and on a second side a second set of uprights 102 parallel to the uprights 101, the uprights of each set being substantially equidistant and parallel to each other and of length equal.
  • These two sets of uprights are connected by two sets of crosspieces 103, 104 perpendicular to the uprights.
  • the crosspieces of each set 103, 104 are substantially equidistant and parallel to each other, and of equal length.
  • the amounts are connected to the sleepers by screwing or any other appropriate means.
  • a set of square-shaped openings is provided at the intersection of the uprights 102 and crosspieces 103 in particular. As will be seen later, these openings allow the passage of chevrons perpendicularly to the plane of the frame 100 in particular.
  • the frames 200 and 300 are assembled on the same principle.
  • the length of the uprights 202, 203 is smaller than that of the upright 201 so that the uprights 202, 203 do not protrude from the upper transom 204 once the uprights assembled to the struts 204, 205.
  • the frames 100, 200, 300 consist of studs and transoms assembled cross.
  • each frame 100, 200, 300 are fixed (by screwing for example) on one face of each frame 100, 200, 300 so as to stiffen them.
  • the frame 100 for example, two plates 123, 127 are fixed on the uprights 102, 101 respectively and six plates 120 to 122 and 124 to 126 are fixed on the crosspieces 103, 104 respectively.
  • the frame 200 only the plate 220 attached to the uprights 201, 202 is distinguished. Note that these plates are not all contiguous so as to allow the passage of beams. longitudinal composites connecting the frames 100, 200, 300 to each other, as illustrated on the Figures 3 and 4 .
  • the frames 100, 200, 300 are interconnected by several sets of longitudinal longitudinal structural chevrons or crosspieces 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60 arranged perpendicular to the planes of the frames 100, 200, 300.
  • Both structural chevrons 10 are inserted into the openings formed at the intersection of the uprights 102 and crosspieces 103 of the frame 100 and in identical openings in the frames 200 and 300.
  • a clearance of the order of a few millimeters can be provided in a to allow the passage of the longitudinal chevrons in the openings of the frames and to take into account the swelling of the wood.
  • the longitudinal chevrons are fixed to the frames by screwing, for example.
  • the set of structural chevrons 40 consists of chevrons mounted in two perpendicular planes.
  • a carrier structure also called a “supporting framework”, “structural trellis” or “skeleton" of a three-dimensional, parallelepiped-shaped building, which is rigid and self-supporting, and which comprises numerous contacts and intersections, is formed.
  • This supporting structure is advantageous in that it does not require the implementation of structural elements of large section, such as planks, bastings.
  • first internal envelope frame and a second outer envelope frame (around the first inner envelope frame) so as to form a formwork on at least one faces of the building.
  • the inner and outer frames are spaced 15 or 40 cm, so as to form a formwork for an insulator whose thickness is chosen according to the thermal objectives.
  • parallel chevrons S I are fixed on the bracing panel 72 in the same direction as the parallel chevrons S E (in a variant not shown, they may be perpendicular to the parallel chevrons SE).
  • These rafters S I form the internal face of the ground / floor S. It is conceivable to fill the spaces / interstices between these rafters S I so as to ensure continuity of the surface of the ground S.
  • the material that fills these spaces / interstices is for example, a material with high thermal inertia for storing heat and restoring it.
  • parallel and equidistant vertical chevrons M2 I are arranged between the composite beams 30 and 40 so as to form the inner wall of the wall M2
  • parallel and equidistant horizontal chevrons P I are arranged between the composite beams 10 and 30 so as to form the inner wall of the ceiling P.
  • plywood bracing panels 80, 90 are attached to the rafters M2 I and P I on the outside of the building.
  • Plywood bracing and sealing panels 82 are fixed between the posts 101, 201, 301 away from the boards 80 so as to form a form in which an insulator 81 can be inserted by blowing or filling ( figure 12 ).
  • M2 E brackets which form the outer wall of the wall M2 ( figure 13 ) and which are perpendicular to the rafters M2 I.
  • parallel and equidistant vertical chevrons MI E are arranged between the composite beams 10 and 60 so as to form the outer wall of the wall M1.
  • the external frame consisting of rafters and bracing plates, is an external facing and that the plates of bracing associated or not with a rain screen provide a role of bulwark against bad weather.
  • the faces M3 and M4 (not visible) of the dwellings illustrated on the figures 16 and 17 do not include a wall formed according to the principle described above, but can be closed by external joineries.
  • the mounting of the frames is particularly advantageous in that it does not require complex cutting.
  • the two frames are assembled by contact and fixing (screwing for example) of rafters, and require no corner piece.
  • the edges are formed naturally by the intersection of chevrons of two faces. The cost of mounting the building is therefore reduced.
  • the construction method according to the invention has the advantage of allowing the prefabrication in the workshop of rafters and panels, frames, even whole modules, while offering the possibility of making a house or any type of custom building.
  • the figure 20 is a sectional view of the intersection of the floor S and a wall M2 of a building manufactured according to the construction principle described above.
  • the outer half-wall M2 E of the wall M2 consists of vertical structural cladding rafters fixed on at least one bracing and sealing panel 82.
  • the inner half-wall M2 I of the wall M2 consists of horizontal structural chevrons of finishing fixed on at least one end bracing panel 80. These inner and outer semi-walls form a formwork sandwiching an insulating 81 blown, the assembly forming the wall of the wall M2.
  • the ground S is formed of two half-shells, the outer semi-wall S E (or underside) comprising parallel structural rafters attached to at least one bracing panel and seal 70, the inner semi-wall S I ( or parquet) comprising parallel structural chevrons fixed on at least one end winding panel 72.
  • These inner and outer semi-walls form a formwork which sandwiches an insulated 71 insufflated, the assembly forming the wall of the ground S.
  • the dashed circle designates the intersection of the floor S and the wall M2 which naturally generates numerous contacts and, consequently, numerous fixing possibilities and high rigidity.
  • the figure 21 is a sectional view of the intersection of two walls M1, M3 of a building manufactured according to the construction principle described above.
  • the wall comprises an outer semi-wall M3 E consists of horizontal structural rafters siding attached to at least one bracing panel and sealing 3, the semi-inner M3 I comprising vertical structural rafters interior fitting attached to at minus one end windshield 4.
  • the wall comprises an outer semi M1-M1 E wall consists of vertical structural rafters siding attached to at least one bracing panel and sealing 5, the semi-inner M1 I comprising horizontal structural rafters interior fitting attached to at minus one end panel of bracing 6.
  • an insulator 7, 8 respectively is blown between the outer and inner semi-walls.
  • the dashed circle designates the intersection of the walls M1, M3 which naturally generates numerous contacts and, consequently, numerous fixing possibilities and high rigidity.
  • the figure 22 is a sectional view of the intersection of a wall M2 and the roof P of a building manufactured according to the construction principle described above.
  • the wall M2 comprises an outer half-wall M2 E consisting of horizontal structural herringbone cladding fixed on at least one bracing and sealing panel 82, the inner half-wall M2 I comprising vertical interior finishing structural hinges fixed on minus a thin bracing panel 80.
  • the roof P comprises an outer half-wall P E consisting of horizontal structural herringbone cladding fastened to a steel roofing tank 92 P, the inner half-wall P I comprising horizontal structural ceiling finishing rafters fixed on at least one bracing panel 90.
  • An insulator 81, 91 is blown between the half walls of the wall M2 and the roof P respectively.
  • a plywood board 21 on which structural rafters 20 are fixed form a composite beam.
  • the dashed circle designates the intersection of the wall M2 and the roof P which naturally generates numerous contacts and, consequently, numerous fixing possibilities and high rigidity.
  • the length of the rafters P E, E M1, M2, SE is selected so as to form a solar shading (or louvers) or piles.
  • the rafters of the composite beams of the structure illustrated on the figure 17 are elongated with respect to the rafters of the composite beams of the structure illustrated on the figure 16 .
  • the length of the rafters can be chosen solely for aesthetic reasons.
  • the principle of construction of the invention also allows the construction of a construction on several levels (multistage in other words).
  • the upper horizontal wall P is an intermediate floor.
  • the rafters of the various frames may have other profile shapes than a square profile, such as rectangular profiles or non-parallelepiped profiles, of various dimensions.
  • the inner and outer shells may be formed by thicker bracing panels, thereby reducing the number of hinges required.
  • the wall P (ceiling) is formed of an inner semi-wall P I consisting of at least one panel 93 fixed to the rafters of the supporting structure (the thickness of the panel 93 being greater than that of the panel 90), an outer semi-wall consisting of at least one panel 94 attached to the rafters of the carrier structure and a few rafters P E.
  • the inner frame of the wall M2 consists of a horizontal intermediate chevron 83 and a panel 85 fixed to the rafters of the supporting structure, the external framework of the wall M2 consisting of a horizontal chevron 84 and a panel 86.
  • the inner frame of the wall M1 consists of a horizontal chevron 61, a panel 62 attached to the rafters of the carrier structure and parallel vertical chevrons M1 I.
  • the wall S (ground) consists of an inner semi-wall SI formed of rafters and a bracing plate.
  • the construction system of the invention is particularly suitable for the construction of houses, collective dwellings, extensions, offices, verandas, industrial premises and public facilities for example.
  • the panels and bracing plates may be in a material other than plywood (particle board, metal plates for example) and that the rafters may be in a material other than wood (for example glulam, reconstituted wood or metal).
  • the carrier frame may be a conventional frame type post / beam for example, or consist of an assembly of bastings and laminated beams glued for example.
  • the section of the parallel elements forming the half-walls of the casing frames and the section of the rafters of the supporting frame may be different.
  • non-parallelepipedic buildings which may for example have a pitched roof or non-rectangular floor surfaces, for example partially triangular or pentagonal, hexagonal or octagonal.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Panels For Use In Building Construction (AREA)
  • Working Measures On Existing Buildindgs (AREA)
  • Load-Bearing And Curtain Walls (AREA)

Claims (10)

  1. Gebäudekonstruktionssystem, umfassend:
    - ein Traggerüst mit Ständern (101, 102, 201, 202, 203, 301, 302) und Traversen (103, 104, 204, 205, 303, 304, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60), wobei das System dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, dass es ferner umfasst:
    - ein inneres Hüllengerüst und ein äußeres Hüllengerüst, wobei jedes Hüllengerüst von mindestens zwei Halbwänden gebildet ist, die aus zueinander parallelen Elementen ausgebildet sind, die derart beabstandet sind, dass sie einander überkreuzen können und mit parallelen Elementen mindestens einer weiteren Halbwand desselben Gerüsts verbunden werden können,
    dass das äußere Gerüst um das innere Gerüst herum aufgebaut wird, um einen Raum zu bilden, der zwischen dem äußeren Gerüst und dem inneren Gerüst ausgenommen ist und eine Schalung darstellen kann,
    und dass mindestens gewisse parallele Elemente mindestens einer Halbwand (M1I, M2I, M3I, M4I, SI, PI) des inneren Gerüsts und mindestens gewisse parallele Elemente mindestens einer Halbwand (M1E, M2E, M3E, M4E, SE, PE) des äußeren Gerüsts einander überkreuzen und mit mindestens gewissen Ständern und/oder Traversen des Traggerüsts verbunden sind.
  2. Konstruktionssystem nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Ständer (101, 102, 201, 202, 203, 301, 302) und die Traversen (103, 104, 204, 205, 303, 304, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60) von Sparren gebildet sind, die mit mindestens einer Verstrebungsplatte (120, ..., 127) verbunden sind.
  3. Konstruktionssystem nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass mindestens eine der Halbwände (M1I, M2I, M3I, M4I, SI, PI) des inneren Gerüsts ferner mindestens ein Verstrebungspaneel (72, 80, 90) umfasst.
  4. Konstruktionssystem nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass mindestens eine der Halbwände (M1E, M2E, M3E, M4E, SE, PE) des äußeren Gerüsts ferner mindestens ein Verstrebungs- und/oder Dichtungspaneel (70, 82, 92) umfasst.
  5. Konstruktionssystem nach einem der Ansprüche 2 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das mindestens eine Verstrebungs- und/oder Abdichtungspaneel (72, 80, 90; 70, 82, 92) und/oder die mindestens eine Verstrebungsplatte (120, ..., 127) aus Sperrholz, Spanplatte, Polycarbonat, Glas oder Metall ist.
  6. Konstruktionssystem nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das äußere Gerüst um das innere Gerüst herum aufgebaut ist, um eine Schalung zwischen mindestens einer Halbwand des inneren Gerüsts und mindestens einer Halbwand des äußeren Gerüsts zu bilden, wobei ein Isolierstoff (71, 81, 91) in die Schalung eingeführt ist.
  7. Konstruktionssystem nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Isolierstoff (71, 81, 91) von losem Material gebildet ist.
  8. Konstruktionssystem nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Elemente aus Holz, nachgebildetem Holz, geklebtem Laminat oder Metall ausgebildet sind.
  9. Konstruktionssystem nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Elemente mit quadratischem, rechteckigem oder nicht-parallelepipedförmigem Querschnitt gebildet sind.
  10. Konstruktionssystem nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es ein Verstrebungspaneel umfasst, das zueinander parallele Sparren trägt, die eine Innenfläche eines Bodens bilden, wobei die Zwischenräume zwischen den Sparren derart gefüllt sind, dass sie eine durchgehende Bodenfläche mit Hilfe eines Materials mit großer thermischer Trägheit gewährleisten.
EP11732437.6A 2010-07-16 2011-07-12 Konstruktionssystem eines gebäudes Not-in-force EP2593613B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1055803A FR2962743B1 (fr) 2010-07-16 2010-07-16 Systeme constructif
PCT/EP2011/061866 WO2012007468A2 (fr) 2010-07-16 2011-07-12 Système constructif

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2593613A2 EP2593613A2 (de) 2013-05-22
EP2593613B1 true EP2593613B1 (de) 2014-04-09

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EP11732437.6A Not-in-force EP2593613B1 (de) 2010-07-16 2011-07-12 Konstruktionssystem eines gebäudes

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EP (1) EP2593613B1 (de)
FR (1) FR2962743B1 (de)
WO (1) WO2012007468A2 (de)

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2000075441A1 (en) * 1999-06-08 2000-12-14 Finn Borg Building construction
FR2906278B3 (fr) * 2006-09-27 2009-06-05 Gilles Andre Guerry Structure de parois dont les intersections constituent a elles seules des liaisons mecaniques permetttant la realisation de volumes modulables, autoportants et economiques

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WO2012007468A3 (fr) 2012-04-19
FR2962743B1 (fr) 2012-09-28
FR2962743A1 (fr) 2012-01-20
EP2593613A2 (de) 2013-05-22
WO2012007468A2 (fr) 2012-01-19

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