EP1048783A1 - Railway track and its construction method - Google Patents

Abstract

The carriageway (10) has a concrete base plates (16) on a hydraulic or bitumen cement base layer (12). Support points (25,26 for rails are arranged in the base plates and connected to the rails. The base plates are prefabricated components, which are long enough to contain at most three support points and are aligned vertically and horizontally on the base layers at the rails. The base plates are connected at coursing joints and open butt joints (17) with a cement or asphalt concrete. An Independen claim is included for a method for manufacturing the carriageway.

Description

The invention relates to a fixed carriageway for rail vehicles, with a hydraulically or bituminous base layer and concrete support plates arranged thereon, in which the Support points for the rails of a track arranged and with are connected to the rails. The invention also has a method to produce such a solid carriageway, with advantage even in a confined space like Bridges, terrain cuts and tunnels can be carried out.

On railway lines on which trains run at very high speed run, will instead of the usual ballast superstructure a firm roadway is provided. This is done on the substructure first a hydraulic or bituminous base layer applied, then arranged on a support plate made of concrete into which the sleepers of the track are concreted be aligned laterally and vertically after the track has been. The support plate is usually made of in-situ concrete, but it can also be made from large precast panels of approx. 5m long, in which the rail bases are concreted are ("Fixed lane", Edition ETR, 1997, Hestra-Verlag).

On bridges it is known (DE 196 20 731 A1), the support plates to be carried out in two parts and on a continuous base plate to arrange thin top plates made of precast concrete in in-situ concrete, in which the rail bases are concreted and which Reach over the hump in the lower plate for a shear-proof connection to manufacture. In this embodiment, it is difficult to align the top plates on the bottom plate because Little play is available around the humps. Moreover it is necessary to take a lot in curves and when the track is raised to produce differently designed top plates, what the Construction expensive.

It is known in tunnels (Hans Heinrich Burkhard: "Slab track für Bahntunnel ", EI railway engineer (49) 4/98, pages 58, 59), the track slab of a solid track in in-situ concrete with a slipform paver and sleeper blocks or two-block sleepers with noise-absorbing rubber shoes to be poured into the prepared wells. The production the supporting plate in in-situ concrete is particularly in long tunnels difficult because the concrete is not made on the spot can be brought from the tunnel mouth on site got to. It is also difficult to make the cutouts for the sleeper blocks to manufacture so precisely that after laying the track a precise alignment and a firm connection with the Support plate can be made.

The object of the invention is to provide a solid track for rail vehicles to be trained in such a way that they are also in a confined space Environment, such as bridges, terrain cuts and tunnels can be easily and precisely manufactured and a very quick Construction progress is achieved.

This object is achieved with the invention in that the Carrier plates are prefabricated components of limited length, which in The maximum length of the track under each rail is three Have rail bases and on the base at the Rails aligned vertically and horizontally and in their bed joint with the base course and at their butt joints with each other are connected by a hardening mass.

Since the prefabricated support plates are very short and no longer than their width, they can also be used for their load-bearing capacity sufficient thickness from the hoists common in railway construction handled easily and like individual sleepers on the base course be transferred. It is also possible to use the support plates after attaching the rails to these hanging vertically and align horizontally and then on the one hand with the base layer and on the other hand in the longitudinal direction at their butt joints tensile and pressure resistant to connect. Alignment with a known, along the rails track measurement and lifting report machine, with the rails of the track the attached support plates by arranged in the butt joints Support elements are supported. For filling and connecting the aligned support plates is only proportional Little hardening mass required, which can easily be done with simple Railway wagons can be brought to the installation site.

The rail bases in the support plates can be rail bearings be directly connected to the concrete of the support plates are. The rail bases can also be on sleepers or individual blocks can be arranged in the concrete of the supporting plates are embedded.

In a particularly preferred embodiment, the rail support points are arranged on individual threshold blocks, from two each through a connecting rod to a two-block threshold are connected.

To compensate for tolerances and in the event of a repair Easily remove sleepers and replace them with new ones the sleepers are at least at their ends by rubber shoes includes. Under the bases and / or the thresholds is appropriate an elastic intermediate layer is arranged so that the track can deflect under the train traveling over it and driving noises can be reduced.

The support plates expediently have a longitudinal reinforcement with upright Longitudinally iron on, the temple ends over the end faces of the support plates protrude so far that the temple ends successive support plates overlap in the butt joint. Here, the overlapping temple ends can be consecutive Support plates connected by cross reinforcement bars and also be welded together, so that even an electrical conductive connection is established for the electrical Driving is necessary.

To the successive support plates already when installed in their Align escape, it is advisable to use the face of the support plates protruding temple ends of the longitudinal reinforcement essentially inclined towards each other vertically and in pairs and to be arranged at such a distance from one another that the temple ends reaching into the same butt joint from lengthways successive support plates during installation slide along each other and center the panels lengthways, if the temple ends after placing the Lay the panels side by side.

To not only center successive support plates, but also can also be connected to each other at their butt joints, can protrude in the support plates over one end face Centering hook and centering bracket protruding from the other end face be concreted in, aligned with the centering hook and open upwards in a V-shape and the centering hooks of each Take the following plate in the longitudinal direction when installing it.

To create a shear-resistant connection to the base course, have the support plates projecting shear reinforcement elements over their lower surface that protrude into the hardening casting compound, which connects the base plates to the base layer. Furthermore, one of several support plates is in the sealing compound continuous longitudinal reinforcement arranged, of which at least some longitudinal reinforcement bars in the form of hooks or eyes Shear reinforcement elements are attached.

Under the support plates in the hardening potting compound Continuous longitudinal reinforcement bars and / or transverse reinforcement bars be arranged on arranged in the butt joints Concrete supports are supported.

So that the support plates for the solid carriageway on ordinary Railway wagons from a heavy locomotive to the installation site can be brought, the support plates are designed so that immediately after laying and installation are traversable by rails from a heavy train. The support plates have at least three over their sub-surface for this purpose protruding blocks with which they are on the base course support. These blocks also hold stacked one on top of the other Support plates during transport at a distance from each other, see above that a hoist when moving the support plates easily under each Support plate can grip.

For potting the offset and aligned support plates with a hardening mass, preferably a cement or Asphalt mortar, each support plate has at least a filling opening for introducing the hardening casting compound into the bed joint between the base plate and base layer. Moreover each support plate can have hooks or eyes on its surface, where it can be grasped and moved. These hooks or eyelets are also necessary to sleepers with rubber shoes and to preload an elastic intermediate layer against the support plate, thus rails, sleepers and support plates when aligning form a unit and not their mutual situation change if they are from the alignment means, for example one Track leveler can be raised or lowered.

To simplify the manufacture of the support plates and a rational To achieve factory production, all support plates have the same shape. Curvature and cant of the track provided in the base course. So that the surface water too can flow easily on straight lines, has the surface the support plates a cross slope, either on one side edge the support plates a side drainage channel with a longitudinal gradient is arranged or the support plates on their surface have a central drainage channel with a longitudinal gradient. In order to the water can drain to the outside can harden in the Potting compound of individual butt joints between successive Support plates also formed a transverse drainage channel his.

To avoid complex formwork on the long sides of the support plates avoid the side leakage of the hardening mass prevent from the butt joints, have the support plates on their End faces on at least one side edge, but expediently on protrusions on both sides, which in successive Support plates are directed towards each other and the butt joint laterally limit. For the lateral sealing of the butt joints is sufficient then a simple strip of elastomer between each other butting projections.

Because the individual support plates are only short and the butt joints between them can have a width of at least 10cm Track arches also realized in the area of the support plates that the butt joints between the support plates to the outside get wider. When filling the butt joints is then in curved track sections only a full formwork on the outer edge Height necessary.

In the method of making a solid carriageway for Rail vehicles, especially in a confined space, such as bridges, terrain cuts and tunnels where a continuous, hydraulically or bituminous base layer Prefabricated rail bases for the rails bearing concrete slabs brought into position, aligned and will be underfilled with a hardening mass proceeded according to the invention so that initially on both sides next to the guideway for track to be created by the support plates a laying device traveling on rails can be installed and that Laying device is arranged on that then the support plates brought on site and with the help of the laying device in head after the other are placed on the day shift in such a way that they align with one another, following the route of the road and butt joints between them, their width at least corresponds to a third of the thickness of the support plates that then in the butt joints support means for support and / or straightening means for arranged vertically and / or horizontally and then Rails on the rail bases with rail fasteners be mounted so that the track with the attached support plates aligned vertically and horizontally and the bed joint under the support plate and the butt joints between the supporting plates are filled with a hardening mass.

Such a method allows the fully mechanized construction of the Route in the shortest possible time and with reliable means even in confined spaces. The track can be together its support plates aligned with the help of support and straightening elements be arranged in the butt joints and on the Base layer are supported. Alternatively, the track with the attached support plates also with the help of one on the rails aligned track measuring and lifting machine and here on the support means in the butt joints between the support plates are supported.

New rails of great length can be installed as running rails that extend across many support plates. It but it is also possible to implement the rails for the laying device and to be installed as running rails if they are from the laying device are no longer needed.

As already mentioned above, it is advisable to use the rails preload against the support plates before aligning the track, for spring play in the rail fasteners or a compression of elastic rail support points in the vertical Set up the track to switch off.

The surface can be used for surface drainage of the track of at least some butt joints as falling to the side Cross gutter are formed, to which also a central drainage gutter can be connected. The cross gutter can also be in a side drainage channel open.

Before placing support and straightening elements in the butt joints can also have a longitudinal and / or transverse and / or shear reinforcement are brought into position.

Since all support plates should be of the same design, all Curvatures, peaks and ramps of the route in the hydraulic or bituminous bound base layer.

In the embodiment of the solid carriageway according to the invention, at the support plates when aligning the track with the rail support points hanging under the rails, exists when aligning the problem, the rails, their bases and the Support plates in a precisely defined, mutual position to each other to hold, in which it then also fixed in the final state become. As is known, the rail foot of each rail has between the side guide plates of the rail fasteners some side game. In addition, each rail must be under the side joints the wheels of a train traveling over it a little elastic can yield, which is why the rails with resilient Clamping brackets that press on the rail foot against the rail support points be pressed.

In a known embodiment, the rails on the Rail bases releasably attached with rail fasteners, one side guide plate for the rail foot, one essentially rectangular, cut open on one long side Have clamps and a clamping screw, which a middle eye formed by the clamping bracket and the side guide plate penetrated and screwed into the rail base is. The clamping screw presses the clamping bracket with resilient clamping arms arranged on the side the rail foot, while the middle eye is in a certain Distance from the rail foot and the side guide plate. The clamping arms pressing on the rail foot develop in the passable Final state under the side forces of the person driving over it First of all, a relatively small, straight line increasing spring resistance until the rail foot tilts the rail hits under the middle eye of the clamp and is held becomes. This elastic, necessary for driving Behavior of the rail fasteners must, however Alignment of the track can be switched off completely.

To achieve this and the resilient clamp arms after assembly make the rails practically ineffective when aligning, a printing plate is provided according to the invention, which under the middle eye of the clamp on the side guide plate and rests on the rail foot and the frictional connection between them Manufactures parts. The rails then behave when aligning, their bases and the support plate as if they were one one-piece part, the components of which are mutually related when lifting and lowering with the help of those acting on the rails Do not change the straightening agent.

So that the rails in their bases at the side Do not align against the bases and laterally against each other can move, is also at least one filler plate arranged at each rail base, which the outer and / or inner gap between the rail foot and the side guide plate fills in and under the clamp or under individual of whose parts is arranged. This filler plate can be wedge-shaped so that gaps of different widths can be filled in.

An angle plate made of sheet steel is particularly useful or plastic can exist and their horizontal leg the pressure plate and its vertical leg the filling plate forms. With such an angle plate, the vertical Non-positive connection between the middle eye of the clamp bracket and on the other hand also the gap between the side guide plate and rail foot are filled.

Since it is not possible to predict how wide at the respective rail base the gap to be filled by the filler plate between Rail foot and side guide plate, it is appropriate if the angle plate has two legs, which on the pressure plate arranged at such a large lateral distance from one another are that they are under the resilient clamp arms of the Clamping bracket are. Because the spring force exerted by the clamping arms is less than the force exerted by the clamping screw the middle eye is exerted on the pressure plate, wedge-shaped Filling plates from the resilient clamping arms only as far in pressed the gap until it is filled. There is the angle plate Made of an elastic material, it can be attached to the Resiliently deform the transition points of the pressure plate and filler plates.

Fig. 1

die Tragplatten einer festen Fahrbahn nach der Erfindung in einer ausschnittweisen Draufsicht;

Fig. 2

den Gegenstand der Fig. 1 in einem vertikalen Längsschnitt nach Linie II-II;

Fig. 3

den Gegenstand der Fig. 1 in einem vertikalen Längsschnitt nach Linie III-III der Fig. 1;

Fig. 4

eine Einzelheit der Fig. 3 in vergrößertem Maßstab;

Fig. 5

einen vertikalen Teilquerschnitt des Gegenstandes der Fig. 3, der die noch leere Stoßfuge mit den zwei Tragplatten verbindenden Bewehrungsbügeln zeigt;

Fig. 6

eine andere Ausführungsform der zugfesten verbindung von zwei Tragplatten in einer Teilansicht und teilweise im Vertikalquerschnitt;

Fig. 7

den Gegenstand der Fig. 6 in einem Vertikallängsschnitt;

Fig. 8

den Gegenstand der Fig. 6 in einer Draufsicht und teilweise im Horizontalschnitt;

Fig. 9

eine etwas andere Ausführungsform der Erfindung in einer der Fig. 4 analogen Darstellung;

Fig. 10

einen Vertikalquerschnitt durch die Fuge zwischen zwei Tragplatten mit einer Stütz- und Richtvorrichtung zum Ausrichten des Gleises und einer Einrichtung zum Vorspannen elastisch gelagerter Betonblöcke gegen die Tragplatte;

Fig. 11

eine andere Ausführungsform der festen Fahrbahn nach der Erfindung in einer ausschnittsweisen Draufsicht auf die Tragplatten;

Fig. 12

den Gegenstand der Fig. 11 in einem vertikalen Querschnitt nach Linie XII-XII;

Fig. 13

einen Teillängsschnitt durch eine Tunnelstrecke, in der eine feste Fahrbahn nach der Erfindung verlegt wird;

Fig. 14

einen Querschnitt durch die Tunnelstrecke nach Linie XIV-XIV der Fig. 13 in vergrößertem Maßstab;

Fig. 15

eine Schienenbefestigung bei der festen Fahrbahn nach der Erfindung in einer Draufsicht und im Schnitt nach Linie XV-XV der Fig. 16;

Fig. 16

den Gegenstand der Fig. 15 in einem vertikalen Querschnitt nach Linie XVI-XVI und

Fig. 17

den Gegenstand der Fig. 15 in einem vertikalen Längsschnitt nach Linie XVII-XVII.

Further features and advantages of the invention result from the following description and the drawings, in which preferred embodiments of the invention and the method to be carried out according to the invention are explained in more detail using examples. It shows:

Fig. 1

the support plates of a slab track according to the invention in a partial plan view;

Fig. 2

the object of Figure 1 in a vertical longitudinal section along line II-II.

Fig. 3

the object of Figure 1 in a vertical longitudinal section along line III-III of Fig. 1.

Fig. 4

a detail of Figure 3 on an enlarged scale.

Fig. 5

a vertical partial cross section of the object of Figure 3, showing the still empty butt joint with the two support plates connecting reinforcement brackets.

Fig. 6

another embodiment of the tensile connection of two support plates in a partial view and partially in vertical cross section;

Fig. 7

the object of Figure 6 in a vertical longitudinal section.

Fig. 8

the object of Figure 6 in a plan view and partially in horizontal section.

Fig. 9

a somewhat different embodiment of the invention in one of FIG. 4 analog representation;

Fig. 10

a vertical cross section through the joint between two support plates with a support and straightening device for aligning the track and a device for prestressing elastically mounted concrete blocks against the support plate;

Fig. 11

another embodiment of the solid track according to the invention in a partial plan view of the support plates;

Fig. 12

the object of Figure 11 in a vertical cross section along line XII-XII.

Fig. 13

a partial longitudinal section through a tunnel section in which a fixed carriageway is laid according to the invention;

Fig. 14

a cross section through the tunnel route along line XIV-XIV of Figure 13 in an enlarged scale.

Fig. 15

a rail fastening in the fixed carriageway according to the invention in a plan view and in section along line XV-XV of Fig. 16;

Fig. 16

15 in a vertical cross section along the line XVI-XVI and

Fig. 17

15 in a vertical longitudinal section along line XVII-XVII.

In the drawings, 10 is a fixed track for rail vehicles referred to, in which on a substructure 11 a continuous, hydraulically or bituminously bound base layer 12 is applied. The base layer 12 usually consists of a Cement concrete, but it can also be made from asphalt concrete his. The base course can be omitted in the case of rock.

The fixed carriageway 10 according to the invention can be used in open terrain, but also in a confined space, for example on one Bridge, in a cut in the terrain or in a tunnel 13 are produced, as shown for example in FIGS. 13 and 14 is shown. The tunnel sole 14 forms in the tunnel 13 the substructure for the slab track 10.

A plurality of support plates 16, which are successive in the longitudinal direction 15, are arranged on the support layer 12 and are prefabricated components made of reinforced concrete. The support plates 16 have an essentially rectangular plan and their length L is less than their width B. Between the successive plates 16 in the longitudinal direction 15 there are butt joints 17, the width b of which corresponds to approximately one third of the thickness d of the support plates 16. Each support plate 16 has on its end faces 18 on both side edges 19 and 22 projections 20 which are directed towards one another in two successive support plates 16 and laterally limit the butt joint 17 on the side edges 19 and 22. The support plates 16 are thus practically on their side edges 19 and 22 against each other, the joint between the projections 20 or the like by a rubber seal 21. can be sealed.

It can be seen that the support plates 16 on their one e.g. on its lower side edge 22 in FIG. 1 can be moved apart a little so that the side edges 22 and 19 form polygons when the support plates 16 one Track curve follow, in which the side edges 22 and the outer edge the side edges 19 lying with their projections 20 form the inner edge of the route.

The two rails 23 and 24 of the track 40, which in the 1 to 3 are indicated in dashed lines each support plate 16 two rail support points 25 and 26, the in the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 are formed by threshold blocks 27 made of concrete. Every threshold block is with a rubber shoe 28 in the concrete of the support plate 16th concreted. Two threshold blocks 27 are connected by a connecting rod 31 combined into a two-block concrete sleeper 29 or 30. However, this connecting rod 31 can also be missing since it is possible to use the sleeper blocks 27 in the precast plant to be installed very precisely in the support plates 16.

In another embodiment, not shown here can the rails 23 and 24 with their rail bearings directly attached to the surface 32 of the support plates 16 his. The rail bearings are then the rail bases 25 and 26, which rest on concrete bumps arranged in the supporting plate 16.

In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 is located under each rail base 25 or 26 elastic intermediate layer 33, the compression of the concrete sleepers enabled under the train traveling over track 40.

Each support plate 16 has a filling opening 34 in the middle, through which a hardening casting compound 35 into the bearing joint 36 can be introduced under the support plates 16, if these have been relocated and aligned.

For the invention, it is expedient to 16 cutouts on the support plates 91 to provide for the escape of air when Ensure backfilling. At the same time, the recess enables checking that the base plate is completely underfilled 16 with the hardening mass 35.

The support plates 16 can be a loose reinforcement and / or have prestressed reinforcement. The one shown in FIGS. 4 and 5 Embodiment they have a longitudinal reinforcement 37 with upright longitudinal stirrups 38, the stirrup ends 39 and 41 protrude so far over the end faces 18 of the support plates that the temple ends 39 and 41 of 15 successive in the longitudinal direction Overlap the support plates 16 in the butt joint 17 (Fig. 4). The overlapping temple ends 39 and 41 of two successive support plates are in the butt joint 17 through Cross reinforcement bars 42 connected together. To ensure that establish an electrically conductive connection individual of the overlapping temple ends 39 and 41 of successive support plates 16 by a weld 43 connected with each other.

To the support plates 16 easily when they are moved into the To be able to bring the route into flight, the longitudinal brackets in the support plates are not arranged exactly perpendicular to the surface 32, but rather a little inclined against the vertical such that the projecting over the end faces 18 of the support plates 16 Temple ends 39 and 41 in pairs against each other down are inclined as shown in FIG. 5. One recognises, that in the longitudinal direction 15 over the already installed support plate 16 protruding temple ends 41 a slightly larger distance from each other than the temple ends 39 of the following, too laying support plate 16. When placing the following support plate 16 therefore slide from above onto the base layer 12 the temple ends 39 on the temple ends 41 of the already installed Along the support plate and thus center the next support plate, until after the positioning on the side of the temple ends 41 of the previous support plate if the following Support plate 16 rests on the support layer 12.

Another way to successive support plates tensile to connect and at the same time laying towards each other center is shown in Figs. 6, 7 and 8. Instead of Longitudinal brackets are in the support plates 16 on one end face 18 over this protruding centering hook 44 and on the opposite Face 18 protruding from this face Centering bracket 45 concreted in, each aligned with each other. It can be seen from Fig. 6 that the centering bracket 45 is V-shaped open upwards and at their bottom the centering hook 44 of the in Take the longitudinal direction 15 of the subsequently laid plate 16.

A tension-resistant connection between the support plates can be at the in Fig. 9 embodiment of the invention also by Longitudinal reinforcement elements 46 are achieved in the sealing compound 35 are arranged with which the bed joint 36 between the Support plates 16 and the base layer 12 is filled. So that Longitudinal reinforcement elements 46 run approximately in the middle of the bed joint and do not rest on the support layer 12, they are in Shear reinforcement elements 47 hooked into the support plates 16 are concreted and protrude over the lower surface 48. The Shear reinforcement elements 47 are useful as hooks or eyes trained and can also serve as a spacer when the support plates are displaced on the support layer 12.

As will be explained in more detail below, the Support plates immediately after they have been moved before aligning them and underfilling a heavy construction train. Out for this reason, are in the support plates 16 over the lower surface 48 protruding blocks 49, three of which or Four are present so that each base plate is securely on the base layer 12 stands up (Fig. 9).

In Fig. 10 an embodiment is shown in which a part the longitudinal reinforcement bars 50 in the bed joint 36 between the Support plates 16 and the support layer 12 on concrete support bodies 51 is arranged. After aligning the with the support plates 16 connected track 40, these reinforcement bars 50 and Support body 51 enclosed by the hardening casting compound 35. The concrete support bodies 51 are part of support and straightening devices 52, which are in the butt joints 17 between the support plates 16 are arranged. The supporting and straightening devices used are in DE 197 39 671 A1 and in the older German patent application No. 198 55 350.1 of the applicant and to which reference is made and which is therefore shown here not explained in more detail.

4 and 10, each support plate 16 has its surface 32 eyelets 53, which is expedient between the sleepers and are arranged under the rails 23, 24. On this Eyelets 53 can grip the support plates from a hoist, transported and placed on the base course. Moreover 53 clamping devices 54 are hooked into these eyelets, with which the rails 23, 24 biased against the support plates 16 can be to the spring play before aligning the track switch off which of the elastic intermediate layers 33 between the sleepers 27 and the support plate 16 are provided becomes.

To drain the surface water, the surface 32 has one each support plate 16 a transverse gradient of 1% to 2% (Fig. 1), and on a side edge 22 of the support plates 16 is a side drainage channel 55 arranged in which the surface water in Longitudinal direction 15 of the route can be removed.

11 and 12 is another embodiment of the invention shown, in which the track 40 from the rails 23 and 24th and continuous cross sleepers 56, which are pre-fabricated Concrete sleepers are made of prestressed concrete or reinforced concrete. The cross sleepers 56 are at their threshold ends of Rubber shoes 58 include and are embedded in the concrete of the support plates 16. The support plates 16 have one in the middle in the longitudinal direction continuous central drainage channel 59, the one Longitudinal gradient and also in the hardening casting compound 35th is formed in the butt joints 17. For that in the central drainage channel To drain the water that collects is in the surface of the hardening casting compound 35 of individual Butt joints 17 between successive support plates 16 a Cross drainage channel 60 formed.

Just as in the previously described exemplary embodiments also the support plates 16 from top to bottom Filling openings 34 for the hardening casting compound 35, with the the support plates are underfilled. Here, the support plates from which the filling opening 34 to the surface of the channel 59 filling compound with the bed joint and the base course 12 pegged.

To reduce the driving noise on the solid road, you can the support plates 16 on their surface 32 a sound absorbing Have profiling. This profiling will Expediently formed by small humps 61, which in the concrete Support plate arranged between the sleepers and laterally next to them and molded from the concrete surface of the support plate and between which the surface water can drain (Fig. 11).

In the embodiment shown in Fig. 11 are laterally in addition to the support plates 16, prefabricated sound absorbing elements 62 arranged as a formwork for the hardening mass 35 in the Bearing joints 36 and in the butt joints 17 between the support plates serve. The sound absorbing elements 62 can have open-pore edge beams Be plastic or concrete.

The method of making a slab track according to the invention in a confined space, the example of a Tunnel route explained in more detail with reference to FIGS. 13 and 14.

In the finished tunnel 13, the tunnel sole 14 is first included the base layer 12 made of concrete or otherwise. In this base layer 12 there is already a necessary one Bank provided. Then on this base layer Support plates 16 placed.

For this purpose, first of all on both sides next to that of the Carrier plates 16 guideway 63 to be created, guideways 64 and 65 mounted on which a laying device 66 of known type can drive along. The laying device 66 runs in the longitudinal direction 15 on its rails 64 and 65 backwards through the tunnel and lay the support plates 16 on the support layer 12 in front of the head.

The support plates 16 all have the same shape and size and are together with the rail bases 25 and 26, which in present case on individual threshold blocks 67 and 68 without Connecting rod are arranged in a precast concrete plant prefabricated outside the construction site and with a construction train 69 before Location transported.

In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 13 and 14 each support plate 16 has three rail bases, i.e. three each Threshold blocks 67 and 68 for each rail 23 and 24, respectively The support plate 16 is therefore somewhat longer than that in FIGS. 1 to 12 illustrated support plates. It can be seen that the individual support plates in the longitudinal direction 15 on a freight car 70 one behind the other and stacked on top of each other, that of a railroad locomotive or, as in the present case, from a track measuring and lifting report machine 71 is driven into the tunnel 13.

The laying device 66 takes one support plate 16 after the other from the freight wagon 70 and moves it on the base layer 12. When the support plates are moved, the individual support plates guide on their longitudinal brackets 38 or on their centering hooks 44 and centering brackets 45 as described above is. At the same time there is a tensile connection in the longitudinal direction manufactured when the centering hook 44 and centering bracket 45 interlock with each other, or if the longitudinal frame is welded 43 or connected to one another by transverse reinforcement bars 42 become.

When moving the support plates 16, they are supported with their Blocks 49 securely on the base layer 12 and can of the freight car 70 and the locomotive or the track measuring and - Record lifting machine and applied wheel loads transferred to the underground.

It can be seen that between the individual support plates 16 Butt joints 17 remain, the width of which is so large that in these Butt joints 17 support and / or straightening elements 51, 52 arranged can be.

If support plates in a section of several hundred meters which have been laid one after the other will be placed on their Rail bases, in the present case on the individual Sleeper blocks 67 and 68, the rails 23 and 24 mounted, that were previously brought in place. As rails can also the guide rails 64 and 65 of the laying device 66th be used if they have the required cross-section and no longer needed to extend the laying device 66 become.

After mounting the rails, the track 40 is then with the attached support plates 16, in the present case of the track measuring and lifting machine 71, vertically and horizontally aligned and with the concrete support bodies arranged in the butt joints 17 51 supported on the base layer 12. After that the bearing joint 36 and the butt joints 17 with a hardening Potting compound 35 filled out through the filler openings 34 is inserted into the supporting plates and at the same time the concrete support body 51 encased in the butt joints and in the area of the filling openings 34 a shear-resistant connection between the support plates 16 and the base layer 12.

The cutouts 91 arranged laterally on the support plate 16 serve the ventilation when introducing the potting compound 35 and allow also check that the backfill is complete.

The hardening casting compound 35 is usually a cement concrete or an asphalt concrete.

As already mentioned above, elastic support points are used 25 and 26 the rails 23 and 24 before alignment of the track 40 biased against the support plates 16.

Here, the rails 23, 24 against the support plates 16th preloaded so far that the elastic deflection of elastic Rail bearing means, namely the rubber shoes 28 and elastic intermediate layers 33 is completely switched off.

15, 16 and 17 show the rail fastening means in Installation state of the support plates of the solid carriageway according to the invention before alignment starts.

It can be seen in particular from Fig. 16 that between the rail foot 72 of the rail 73 and the side guide plate 74 a gap 75 is present, which results from dimensional tolerances in the rails and Lateral guide plates and from the attachment in the rail support points 76, for example in a concrete sleeper. The side guide plate 74 lies on the rail base 76 on and has a through hole 77 in the middle, which from a Clamping screw 78 is penetrated, which is screwed into a dowel 79 which is concreted into the rail base 76 is. The clamping screw 78 has a collar at its upper end 80, with which she presses on a spring clip 81 made of spring steel. The clamp bracket 81 is substantially rectangular in plan and is shaped after an M. It has a middle eye 82 and two laterally arranged, resilient clamping arms 83 and 84, with their free, opposing ends 85 and 86 on the Press rail foot 72 on which they rest.

The clamp bracket 81 is shaped so that the center eye 82 is at a distance a from the surface of the side guide plate 74 and the surface of the rail foot 72 when the free ends 85 and 86 of the clamping arms 83 and 84 with the desired spring pressure on the rail foot 72nd lie on.

This state described above is the finished operating state, in which the fixed carriageway of trains is passable.

To prevent the rail bases 46 from under the Weight of the support plates connected to you, mentioned above Lift off the rails if the track is using straightening equipment is aligned, which will attack the rails, will aligning when mounting the rails 73 between the fasteners 74, 81 and 83 on the one hand and the rail foot 72 on the other hand, a locking device 87 is arranged.

The locking device 87 consists of an angle plate, the horizontal leg 88 form a pressure plate and the two vertical legs 89 filler plates. The pressure plate 88 is located under the central eye 82 of the clamping bracket 81. It lies on the side guide plate 86 and on the rail foot 72 and fills the distance a between the center eye 82 and the surface of the side guide plate 74 and the rail foot 72, so that between the parts 82 and 86 on the one hand and 72/74 on the other hand, a frictional connection is produced.

The pressure plate 88 has a stop shoulder 90 for the middle eye 82, but is not much wider than this.

The two vertical legs 89, which form the filler plates, are at a lateral distance from each other, which is at least as large as the width D of the middle eye. It can be seen from Fig. 15 that these vertical legs 89 are located under the resilient clamping arms 83 and 84 and by these are pressed down into the gap 75.

When the clamping screw 78 is tightened, it presses the middle eye 82 firmly on the pressure plate 88 of the locking device 87, the clamping force being entered directly into the rail foot 72 becomes. At the same time, the clamp arms 83 and 84 also practice a pressure on the filler plates 89 and push them into the Gap 75, which is hereby filled in width. The locking device 87 thereby prevents the rail base 46 lifts off the rail foot and that the side guide plate 74 moves laterally relative to the rail foot 72.

It can be seen that the filler plates 89 are wedge-shaped, so that they can fill columns 75 of different widths.

The locking device 87 is only used to align the track used with the support plates attached to it. If the support plates firmly connected to their base course and the substructure and are no longer moving in their aligned state can, the clamping screws 78 are loosened so far that the locking devices 87 can be pulled up. Then the clamping screws are tightened again and thereby the final rail attachment is made at the only the free ends 85 and 86 of the clamping arms 83 and 84 of the Press the clamp bracket 81 onto the rail foot 72 as this continues has been explained above.

The invention is not based on the illustrated and described Embodiments limited, but there are several changes and additions possible without the scope of the invention leave. For example, it is also possible to use pre-made ones Cement concrete base plates Asphalt concrete base plates insert and the rail bearings directly into the support plates to pour in concrete. Instead of a laying device, a simple gantry crane can be used to lay the support plates, and it is also possible to put the crane behind the dolly for the support plates to come here and the freight wagons spread.

Claims (40)

Solid track for rail vehicles, with a hydraulically or bituminously bound base layer and concrete base plates arranged thereon, in which the support points for the rails of a track are arranged and connected to the rails, characterized in that the base plates (16) are prefabricated components of limited length ( L), which have at most three rail support points (25, 26) in the longitudinal direction (15) of the track (40) under each rail (23, 24) and on the support layer (12) on the rails (23, 24) vertically and horizontally aligned and in their bearing joint (36) with the base layer (12) and in their butt joints (17) with each other by a hardening mass (35). Roadway according to claim 1, characterized in that the rail support points (25, 26) are rail bearings which are directly connected to the concrete of the support plates (16). Roadway according to claim 1, characterized in that the rail support points (25, 26) are arranged on transverse sleepers (56) which are embedded in the concrete of the support plates (16). Roadway according to claim 1, characterized in that the rail support points (25, 26) are arranged on individual concrete blocks (67). Roadway according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that two concrete blocks are connected by a connecting rod (31) to a two-block sleeper (27). Roadway according to one of claims 3 to 5, characterized in that the sleepers (27, 56) are covered at least at their ends (57) by rubber shoes (28, 58). Roadway according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that an elastic intermediate layer (33) is arranged under the support points (25, 26) and / or the sleepers (27). Roadway according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the supporting plates (16) have a longitudinal reinforcement (37) with upright longitudinal stirrups (38), the stirrup ends (39, 41) of which extend as far as the end faces (18) of the supporting plates (16) protrude that the bracket ends (39, 41) of successive support plates (16) overlap in the butt joint (17). Roadway according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the overlapping bracket ends (39, 41) of successive support plates (16) are connected by transverse reinforcement bars (42). Roadway according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that at least some of the overlapping bracket ends (39, 41) of successive support plates (16) are welded together. Roadway according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the bracket ends (39, 41) of the longitudinal reinforcement (37) projecting beyond the end faces (18) of the support plates (16) are inclined towards the vertical and in pairs relative to one another and at such a distance from one another are arranged so that the bracket ends (39, 41) in the same butt joint (17) of support plates (16) which follow one another in the longitudinal direction (15) slide along one another during installation and center the plates (16) in the longitudinal direction (15) when they are after the panels (16) have been brought into position, lie against one another laterally. Roadway according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the centering hooks (44) projecting from one end face (18) and from the other end face (18) projecting centering brackets (45) are concreted in the support plates (16), which with the Align the centering hooks (44) and open upwards in a V-shape and pick up the centering hooks (44) of the plate (16) following in the longitudinal direction when installing them. Roadway according to one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the support plates (16) have over their lower surface (48) projecting shear reinforcement elements (47) which protrude into the hardening sealing compound (35) which the support plates (16) with the support layer (12) connects. Roadway according to one of Claims 1 to 13, characterized in that a longitudinal reinforcement (46) running through a plurality of supporting plates (16) is arranged in the casting compound (35), at least some of which have longitudinal reinforcement elements (46) in the shear reinforcement elements designed as hooks or eyes (47) are attached. Roadway according to one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that longitudinal reinforcing bars (50) and / or transverse reinforcing bars which are arranged in the butt joints (17) are arranged under the supporting plates (16) in the hardening casting compound (35) of the bearing joint (36) ) arranged concrete support bodies (51) are supported. Roadway according to one of claims 1 to 15, characterized in that the support plates (16) are provided with at least three foot blocks (49) projecting beyond their lower surface (48). Roadway according to one of claims 1 to 16, characterized in that each support plate (16) has at least one filling opening (34) for introducing the hardening casting compound (35) into the bearing joint (36) between the support plate (16) and the support layer (12). Roadway according to one of claims 1 to 17, characterized in that each support plate (16) has recesses (91) on its side edges (19) which serve as ventilation and control openings. Roadway according to one of claims 1 to 18, characterized in that each support plate (16) has hooks or eyes (53) on its surface (32). Roadway according to one of claims 1 to 19, characterized in that the surface (32) of the support plates (16) has a transverse gradient. Roadway according to one of claims 1 to 20, characterized in that a side drainage channel (55) with a longitudinal gradient is arranged on a side edge (22) of the support plates (16). Roadway according to one of claims 1 to 21, characterized in that the support plates (16) have on their surface (32) a central drainage channel (59) with a longitudinal gradient. Roadway according to one of claims 1 to 22, characterized in that a transverse drainage channel (60) is formed in the hardening casting compound (35) of individual butt joints (17) between successive support plates (16). Roadway according to one of claims 1 to 23, characterized in that the support plates (16) have at their end faces (18) on at least one side edge (19) projections (20) which are directed towards one another in successive support plates (16) and the butt joint (17) limit laterally. Roadway according to one of claims 1 to 24, characterized in that the support plates (16) have a sound-absorbing profile (61) on their surface (32). Roadway according to one of claims 1 to 25, characterized in that prefabricated sound absorbing elements (62) are arranged laterally next to the support plates (16) and serve as formwork for the hardening mass (35) in the bearing joints (36) and butt joints (17) . Process for the production of a solid carriageway for rail vehicles, especially in a confined space such as bridges, incisions in the terrain and tunnels, in which the prefabricated concrete support plates, which have support points for the travel rails, are positioned, aligned and positioned on a continuous, hydraulically or bituminous base layer are underfilled with a hardening compound, characterized in that, firstly, on both sides next to the track (63) to be created by the support plates (16), guide rails (64, 65) for a laying device (66) traveling on rails are mounted and the laying device (66) it is arranged that the support plates (16) are then brought on site and, with the aid of the laying device (66), are placed one by one on the support layer (12) in front of the head in such a way that they follow the line of the route (63), align with each other and leave butt joints (17) between them, the width (b) of which is at least one One third of the thickness (d) of the support plates (16) corresponds to the fact that in the butt joints (17) support means (51) for supporting and / or straightening means (52 or 71) for vertical and / or horizontal alignment are brought into position and then travel rails (23, 24) on the rail support points (25, 26) with rail fastening means (78-84) are mounted so that the track (40) with the attached support plates (16) is aligned vertically and horizontally and the bearing joint (36) below them and the butt joints (17) between them are filled with a hardening mass (35). A method according to claim 27, characterized in that the track (40) with the supporting plates (16) hanging thereon is aligned with the aid of a track measuring and leveling machine (71) traveling along the running rails (23, 24) and thereby on the support means (51 ) is supported in the butt joints (17) between the support plates (16). Method according to claim 27 or 28, characterized in that the travel rails (23, 24) are pretensioned against the support plates (16) before the alignment of the track (40). Method according to one of claims 27 to 29, characterized in that the travel rails (23, 24) are pretensioned against the support plates (16) to such an extent that the elastic deflection of elastic rail bearing means (28 or 33) and / or rail fastening means (78- 84) is completely switched off under the load of the support plates (16) and the rail support points (25, 26). Method according to one of claims 27 to 30, characterized in that for the surface drainage of the guideway (63), the surface (32) of at least some butt joints (17) is designed as a transverse groove (60) falling to the side (22), to which also a central drainage channel (59) can be connected. A method according to claim 31, characterized in that the transverse channel (60) opens into a side drainage channel (55). Method according to one of claims 27 to 32, characterized in that before the arrangement of supporting and straightening elements (51, 52) in the butt joints (17) in the bearing joint (36) under the support plates (16) a longitudinal and / or Cross and / or shear reinforcement (46, 47, 50) is brought into position. Method according to one of claims 27 to 33, characterized in that all curvatures, elevations and ramps of the travel path (63) are essentially formed in the base layer (12), while the shape and dimensions of all base plates (16) are the same. Fixed track for rail vehicles, in which the rails are detachably fastened to prefabricated support plates with rail fastening means at the rail support points, which has a side guide plate for the rail foot, a clamping bracket and a clamping screw which penetrates a central eye formed by the clamping bracket and the side guide plate and into the rail support point is screwed in and presses the clamping bracket onto the rail foot with resilient clamping arms arranged on the side thereof, characterized by a pressure plate (88) which is located under the middle eye (82) of the clamping bracket (81) on the side guide plate (74) and on the rail foot (72) rests and creates the adhesion between these parts (82 or 72 and 74). Roadway according to the preamble of claim 35, characterized by at least one filler plate (89) at each rail support point (76) which fills the outer and / or inner gap (75) between the rail foot (72) and side guide plate (74) and under the clamping bracket (81) or among individual parts (83, 84) thereof. Roadway according to claims 35 and 36, characterized by an angle plate (87) whose horizontal leg forms the pressure plate (88) and whose vertical leg forms the filler plate (89). Roadway according to one of claims 35 and 37, characterized in that the filling plate (89) is wedge-shaped. Roadway according to one of claims 35 to 38, characterized in that the angle plate (87) has two vertical legs (89) which are arranged on the pressure plate (88) at such a large lateral distance from one another that they are under the resilient clamping arms (83, 84) of the clamping bracket (81). Roadway according to one of claims 35 to 39, characterized in that the pressure plate (88) and / or the filler plates (89) consist of tough elastic plastic.

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