DE10000227A1 - Permanent way production method comprises producing running section consisting of rails and sleepers, inserting rods into concrete bearing layer, adjusting running section, fixing it to rods, pouring upper bearing layer and adding revetment - Google Patents

Abstract

The method for preparing a permanent way comprises producing a running section consisting of two rails (4, 5) with sleepers (1) between them. Rods (18) are then inserted into the concrete bearing layer (10) beneath. The height and width of the running section is then adjusted and the sleepers supported. The running section is then fixed to the rods to prevent lateral shifting. The upper bearing layer (9) is then poured and a revetment (20) added. An independent claim is included for a system for adjusting the running section of a permanent way.

Description

The present invention relates to a method for producing a fe Most provided for rail vehicles with transverse to the carriageway NEN, the rails supporting sleepers, especially made of concrete, which in cast an upper base layer, in particular also made of concrete are, in turn, on a lower base layer, especially one like this called hydraulically bound base layer, is supported.

The invention also relates to a system for straightening a slide ses.

So-called fixed lanes of the type described above are in particular especially for high speeds instead of roads with the traditional ballast bed used. Accordingly, the track very high accuracy requirements with regard to its side and height meet position. This is achieved in that the section in rough pre-alignment of the track laid on the road with the help of appro Neten measuring method is aligned in the vertical and lateral directions. After alignment, the track section is fixed by the sleepers be poured with concrete.

In a known method for producing a solid roadway a trough is inscribed on the lower base layer special made of concrete, placed in the sleepers of the to be laid  Track section are inserted. The roughly aligned in this way Track section is then fine-tuned by the sleepers via support spindles, which are supported on the trough, into the intended Height and side position are brought. The support spindles support each other on the one hand on the base plate of the trough and on the other hand on the side upstands, although it is generally not necessary support each sleeper as all sleepers are attached to the rails are and are therefore held by them in a corresponding position. It is therefore sufficient, for example, only every fourth threshold on the ground Support the plate of the trough and align it laterally.

A disadvantage of the known method is that the lateral support spin after pouring the upper base layer no longer accessible are. It has therefore already become known that the lateral straightening means support the two outer walls of the trough. The support will however, this makes it more complex. In addition, there is the same as here previously described method the disadvantage that between the cast top joint and the trough creates a joint that is susceptible to the ingress of water. It is particularly disadvantageous that this Groove continues in the longitudinal direction of the road.

The invention has for its object a method for manufacturing to specify a solid carriageway of the type mentioned at the outset Does not have disadvantages. In particular, the best possible and stable Track alignment enabled in a relatively simple manner and that Long joints should be avoided.  

Furthermore, the invention has for its object an advantageous To specify the system for the lateral direction of the track used by the inventor method according to the invention can be used.

The first-mentioned task is solved by a process with the following steps:

• - Manufacturing a track section with rails and in one predetermined distance from each other fastened sleepers,
• - Arrange and hold the track section at a distance above the lower base layer,
• - Introducing rods into the lower base layer, especially in the center of the lane,
• - straightening the side and height of the track section,
• - Supporting the track section, in particular via at least one Part of the sleepers, on the lower base layer,
• - Fixing the track section, especially on the sleepers the bars against lateral displacement, and
• - Pour the upper base layer, especially using egg ner previously attached formwork.

According to the invention, a trough is therefore completely dispensed with. Instead of of which the track section is abge directly on the lower base layer supports. After aligning the side position of the track section, this is fixed by rods that are introduced into the lower base layer and to which the track section is attached, for example via the sleepers becomes. The track section is aligned in the case of the invention process by a separate device. The support of the Track section can, as in the conventional method, for example  se done via spindles, which are screwed into appropriate nut sleeves that are provided by the manufacturer in or on the sleepers. Because of the absence of the trough and the direct support on the bottom correspondingly longer spindles and sleeves are required Lich, the sleeves can also survive the thresholds. The Thresholds themselves do not have to be enlarged.

As with the known method, it is also sufficient if only one Part of the sleepers supported on the lower base layer and over a Rod is fixed against lateral displacement. Nevertheless, it is manufac tured technically advantageous, all thresholds for support and fixie prepare. This also opens up the possibility of having found Deviation of the track position from the target position additional supports and / or to provide fixations.

An advantage of the method according to the invention is that no Trough is more needed. This eliminates the need for attaching the trough effort required. It is also particularly advantageous that the Gap between the cast upper base layer and the trough is eliminated, those due to their continuous extension upon ingress of water represents a particular danger.

According to a further embodiment of the invention, the rods are in introduced in front of recesses in the lower base layer. The recesses can, for example, laser-controlled, very precisely po be positioned, which also means an exact positioning of the rods results. The necessary displacements of the track section relative to the As a result, bars when aligning are relatively small.  

According to a further embodiment of the invention, the track section fixed in height on the rods. This has the advantage that the track after loosening the support on the lower base layer can follow the shrinkage of the top base material.

According to a further embodiment of the invention, the thresholds after placing the top base at the beginning of setting detached from the rails. This prevents shifts, especially thermal expansions and contractions of the rails After further setting of the upper base layer on the sleepers be transmitted.

According to a further embodiment of the invention, the rod in the Attached to the middle of the threshold. The one in making the smolder Tolerances that occur are halved.

According to a further embodiment of the invention is under the smoldering len covering several thresholds and especially with these connected reinforcement provided, which in the upper base layer with is poured. In the finished roadway acting on the sleepers Forces, especially pushing forces during thermal expansion and contraction tions of the rails are thereby distributed over several sleepers and can be better absorbed.

According to an embodiment of the invention, the recesses in the lower base layer introduced as holes. These can be advantageous be introduced with particularly high accuracy. Another re possibility is the recess as being in the roadway direction continuously extending slot. Furthermore is  it is possible to insert the rods into the lower base layer in this shake.

According to a further embodiment of the invention, the alignment takes place the side and / or height of the track section in two or more Steps. This has proven to be particularly advantageous.

It has also proven to be advantageous to lay the track after Check the fixation and support of the track section and, if necessary to correct again. It is also advantageous the track position to document after fixing the track section.

According to a further embodiment of the invention, the upper base layer used formwork with formwork elements that be anchored in the track area. In particular, the formwork elements via an upper formwork holder on the rail foot or on the Threshold and a lower formwork holder on the reinforcement or on Anchored rod. The lower formwork holder is preferred poured. It can be used to formwork for the Pour the top base course. The formwork can be up to can be reused on the lower formwork holder. Basically it is also possible to use a formwork carriage of a conventional type use.

According to one embodiment of the invention, one-piece thresholds can be used Thresholds with an elongated hole in the middle of the threshold for passage of the rod can be used for the lateral fixation of the threshold. In In this case, suitable adjusting and / or fixing means can be placed in the elongated hole are provided, through which the rod can be passed and after  Alignment of the track section against lateral displacement relative to Threshold or vice versa can be fixed.

According to a further embodiment of the invention, two parts Sleepers with two connected by connecting iron, one each Rail-bearing parts used. The use of two-part smolder len has the advantage that the length of the joints between the threshold and of the cast upper base layer and the weight of the threshold device.

For the lateral fixing of the two-part sleepers on the bars preferably a slidable along the connecting iron and on this fixable sheet with an opening for the rod used. The sheet is preferably formed in two parts, with two, one each Half of the passage opening parts. Can over the sheet the threshold in a simple manner on the rod against lateral displacement be fixed. The two-part design has the advantage that the rod introduced before the threshold is fully aligned laterally can be ge by the two parts sufficiently far apart slide and be assembled only after inserting the rod.

A lifting which can preferably be used for the method according to the invention device for lifting a track section with rails and on paved sleepers includes at least one that spans the carriageway frame, on which, in particular, on the rails Grippers and lifting devices for lifting the track section are attached. Here, the frame is designed to be movable along the road. Such a lifting device can be used to set up the track section be carried out continuously without a variety of lifting devices  is required. The lifting device according to the invention is with the Ar Progress is moving forward and for the entire setup process used.

According to one embodiment of the invention, the frame is additionally provided with tel to align the side and / or height of the track section intended. The lifting device can thereby advantageously be used to align the track section, so that a separate device is unnecessary.

At least three frames are preferably provided, of which at least at least the first has a floor, in particular crawler, chassis. On this way, lifting and aligning the Track section can be carried out in several steps. In particular re becomes a rough alignment with the first frame, with the second Frame a fine alignment, and with the third or another Frame a fine alignment with final fixation of the sleepers executed.

According to a further embodiment of the invention, the others Frame each on a rail chassis, with all frames via Ver tie rods are connected to each other, which is preferred at the same time Wear supply lines. A floor undercarriage is only for needed the first frame, while the other frames on the be Already prepared rails can be moved. For lifting and straightening process, these frames are based on the driving surface of the Bo the undercarriage, i.e. the lower base layer.  

According to a further embodiment of the invention, all frames are open a common floor, especially caterpillar, arranged. This forms a complete device with which the track section can be raised, aligned and fixed.

According to a further embodiment of the invention, the frames Roller tongs for lifting and straightening rollers for aligning the track cuts that roll on the rails. This is a continuous ch lifting and aligning the track section allows.

In addition, the frames preferably also point off the rails Rollable load rollers, through which the rails are held down the. This has also become the mobile lifting and aligning device turned out to be particularly advantageous.

The second problem is solved by a system for straightening a glide ses in the manufacture of a railroad track, especially a fixed one Roadway, in which the rail-bearing sleepers or plates in an upper base layer of the roadway is cast in or with a sol be poured or relined, with a cross to the rail to be arranged directional crossbar, which for direct or indirect Attacking the rails is formed, especially in the underground a lower base layer or the bottom of a trough ble support element, on which the directional crossbar can be supported, and Moving means for moving the directional crossbar relative to the support z element in its longitudinal direction.

According to this invention, the lateral position of the track is not over the Lifting device made, but over a directional crossbar, which itself  on one in the subsurface, especially in the lower base layer, however also supports the bottom of a trough to support the straightening beam via the shifting means provided on the straightening crossbar verse together with the track attached to the desired side position bring to. In particular, a rod can serve as a support element, as previously described. The directional crossbeam is uncomfortable in construction plicated and can be easily handled and transported. At the same time the lifting device for holding the track section is thereby ver simple, since it no longer has to be designed for the lateral direction.

The support element is preferably arranged in the middle of the drive train trained. This simplifies the page direction. Moreover the support element is preferably releasably connectable to the ground. This facilitates dismantling of the straightening crossbar after adequate Hardening of the upper base layer. In the case of a rod, this can in particular In particular, a sleeve that can be inserted into the ground can be provided in which the rod connected to the directional crossbar engages telescopically or the other way around.

The straightening crossmember preferably has a recess which is used for straightening is penetrated by the rod. The shifting means are supported especially in the recess from the directional crossbar to the Move rod. The recess can be an elongated hole in the body of the Straightening crossbar be formed. Likewise, the recess by ei NEN existing on the side of the directional crossbar formed. There this provides good support on the one hand and on the other hand a height displaceability of the directional crossbar relative to the support element  ment to lower the track section when the upper one cures Allow base layer.

According to a further embodiment of the invention, a threshold is as Straightening traverse formed. A separate directional beam is thus removed honest. The threshold can in particular be a Mo. act noblock threshold. But it is also possible to use a two-block threshold to use.

According to a further embodiment of the invention, the directional crossbeam is as formed separate component. A separate component has the advantage that after adequate fixation of the track section, it is removed and attached can be reused elsewhere.

The separate component can span the entire track and recording men to fix the rails. Such a variant is ins especially advantageous in connection with monoblock sleepers.

In the case of two-block sleepers, a separate component can advantageously be used be used, which is to be inserted between the two blocks of the Two-block threshold is formed. The directional crossbeam therefore has one relatively small size and can be located lower become. Due to the shorter lever arm, this advantageously leads at lower moments. There are also no rail mounts on the Straightening traverse required, which has the additional advantage that the shooting NEN are not electrically connected to each other via the directional crossbar. There is also an advantage of using a separate component in that they are made in principle from any material  can. A separate directional crossbar can also be used for wide sleepers or Plates can be used advantageously.

The straightening crossmember can be of various configurations tion as a bar, as a bar or as a box profile. On Box profile is particularly advantageous in the case of a directional crossbeam which is between the two blocks of a two-block threshold can be used.

The side direction of the track section follows after further configuration tion of the invention via at least one set screw, an eccentric or a spindle gear, which each serve as an adjusting device. In order to can the side direction of the track section in a suitable manner be performed.

The spindle gear can for example comprise a threaded rod, which also serves as a directional crossbeam. The straightening device is thereby particularly simple and uncomplicated. To protect against pollution the threaded rod can be provided with a protective bellows.

To fix the track section after straightening during finishing position of the fixed lane can be on the directional crossbar to the side Liche fixation be provided. However, funds can also be provided for this be seen attacking the thresholds. The second variant has the Advantage that the straightening crossbar after straightening and fixing the trackab cut across the thresholds and reassembled elsewhere can be set.  

In addition, means for fixing the height can also be attached to the directional crossbeam hen position of the track section and / or the mutual height of the be provided on both rails. In particular, on the two sides Chen end regions of the directional crossbar each have a spindle device for Abspindeln the directional crossbar be arranged. The attitude is thereby possible without any problems.

According to a further embodiment of the invention are in the directional crossbar Sleeves with internal thread are provided, in which spindles are inserted. The sleeves are in particular detachably connected to the directional crossbeam the. For example, the sleeves with a bayonet lock the directional crossbar. This allows the spindle to be advantageous t be removed from the directional crossbeam.

According to a further embodiment of the invention, the spindles are the Spindle device at the same time as formwork holder for a formwork for the upper base layer is formed. Separate formwork holders can be there saved by.

To anchor the formwork, this can also be done after a further embodiment of the method according to the invention by means of Win are supported on the side of the upper support to be manufactured Layer be set up, the angle supports over traction devices such as Ropes or wires are each broken into the lower base layer ten rod or the like can be anchored. This has also become ver Anchorage of the formwork was found to be advantageous.  

The traction means are preferably releasably attached to the angle supports. There through the angle brackets after hardening of the manufactured support layer can be solved in a simple manner and stand for a reuse available.

For example, the traction means can have a loop at one end have and through a passage in the angle brackets be performed. The traction means can then be attached to the Angle supports are anchored. The pins are simply removed to release them the end loops of the traction means pulled out again.

It is also preferred if the traction means directly above the direct one Base layer to be anchored to the rod, especially via the rod comprehensive ring. Because of the small lever arm influencing the rod is avoided.

At the angle supports, the traction means can both immediately above attack the lower base layer as well as further up. This can be done before is done in the manner of a rope triangle. The when placing the concrete for the upper support layer acting on the angle supports will be there intercepted by optimal.

Embodiments of the invention are shown in the drawing and are described below. It shows, each in a schematic diagram position:

Fig. 1 shows a cross section through a prepared by the process of this invention with two-part rigid track threshold,

Fig. 1a, b show two variants of Fig. 1 with monoblock sleeper,

Fig. 1c shows a variant of Fig. 1 with plate,

Fig. 2 shows a section according to line II-II in Fig. 1,

Fig. 3 is a plan view of a detail of Fig. 2,

Fig. 4 is a side view of an inventive lifting and aligning device for use in a method according to the invention,

Fig. 5 is an illustration of the use of an inventive direction in front of an inventive method in aufeinan of the following steps,

Fig. 6 is a plan view of another inventive lifting and aligning device for use in a method according to the invention,

Fig. 7 is a side view of the apparatus of Fig. 6 in use,

Fig. 8 is a side view of a separate alignment crossbeam,

Fig. 9 is a plan view of the alignment crossbeam of Fig. 8,

Fig. 10 is a plan view of another alignment crossbeam,

Fig. 11 is a side view of the alignment crossbeam of Fig. 10,

Fig. 12 is a side view of yet a separate alignment crossbeam,

Fig. 13 is a plan view of the alignment crossbeam of Fig. 12,

Fig. 14 shows a detail of Fig. 12,

Fig. 15 shows a detail of Fig. 14 in a perspective view;

Fig. 16 is a side view of a further detail of FIG. 14,

Fig. 17 shows a variant of Fig. 16,

Fig. 18 is a side view of a cross member designed as a directional threshold,

Fig. 19 is a plan view of the threshold of FIG. 18,

Fig. 20 is a side view of another variant of the inventive SEN alignment crossbeam,

Fig. 21 is a plan view of the alignment crossbeam of Fig. 20,

Fig. 22 is a side view of another variant of the inventive SEN alignment crossbeam,

Fig. 23 is a plan view of the alignment crossbeam of Fig. 22,

FIG. 24 is a side view of yet a variant of the alignment crossbeam invention,

Fig. 25 is a plan view of the alignment crossbeam of Fig. 24,

Fig. 26 shows a cross section through a further variant of the roadway according to the Invention and

Fig. 27 is a plan view of a detail of Fig. 26.

Fig. 1 shows a two-part threshold 1 with a first part 2 and a second part 3 , each carrying a rail 4 , 5 , which are connected to the threshold 1 via releasable fastening means 6 . The two parts 2 and 3 of the threshold 1 are connected to one another via connecting rods 7 , which are supplemented by struts 7 'to form a reinforcement cage 8 .

The sleepers 1 are cast with the connecting iron 7 and the reinforcement cage 8 in an upper base layer 9 made of concrete, which is applied to a lower base layer 10 , in particular a hydraulically bound base layer. Furthermore, in the upper support layer 9 is connected to the reinforcement cage 8 , in particular brittle, steel mat 11 poured.

The two parts 2 and 3 of the threshold 1 each have one-sided or two-sided concrete or reinforcing extensions 12 through which threaded sleeves 13 are guided, which project downwards over the parts 2 and 3 of the threshold 1 and are connected to the reinforcement cage 8 . In the Ge threaded sleeves 13 spindles 14 are screwed, each having a base plate 15 at its lower end, with which the spindles 14 can be supported on the lower base layer 10 .

In the middle between the two parts 2 and 3 of the sleeper 1 there is a fixing plate 16 , which is longitudinally displaceably guided on the connecting iron 7 and has a central passage opening 17 , which is shown in detail in FIGS. 2 and 3. Through the passage opening 17 of the fixing plate 16 , a rod 18 is guided, which projects with its lower end into a recess 19 in the lower base layer 10 . The rod 18 is preferably fixed in its height in the recess 19 , which is a slot or a bore extending in the longitudinal direction of the roadway, while the fixing plate 16 is guided on the rod 18 so as to be displaceable in height.

Fig. 1 also shows formwork elements 20 which are arranged laterally of the upper support layer 9 and he stretch in the longitudinal direction of the carriageway. The formwork elements 20 are anchored via an upper formwork holder 21 and a lower formwork holder 22 to the threshold support of the threshold 1 or via iron with formwork locks on the rod. In a simplified solution, the lower formwork holder 22 a can be anchored to a steel mat 11 attached to the threshold. The upper formwork brackets 21 a are each attached to a rail foot 23 , 24 of the rails 4 , 5 and are preferably made from round steel. The lower formwork holder 22 a are preferably made of flat steel and are each suspended in a strut of the steel mat 11 .

As can be seen in FIGS . 2 and 3, the fixing plate 16 is formed with two ligaments, with two mirror-symmetrically designed halves 25 , 26 , each encompassing two connecting irons 7 and between them the passage opening 17 for the rod 18 is omitted. The two halves 25 and 26 also each have at least one passage opening 27 , 28 for the implementation of fasteners, in particular an Allen screw 29 , 30 , each of which cooperate with a nut 31 , 32 . The nuts 31 , 32 are preferably welded to the two halves 25 , 26 so that they are captive. Instead of being fixed by fastening means 27 , 29 , the halves 25 , 26 can also be welded to the threshold reinforcement.

The lifting and straightening device shown in Fig. 4 comprises a frame 33 with a central, horizontal support 34 , in which two lateral arms 35 and 36 can be extended and retracted, which in turn are connected at their free ends to vertical supports 37 and 38 are, which are guided vertically on vertical guides 39 and 40 in height. The vertical guides 39 , 40 are supported with their lower ends on a Bo denfahrträger 41 , 42 , in particular a crawler chassis, with which the frame 33 on the lower base layer 10 is movable.

On the underside of the central, horizontal support 34 , Hebezylin 43 with roller tongs 44 and running and straightening rollers 45 are attached. In addition, an Ar beitsbühne 46 is provided below the horizontal, central support 34 . About the lifting cylinder 43 with the Rollenzan gene 44 , the rails 4 and 5 of a track section to be relocated can be raised, the frame 33 at the same time in the longitudinal direction of the rails NEN 4 , 5 is movable. The same applies to the running and straightening rollers 45 , which are supported on the top and on the sides of the rails 4 , 5 . The extension arms 35 , 36 are retracted and extended via a drive 47 . Correspondingly, for the raising and lowering of the vertical supports 37 and 38 on the vertical guides 39 and 40 as well as for the movement of the frame 33 along the road, not Darge presented drives are provided.

To produce a solid carriageway using the method according to the invention, a track section with sleepers 1 and rails 4 , 5 is raised by means of the frame 33 of the lifting and straightening device shown in FIG. 4 and positioned roughly aligned above the lower base layer 10 of the carriageway. Then at a threshold 1 in the lower base layer 10 , in particular laser-controlled, a hole is introduced and then a rod 18 is hammered or screwed into the hole 19 or inserted and cast. Next, the threshold 1 is aligned laterally and in height via the frame 33 , it also being possible to set an inclination in the transverse direction of the roadway. Then the spindles 14 are screwed out of the sleeves 13 until they are seated on the lower base layer 10 with their base plates 15 . At the same time or subsequently, the threshold 1 is fixed by means of the fixing plate 16 on the rod 18 mutual displacement by pushing the two parts 25 and 26 of the fixing plate 16 together along the connecting struts 7 and tightening them by screwing in the Allen screws 29 , 30 . Instead of the Allen screws, welding can also be provided.

After the threshold 1 has been fixed in the intended position, it is poured into the upper base layer 9 . For this purpose, the formwork 20 , 21 , 22 is attached beforehand. When the upper base layer material, in particular the concrete, begins to set, the spindles 14 are preferably turned up into the sleeves 13 so that the threshold 1 can follow a shrinkage of the upper base layer 9 when setting. The threshold 1 slides down with the fixing plate 16 on the rod 18 . The lateral fixation of the threshold 1 is retained.

The fastenings 6 of the rails 4 and 5 can now be released in order to avoid the introduction of forces during the further setting of the upper base layer 9 in the sleeper 1 via the rails 4 , 5 . After the upper base layer 9 has completely set, the rail fastenings 6 are then tightened again and the formwork elements 20 and the upper formwork holder 21 are removed. The lower Schalungshal ter 22 , 22 a, however, remain in the upper base layer 9 .

As shown in FIG. 5, the described production of the solid carriageway is preferably carried out in cycles according to the inventive method. After the sleepers 1 and the rails 4 , 5 have been deposited either in the Jochverfah ren or in the individual laying process on the lower base layer 10 , the manufacturing method according to the invention begins with the first cycle shown in Fig. 5a. Here, the rails 4 , 5 with the sleepers 1 attached to them are raised by means of a first frame 33 and roughly aligned at a distance from the lower base layer 10 . The frame 33 then moves forward in the working direction I into the position shown in FIG. 5b. The first frame 33 , which is supported on the lower supporting layer 10 by a crawler track 41 , 42 , takes along two further frames 33 ', 33 ''via connecting rods 48 , which are supported on the rails 4 , 5 by the rollers 45 .

In the second work cycle shown in FIG. 5b, a threshold 1 is roughly aligned again by the first frame 33 , while the second frame 33 ′ finely aligns the threshold 1 that was already roughly aligned by the first frame 33 in the previous work cycle. The second frame is supported on the lower base layer 10 via support means 51 .

The sleepers 1 aligned by the frames 33 and 33 'are supported on the lower supporting layer 10 by unscrewing the spindles 14 from the sleeves 13 . The thresholds 1 in between can, but do not have to be supported by turning off their spindles 14 .

In the third work cycle, which is shown in FIG. 5c, the third frame 33 ″ also becomes active in order to fine-tune and finally fix the previously roughly and finely aligned threshold 1 . That is, the spindles 14 are brought into their end positions, and the threshold 1 is fixed to the rod 18 by the fixing plate 16 on the Verbindungsei sen 7 is clamped or welded. The third frame is also supported on the lower support layer 10 via support means 51 . At the same time, the first frame 33 again roughly aligns a further threshold 1 and the second frame 33 ′ carries out the fine alignment of the threshold 1 roughly aligned by the first frame 33 .

Fig. 5d shows the next operating cycle, in which the three frames 33, 33 'and 33' 'are advanced again in the direction I by a certain threshold number. In this work cycle, the second threshold 1 is finely aligned and fixed by the third frame 33 ″. The formwork 20 can now be attached in order to cast the two fixed sleepers 1 and the sleepers 1 lying between them into the upper carrier material 9 . After the upper base layer 9 has set completely, the formwork 20 is removed. If necessary after cleaning, it can be reused further forward.

As shown in Fig. 1a, 1b and 1c show, instead of the principle, any illustrated in FIG. 1 two piece threshold 1 different thresholds, in particular one-part sleepers or plates 1 are used a. It is only necessary to provide a fastening option for the rod 18 on the sleepers 1 or plates 1 a, for example an elongated hole 49 or a lateral device such as a bracket 50 or a lateral recess 50 a in the middle of a one-piece threshold 1 or Plate 1 a with suitable adjusting and / or fixing agents.

The alignment of the sleepers 1 and the rails 4 , 5 is in particular laser-controlled. In principle, however, all other possible measurement methods can also be used. All sleepers are preferably provided with sleeves 13 , so that any sleepers or all sleepers can be supported on the lower base layer 10 if necessary. The Fi xierplatten 16 are preferably provided on all sleepers 1 or designed so that they can be retrofitted.

Another device for lifting and straightening a track section to be laid is shown in FIGS. 6 and 7. The device comprises a floor undercarriage 52 with four caterpillars 53 on which the entire lifting and straightening means are arranged. Otherwise, the device essentially corresponds to the device described above. In principle, the device is also used in the same way as described above. Because of the crawler track 52 , the device presented can be moved completely independently of the track.

In the variant shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, a sleeve-shaped bolt 102 is introduced and anchored in a base layer 101 of a solid carriageway. A rod 103 engages in the sleeve-shaped bolt 102 with its lower end, which is guided in an elongated hole 104 of a cross member 105 according to arrow I so as to be displaceable in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the cross member 105 . In principle, however, such a design is also possible, for example, in which the rod 103 engages around the bolt 102 . A set screw 106 , which is rotatably mounted in a thread 107 of the cross member 105 , acts laterally on the rod 103 . This adjusting screw 106 is used to move the rod 103 relative to the cross member 105 or vice versa.

On its top 108 , the traverse 105 has two receptacles 109 for two rails of a track, not shown here. On the recording 109 , the rails are fixed laterally relative to the cross member 105 . Therefore, the rails used are moved laterally with the traverse 105 by actuating the adjusting screw 106 . In this way, the side position of the track can be set up.

Such trusses 105 can be provided in principle between each threshold in a track to be set up. But it is also possible to provide the trusses 105 only at certain intervals, that is, not between all sleepers. The sleepers themselves can also be designed in this way as a beam.

After the track has been aligned laterally via the crossbeams 105 and above the sleepers in height, an upper support layer is applied to the lower support layer 101 , into which the sleepers are cast. After the upper base layer has hardened sufficiently, the cross members 105 can be detached from the rails and removed. For this purpose, the rod 103 is preferably releasably connected to the cross member 105 , for example screwed into it. After removing the rod 103 and loosening the rails from the crosshead 105 , it can be slightly lowered compared to the track and then removed laterally to who. As a result, the traverses 105 can be reused.

A further possibility of setting the lateral direction via the crossmember 105 is shown in FIGS. 10 and 11. Accordingly, an Exzenterein device 110 is used, which is arranged in the slot 104 of the cross member 105 . The eccentric device 110 consists of a rod 111 which is inserted into the sleeve-shaped bolt 102 and anchored there by an internal support device. The upper end of the rod 111 protrudes above the cross member 105 . The actual eccentric, which is fixed by lateral guide strips 112 on the cross member 105 , is arranged on this section of the rod 111 . The eccentric 110 comprises an eccentric section 113 , which engages on the guide strips 112 of the cross member 105 to move the cross member, and an actuating section 114 , in particular a hexagonal section, in order to rotate the eccentric according to arrow II. After the lateral position of the cross member 105 has been set , the eccentric is fixed, in particular by means of a wedge 115 in the sleeve-shaped bolt 102 . In this case, too, the sleepers themselves can be designed as a directional crossbar.

Another idea is to use the separate traverse 105 in addition to determining the height of the track and the mutual height of the two rails of the track. This is shown in FIGS. 12 to 16. Accordingly, a spindle device 116 is provided on the cross member 105 on both lateral outer sides, which can function in principle like the known spindle devices on sleepers. By turning the spindles 117 in the sleeves 118 with an internal thread, the spindles are placed on the support layer 101 in order to fix the set height. It is preferred if the sleeve 118 is releasably connected to the cross member 105 , for example via a bayonet lock, as is indicated in FIGS. 12 to 16. As a result, the spindle 117 can be released from the cross member 105 . For this purpose, the sleeve 118 is released from the cross member 105 and the spindle device 116 is pulled out with the spindle 117 upward. Of course, other coupling options between sleeve 118 and cross member 105 can also be used. The rotation of the spindle 117 takes place, for example, via a hexagon 119 .

As shown in Fig. 17, the spindle can also be used as a formwork holder. For this, the formwork 120 is suspended in the spindle 117 or otherwise connected to it. Subsequently, the upper base layer 121 or an underpour 121 a can be applied to the lower base layer 101 . After removing the spindle unit 116 , the formwork 120 can also be removed.

FIGS. 18 and 19 show a traverse constructed as a directional monoblock sleeper 150 bar receptacles 151 and a central elongated hole 152, in which the straightening device 153 engages. This is in the embodiment according to FIGS. 18 and 19 as a spindle drive is out, with a cylinder disposed in a housing 154 spindle gear which is actuated via a hand wheel 155, a housing passing through spindle 156 and secured to the housing sleeve 157, the engages over a bolt 159 introduced into the lower support layer 158 . The spindle 156 has at each of its two ends a support plate 160 with which it is supported in the slot 152 of the concrete sleeper 150 .

By turning the handwheel 155 , the gear moves with the gear housing 154 in the corresponding direction according to arrow I along the spindle 156 . Since the transmission housing 154 is supported via the bushing 157 on the bolt 159, thereby the monoblock sleeper is pushed laterally ver with the fixed rail in the receptacles 151 rails 150th In this way, the desired lateral position of the Gleisab section can be set. The gear is preferably designed as a reduction gear so that it is secured against unwanted adjustment.

The variant shown in FIGS. 20 and 21 works in principle in the same way. Here too, a spindle gear 153 , preferably designed as a reduction gear, is provided, which is supported on the lower support layer 158 via a sleeve 157 and a bolt 159 . In contrast to the previous variant, the spindle 156 is, however, extended to form a separate straightening cross member, which carries a rail holder 151 at both ends. The variant shown in FIGS. 20 and 21 is thus used between two sleepers or, in the case of panel construction, between the rail support points in order to laterally align the track section. In addition, the handwheel 155 is provided here on the top of the gear housing 154 . To avoid contamination of the spindle 156 , two protective bellows 161 are also provided on both sides of the spindle housing 154 , only one of which is shown.

In the variant shown in FIGS . 22 and 23, the directional crossbeam is designed as a box profile 162 . This in turn has a central recess 163 , in which an eccentric 164 is inserted in the manner previously described. The lateral ends of the box section 162 are formed with bevelled walls 165 , the inclination of which corresponds to the inclination of the opposite walls 166 of the two blocks 167 of a two-block threshold 168 . As a result, the box section 162 can be easily inserted between the two blocks 167 of the monoblock threshold 168 .

The eccentric 164 is also supported, also in the manner previously described, by means of a bolt 169 in the lower support layer 170 . By rotating the eccentric 164 , the box profile 162 can be moved laterally relative to the lower base layer 170 . The track section is taken along via the rail mountings 171 on the two blocks 167 of the two-block threshold 168 and can thus be aligned laterally in the desired manner.

The variant shown in FIGS. 24 and 25 shown again comprises a spindle gear 172 having a hand wheel 173 and a spindle 174th At the two ends of the spindle 174 receiving shoes 175 are arranged, which automatically adjust in their inclination to the inclination of the opposite sides 176 of the two blocks 177 of a monoblock threshold 178 . The spindle gear is in turn seated in a gear housing 179 which is supported via a sleeve 180 on a bolt 181 which is introduced into a lower support layer 182 . The spindle 174 is in turn provided with two protective bellows 183 , of which only one is shown here. In addition, the two blocks 177 of the two-block sleeper 178 also carry rail receptacles 184 here.

When the handwheel 173 is rotated, the spindle 174 moves according to arrow I in the lateral direction and takes the two-block sleeper 178 and thus the two rails in the rail receptacles 184 via the receiving shoes 175 . In this way, the track can be directed sideways. The transmission is again preferably designed as a transmission gear, so that it is secured against unwanted adjustment.

In the variant shown in FIGS . 26 and 27, a rod 202 , in particular a straightening bolt, is introduced and anchored in a lower supporting layer 201 . In the two side regions of the lower support layer 201 , angle supports 203 are placed on the lower support layer 201 , which comprise a vertical leg 204 and, as shown in FIG. 27, two horizontal legs 205 enclosing an angle α. Between the angle brackets 203 and the rod 202 , a wire rope 206 is stretched, which is anchored at one end to a steel ring 207, which is applied to the rod 202 . The other ends of the wire cables 206 are each guided through a passage 208 in the angle supports 203 and have a loop 209 . These ends of the wire cables 206 are anchored to the angle supports 203 via a pin 210 . As shown in dashed and dash-dotted lines, additional wire ropes 211 and 212 can be provided in addition to the wire ropes 206 , which are also fastened to the steel ring 207 or in a central section of the wire rope 206 . The other ends of these additional ropes 211 and 212 are anchored in an upper portion of the vertical leg 204 of the angle brackets 203 , also preferably detachable.

After the angle supports have been set up and anchored, the formwork boards 213 are attached. As can be seen from Fig. 27, the formwork boards are arranged so that the wire cables 206 , 211 , 212 each run between two adjacent formwork boards. There is no need for separate bushings in the formwork boards. After the scarf boards 213 have been attached, the concrete layer can be poured between the opposite shuttering boards. When the concrete layer is sufficiently hardened, the angle brackets 203 are removed by pulling the pins 210 out of the loops 209 . The formwork boards 213 can then also be removed. In this way, not only the formwork boards 213 but also the Win kelstützen 203 are available for reuse. Only the wire ropes 206 , 211 and 212 are lost. This makes the method according to the invention particularly simple and economical.

In principle, all of the variants described can be combined with one another and the various details such as adjustment direction and support among the different variants be exchanged.  

Reference list

1

threshold

1

a plate

2nd

part of

1

3rd

part of

1

4th

rail

5

rail

6

Rail fastening

7

Connecting iron

7

'' Connecting strut

8th

Reinforcement cage

9

upper base layer

10th

lower base layer

11

Steel mat

12th

Approach

2nd

or

3rd

13

Sleeve

14

spindle

15

Base plate

16

Fixing plate

17th

Recess in

16

18th

Rod

19th

Recess in

10th

20th

Formwork element

21

,

21

a upper formwork holder

22

,

22

a lower formwork holder

23

Rail foot

24th

Rail foot

25th

Half of

16

26

Half of

16

27

Passage opening

28

Passage opening

29

Allen screw

30th

Allen screw

31

mother

32

mother

33

frame

34

horizontal, central support

35

side extension arm

36

side extension arm

37

Vertical beam

38

Vertical beam

39

Vertical guidance

40

Vertical guidance

41

chassis

42

chassis

43

Lifting cylinder

44

Roller tongs

45

Running and straightening role

46

Working platform

47

drive

48

Connecting rod

49

Long hole

50

hanger

50

a side recess

51

Support means

101

lower base layer

102

Sleeve

103

Rod

104

Long hole

105

traverse

106

Set screw

107

thread

108

Top of

105

109

Rail mounting

110

Eccentric device

111

Rod

112

Guide bar

113

Eccentric section

114

Operating section

115

wedge

116

Spindle device

117

spindle

118

Sleeve

119

Hexagon

120

formwork

121

upper base layer

150

Monoblock threshold

151

Rail mounting

152

Long hole

153

Spindle drive

154

Gear housing

155

Handwheel

156

spindle

157

Sleeve

158

lower base layer

159

bolt

160

Support plate

161

Bellows

162

Box profile

163

Recess

164

Eccentric device

165

Side wall

166

Side wall

167

block

168

Two-block threshold

169

bolt

170

lower base layer

171

Rail mounting

172

Spindle drive

173

Handwheel

174

spindle

175

Recording shoe

176

Side wall

177

block

178

Two-block threshold

179

Gear housing

180

Sleeve

181

bolt

182

lower base layer

183

Bellows

184

Rail mounting

201

lower base layer

202

Rod

203

Angle support

204

leg

205

leg

206

Wire rope

207

Steel ring

208

execution

209

loop

210

pen

211

Wire rope

212

Wire rope

213

Scarf board
I direction of displacement
II Direction of rotation of

110

α angle

Claims (63)

1. A method for producing a solid track for rail vehicles with transversely to the track, the rails ( 4 , 5 ) carrying thresholds ( 1 ) or plates ( 1 a), in particular made of concrete, in an upper base layer ( 9 ), in particular also made of concrete, a poured or poured or relined with this, which in turn is supported on a lower base layer ( 10 ), in particular a so-called hydraulically bound base layer, with the following steps:

• - Manufacture of a track section with rails ( 4 , 5 ) and dar on fixed at a predetermined distance from each other sleepers ( 1 ) or plates ( 1 a),
• - Arranging and holding the track section at a distance above half the lower base layer ( 10 ),
• Introduction of bars ( 18 ) into the lower base layer ( 10 ), in particular in the middle of the carriageway,
• - straightening the side and height of the track section,
• - Supporting the track section, in particular over at least part of the sleepers ( 1 ) or plates ( 1 a), on the lower base layer ( 10 ),
• - Fixing the track section, in particular on the sleepers ( 1 ) or plates ( 1 a) on the associated rods ( 18 ) against lateral displacement, and
• - Pouring the upper base layer ( 9 ) or the underpour or the relining, in particular using a formwork ( 20 ) attached before.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the rods ( 18 ) in previously in the lower base layer ( 10 ) introduced Ausneh lines ( 19 ) are introduced. 3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the track section is displaceable in height on the rods ( 18 ) be fastened. 4. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the sleepers ( 1 ) or plates ( 1 a) after the support from the track section on the lower base layer ( 10 ) from the rails ( 4 , 5 ) are released. 5. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the rods ( 18 ) in each case in the middle of the associated gene threshold ( 1 ) are attached to this. 6. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that under the sleepers ( 1 ) or plates ( 1 a) a plurality of sleepers ( 1 ) covering and in particular associated with this reinforcement ( 11 ) is provided, which in the upper support layer ( 9 ) is also cast in. 7. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the sleepers ( 1 ) have a partially in the sleepers ( 1 ) cast reinforcement cage ( 8 ) with which the Ar mation ( 11 ) is connected. 8. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the recesses ( 19 ) in the lower support layer ( 10 ) are made as bores. 9. The method according to any one of the preceding claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the recesses ( 19 ) in the lower base layer ( 10 ) as continuously extending in the longitudinal direction he extending slot are introduced. 10. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized ge indicates that the alignment of the side and / or height hen position of the track section in two or more steps. 11. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized ge indicates that the track position after fixation and support of the track section checked and if necessary again is corrected. 12. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized ge indicates that the track position after fixing the track from section is documented. 13. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a formwork with formwork elements ( 20 ) is used for casting the upper base layer ( 9 ) or the underpour or relining, which are anchored to the track. 14. The method according to claim 13, characterized in that the formwork elements ( 20 ) are anchored via an upper formwork holder to egg nem rail foot ( 23 , 24 ) and via a lower formwork holder ( 22 ) on the reinforcement ( 11 ). 15. The method according to claim 14, characterized in that the lower formwork holder ( 22 ) is cast in the upper base layer ( 9 ) or the potting. 16. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that one-piece sleepers ( 1 ) or plates ( 1 a) with egg ni elongated hole, a central or a lateral recess, in the sleeper or plate center for passing the rod ( 18 ) be used. 17. The method according to any one of the preceding claims 1 to 15, characterized in that two-part sleepers ( 1 ) are used with two parts ( 2 , 3 ) which are connected to one another via connecting rods ( 7 ) and each carry a rail ( 4 , 5 ). 18. The method according to claim 17, characterized in that for the lateral fixing of the sleepers ( 1 ) on the bars ( 18 ) along the connecting iron ( 7 ) displaceable and fixable on this fixable plate ( 16 ) with a passage opening ( 17 ) for the Rod ( 18 ) is used. 19. The method according to claim 18, characterized in that the fi xierplatte ( 16 ) is formed in two parts, with two each one half of the passage opening ( 17 ) having parts ( 25 , 26 ). 20. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized ge indicates that the alignment of the track section by a separate device is made. 21.Lifting device for lifting a track section with rails ( 4 , 5 ) and sleepers ( 1 ) fastened thereon in the production of a solid track for rail vehicles with at least one frame ( 33 ) spanning the track, on which, in particular on the rails ( 4 , 5 ), engaging grippers ( 44 ) and lifting means ( 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 ) for lifting the track section are attached, in particular for use in a method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the frame ( 33 ) along the Roadway is designed to be movable. 22. The apparatus according to claim 21, characterized in that on the frame ( 33 ) additional means ( 45 ) for aligning the side and / or the height of the track section are provided. 23. The apparatus according to claim 21 or 22, characterized in that at least three frames ( 33 , 33 ', 33 '') are provided, of which at least the first frame ( 33 ) has a floor, in particular crawler track ( 41 , 42 ) , having. 24. The device according to claim 23, characterized in that the further frame ( 33 ', 33 '') have support means ( 51 ) for support during the lifting and straightening work and a rail undercarriage ( 45 ) for transport. 25. The apparatus of claim 23 or 24, characterized in that all frames ( 33 , 33 ', 33 '') are connected to one another via connecting rods ( 48 ), which preferably carry connecting lines at the same time. 26. The apparatus according to claim 23, characterized in that all frames ( 33 , 33 ', 33 '') are arranged on a common floor, in particular caterpillar track re. 27. The device according to one of claims 22 to 26, characterized in that the frame ( 33 , 33 ', 33 '') roller tongs ( 44 ) for holding and straightening rollers ( 45 ) for aligning the track section have on the Rails ( 4 , 5 ) can be unrolled. 28. The apparatus according to claim 26, characterized in that the frames ( 33 , 33 ', 33 '') additionally on the rails ( 4 , 5 ) have rollable load rollers ( 45 ) which hold down the rails ( 4 , 5 ). 29. System for straightening a track in the manufacture of a railroad carriageway, in particular a solid carriageway, in which the rail-bearing sleepers or plates are poured into an upper base layer of the carriageway or are poured or lined with it, with one to be arranged transversely to the rails Straightening traverse ( 105 ), which is designed for direct or indirect engagement with the rails, a support element ( 103 ) which can be fixed in the ground, in particular a lower support layer ( 101 ) or the bottom of a trough, on which the straightening crossbar ( 105 ) can be supported is, and displacement means ( 106 ) for moving the directional cross member ( 105 ) relative to the support element ( 103 ) in its longitudinal direction (I). 30. System according to claim 29, characterized in that the support element ( 103 ) is arranged for arrangement in the middle of the road. 31. System according to claim 29 or 30, characterized in that the support element ( 103 ) is releasably connectable to the substrate ( 101 ). 32. System according to one of claims 29 to 31, characterized in that a rod ( 103 ) which can be fixed in the base ( 101 ) and on which the adjusting means ( 106 ) act serves as a support element. 33. System according to claim 32, characterized in that a sleeve ( 102 ) which can be introduced into the substrate ( 101 ) is provided for receiving the rod ( 103 ). 34. System according to one of claims 29 to 33, characterized in that the straightening cross member ( 105 ) has a recess ( 104 ) which is penetrated by the rod ( 103 ) during straightening. 35. System according to claim 34, characterized in that the displacement means ( 110 ) in the recess ( 104 ) are supported. 36. System according to claim 34 or 35, characterized in that the recess ( 104 ) is designed as an elongated hole in the body of the directional crossbeam ( 105 ). 37. System according to claim 34 or 35, characterized in that the recess by a laterally on the directional cross-member which bracket ( 50 ) is formed. 38. System according to claim 29 to 37, characterized in that egg ne threshold ( 150 ) or plate is designed as a directional crossbar. 39. System according to claim 38, characterized in that the threshold ( 150 ) is a monoblock threshold. 40. System according to claim 29 to 37, characterized in that the directional cross member ( 105 ) is designed as a separate component. 41. System according to claim 40, characterized in that the separate component spans the entire track and has receptacles ( 109 ) for fixing the rails. 42. System according to claim 40, characterized in that the separate component ( 162 ) is designed for insertion between the two blocks ( 167 ) of a two-block threshold ( 168 ). 43. System according to one of claims 40 to 42, characterized in that the directional cross member is designed as a threaded rod ( 156 ). 44. System according to one of claims 40 to 42, characterized in that the directional cross member ( 105 ) is designed as a bar. 45. System according to one of claims 40 to 42, characterized in that the directional cross member is designed as a box profile ( 162 ). 46. System according to one of claims 29 to 45, characterized in that at least one adjusting screw ( 106 ) serves as Verstellein direction. 47. System according to one of claims 29 to 45, characterized in that an eccentric ( 110 ) serves as an adjusting device. 48. System according to one of claims 29 to 45, characterized in that a spindle drive ( 153 ) serves as an adjusting device. 49. System according to claim 48, characterized in that the spin delantrieb ( 153 ) comprises a threaded rod ( 156 ) which also serves as a directional crossbar. 50. System according to claim 49, characterized in that the Ge threaded rod ( 156 ) is provided with a protective bellows ( 161 ). 51. System according to any one of claims 29 to 50, characterized records that on the directional cross member means for lateral fixation of the track section during the completion of the slab track are provided. 52. System according to any one of claims 29 to 50, characterized in that means are provided for lateral fixing of the track, which act on the sleepers ( 1 ) or plates ( 1 a). 53. System according to one of claims 29 to 52, characterized in that means are provided on the directional cross member ( 105 ) for fixing the height of the track and / or the mutual height of the two rails. 54. System according to claim 53, characterized in that a spindle device ( 116 ) for unwinding the directional crossbar ( 105 ) is arranged on each of the two lateral end regions of the directional crossbar ( 105 ). 55. System according to claim 54, characterized in that in the directional cross member ( 105 ) sleeves ( 118 ) with an internal thread are provided, in which spindles ( 117 ) are inserted. 56. System according to claim 55, characterized in that the sleeves ( 118 ) are detachably connected to the directional cross member ( 105 ). 57. System according to claim 56, characterized in that the sleeves ( 118 ) are connected via a bayonet lock with the directional cross member ( 105 ). 58. System according to one of claims 54 to 57, characterized in that the spindles ( 117 ) of the spindle device ( 116 ) at the same time as formwork holder for a formwork ( 120 ) for the upper base layer ( 121 ) or the underpour or relining are formed from. 59. Process for the production of a solid track for rail vehicles with cross-track provided, rail-bearing sleepers or plates, in particular made of concrete, which are poured into a support layer, in particular also made of concrete, or are poured or relined with this, which in turn is on a lower base layer ( 201 ), in particular a so-called hy-metallic bonded base layer, is supported, in which the upper base layer or the underpour or the lining with means attached to both sides of the roadway cladding ( 213 ) directly on site on the underlying base layer ( 201 ) is shed, in particular according to a method of claims 1 to 20, characterized in that the cladding ( 213 ) by means of Win kelstützen ( 203 ) are supported, which are set up to the side of the upper base layer to be manufactured, and that the angle brackets ( 203 ) over Traction means ( 206 , 211 , 212 ) such as ropes or wires j can each be anchored to a rod ( 202 ) or the like introduced into the lower supporting layer ( 201 ). 60. The method according to claim 59, characterized in that the traction means ( 206 , 211 , 212 ) are releasably attached to the angle supports ( 203 ). 61. The method according to claim 60, characterized in that the traction means ( 206 , 211 , 212 ) with a loop ( 209 ) through a passage ( 208 ) in the angle brackets ( 203 ) and then by means of a through the loop ( 209 ) inserted Pin ( 210 ) can be anchored to the angle supports ( 203 ). 62. The method according to any one of claims 59 to 61, characterized in that the traction means ( 206 , 211 , 212 ) are anchored directly above the lower supporting layer ( 201 ) on the rod ( 202 ), in particular above one of the rod ( 202 ) comprising ring ( 207 ). 63. The method according to any one of claims 59 to 62, characterized in that the traction means ( 206 , 211 , 212 ) in particular in the manner of a rope triangle on the angle supports ( 203 ) on the one hand immediately above the lower base layer ( 201 ) and on the other hand further up attack.