DE2747783C2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- DE2747783C2 DE2747783C2 DE2747783A DE2747783A DE2747783C2 DE 2747783 C2 DE2747783 C2 DE 2747783C2 DE 2747783 A DE2747783 A DE 2747783A DE 2747783 A DE2747783 A DE 2747783A DE 2747783 C2 DE2747783 C2 DE 2747783C2
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- beads
- nuclear fuel
- gelled
- drying
- steam
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 36
- 239000003758 nuclear fuel Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000003750 conditioning effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 210000000941 bile Anatomy 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 60
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 16
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 15
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 14
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000007865 diluting Methods 0.000 description 7
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 229910052770 Uranium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 5
- JFALSRSLKYAFGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N uranium(0) Chemical compound [U] JFALSRSLKYAFGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 235000011114 ammonium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000001143 conditioned effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000003349 gelling agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004005 microsphere Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920002401 polyacrylamide Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- ZSLUVFAKFWKJRC-IGMARMGPSA-N 232Th Chemical compound [232Th] ZSLUVFAKFWKJRC-IGMARMGPSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZHNUHDYFZUAESO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formamide Chemical compound NC=O ZHNUHDYFZUAESO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001218 Thorium Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052776 Thorium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005054 agglomeration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012670 alkaline solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000908 ammonium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003085 diluting agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007863 gel particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003980 solgel method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium chloride Substances [NH4+].[Cl-] NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000007605 air drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001722 carbon compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- LVYZJEPLMYTTGH-UHFFFAOYSA-H dialuminum chloride pentahydroxide dihydrate Chemical compound [Cl-].[Al+3].[OH-].[OH-].[Al+3].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].O.O LVYZJEPLMYTTGH-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003607 modifier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010413 mother solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- OOAWCECZEHPMBX-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);uranium(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[U+4] OOAWCECZEHPMBX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 1
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 1
- FCTBKIHDJGHPPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N uranium dioxide Inorganic materials O=[U]=O FCTBKIHDJGHPPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001845 yogo sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B21/00—Arrangements or duct systems, e.g. in combination with pallet boxes, for supplying and controlling air or gases for drying solid materials or objects
- F26B21/14—Arrangements or duct systems, e.g. in combination with pallet boxes, for supplying and controlling air or gases for drying solid materials or objects using gases or vapours other than air or steam, e.g. inert gases
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J13/00—Colloid chemistry, e.g. the production of colloidal materials or their solutions, not otherwise provided for; Making microcapsules or microballoons
- B01J13/0052—Preparation of gels
- B01J13/0069—Post treatment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B14/00—Use of inorganic materials as fillers, e.g. pigments, for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of inorganic materials specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B14/02—Granular materials, e.g. microballoons
- C04B14/30—Oxides other than silica
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/64—Burning or sintering processes
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B1/00—Preliminary treatment of solid materials or objects to facilitate drying, e.g. mixing or backmixing the materials to be dried with predominantly dry solids
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B3/00—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21C—NUCLEAR REACTORS
- G21C3/00—Reactor fuel elements and their assemblies; Selection of substances for use as reactor fuel elements
- G21C3/42—Selection of substances for use as reactor fuel
- G21C3/58—Solid reactor fuel Pellets made of fissile material
- G21C3/62—Ceramic fuel
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
- Y02E30/30—Nuclear fission reactors
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Inorganic Compounds Of Heavy Metals (AREA)
- Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB44475/76A GB1594588A (en) | 1976-10-26 | 1976-10-26 | Drying of gel materials |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DE2747783A1 DE2747783A1 (de) | 1978-04-27 |
| DE2747783C2 true DE2747783C2 (en, 2012) | 1989-05-18 |
Family
ID=10433494
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19772747783 Granted DE2747783A1 (de) | 1976-10-26 | 1977-10-25 | Verfahren zum trocknen von material |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS5354353A (en, 2012) |
| DE (1) | DE2747783A1 (en, 2012) |
| FR (1) | FR2369524A1 (en, 2012) |
| GB (1) | GB1594588A (en, 2012) |
| IT (1) | IT1093019B (en, 2012) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0048099B1 (en) * | 1980-09-11 | 1984-07-18 | United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority | Process for removing water from gel materials |
| US4574003A (en) * | 1984-05-03 | 1986-03-04 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Co. | Process for improved densification of sol-gel produced alumina-based ceramics |
| JPH0230007A (ja) * | 1988-07-19 | 1990-01-31 | Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd | 低弛度送電線 |
Family Cites Families (17)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2609925A (en) * | 1951-04-09 | 1952-09-09 | Socony Vacuum Oil Co Inc | Process for separation of partly dried gel particles |
| US3258317A (en) * | 1963-04-25 | 1966-06-28 | Ca Atomic Energy Ltd | Preparation of dense uranium oxide |
| DE1212841B (de) * | 1964-01-21 | 1966-03-17 | Snam Spa | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Kugeln aus schwer zusammenballenden, feuerfesten Materialien auf chemischem Weg |
| GB1175834A (en) * | 1966-04-07 | 1969-12-23 | Atomic Energy Authority Uk | Improvements in or relating to the Chemical Production of Metal-Containing Materials as Particles and other Configurations |
| DE1629117A1 (de) * | 1966-06-01 | 1971-01-21 | Weizenin Dresden Veb | Verfahren und Einrichtung zur schonenden und beschleunigten Trocknung von insbesondere oxydationsempfindlichen und thermolabilen Substanzen |
| GB1231385A (en, 2012) * | 1967-08-04 | 1971-05-12 | ||
| DE1729224A1 (de) * | 1967-09-22 | 1971-06-09 | Krauss Maffei Ag | Verfahren zum Trocknen loesungsmittelfeuchter explosionsgefaehrlicher Gueter |
| GB1253807A (en) * | 1967-11-30 | 1971-11-17 | Atomic Energy Authority Uk | Improvements in or relating to preparation of ceramic materials |
| DE6809592U (de) * | 1967-12-05 | 1971-06-24 | Grace W R & Co | Vorrichtung zur herstellung kugelfoermiger teilchen. |
| NL6811715A (en, 2012) * | 1968-08-16 | 1970-02-18 | ||
| DE1927839A1 (de) * | 1969-05-31 | 1970-12-03 | Meierling Dipl Ing Heinrich Wi | Trockenanlage fuer keramische,insbesondere grobkeramische Erzeugnisse |
| GB1313750A (en) * | 1969-10-10 | 1973-04-18 | Atomic Energy Authority Uk | Manufacture of microspheres by gel precipitation methods |
| US3714719A (en) * | 1971-02-01 | 1973-02-06 | Wayne T & Ass | Apparatus for desolventizing solvent extracted milled rice and rice bran |
| GB1363532A (en) * | 1971-02-01 | 1974-08-14 | Atomic Energy Authority Uk | Production of metal-containing materials by gel-precipitation |
| DE2323010C3 (de) * | 1973-05-08 | 1978-03-30 | Kernforschungsanlage Juelich Gmbh, 5170 Juelich | Verfahren zur Herstellung von kugelförmigen Metalloxid- oder Metallcarbid-Teilchen |
| DE2401809C3 (de) * | 1974-01-15 | 1979-08-16 | Ralph William Fort Lauderdale Fla. Bishop (V.St.A.) | Verfahren zum Entwässern von zerkleinertem, feuchtigkeit- und zuckerhaltigem Gut, insbesondere Viehfuttergranulat, und Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens |
| NL7405300A (nl) * | 1974-04-19 | 1975-10-21 | Interfuel Bv | De vervaardiging van nucleair toepasbare bolletjes. |
-
1976
- 1976-10-26 GB GB44475/76A patent/GB1594588A/en not_active Expired
-
1977
- 1977-10-25 DE DE19772747783 patent/DE2747783A1/de active Granted
- 1977-10-25 FR FR7732135A patent/FR2369524A1/fr active Granted
- 1977-10-25 IT IT7769386A patent/IT1093019B/it active
- 1977-10-26 JP JP12855577A patent/JPS5354353A/ja active Granted
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR2369524A1 (fr) | 1978-05-26 |
| GB1594588A (en) | 1981-07-30 |
| IT1093019B (it) | 1985-07-19 |
| FR2369524B1 (en, 2012) | 1984-06-22 |
| JPS5354353A (en) | 1978-05-17 |
| JPS618910B2 (en, 2012) | 1986-03-18 |
| DE2747783A1 (de) | 1978-04-27 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| 8110 | Request for examination paragraph 44 | ||
| 8128 | New person/name/address of the agent |
Representative=s name: SCHWABE, H., DIPL.-ING. SANDMAIR, K., DIPL.-CHEM. |
|
| 8125 | Change of the main classification |
Ipc: G21C 3/62 |
|
| D2 | Grant after examination | ||
| 8364 | No opposition during term of opposition | ||
| 8339 | Ceased/non-payment of the annual fee |