EP1039033A1 - Method for making a railway track and its alignment system - Google Patents

Abstract

The method for preparing a permanent way comprises producing a running section consisting of two rails (4, 5) with sleepers (1) between them. Rods (18) are then inserted into the concrete bearing layer (10) beneath. The height and width of the running section is then adjusted and the sleepers supported. The running section is then fixed to the rods to prevent lateral shifting. The upper bearing layer (9) is then poured and a revetment (20) added. An Independent claim is included for a system for adjusting the running section of a permanent way.

Description

The present invention relates to a method for producing a solid Track for rail vehicles with cross-track the sleepers supporting rails, especially of concrete, which in cast an upper base layer, in particular also made of concrete are, in turn, on a lower base layer, especially a so-called hydraulically bound base layer, is supported.

In addition, the invention relates to a system for straightening a track.

So-called fixed lanes of the type described above are particularly for high speeds instead of lanes with the traditional ballast bed used. Accordingly, the track very high accuracy requirements with regard to its side and height fulfill. This is achieved in that the section in rough pre-alignment of the track laid on the carriageway with the help of suitable Measuring method is aligned in the vertical and lateral direction. After alignment, the track section is fixed by the sleepers be poured with concrete.

In a known method for producing a solid roadway a trough is in particular described on the lower base layer, in particular made of concrete, in which the sleepers of the to be laid Track section are inserted. The roughly aligned in this way Track section is then fine-tuned by the sleepers via support spindles, which are supported on the trough, into the intended Height and side position are brought. The support spindles support each other on the one hand on the base plate of the trough and on the other hand on the side upstands, although it is generally not necessary support each sleeper as all sleepers are attached to the rails are and are therefore held by them in a corresponding position. It is therefore sufficient, for example, only every fourth threshold on the base plate support the trough and align it sideways.

A disadvantage of the known method is that the lateral support spindles no longer accessible after pouring the upper base layer are. It has therefore already become known that the lateral straightening means support the two outer walls of the trough. The support will however, this makes it more complex. In addition, there is the same as here previously described method the disadvantage that between the cast top joint and the trough creates a joint that is susceptible to the ingress of water. It is particularly disadvantageous that this Groove continues in the longitudinal direction of the road.

The invention has for its object a method for manufacturing to specify a solid carriageway of the type mentioned at the outset Does not have disadvantages. In particular, the best possible and stable Track alignment enabled in a relatively simple manner and that Long joints should be avoided.

Furthermore, the invention has for its object an advantageous Specify system for the lateral direction of the track, which in the inventive Procedure can be used.

• Herstellen eines Gleisabschnittes mit Schienen und daran in einem vorgegebenen Abstand zueinander befestigten Schwellen,
• Anordnen und Halten des Gleisabschnitts mit Abstand oberhalb der unteren Tragschicht,
• Einbringen von Stäben in die untere Tragschicht, insbesondere in der Fahrbahnmitte,
• Richten der Seiten- und Höhenlage des Gleisabschnitts,
• Abstützen des Gleisabschnitts, insbesondere über mindestens einen Teil der Schwellen, auf der unteren Tragschicht,
• Fixieren des Gleisabschnitts, insbesondere über die Schwellen, an den Stäben gegen Seitenverschiebung, und
• Gießen der oberen Tragschicht, insbesondere unter Verwendung einer zuvor angebrachten Verschalung.

The first-mentioned task is solved by a process with the following steps:

• Production of a track section with rails and sleepers attached to them at a predetermined distance from one another,
• Arranging and holding the track section at a distance above the lower base layer,
• Introduction of bars into the lower base layer, especially in the middle of the carriageway,
• Straightening the side and height of the track section,
• Supporting the track section, in particular over at least part of the sleepers, on the lower base layer,
• Fixing the track section, in particular on the sleepers, on the bars against lateral displacement, and
• Pouring the upper base layer, especially using a previously installed formwork.

According to the invention, a trough is therefore completely dispensed with. Instead of the track section is supported directly on the lower base layer. After aligning the side position of the track section, this is fixed by rods that are introduced into the lower base layer and to which the track section is attached, for example via the sleepers becomes. The track section is aligned in the case of the invention Procedure by a separate device. The support of the Track section can, as in the conventional method, for example via spindles that are screwed into the corresponding nut sleeves that are provided by the manufacturer in or on the sleepers. Because of the omission of the trough and the direct support on the lower one Base layer, longer spindles and sleeves are required, the sleeves can also protrude beyond the thresholds. The Thresholds themselves do not have to be enlarged.

As with the known method, it is also sufficient if only one Part of the sleepers supported on the lower base layer and over a Rod is fixed against lateral displacement. Nevertheless, it is manufacturing technology advantageous, all thresholds for support and fixation prepare. This also opens up the possibility of having found Deviation of the track position from the target position additional supports and / or to provide fixations.

An advantage of the method according to the invention is that no Trough is more needed. This eliminates the need for attaching the trough effort required. It is also particularly advantageous that the Gap between the cast upper base layer and the trough is eliminated, those due to their continuous extension upon ingress of water represents a particular danger.

According to a further embodiment of the invention, the rods are in previously recesses made in the lower base layer. The recesses can be positioned very precisely, for example by laser control with which there is also an exact positioning of the rods results. The necessary displacements of the track section relative to the As a result, bars when aligning are relatively small.

According to a further embodiment of the invention, the track section fixed in height on the rods. This has the advantage that the track after loosening the support on the lower base Shrinkage of the upper base material can follow.

According to a further embodiment of the invention, the thresholds after placing the top base at the beginning of setting detached from the rails. This prevents shifts, especially thermal expansion and contraction of the rails during further setting of the upper base layer on the sleepers be transmitted.

According to a further embodiment of the invention, the rod in the Attached to the middle of the threshold. The one in the manufacture of sleepers Tolerances that occur are halved.

According to a further embodiment of the invention is under the thresholds one covering several thresholds and in particular with these connected reinforcement provided, which in the upper base layer with is poured. In the finished roadway acting on the sleepers Forces, especially pushing forces during thermal expansion and contraction of the rails, are distributed to several sleepers and can be better absorbed.

According to an embodiment of the invention, the recesses in the lower base layer introduced as holes. These can advantageously be introduced with particularly high accuracy. Another Possibility is the recess as in the longitudinal direction of the road continuously insert slot. Furthermore is it is possible to insert the rods into the lower base layer in this shake.

According to a further embodiment of the invention, the alignment takes place the side and / or height of the track section in two or more Steps. This has proven to be particularly advantageous.

It has also proven to be advantageous to lay the track after Check the fixation and support of the track section and, if necessary to correct again. It is also advantageous the track position to document after fixing the track section.

According to a further embodiment of the invention, the upper base layer used formwork with formwork elements that be anchored in the track area. In particular, the formwork elements via an upper formwork holder on the rail foot or on the Threshold and a lower formwork holder on the reinforcement or on Anchored rod. The lower formwork holder is preferably cast in. It can be used to formwork for the Pour the top base course. The formwork can be up to can be reused on the lower formwork holder. Basically it is also possible to use a formwork carriage of a conventional type use.

According to one embodiment of the invention, one-piece thresholds can be used Thresholds with an elongated hole in the middle of the threshold for passage of the rod can be used for the lateral fixation of the threshold. In In this case, suitable adjusting and / or fixing means can be placed in the elongated hole are provided, through which the rod can be passed and after Alignment of the track section against lateral displacement relative to Threshold or vice versa can be fixed.

According to a further embodiment of the invention, two parts Sleepers with two connected by connecting iron, one each Rail-bearing parts used. The use of two-part sleepers has the advantage that the length of the joints between the threshold and the cast upper base layer and the weight of the threshold is reduced is.

For the lateral fixing of the two-part sleepers on the bars preferably a slidable along the connecting iron and on this fixable sheet with an opening for the rod used. The sheet is preferably formed in two parts, with two, one each Half of the passage opening parts. Can over the sheet the threshold in a simple manner on the rod against lateral displacement be fixed. The two-part design has the advantage that the rod introduced before the threshold is fully aligned laterally can be pushed apart sufficiently by the two parts and only be put together after inserting the rod.

A lifting device that can preferably be used for the method according to the invention for lifting a track section with rails and on it paved sleepers includes at least one that spans the road Frame on which, in particular, on the rails Grippers and lifting devices for lifting the track section are attached. Here, the frame is designed to be movable along the road. Such a lifting device can be used to set up the track section take place continuously without the need for a large number of lifting devices becomes. The lifting device according to the invention will progress with the work moved forward and for the entire setup process used.

According to one embodiment of the invention, there are additional means on the frame for aligning the side and / or height of the track section intended. The lifting device can thereby advantageously at the same time be used to align the track section so that a separate device is unnecessary.

At least three frames are preferably provided, at least of which the first has a floor, in particular crawler, chassis. On this way, lifting and aligning the Track section can be carried out in several steps. In particular becomes a rough alignment with the first frame, with the second Frame a fine alignment, and with the third or another Frame a fine alignment with final fixation of the sleepers executed.

According to a further embodiment of the invention, the others Each frame on a rail chassis, with all frames via connecting rods are interconnected, which are preferred at the same time Wear supply lines. A floor undercarriage is only for the first frame is needed while the other frames are on the already pre-aligned rails can be moved. For lifting and Straightening process, these frames are based on the running surface of the ground gear, So the lower base layer.

According to a further embodiment of the invention, all frames are open a common floor, especially caterpillar, arranged. This forms a complete device with which the track section can be raised, aligned and fixed.

According to a further embodiment of the invention, the frames Roller tongs for lifting and straightening rollers for aligning the track section that roll on the rails. This is a continuous Allows lifting and aligning the track section.

The frames preferably also have rollable rails Load rollers on which the rails are held down. This has also become the mobile lifting and aligning device turned out to be particularly advantageous.

The second task is solved by a system for straightening a track in the manufacture of a railroad track, especially a fixed one Roadway, in which the rail-bearing sleepers or plates in an upper base layer of the roadway is cast in or with such be poured or relined, with one across the rails to be arranged directional crossbar, which for direct or indirect Attacking the rails is formed, especially in the underground a lower base layer or the bottom of a trough Support element on which the directional crossbeam can be supported, and Moving means for moving the directional crossbar relative to the support element in their longitudinal direction.

According to this invention, the lateral position of the track is not over the Lifting device made, but over a directional crossbar, which itself on one in the subsurface, especially in the lower base layer, however also supports the bottom of a trough to support the directional crossbar via the shifting means provided on the directional crossbar together with the track attached to it in the desired lateral position bring to. In particular, a rod can serve as a support element, as previously described. The straightening crossbeam is uncomplicated to set up and can be easily handled and transported. At the same time the lifting device for holding the track section is simplified by since it no longer has to be designed for the lateral direction.

The support element is preferably arranged in the middle of the road educated. This simplifies the page direction. Moreover the support element is preferably releasably connectable to the ground. This facilitates dismantling of the straightening crossbar after adequate Hardening of the upper base layer. In the case of a rod this can in particular an insertable sleeve can be provided in which the rod connected to the directional crossbar engages telescopically or the other way around.

The straightening crossmember preferably has a recess which is used for straightening is penetrated by the rod. The shifting means are supported especially in the recess from the directional crossbar to the Move rod. The recess can be used as an elongated hole in the grains Straightening crossbar be formed. Likewise, the recess by a existing bracket formed on the side of the directional crossbeam. Thereby on the one hand there is good support and on the other hand a height displaceability of the directional crossbar relative to the support element, to lower the track section when the upper one cures Allow base layer.

According to a further embodiment of the invention, a threshold is as Straightening traverse formed. A separate directional beam is therefore unnecessary. The threshold can in particular be a monoblock threshold act. But it is also possible to use a two-block threshold to use.

According to a further embodiment of the invention, the directional crossbeam is as formed separate component. A separate component has the advantage that after adequate fixation of the track section, it is removed and attached can be reused elsewhere.

The separate component can span the entire track and recordings have to fix the rails. Such a variant is special advantageous in connection with monoblock sleepers.

In the case of two-block sleepers, a separate component can advantageously be used which is to be inserted between the two blocks of the Two-block threshold is formed. The directional crossbeam therefore has one relatively small size and can be located lower become. Due to the shorter lever arm, this advantageously leads at lower moments. There are also no rail mounts on the Straightening traverse required, which has the additional advantage that the rails are not electrically connected to each other via the directional crossbar. There is also an advantage of using a separate component in that they are made in principle from any material can. A separate directional crossbar can also be used for wide sleepers or Plates can be used advantageously.

The straightening crossmember can according to various embodiments of the invention be designed as a rod, a bar or a box profile. On Box profile is particularly advantageous in the case of a directional crossbeam which is between the two blocks of a two-block threshold can be used.

The lateral direction of the track section takes place according to further refinements the invention via at least one set screw, an eccentric or a spindle gear, which each serve as an adjusting device. In order to the side direction of the track section can be carried out in a suitable manner become.

The spindle gear can for example comprise a threaded rod, which also serves as a directional crossbeam. The straightening device is thereby particularly simple and uncomplicated. To protect against pollution the threaded rod can be provided with a protective bellows.

To fix the track section after straightening during completion the fixed carriageway can be on the directional crossbeam means for lateral Fixation should be provided. Means can also be provided for this be attacking the thresholds. The second variant has the Advantage that the straightening crossbar after straightening and fixing the track section disassembled over the sleepers and re-used elsewhere can be.

In addition, means for fixing the altitude can also be attached to the directional crossbeam of the track section and / or the mutual altitude of the be provided on both rails. In particular, the two side End areas of the directional crossbar each have a spindle device for Abspindeln the directional crossbar be arranged. The attitude is thereby possible without any problems.

According to a further embodiment of the invention are in the directional crossbar Sleeves with internal thread are provided, in which spindles are inserted. The sleeves are in particular detachably connected to the directional crossbeam. For example, the sleeves with a bayonet lock the directional crossbar. As a result, the spindle can advantageously can be released from the directional crossbar.

According to a further embodiment of the invention, the spindles are the Spindle device at the same time as formwork holder for a formwork for the upper base layer is formed. This allows separate formwork supports be saved.

To anchor the formwork, this can also be done after a a further embodiment of the method according to the invention by means of angle supports are supported, the side of the upper base layer to be manufactured be set up, the angle supports using traction means such as Ropes or wires are each inserted into the lower base layer Rod or the like can be anchored. This too has become anchored the formwork was found to be advantageous.

The traction means are preferably releasably attached to the angle supports. Thereby can the angle supports after the finished base layer has hardened can be easily resolved and stand for reuse to disposal.

For example, the traction means can have a loop at one end have and passed through a bushing in the angle brackets become. The traction means can then be attached to the Angle supports are anchored. The pins are simply removed to release them the end loops of the traction means pulled out again.

It is also preferred if the traction means directly above the direct one Base layer to be anchored to the rod, especially via the rod comprehensive ring. Because of the small lever arm influencing the rod is avoided.

At the angle supports, the traction means can both immediately above attack the lower base layer as well as further up. This can be preferred in the manner of a rope triangle. The when placing the concrete for the upper support layer acting on the angle supports are thereby optimally intercepted.

Fig. 1

einen Querschnitt durch eine nach dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren hergestellte feste Fahrbahn mit zweiteiliger Schwelle,

Fig. 1a,b

zwei Varianten zu Fig. 1 mit Monoblockschwelle,

Fig. 1c

eine Variante zu Fig. 1 mit Platte,

Fig. 2

einen Schnitt gemäß Linie II-II in Fig. 1,

Fig. 3

eine Draufsicht auf ein Detail von Fig. 2,

Fig. 4

eine Seitenansicht auf eine erfindungsgemäße Hebe- und Richtvorrichtung zur Verwendung bei einem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren,

Fig. 5

eine Darstellung des Einsatzes einer erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung bei einem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren in aufeinanderfolgenden Arbeitsschritten,

Fig. 6

eine Draufsicht auf eine andere erfindungsgemäße Hebe- und Richtvorrichtung zur Verwendung bei einem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren,

Fig. 7

eine Seitenansicht der Vorrichtung von Fig. 6 im Einsatz,

Fig. 8

eine Seitenansicht einer separaten Richttraverse,

Fig. 9

eine Draufsicht auf die Richttraverse von Fig. 8,

Fig. 10

eine Draufsicht auf eine andere Richttraverse,

Fig. 11

eine Seitenansicht der Richttraverse von Fig. 10,

Fig. 12

eine Seitenansicht noch einer separaten Richttraverse,

Fig. 13

eine Draufsicht auf die Richttraverse von Fig. 12,

Fig. 14

ein Detail von Figur 12,

Fig. 15

ein Detail von Figur 14 in perspektivischer Darstellung,

Fig. 16

eine Seitenansicht eines weiteren Details von Fig. 14,

Fig. 17

eine Variante zu Fig. 16,

Fig. 18

eine Seitenansicht einer als Richttraverse ausgebildeten Schwelle,

Fig. 19

eine Draufsicht auf die Schwelle von Fig. 18,

Fig. 20

eine Seitenansicht einer weiteren Variante der erfindungsgemäßen Richttraverse,

Fig. 21

eine Draufsicht auf die Richttraverse von Fig. 20,

Fig. 22

eine Seitenansicht einer weiteren Variante der erfindungsgemäßen Richttraverse,

Fig. 23

eine Draufsicht auf die Richttraverse von Fig. 22,

Fig. 24

eine Seitenansicht noch einer Variante der erfindungsgemäßen Richttraverse,

Fig. 25

eine Draufsicht auf die Richttraverse von Fig. 24,

Fig. 26

einen Querschnitt durch eine weitere Variante der erfindungsgemäßen Fahrbahn und

Fig. 27

eine Draufsicht auf ein Detail von Fig. 26.

Embodiments of the invention are shown in the drawing and are described below. Each shows in a schematic representation:

Fig. 1

3 shows a cross section through a solid carriageway with a two-part threshold produced by the method according to the invention,

Fig. 1a, b

two variants of FIG. 1 with monoblock threshold,

Fig. 1c

1 with a plate,

Fig. 2

2 shows a section along line II-II in FIG. 1,

Fig. 3

2 shows a plan view of a detail from FIG. 2,

Fig. 4

a side view of a lifting and straightening device according to the invention for use in a method according to the invention,

Fig. 5

a representation of the use of a device according to the invention in a method according to the invention in successive steps,

Fig. 6

2 shows a top view of another lifting and straightening device according to the invention for use in a method according to the invention,

Fig. 7

6 shows a side view of the device from FIG. 6,

Fig. 8

a side view of a separate directional crossbeam,

Fig. 9

8 shows a plan view of the directional crossbeam of FIG. 8,

Fig. 10

a plan view of another directional crossbeam,

Fig. 11

10 shows a side view of the straightening cross beam from FIG. 10,

Fig. 12

a side view of a separate directional crossbar,

Fig. 13

FIG. 12 shows a top view of the straightening cross beam from FIG. 12,

Fig. 14

a detail of Figure 12,

Fig. 15

14 shows a detail of FIG. 14 in perspective,

Fig. 16

14 shows a side view of a further detail from FIG. 14,

Fig. 17

16 shows a variant of FIG. 16,

Fig. 18

2 shows a side view of a threshold designed as a directional crossbeam,

Fig. 19

a plan view of the threshold of Fig. 18,

Fig. 20

a side view of a further variant of the straightening crossbar according to the invention,

Fig. 21

20 shows a plan view of the straightening cross beam from FIG. 20,

Fig. 22

a side view of a further variant of the straightening crossbar according to the invention,

Fig. 23

22 shows a plan view of the directional crossbeam of FIG. 22,

Fig. 24

a side view of another variant of the directional crossbar according to the invention,

Fig. 25

24 shows a plan view of the straightening cross beam from FIG. 24,

Fig. 26

a cross section through a further variant of the roadway according to the invention and

Fig. 27

a plan view of a detail of Fig. 26th

Fig. 1 shows a two-part threshold 1 with a first part 2 and second part 3, each carrying a rail 4, 5, via releasable fastening means 6 are connected to the threshold 1. The two parts 2 and 3 of the threshold 1 are connected to one another via connecting rods 7, which are supplemented via struts 7 'to form a reinforcement cage 8.

The sleepers 1 are with the connecting iron 7 and the reinforcement cage 8 poured into an upper base layer 9 made of concrete, which on a lower base layer 10, in particular a hydraulically bound base layer, is applied. Furthermore, one is in the upper base layer 9 connected to the reinforcement cage 8, in particular bridged, steel mat 11 poured.

The two parts 2 and 3 of the threshold 1 each have one or two sides Concrete or reinforcing extensions 12 through which threaded sleeves 13 are guided downwards over the parts 2 and 3 of the threshold 1 survive and are connected to the reinforcement cage 8. In the threaded sleeves 13 spindles 14 are screwed in at their lower end each have a base plate 15 with which the spindles 14 on the lower base layer 10 are supported.

In the middle between the two parts 2 and 3 of the threshold 1 is one on the connecting iron 7 longitudinally displaceable fixing plate 16 provided with a central passage opening 17, which in detail in Fig. 2 and 3 is shown. Through the passage opening 17 of the fixing plate 16 is a rod 18 guided with its lower end in a Recess 19 protrudes into the lower base layer 10. Is preferred the rod 18 in the recess 19, which is one in the longitudinal direction the slot or a hole extending in the roadway, in its height fixed while the fixing plate 16 on the rod 18 in the height is guided.

Fig. 1 also shows formwork elements 20, the side of the upper base layer 9 are arranged and extend in the longitudinal direction of the road. The formwork elements 20 are over an upper formwork holder 21 and a lower formwork holder 22 on the threshold support the threshold 1 or via band iron with formwork locks on Anchored rod. With a simplified solution, the lower formwork holder can 22a anchored to a steel mat 11 fastened to the threshold his. The upper formwork holders 21a are each on one Rail foot 23, 24 of the rails 4, 5 hooked in and preferably out Round steel made. The lower formwork holders 22a are preferably made made of flat steel and are each suspended in a strut of the steel mat 11.

As can be seen in FIGS. 2 and 3, the fixing plate 16 is in two parts formed with two mirror-symmetrical halves 25, 26, grasp the two connecting irons 7 and together between them Leave out the passage opening 17 for the rod 18. The two Halves 25 and 26 also each have at least one passage opening 27, 28 for the implementation of fasteners, in particular an Allen screw 29, 30, each with a nut 31, 32nd work together. The nuts 31, 32 are preferably on the two Halves 25, 26 welded so that they are captive. Instead of The halves 25, 26 can also be fixed by fastening means 27, 29 are welded to the threshold reinforcement.

The lifting and straightening device shown in Fig. 4 comprises a frame 33 with a central, horizontal support 34, in the two side extension arms 35 and 36 are retractable and extendable, which in turn on their free Ends with vertical supports 37 and 38 are connected to vertical guides 39 and 40 are slidably guided in height. The vertical guides 39, 40 are each with their lower end on a floor chassis 41, 42, in particular a crawler chassis, supported, with which the frame 33 can be moved on the lower base layer 10 is.

On the underside of the central, horizontal support 34 are lifting cylinders 43 attached with roller tongs 44 and running and straightening rollers 45. There is also a work platform below the horizontal, central support 34 46 provided. Via the lifting cylinder 43 with the roller tongs 44 are the rails 4 and 5 of a track section to be laid can be raised, the frame 33 simultaneously in the longitudinal direction of the rails 4, 5 is movable. The same applies to the running and straightening rollers 45, are supported on the top and on the sides of the rails 4, 5. The lateral extension arms 35, 36 are retracted and extended via a drive 47. Accordingly, for raising and lowering vertical supports 37 and 38 on the vertical guides 39 and 40 as well not shown for moving the frame 33 along the road Drives provided.

To produce a solid roadway according to the invention A track section with sleepers 1 and rails 4, 5 is moved by means of the frame 33 of the lifting and straightening device shown in FIG. 4 raised and above the lower base layer 10 of the road roughly positioned. Then at a threshold 1 in the lower base layer 10, in particular laser-controlled, introduced a hole and then hammered a rod 18 into the bore 19 or screwed in or inserted and cast. Next is the Threshold 1 aligned laterally and in height via the frame 33, an inclination in the transverse direction of the roadway is also adjustable. Then the spindles 14 are screwed out of the sleeves 13 so far, until they sit on the lower base layer 10 with their underlay plates 15. At the same time or subsequently, the threshold 1 is fixed by means of the fixing plate 16 fixed to the rod 18 mutual displacement by the both parts 25 and 26 of the fixing plate 16 along the connecting struts 7 pushed together and by screwing in the Allen screws 29, 30 be clamped on this. Instead of the Allen screws can also a weld can be provided.

After the threshold 1 has been fixed in the intended position poured them into the upper base layer 9. For this, the formwork is used beforehand 20, 21, 22 attached. If the top base material, so especially the concrete that begins to set, the preferred ones Spindles 14 turned up in the sleeves 13 so that the threshold 1 one Shrinkage of the upper base layer 9 can follow when setting. The Threshold 1 slides down with the fixing plate 16 on the rod 18. The lateral fixation of the threshold 1 is retained.

Now the fastenings 6 of the rails 4 and 5 can be released to entering forces as the upper binds further Base layer 9 in the threshold 1 to avoid the rails 4, 5. To complete fastening of the upper base layer 9 are the rail fastenings 6 then tightened again and the formwork elements 20th as well as the upper formwork holder 21 removed. The lower formwork holder 22, 22a, however, remain in the upper base layer 9.

As shown in Fig. 5, the described manufacture of the solid takes place Roadway according to the inventive method preferably in cycles. After the sleepers 1 and the rails 4, 5 either in the yoke process or deposited in the individual laying process on the lower base layer 10 , the manufacturing process according to the invention begins with the in Fig. 5a shown first clock. Here the rails 4, 5 with the sleepers 1 fastened thereon raised by means of a first frame 33 and roughly aligned at a distance from the lower base layer 10. The frame 33 then moves forward in the working direction I into that in FIG. 5b position shown. The first frame 33 takes over Crawler track 41, 42 is supported on the lower base layer 10, via connecting rods 48 with two further frames 33 ', 33' ', which via the rollers 45 are supported on the rails 4, 5.

In the second working cycle shown in FIG. 5b, the first Frame 33 again roughly aligned a threshold 1, while the second Frame 33 'that is previously from the first frame 33 in the previous one Work cycle roughly aligned threshold 1 finely aligned. The second frame is based on support means 51 on the lower one Base layer 10 from.

The thresholds 1 aligned by the frames 33 and 33 'become by unscrewing the spindles 14 from the sleeves 13 on the lower one Support layer 10 supported. The thresholds 1 in between can, but do not have to, supported by unscrewing their spindles 14 become.

In the third cycle, which is shown in Fig. 5c, the third Frame 33 '' active to the previously roughly and finely aligned Align threshold 1 very finely and fix it permanently. That is, the Spindles 14 are brought into their end positions, and the threshold 1 fixed to the rod 18 by the fixing plate 16 on the connecting iron 7 is clamped or welded. The third frame also supports it is supported on the lower base layer 10 via support means 51. At the same time, the first frame 33 again guides the rough alignment further threshold 1 and the second frame 33 'the fine alignment of the previously roughly aligned from the first frame 33 threshold 1.

5d shows the next work cycle in which the three frames 33, 33 ' and 33 '' again in working direction I by a certain threshold number have advanced. In this work cycle, the second threshold 1 is passed through the third frame 33 '' finely aligned and fixed. Now that can Formwork 20 are attached to the two fixed sleepers 1 and the thresholds 1 in between into the upper carrier material 9 shed. After the upper base layer 9 has completely set the formwork 20 removed. If necessary after cleaning, it can then can be reused earlier.

1a, 1b and 1c show, instead of that shown in Fig. 1 two-part threshold 1 basically any other thresholds, in particular, one-piece sleepers or plates 1a are used. It is only necessary to attach the sleepers 1 or panels 1a to provide for the rod 18, for example an elongated hole 49 or a side device such as a bracket 50 or a lateral recess 50a in the middle of a one-piece threshold 1 or plate 1a with suitable adjusting and / or fixing means.

The thresholds 1 and the rails 4, 5 are aligned in particular laser controlled. Basically, however, all other possible ones Measuring method can be used. All sleepers with sleeves 13 are preferred provided so that any thresholds or all thresholds if necessary can be supported on the lower base layer 10. Also the fixing plates 16 are preferably provided on all thresholds 1 or so trained that they can be retrofitted.

Another device for lifting and straightening one to be installed Track section is shown in Figures 6 and 7. The device comprises a floor trolley 49 with four caterpillars 50, on which the entire lifting and straightening means are arranged. Otherwise, the device is correct essentially corresponds to the device described above. Also In principle, the device is used in the same way as previously described. Due to the crawler track 49, the shown Device can be moved completely independently of the track.

In the variant shown in FIGS. 8 and 9 is in a base layer 101 introduced a sleeve-shaped bolt 102 on a solid roadway and anchored. A rod 103 engages in the sleeve-shaped bolt 102 its lower end, which in an elongated hole 104 of a cross member 105 according to arrow I in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the cross member 105 is led. In principle, however, such an embodiment is also, for example possible, in which the rod 103 engages around the bolt 102. To the Rod 103 laterally engages an adjusting screw 106, which is in a thread 107 of the traverse 105 is rotatably mounted. About this set screw 106 the rod 103 is displaced relative to the cross member 105 or vice versa.

The traverse 105 has two receptacles 109 on its upper side 108 two rails of a track, not shown here. By recording 109 the rails are laterally fixed relative to the crossbeam 105. Therefore, the tracks used with the traverse 105 are actuated the set screw 106 laterally shifted. In this way, the Lateral position of the track can be set up.

Traverses 105 of this type can basically be used for a track to be set up be provided between each threshold. But it is also possible to provide the trusses 105 only at certain intervals, that is not between all thresholds. Even the thresholds themselves can be found in this Be designed as a directional crossbar.

After the track over the trusses 105 laterally and over the Thresholds aligned in height will be on the lower base 101 applied an upper base layer, in which the sleepers be poured in. After the upper base layer has hardened sufficiently the trusses 105 can be detached from the rails and removed become. For this purpose, the rod 103 is preferably detachable with the cross member 105 connected, for example screwed into this. After removing the Rod 103 and loosening the rails from the crosshead 105 can face this slightly lowered from the track and then removed from the side. As a result, the traverses 105 can be reused.

Another possibility of setting the lateral direction using the crossbar 105 is shown in FIGS. 10 and 11. Accordingly, an eccentric device 110 used, which is arranged in the elongated hole 104 of the cross member 105 is. The eccentric device 110 consists of a rod 111 which inserted into the sleeve-shaped bolt 102 and there through an inside lying support device is anchored. The top end of rod 111 stands above the traverse 105 upwards. On this protruding Section of the rod 111 is arranged the actual eccentric is fixed on the crossbar 105 by lateral guide strips 112. The Eccentric 110 comprises an eccentric section 113, which on the guide strips 112 the crossbar 105 attacks to move the crossbar, and an actuating section 114, in particular a hexagonal section, to turn the eccentric according to arrow II. After hiring the lateral position of the cross member 105, the eccentric is fixed, in particular via a wedge 115 in the sleeve-shaped bolt 102. Also in this In this case, the sleepers themselves can be used as a beam be trained.

Another thought is that the separate traverse 105 in addition to Determination of the height of the track and the mutual height of the two rails of the track. This is in Figs 16 shown. Accordingly, on the traverse 105 on both sides Outside, a spindle device 116 is provided, which in principle how the known spindle devices work on sleepers can. By turning the spindles 117 in the sleeves 118 with an internal thread the spindles are placed on the base layer 101 in order to to fix the set altitude. It is preferred if the sleeve 118 is releasably connected to the traverse 105, for example via a Bayonet lock, as indicated in FIGS. 12 to 16. Thereby the spindle 117 can be released from the traverse 105. For this, the Sleeve 118 released from the cross member 105 and the spindle device 116 with the spindle 117 pulled out upwards. Of course, too other coupling options between sleeve 118 and crossbar 105 applicable. The spindle 117 is rotated, for example, via a Hexagon 119.

As shown in Fig. 17, the spindle can also be used as a formwork holder become. For this purpose, the formwork 120 is suspended in the spindle 117 or otherwise connected to it. Then the top Base layer 121 or an underpour 121a on the lower base layer 101 be applied. After removing the spindle unit 116, too the formwork 120 are removed.

18 and 19 show a monoblock threshold designed as a directional crossbar 150 with rail mountings 151 and a central slot 152, in which the straightening device 153 engages. This is with the 18 and 19 designed as a spindle drive, with a spindle gear arranged in a housing 154, which can be actuated via a handwheel 155, one which crosses the housing Spindle 156 and a sleeve 157 attached to the housing, the engages over a bolt 159 introduced into the lower support layer 158. The spindle 156 has a support plate 160 at each of its two ends with which it is supported in the slot 152 of the concrete sleeper 150.

By turning the handwheel 155, the transmission moves with the transmission housing 154 in the corresponding direction according to arrow I along the Spindle 156. Since the gear housing 154 on the sleeve 157 supports the bolt 159, the monoblock threshold 150 is thereby the rails defined in the rail mounts 151 laterally shifted. In this way, the desired lateral position of the track section can be set. The gear is preferably a reduction gear trained so that it is secured against unintentional adjustment is.

The variant shown in FIGS. 20 and 21 works in principle in the same way. Here, too, is preferred as a reduction gear trained spindle gear 153 is provided, which is a Sleeve 157 and a bolt 159 supported on the lower base layer 158. In contrast to the previous variant, the spindle 156 is, however extended to a separate directional crossbeam that at both ends each carries a rail mount 151. The one shown in Figs. 20 and 21 Variant is between two sleepers or, in the case of panel construction, inserted between the rail bases around the track section align laterally. In addition, the handwheel 155 is on the Top of the gear housing 154 is provided. To avoid a Contamination of the spindle 156 are on both sides of the spindle housing 154 two protective bellows 161 are also provided, of which, however only one is shown.

In the variant shown in FIGS. 22 and 23, the directional crossbeam is formed as a box profile 162. This in turn has a central one Recess 163 in which a in the manner previously described Eccentric 164 is inserted. The side ends of box section 162 are formed with tapered walls 165, the inclination of the inclination the opposite walls 166 of the two blocks 167 one Two-block threshold 168 corresponds. This allows the box section 162 simply inserted between the two blocks 167 of the monoblock threshold 168 become.

The eccentric 164 is also supported, also in that previously described Way, by means of a bolt 169 in the lower support layer 170 from. By rotating the eccentric 164, the box profile 162 can be relative are laterally shifted to the lower support layer 170. About the Rail receptacles 171 on the two blocks 167 of the two-block sleeper 168 the track section is taken along and can thus in be aligned laterally as desired.

The variant shown in FIGS. 24 and 25 again includes a Spindle gear 172 with a handwheel 173 and a spindle 174. An receiving shoes 175 are arranged at the two ends of the spindle 174, the slope of which automatically matches the slope of the opposite one Pages 176 of the two blocks 177 of a monoblock threshold 178 to adjust. The spindle gear is in turn located in a gear housing 179, which is supported by a sleeve 180 on a bolt 181, which in a lower support layer 182 is introduced. The spindle 174 is again provided with two protective bellows 183, of which only one is shown here is. In addition, the two blocks 177 carry the two-block threshold 178 here also rail mounts 184.

When the handwheel 173 is rotated, the spindle 174 moves accordingly Arrow I in the lateral direction and takes over the receiving shoes 175 the two-block threshold 178 and thus the two rails in the Rail mounts 184 with. In this way, the track can be aligned sideways become. The gear is again preferred as a transmission gear trained so that it is secured against unintentional adjustment is.

In the variant shown in FIGS. 26 and 27 is in a lower Base layer 201 a rod 202, in particular a straightening bolt introduced and anchored. In the two side areas of the lower base layer 201, angle brackets 203 are set up on the lower base layer 201, one vertical leg 204 and, as shown in FIG. 27, comprise two horizontal legs 205 enclosing an angle α. There is a respective one between the angle supports 203 and the rod 202 Wire rope 206 tensioned, which has one end on a steel ring 207 is anchored, which is applied to the rod 202. The others End of the wire ropes 206 are each through a passage 208 in the Angle supports 203 guided and have a loop 209. About one Pin 210 are these ends of the wire cables 206 on the angle brackets 203 anchored. As shown in dashed and dash-dotted lines, can be next to additional wire ropes 211 and 212 may be provided for the wire ropes 206, which also on the steel ring 207 or in a central portion of the Wire rope 206 are attached. The other ends of these additional ones Ropes 211 and 212 are in an upper portion of the vertical leg 204 of the angle brackets 203 anchored, also preferably detachable.

After the angle supports have been set up and anchored, the Scarf boards 213 attached. As can be seen from Figure 27, the Formwork boards arranged so that the wire cables 206, 211, 212 each run between two adjacent formwork boards. Separate bushings in the formwork boards are unnecessary. After the formwork boards 213 were installed, the layer of concrete between the each other opposite sheathing boards are cast. If the concrete layer is sufficiently hardened, the angle brackets 203 removed by pulling the pins 210 out of the loops 209. The formwork boards 213 can then also be removed. On in this way, not only the formwork boards 213 but also the angle supports 203 available for reuse. Only that Wire ropes 206, 211 and 212 are lost. So that is the invention Processes particularly simple and economical.

In principle, all of the variants described can be combined with one another and the various details such as the adjustment device and support exchanged among the different variants become.

Reference list

1

threshold

1a

plate

2nd

Part of 1

3rd

Part of 1

4th

rail

5

rail

6

Rail fastening

7

Connecting iron

7 '

Connecting strut

8th

Reinforcement cage

9

upper base layer

10th

lower base layer

11

Steel mat

12th

Approach to 2 or 3

13

Sleeve

14

spindle

15

Base plate

16

Fixing plate

17th

Recess in 16

18th

Rod

19th

Recess in 10

20th

Formwork element

21, 21a

upper formwork holder

22, 22a

lower formwork holder

23

Rail foot

24th

Rail foot

25th

Half of 16

26

Half of 16

27

Passage opening

28

Passage opening

29

Allen screw

30th

Allen screw

31

mother

32

mother

33

frame

34

horizontal, central support

35

side extension arm

36

side extension arm

37

Vertical beam

38

Vertical beam

39

Vertical guidance

40

Vertical guidance

41

chassis

42

chassis

43

Lifting cylinder

44

Roller tongs

45

Running and straightening role

46

Working platform

47

drive

48

Connecting rod

49

Long hole

50

hanger

50a

side recess

51

Support means

101

lower base layer

102

Sleeve

103

Rod

104

Long hole

105

traverse

106

Set screw

107

thread

108

Top of 105

109

Rail mounting

110

Eccentric device

111

Rod

112

Guide bar

113

Eccentric section

114

Operating section

115

wedge

116

Spindle device

117

spindle

118

Sleeve

119

Hexagon

120

formwork

121

upper base layer

150

Monoblock threshold

151

Rail mounting

152

Long hole

153

Spindle drive

154

Gear housing

155

Handwheel

156

spindle

157

Sleeve

158

lower base layer

159

bolt

160

Support plate

161

Bellows

162

Box profile

163

Recess

164

Eccentric device

165

Side wall

166

Side wall

167

block

168

Two-block threshold

169

bolt

170

lower base layer

171

Rail mounting

172

Spindle drive

173

Handwheel

174

spindle

175

Recording shoe

176

Side wall

177

block

178

Two-block threshold

179

Gear housing

180

Sleeve

181

bolt

182

lower base layer

183

Bellows

184

Rail mounting

201

lower base layer

202

Rod

203

Angle support

204

leg

205

leg

206

Wire rope

207

Steel ring

208

execution

209

loop

210

pen

211

Wire rope

212

Wire rope

213

Scarf board

I.

Direction of displacement

II

Direction of rotation of 110

α

angle

Claims (63)

Method for producing a fixed carriageway for rail vehicles with sleepers (1) or plates (1a) provided transversely to the carriageway and carrying the rails (4, 5), in particular made of concrete, which are in an upper base layer (9), in particular also made of concrete, are poured in or poured in or lined with it, which in turn is supported on a lower base layer (10), in particular a so-called hydraulically bound base layer, with the following steps: Producing a track section with rails (4, 5) and sleepers (1) or plates (1a) attached to them at a predetermined distance from one another, Arranging and holding the track section at a distance above the lower base layer (10), Introducing bars (18) into the lower base layer (10), in particular in the middle of the carriageway, Straightening the side and height of the track section, Supporting the track section, in particular over at least part of the sleepers (1) or plates (1a), on the lower base layer (10), Fixing the track section, in particular via the sleepers (1) or plates (1a) on the associated rods (18) against lateral displacement, and Pouring the upper base layer (9) or the underpour or the relining, in particular using a previously attached casing (20). A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the rods (18) in recesses previously made in the lower base layer (10) (19) can be introduced. A method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the track section is slidably attached to the bars (18) becomes. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that that the sleepers (1) or plates (1a) after the support of the track section on the lower base layer (10) of the rails (4, 5) can be released. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that that the rods (18) each in the middle of the associated Threshold (1) to be attached to this. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that that one under the thresholds (1) or plates (1a) several thresholds (1) covering and in particular with these connected reinforcement (11) is provided, which in the upper base layer (9) is also cast in. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that that the thresholds (1) partially into the thresholds (1) cast reinforcement cage (8) with which the reinforcement (11) is connected. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that that the recesses (19) in the lower base layer (10) are introduced as holes. Method according to one of the preceding claims 1 to 7, characterized characterized in that the recesses (19) in the lower Base layer (10) as continuously extending in the longitudinal direction of the road Slot are introduced. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that that the orientation of the side and / or the altitude of the track section in two or more steps. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that that the track position after fixation and support of the track section checked and if necessary again is corrected. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that that the track position after fixing the track section is documented. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that that for casting the upper base layer (9) or the Pouring or relining a formwork with formwork elements (20) is used, which are anchored to the track. A method according to claim 13, characterized in that the Formwork elements (20) on an upper formwork holder Rail foot (23, 24) and a lower formwork holder (22) can be anchored to the reinforcement (11). A method according to claim 14, characterized in that the lower formwork holder (22) in the upper base layer (9) or the potting is poured. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that that one-piece sleepers (1) or plates (1a) with a Slot, a central or a lateral recess, in the center of the sleeper or plate for the passage of the rod (18) can be used. Method according to one of the preceding claims 1 to 15, characterized characterized in that two-part sleepers (1) with two over Connection iron (7) connected to each other, one rail each (4, 5) supporting parts (2, 3) can be used. A method according to claim 17, characterized in that for lateral determination of the thresholds (1) on the bars (18) one along the connecting iron (7) displaceable and attachable to this Fixing plate (16) with a passage opening (17) for the rod (18) is used. A method according to claim 18, characterized in that the fixing plate (16) is formed in two parts, with two half each the passage opening (17) having parts (25, 26). Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that that the alignment of the track section by a separate device is made. Lifting device for lifting a track section with rails (4, 5) and sleepers (1) attached to it when producing a solid track for rail vehicles with at least one that Road spanning frame (33), on which, in particular on the rails (4, 5), grippers (44) and lifting means (37, 38, 39, 40) are attached to raise the track section, in particular for use in a method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the Frame (33) is designed to be movable along the road. Apparatus according to claim 21, characterized in that on Frame (33) additional means (45) for aligning the side and / or the height of the track section are provided. Device according to claim 21 or 22, characterized in that that at least three frames (33, 33 ', 33' ') are provided, of which at least the first frame (33) is a floor, in particular Crawler undercarriage (41, 42). Device according to claim 23, characterized in that the further frames (33 ', 33' ') have support means (51) for support during the lifting and straightening work and one each Rail carriage (45) for transport. Device according to claim 23 or 24, characterized in that that all frames (33, 33 ', 33' ') are connected to one another via connecting rods (48) are connected, which preferably also connecting lines wear. Device according to claim 23, characterized in that all Frame (33, 33 ', 33' ') on a common floor, in particular Crawler track, are arranged. Device according to one of claims 22 to 26, characterized in that that the frame (33, 33 ', 33' ') roller tongs (44) for holding and have straightening rollers (45) for aligning the track section, which can be unrolled on the rails (4, 5). Apparatus according to claim 26, characterized in that the Frame (33, 33 ', 33' ') can also be rolled off on the rails (4, 5) Have load rollers (45) that hold down the rails (4, 5). System for straightening a track in the production of a railroad track, in particular a solid roadway, in which the rail-bearing sleepers or panels in an upper base layer poured into the roadway or poured or relined with it are with a directional crossbar to be arranged transversely to the rails (105), which are for direct or indirect attack the rails is formed, one in the underground, in particular a lower base layer (101) or the bottom of a trough Support element (103) on which the directional crossbeam (105) is supported, and displacement means (106) for moving the Straightening crossbar (105) relative to the support element (103) in its longitudinal direction (I). System according to claim 29, characterized in that the bracing element (103) designed for arrangement in the middle of the road is. System according to claim 29 or 30, characterized in that the bracing element (103) can be detachably connected to the base (101) is. System according to one of claims 29 to 31, characterized in that that a rod (103) which can be fixed in the underground (101) which the adjustment means (106) engage serves as a support element. System according to claim 32, characterized in that an in the base (101) insertable sleeve (102) for receiving the Rod (103) is provided. System according to one of claims 29 to 33, characterized in that that the directional crossbeam (105) has a recess (104), which is penetrated by the rod (103) during straightening. System according to claim 34, characterized in that the Support the shifting device (110) in the recess (104). System according to claim 34 or 35, characterized in that the recess (104) as an elongated hole in the body of the directional crossbeam (105) is formed. System according to claim 34 or 35, characterized in that the recess by an existing on the side of the directional crossbar Bracket (50) is formed. System according to claims 29 to 37, characterized in that a Threshold (150) or plate is designed as a directional crossbar. System according to claim 38, characterized in that the Threshold (150) is a monoblock threshold. System according to claims 29 to 37, characterized in that the Straightening cross member (105) is designed as a separate component. System according to claim 40, characterized in that the separate Component spanned the entire track and recordings (109) for fixing the rails. System according to claim 40, characterized in that the separate Component (162) for insertion between the two blocks (167) a two-block threshold (168) is formed. System according to one of claims 40 to 42, characterized in that that the directional crossbar is designed as a threaded rod (156) is. System according to one of claims 40 to 42, characterized in that that the directional crossbeam (105) is designed as a bar. System according to one of claims 40 to 42, characterized in that that the directional cross member is designed as a box profile (162). System according to one of claims 29 to 45, characterized in that that at least one adjusting screw (106) as an adjusting device serves. System according to one of claims 29 to 45, characterized in that that an eccentric (110) serves as an adjusting device. System according to one of claims 29 to 45, characterized in that that a spindle drive (153) serves as an adjusting device. System according to claim 48, characterized in that the spindle drive (153) comprises a threaded rod (156), which at the same time as Straightening cross beam serves. System according to claim 49, characterized in that the threaded rod (156) is provided with a protective bellows (161). System according to one of claims 29 to 50, characterized in that that means for lateral fixation on the directional crossbeam of the track section during the completion of the slab track are provided. System according to one of claims 29 to 50, characterized in that that means for lateral fixation of the track are provided are attacking the sleepers (1) or plates (1a). System according to one of claims 29 to 52, characterized in that that on the directional crossbeam (105) means for fixing the Elevation of the track and / or the mutual elevation of the two rails are provided. System according to claim 53, characterized in that at the one each of the two lateral end regions of the directional crossbeam (105) Spindle device (116) for unwinding the directional crossbeam (105) is arranged. System according to claim 54, characterized in that in the Straightening crossbeam (105) sleeves (118) with internal thread are provided, in which spindles (117) are inserted. System according to claim 55, characterized in that the sleeves (118) are detachably connected to the directional crossbeam (105). System according to claim 56, characterized in that the sleeves (118) connected to the directional crossbeam (105) via a bayonet lock are. System according to one of claims 54 to 57, characterized in that that the spindles (117) of the spindle device (116) at the same time as formwork holder for a formwork (120) for the upper one Base layer (121) or the pouring or relining formed are. Process for producing a solid track for rail vehicles with rail supports provided across the lane Sleepers or plates, in particular made of concrete, which are laid in a base layer, in particular also made of concrete, poured or with these are underpoured or relined, which in turn are on one lower base layer (201), in particular a so-called hydraulic bound base layer, is supported, in which the upper base layer or the underpour or relining by means of cladding (213) attached on both sides of the carriageway directly cast on site on the underlying base layer (201) is, in particular according to a method of claims 1 to 20, characterized in that the casing (213) by means of angle brackets (203) are supported, the side of the to be manufactured top base course and that the angle brackets (203) via traction means (206, 211, 212) such as ropes or wires a rod (202) or. introduced into the lower base layer (201) the like are anchored. A method according to claim 59, characterized in that the Traction means (206, 211, 212) releasably attached to the angle supports (203) become. A method according to claim 60, characterized in that the Traction means (206, 211, 212) with a loop (209) through a Feedthrough (208) passed through the angle supports (203) and then by means of a pin inserted through the loop (209) (210) can be anchored to the angle supports (203). Method according to one of claims 59 to 61, characterized in that that the traction means (206, 211, 212) directly above the lower one Base layer (201) are anchored to the rod (202), in particular over a ring (207) surrounding the rod (202). Method according to one of claims 59 to 62, characterized in that that the traction means (206, 211, 212) in particular in the manner of a Rope triangle on the angle supports (203) on the one hand directly above the lower base layer (201) and on the other hand further attack above.

Images