EP1169516B1 - Method for renewing railway lines - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for renewing railway lines having a substructure (5), a bed (4) consisting of ballast and a track (3) that is mounted thereon and consists of rails (1) and sleepers (2). The inventive method comprises the following steps: removing the existing superstructure (4) that is associated with the track and laying the track (3) on the substructure (5), removing the existing substructure (5, 6) in relation to the track to the depth that is required for the construction of the new railway line, if necessary and laying the track (3) on the resulting base (6), optionally embedding the substructure (9) required for the track, for the new railway line, embedding at least one support layer (8), especially a free or hydraulic support layer, for a solid railway, retreating the existing track (3), producing the solid railway with a track (3) which is mounted on a concrete or asphalt support layer (7) or with a track (3) with sleepers (2) which are cast into a concrete layer, whereby a new track (3) is projected and adjusted.

Description

The present invention relates to a method for renewing a Track system with a substructure, a bedding, in particular made of gravel, and a track made of rails and sleepers.

Track systems have to be renewed from time to time because of the ballast bedding is changed by the load. In particular, the Crushed stones crushed by the load. This can cause a deviation occur from the intended track position, without costly conservation measures can lead to a hazard.

The invention has for its object a method for renewal to specify a track system, through which an advantageously renewing track system by a modern track system with great stability can be replaced.

• gleisgebundenes Ausbauen der vorhandenen Bettung und Ablegen des Gleises auf dem Unterbau,
• erforderlichenfalls gleisgebundenes Ausbauen des vorhandenen Unterbaues bis auf eine für den Bau der neuen Gleisanlage erforderliche Tiefe und Ablegen des Gleises auf den erhaltenen Grund,
• gegebenenfalls gleisgebundenes Einbauen eines Unterbaues für die neue Gleisanlage,
• Einbauen mindestens einer Tragschicht für eine feste Fahrbahn, insbesondere einer ungebundenen oder einer hydraulisch gebundenen Tragschicht,
• Rückbauen des vorhandenen Gleises,
• Herstellen der festen Fahrbahn, insbesondere mit einem auf eine Beton- oder Asphalttragschicht aufgelegten Gleis oder mit einem Gleis mit in eine Betonschicht eingegossenen Schwellen, mit Vorbauen eines neuen Gleises und Richten und Fixieren des neuen Gleises.

According to the invention, the method comprises the following steps:

• track-bound expansion of the existing bedding and laying the track on the substructure,
• if necessary, track-bound expansion of the existing substructure to a depth required for the construction of the new track system and laying the track on the preserved ground,
• if necessary, track-based installation of a substructure for the new track system,
• Installing at least one base layer for a solid carriageway, in particular an unbound or a hydraulically bound base layer,
• Dismantling the existing track,
• Manufacture of the solid carriageway, in particular with a track laid on a concrete or asphalt base course or with a track with sleepers cast into a concrete layer, with front end of a new track and straightening and fixing the new track.

The solid roadways produced by the method according to the invention have the advantage of particularly high strength and positional accuracy. Such lanes can therefore be used in particular for high speeds be used. By combining the specified process steps the renovation can be carried out in a favorable manner become. In particular, renewal can be achieved through track-bound work also for track systems that are not accessible from the side. Delivery and removal of the materials can also be advantageous done over track.

According to one embodiment of the invention, the base layers are installed also track-bound. This step can also be done be carried out advantageously.

According to a further embodiment of the invention, the installation is carried out of the new substructure a dismantling of the existing tracks and a Laying of rails, so that then the installation of the base layers can be done using the training rails. By using it Rails can also be installed after the track has been dismantled the solid road with high accuracy.

According to a further embodiment of the invention takes place after installation of the new substructure a dismantling of the existing tracks and the installation the base layers using a floor undercarriage, in particular of caterpillars. This eliminates the need to lay Auxiliary rails.

According to a further embodiment of the invention, after dismantling a concrete trough of the old track and the completion of the base course applied, then the new track pre-built in the concrete trough, set up and fixed, and then the concrete trough filled with concrete and the Concrete compacted. These process steps are advantageous a solid roadway with cast sleepers.

According to a further embodiment of the invention, after dismantling of the old track and the completion of the base course an asphalt or Concrete base layer applied and then the new one Track pre-built, furnished and on the concrete or asphalt base course fixed. These process steps advantageously make it a fixed one Roadway made with the track grating on.

According to a further embodiment of the invention, the set-up takes place and fixing the new track on the asphalt or concrete base course already when building the new track. In particular, the. altitude the asphalt or concrete base layer at the designated support points the thresholds and the thicknesses of the thresholds in the range of Support points for the rails measured, from the measured values determines the need for height compensation and its size and suitable compensation means attached when laying the track section. By measuring the height of the bearing surface of the base course and the threshold thickness in the area of the rail support during the A necessary height adjustment can be carried out before the laying process Place the threshold on the base layer and before inserting the Rail can be found in the threshold. This allows the necessary Compensating agent already used when laying the track section become. This eliminates the need for a separate subsequent step. The installation is accelerated and simplified overall.

According to one embodiment of the invention, the height of the Rail measured at the bearing points on the sleepers and during the determination height compensation is also taken into account. By this measure can also compensate for the height tolerances of the rails and thus the deviations of the altitude of the laid track from the Setpoint can be further reduced.

According to a further embodiment of the invention, the measurement of the Height of the base course and / or the rail height when laying the Track section, especially immediately before placing a Threshold, taking the compensating means before inserting the rail into the Sleepers are attached. This simplifies and improves the determination the bearing point to be measured on the base layer and it section of rail to be measured. By attaching the compensating means before inserting the rail into the sleepers, there will be a loosening the rails from the sleepers to attach the compensating means dispensable.

According to a further embodiment of the invention, the threshold is reduced fixed against shifting. This ensures that the rail remains on the measured section of the base layer and the accuracy achieved by applying the compensating means the altitude remains unchanged.

The height ratio is preferred when determining the height compensation between the left and right rails of a threshold, the altitude ratio successive thresholds and / or the longitudinal height ratio between two at a given distance, for example five meters of mutually arranged measuring points are taken into account. This can take into account all the usual requirements for positional accuracy be worn.

According to a further embodiment of the invention, the position of the track section in the transverse direction, preferably starting from the middle of the sleeper, aligned before fixing. This is advantageously not only the altitude but also the longitudinal direction of the track section and the tolerances are reduced.

The height and lateral position of the track section can be determined according to an embodiment of the invention by means of applied to the base layer Auxiliary points are made. Likewise, the determination can also be made about Lasers are made from fixed points. Have these methods of determination turned out to be particularly suitable.

According to a further embodiment of the invention, the measured Values, the compensatory measures taken and the final Track position documented. This means that the starting position can be called up at any time was given and with which measures which final result was achieved has been.

A is preferably used to carry out the method according to the invention Laying device used, on which all to carry out the Procedural necessary funds are available. So that the laying can done with a single device.

• Herstellen eines Gleisabschnittes mit Schienen und daran in einem vorgegebenen Abstand zueinander befestigten Schwellen,
• Anordnen und Halten des Gleisabschnitts mit Abstand oberhalb der unteren Tragschicht,
• Richten der Seiten- und Höhenlage des Gleisabschnitts,
• Abstützen des Gleisabschnitts über mindestens einen Teil der Schwellen auf der unteren Tragschicht,
• Einbringen von Fixierelementen, insbesondere Bolzen, in die untere Tragschicht, insbesondere in der Fahrbahnmitte, im Bereich mindestens eines Teils der Schwellen mit jeweils einem bis zur zugehörigen Schwelle ragenden freien Ende,
• Fixieren der Schwellen an den zugehörigen Fixierelementen gegen Seitenverschiebung, und
• Gießen der oberen Tragschicht, insbesondere unter Verwendung einer zuvor angebrachten Verschalung.

According to a further embodiment of the invention, the front end of a new track with sleepers cast into a concrete layer as the upper base layer and applied to a lower base layer comprises the steps:

• Production of a track section with rails and sleepers attached to them at a predetermined distance from one another,
• Arranging and holding the track section at a distance above the lower base layer,
• Straightening the side and height of the track section,
• Supporting the track section over at least part of the sleepers on the lower base layer,
• Introducing fixing elements, in particular bolts, into the lower base layer, in particular in the middle of the carriageway, in the area of at least part of the sleepers, each with a free end projecting up to the associated sleeper,
• Fixing the thresholds on the associated fixing elements against lateral displacement, and
• Pouring the upper base layer, especially using a previously installed formwork.

With this method, a trough is completely dispensed with. Instead the track section is supported directly on the lower base layer. After aligning the lateral position of the track section, this is done using fixing elements fixed, which is introduced into the lower base layer and attached to each to be attached to a threshold. In particular, bolts are used for this used. The track section is aligned in the case of the invention Procedure by a separate device. The support the threshold can, for example, as in the conventional method via spindles that are screwed into appropriate sleeves that are provided in the sleepers by the manufacturer. Because of the absence of the trough and the direct support on the lower one Appropriate spindles and sleeves are required. It can be used to equip all known or new types of sleepers become.

As with known trough processes, it is also sufficient if only some of the sleepers are supported on the lower base layer and over a bolt is fixed against lateral displacement. Still it is advantageous in terms of manufacturing technology, all thresholds for the support and Prepare fixation. This also opens up the possibility of having found Deviation of the track position from the target position additional supports and / or to provide fixations.

An advantage of the method according to the invention is that no Trough more is needed. This eliminates the need for producing the trough effort required. It is also particularly advantageous that the Gap between the cast upper base layer and the trough is eliminated, which due to their continuous extension upon ingress of water poses a particular danger.

According to a further embodiment of the invention, the bolts in recesses previously made in the lower base layer. The recesses, particularly laser-controlled, can be positioned very precisely with which there is also an exact positioning of the bolts results. The necessary displacements of the sleepers relative to the bolts when aligning are relatively small.

According to a further embodiment of the invention, the thresholds in the height slidably attached to the bolt. This has the advantage that the sleepers after loosening their support on the lower base layer can follow a shrinkage of the top base material.

According to a further embodiment of the invention, the thresholds after supporting the sleepers on the lower base layer of the Rails released. This prevents shifts, in particular Thermal expansion and contraction of the rails during the Setting of the upper base layer are transferred to the sleepers.

According to a further embodiment of the invention, the bolt in the Attached to the middle of the threshold. The one in the manufacture of sleepers Tolerances that occur are halved.

According to a further embodiment of the invention is under the thresholds one covering several thresholds and in particular with these connected reinforcement provided, which in the upper base layer with is poured. The reinforcement is connected to the threshold reinforcement. As a result, the forces acting on the sleepers, in particular Pushing forces during thermal expansion and contraction of the Rails, spread over several sleepers and can thus be better absorbed become.

According to one embodiment of the invention, the recesses in the lower base layer introduced as holes. These can advantageously be introduced with particularly high accuracy. Another Possibility is the recess as in the longitudinal direction of the road continuously insert slot.

According to a further embodiment of the invention, the alignment takes place the side and / or height of the track section in two or more Steps. This has proven to be particularly advantageous.

It has also proven to be advantageous to move the track after Check the fixation and support of the sleepers and, if necessary, to correct again. It is also advantageous the track position to document after fixing the thresholds.

According to a further embodiment of the invention, the upper base layer used formwork with formwork elements that be anchored to the track. In particular, the formwork elements via an upper formwork holder on the rail foot and one lower formwork holder anchored to the reinforcement. The bottom one Formwork holder preferably cast in. This can be done with simple A formwork for pouring the upper base layer is attached become. The formwork can extend to the lower formwork holder be reused. Basically, it is also possible to get one Formwork trolleys of a conventional type to be used.

According to one embodiment of the invention, thresholds can be one-piece Sleepers with a vertical slot in the middle of the sleepers or Recordings attached to the side of the sleepers for passage of the bolt can be used for the lateral fixation of the threshold. In In this case, suitable adjusting and fixing means in the slot or the receptacle through which the bolt can be passed and after aligning the track section against side shift relative is fixable to the threshold or vice versa.

According to a further embodiment of the invention, two parts Sleepers with two connected by connecting iron, one each Rail-bearing parts used. The use of two-part sleepers has the advantage that the length of the joints between the threshold and the cast upper base layer and the weight of the threshold is reduced is.

For the lateral fixing of the two-part sleepers on the bolt preferably a slidable along the connecting iron and on this fixable sheet with an opening for the bolt used. The sheet is preferably formed in two parts, with two, one each Half of the passage opening parts. Can over the sheet the threshold in a simple manner on the bolt against lateral displacement be fixed. The two-part design has the advantage that the bolt introduced before the threshold is fully aligned laterally can be made by separating the two parts sufficiently far pushed and assembled only after inserting the bolt.

A lifting device that can preferably be used for the method according to the invention for lifting a track section with rails and on it paved sleepers includes at least one that spans the road Frame on which, in particular, the rails Grippers and lifting devices for lifting the track section are attached. Here, the frame is designed to be movable along the road. Such a lifting device can be used to set up the track section take place continuously without the need for a large number of lifting devices becomes. The lifting device according to the invention is progressing moved forward and for the entire setup process used.

According to an embodiment of the invention, there are additional means on the frame to align the side and / or height of the track section intended. The lifting device can thereby advantageously at the same time be used to align the track section so that a separate device is unnecessary.

At least three frames are preferably provided, at least of which the first has a floor, in particular crawler, chassis. On in this way, lifting and aligning the Track section can be carried out in several steps. In particular becomes a rough alignment with the first frame, with the second Frame a fine alignment, and with the third or another Frame a fine alignment with final fixation of the sleepers executed.

According to a further embodiment of the invention, the others Each frame on a rail chassis, with all frames via connecting rods are interconnected, which are preferred at the same time Wear supply lines. A floor undercarriage is only for the first frame is needed, while the other frames are already on the pre-aligned rails can be moved. For the lifting dog Straightening process, these frames are based on the running surface of the ground gear, So the lower base layer.

According to a further embodiment of the invention, all frames are open a common ground, especially caterpillar, arranged. This forms a complete device with which the track section can be raised, aligned and fixed.

According to a further embodiment of the invention, the frames Roller tongs for lifting and straightening rollers for aligning the track section that roll on the rails. This is a continuous Allows lifting and aligning the track section.

The frames preferably also have rollable rails Load rollers through which the rails are held down. This has also become the mobile lifting and aligning device turned out to be particularly advantageous.

According to a further embodiment of the invention, before manufacturing the trough or before creating the asphalt or concrete base course or before building the new track or before setting it up and fixing the new track to the rails, and this is done Making the trough and / or creating the asphalt or concrete base course and / or building the new track and / or setting it up and fixing the new track using the training rails. Through the use of training rails, the described Work can be performed again with high accuracy.

According to a further embodiment of the invention, the manufacture takes place the trough and / or creating the asphalt or concrete base course and / or building the new track and / or setting up and Fixing the new track using a floor trolley, especially caterpillars. This does not mean laying guide rails required.

According to a further embodiment of the invention, the track is dismantled and / or the track extension track-bound. This in turn has the The advantage that the materials can be easily fed in and out.

According to a further embodiment of the invention, the set-up takes place and fixing the new track to the track. About needed for this Materials can easily be transported again.

According to a further embodiment of the invention, in a first Work step all process steps up to dismantling the track, in a second Step of dismantling the track and, if necessary, installing Base layers and in at least one further step the track extension and the production of the solid track. An approach in such operations has been found to be particularly advantageous. The renewal of the track system can be cheap and be done quickly.

According to a further embodiment of the invention, in a third Operation the production of an asphalt or concrete base course and in at least one further work of the track extension, the establishment and fixed the track. This approach has been for the production of a firm carriageway with the track grating on is advantageous exposed.

According to a further embodiment of the invention, in a third Work on the track extension and in a fourth step the installation and fixing the track and pouring the sleepers in carried out a layer of concrete. This procedure has been used for manufacturing a solid roadway with cast sleepers without use a concrete trough was found to be advantageous.

According to a further embodiment of the invention, in a third Work step the production of a concrete trough and in at least one further work of the track extension, the setting up and fixing of the Track and pouring the sleepers in the trough. This Procedure has been adopted for the production of a solid roadway with cast Thresholds using the concrete trough were found to be advantageous.

Figur 1

einen Querschnitt durch eine alte und eine neue Gleisanlage und

Figur 2

einen Teil der erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrensschritte zur Erneuerung einer Gleisanlage.

An embodiment of the invention is shown in the drawing and is described below. They show, each in a schematic representation,

Figure 1

a cross section through an old and a new track system and

Figure 2

a part of the process steps according to the invention for renewing a track system.

On the right side of the dividing line I in Figure 1 is an old track system shown, with a formed by two rails 1 and sleepers 2 Track 3, which is laid in a ballast bed 4. The ballast bed 4 is on a frost protection layer 5 and this in turn on the surface 6 applied. In addition to or instead of the frost protection layer 5 a formation protection layer can also be provided.

In the new track system, track 3 is with rails 1 and sleepers 2 on a concrete or asphalt base layer 7, which is also multi-layered can be hung up and attached to this. The concrete or asphalt base course 7 is on a lower base layer 8, in particular one hydraulically bound base layer or an unbound one Base layer applied, which in turn arranged on a frost protection layer 9 is. The frost protection layer 9 lies on the substrate 6 and can in turn be replaced or supplemented by a formation protection layer his.

Instead of the new track system shown with a fixed carriageway, in which the track 3 is placed on a concrete or asphalt layer and is fixed, the new track system can also be formed with a fixed carriageway be in which the sleepers 2 of the track 3 are poured into a concrete layer are. The production of the solid is particularly preferred Roadway without using a concrete trough by using the sleepers 2 directly supported on the lower support layer 8 and on this against lateral Moving be fixed before the sleepers 2 are poured into the concrete become.

According to Figure 2 is to renew a track system with ballast bedding According to the invention, first the ballast bed 4, as with line 10 indicated, removed, then the frost protection layer 5 according to line 11 and / or optionally a formation protection layer. Then if necessary the subsurface 6 according to line 12 is removed as far as it is to build the new track system is necessary to the altitude of the Track 3 to maintain or, if desired, a new altitude to reach.

If necessary, the surface of the substrate 6 thus obtained is then applied a new frost protection and / or formation protection layer 9 has been applied, on this a lower base layer 8, in particular a hydraulic one bound base layer, but possibly also an unbound base layer. The lower base layer 8 is then on solid roads with track 3 on it, a concrete or asphalt base course 7 applied, which can also be multi-layered. Then it will be the track 3 placed, directed and fixed. For solid roadways with cast-in Thresholds 2 are either on the lower base layer 8 Concrete trough applied, in which the track 1 is then pre-built, aligned and is fixed, or the track 3 is directly on the lower base layer 8 pre-built, aligned and fixed. Then the thresholds 2, if necessary using formwork, poured into concrete.

Up to the production of the lower base layer 8 all can be described Process steps for renewing a track system in one operation be performed. The implementation can either be track-bound, using training rails or floor trolleys. In in any case is the renewal of the track system with the invention Steps advantageous and as a result has a solid road surface that is high Accuracy requirements are sufficient and therefore especially for high speeds suitable is.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

rail

2

threshold

3

track

4

ballast

5

Frost protection layer

6

underground

7

upper base layer

8th

lower base layer

9

Frost protection layer

10

line

11

line

12

line

I

parting line

Claims (10)

1. A method of renewing a track system with a substructure (5), a bed (4), in particular made of ballast, and a track (3) laid thereon made of rails (1) and sleepers (2) comprising the following steps:

   track bound removal of the present bed (4) and laying of the track (3) on the substructure (5);

   where necessary, track bound removal of the present substructure (5, 6) up to a depth required for the construction of the new track system and laying of the track (3) on the foundation (6) obtained;

   optionally, track bound installation of a substructure (9) for the new track system;

   installation of at least one supporting layer (8) for a solid trackway, in particular of a non-bound or of a hydraulically bound supporting layer;

   dismantling the present track (3);

   manufacturing the solid trackway, in particular with a track (3) laid on a concrete or asphalt supporting layer (7) or with a track (3) with sleepers (2) cast into a concrete layer, with advance construction of a new track (3) and aligning and fixing the new track.
2. A method in accordance with claim 1, characterised in that a dismantling of the present tracks (3) takes place after the installation of the new substructure (9); and in that the installation of the supporting layers (8) takes place using a chassis movable on the ground, in particular using crawlers, or using previously laid guide rails.
3. A method in accordance with any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that, after the dismantling of the old track (3) and the completion of the supporting layers (8), a concrete trough is applied to them (8); in that the new track (3) is subsequently advance constructed, adjusted and fixed in the concrete trough; and in that the concrete trough is then filled with concrete and the concrete is compressed; or in that, after the dismantling of the old track (3) and the completion of the supporting layers (8), an asphalt or concrete supporting layer (7) is applied to them; and in that the new track (3) is subsequently advance constructed, adjusted and fixed to the concrete or asphalt supporting layer (7), with the adjusting and fixing of the new track (3) preferably already taking place during the advance construction and with the height position of the asphalt or concrete supporting layer (7) preferably being measured at the provided bearing positions of the sleepers (2) and the thicknesses of the sleepers (2) being measured in the region of the bearing positions for the rails (1), with the requirement of a height compensation and its magnitude being determined from the values measured and suitable compensation means already being applied on the laying of the track section.
4. A method in accordance with any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the advance constructing of a new track (3) with sleepers (2) which are cast into a concrete layer as the upper supporting layer and which are applied to a lower supporting layer includes the following steps:

   manufacturing a track section with rails (1) and sleepers (2) secured thereto at a pre-determined spacing to one another;

   arranging and holding the track section with a spacing above the lower supporting layer (8);

   aligning the side and height positions of the track section;

   supporting the track section by means of at least some of the sleepers (2) on the lower supporting layer (8);

   introduction of fixing elements, in particular bolts, into the lower supporting layer (8), in particular at the centre of the trackway, in the region of at least some of the sleepers (2), with a respective free end projecting up to the associated sleeper (2).

   fixing of the sleepers (2) against lateral displacement to the associated fixing elements; and

   casting of the upper supporting layer (7), in particular using previously installed shuttering.
5. A method in accordance with any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that guide rails are laid before the manufacturing of the trough or before the manufacturing of the asphalt or concrete supporting layer (7) or before the advance construction of the new track (3) or before the adjustment and fixing of the new track (3); and in that the manufacturing of the trough and/or the preparation of the asphalt or concrete supporting layer (7) and/or the advance construction of the new track (3) and/or the adjustment and Fixing of the new track (3) takes place using the guide rails.
6. A method in accordance with any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the manufacturing of the trough and/or the manufacturing of the asphalt or concrete supporting layer (7) and/or the advance construction of the new track (3) and/or the adjustment and fixing of the new track (3) takes place using a chassis movable on the ground, in particular crawlers.
7. A method in accordance with any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the installation of the supporting layers (8) and or the track dismantling and/or the track advance construction and/or the adjustment and fixing of the new track (3) take place in track-bound manner.
8. A method in accordance with any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that, in a first workstep, all method steps up to the track dismantling are carried out; in a second workstep, the track dismantling and, optionally, the installation of the supporting layers (8) take place; and, in at least one further workstep, the track advance construction and the manufacturing of the solid trackway are carried out.
9. A method in accordance with claim 8, characterised in that, in a third workstep, the manufacturing of an asphalt or concrete supporting layer (7) is carried out; and, in at least one further workstep, the track advance construction, the adjustment and the fixing of the track (3) are carried out; or that in a third workstep the track advance construction and, in a fourth workstep, the adjustment and the fixing of the track (3) and the casting of the sleepers (2) into a concrete layer are carried out.
10. A method in accordance with claim 8, characterised in that, in a third workstep, the manufacture of the concrete trough and, in at least one further workstep, the track advance construction, the adjustment and fixing of the track (3) and the casting of the sleepers 2) in the trough are carried out.

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