CN1635880A - 双胍衍生物在制备具有瘢痕形成作用的医药产品中的应用 - Google Patents
双胍衍生物在制备具有瘢痕形成作用的医药产品中的应用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及具有下列通式的双胍衍生物或其可药用盐在制备具有瘢痕形成作用的医药产品中的用途,所述产品为局部用制剂形式,其中:R1和R2彼此独立地代表氢原子、C1-C7烷基、环烷基、杂环、C2-C7链烯基、芳基、芳烷基、芳氧基烷基或杂芳基,或R1和R2在一起代表可含有一个或更多杂原子的C2-C7亚烷基,并且R3代表伯、仲或叔胺。
Description
本发明涉及创伤的瘢痕形成(cicatrization)。具体地说,本发明涉及双胍衍生物或其可药用盐(具优势地为二甲双胍)在制备具有瘢痕形成作用的医药产品中的应用。
各类型组织上的创伤或类似损伤的结瘢通常要依赖于上皮组织、内皮组织和结缔组织等新组织的增生。这样就涉及细胞和分子的一系列协调活动。伴有一些长期疾病(例如,静脉功能不全、动脉炎、糖尿病和甚至某些疗法)的代谢紊乱会使结瘢延误或变化。
目前,药物市场上有许多推荐用于瘢痕形成的局部用制剂。实际上,这些制剂的作用效果来自于其不同成分间的互补性,这些成分在一定程度上具有结瘢性能。这些产品是通过抗菌敷料将伤口与外界隔离开来。这些产品会刺激血管生成的进程并调节表皮的形成。这些外用制剂主要由脂类混合物(羊毛脂、矿脂、甘油等)组成,其中掺有酸(水杨酸、苯甲酸、苹果酸)、矿物质(氧化锌、氧化钛)或卤化物(淀粉碘)。
有些制剂中也含胶原蛋白、纤维蛋白原、酶促血清蛋白水解物(proteolysate)(供应氨基酸)或维生素(维生素A)或激素(4-氯-醋酸睾酮)。也可以是软膏形式(Laboratoires Syntex公司的Madecasoltulgras),加入从植物Centella asiatica(TCEA)根中提取的三种三萜的混合物可提供结瘢作用。这些化合物通过刺激胶原蛋白和糖胺聚糖(glycoaminoglycan)的生物合成发挥其特性。然而,这些提取物会使病人产生接触性过敏。
众所周知,糖尿病的一个并发症是皮肤外观的主诉,例如溃疡(或甚至是溃疡性的坏死性血管性皮炎(angiodermatitis))或穿孔性皮肤病,糖尿病治疗中采用常规药品不能控制或治疗这些病症。
已知存在以双胍作为基础的药物组合物。然而,它们作为促进血糖恢复平衡的抗高血糖药物,仅用于治疗某些形式的糖尿病(主要是非胰岛素依赖性的II型糖尿病)。二甲双胍(metformin)是这种治疗中最常用的双胍衍生物。
每日剂量在500mg-3g之间,这取决于糖尿病患者的血糖含量。二甲双胍对人具有很高的治疗安全系数(margin),可作为具有良好耐受性的医药产品。
据信,二甲双胍的抗高血糖作用首先是由于内源性胰岛素活性的增加,其次是由于二甲双胍经由胰岛素依赖性机制的作用。具体地说,二甲双胍的作用表现为:降低葡萄糖在肠内的吸收,增加血糖的细胞吸收,降低肝产生的葡萄糖(抑制新糖生成),并将胰岛素恢复到使血糖正常化所需的水平。这些作用部分地是因二甲双胍可增强现有水平胰岛素的作用所致,即提高了胰岛素受体的酪氨酸激酶的酶活性,该受体引发“后受体(post-receptor)”信号级联。
专利申请FR2,213,778公开了用于治疗增生性皮肤病的新型组合物,其中包括双胍衍生物苯乙双胍。增生性皮肤病是良性和恶性的皮肤病,其特征在于表皮、真皮或其内含物的细胞出现慢性的过度增生。该专利公开的组合物可减少这种过度增生,但其不具有结瘢作用,也就是说加速了组织生长。
本发明令人惊奇地发现,双胍衍生物、尤其是二甲双胍也具有很强的结瘢性能,即其刺激活性趋向于复杂的生理学现象,特别地其可在创伤区域增强细胞的生长。这种短暂的增生反应可引起对皮肤完整性的缺损产生响应,从而保证深层组织的修复和创伤区域表皮的重构。
因此,以软膏形式局部施用该化合物可迅速并持久地使糖尿病个体的腿部溃疡结瘢,反复局部施用活性成分也强化了这种治疗效果。此外,二甲双胍还可加速非糖尿病个体无张力性创伤的结瘢。
相对于天然结瘢性产物的质量控制所遇到的困难以及分离这些化合物所需的一系列处理步骤而言,双胍衍生物的合成是比较简单、完全和快速的,因此双胍衍生物是非常有利地活性成分。
本发明涉及具有下列通式的双胍衍生物或其可药用盐在制备具有瘢痕形成作用的医药产品中的应用:
其中:
R1和R2独立地代表氢原子、C1-C7烷基、环烷基、杂环、C2-C7链烯基、芳基、芳烷基、芳氧基烷基或杂芳基,
或R1和R2在一起代表可包含一个或多个杂原子的C2-C7亚烷基,
并且R3基团代表伯、仲或叔胺。所述医药产品为局部用制剂形式,该产品为优选施用到皮肤上。
在本发明中,“C1-C7烷基”是指任何直链或支链、取代或未取代的C1-C7烷基,例如,甲基、乙基、丙基、异丙基或丁基及其异构体。
在本发明中,“环烷基”是指任何含有3-7个碳原子的环烷基,例如环己烷。
在本发明中,“杂环”是指任何含有3-7个原子的环,其中一个或更多原子为杂原子,例如,氮、氧或硫原子,其他为碳原子。
在本发明中,“C2-C7链烯基”是指任何直链或支链、取代或未取代的C2-C7链烯基,例如乙烯基或丙烯基。
在本发明中,“芳基”是指任何芳香族的烃基,例如含有一个或更多取代基的苯基,所述取代基例如上述定义的C1-C7烷基、C2-C7链烯基或卤素。
在本发明中,“芳烷基”是指任何链接有上述定义烷基的上述定义芳基。有利地是,当烷基为CH2和芳基为苯基时,该苯基按上述定义方式被取代,当烷基不是CH2时,芳基如上定义,有利地为苯基。
在本发明中,“芳氧基烷基”是指链接有烷氧基的上述定义芳基,所述烷氧基的烷基残基如上定义。
在本发明中,“杂芳基”是指任何含一个或更多杂原子、例如硫、氮或氧原子的以烃基为基础的芳基,其中具有一个或更多取代基,例如上述定义的C1-C7烷基、C2-C7链烯基或卤素。杂芳基的实例是呋喃基、异噁唑基(isoxazyl)、吡啶基和嘧啶基。
在本发明中,“C2-C7亚烷基”是指任何C2-C7亚烷基,例如亚乙基、亚丙基、亚丁基或亚戊基。
在本发明中,“可药用盐”是指采用任何药用无毒有机或无机酸所制的的任何盐,所述酸包括:乙酸,苯磺酸,苯甲酸,柠檬酸,乙磺酸,富马酸,葡萄糖酸,谷氨酸,氢溴酸,盐酸,乳酸,马来酸,苹果酸,杏仁酸,甲磺酸,粘酸,硝酸,棕榈酸(palmoic acid),泛酸,磷酸,琥珀酸,酒石酸,以及对甲苯磺酸。有利地是盐酸。
在本发明中,“局部用剂型”是指可施用于创伤表面,尤其是皮肤或外、内粘膜局部作用的任何剂型。特别地,所述医药产品可以是油剂、乳膏、摩丝、搽剂、洗剂、软膏、液体制剂、凝胶、乳状物、散剂或喷雾剂形式。该剂型可包括单相载体,可由中性羟丙纤维素凝胶或羧甲基纤维素钠形成的荷电凝胶组成。也可制成含有两相载体形式的乳膏,所述载体包括分散在亲脂相中的亲水相。该医药产品有利地是以凝胶或软膏形式存在。有利地也可为活性敷料形式,该敷料包含支持层,其中双胍衍生物浸渍或负载于支持层中,有利地为以凝胶或软膏形式存在。尤其是活性敷料由水胶体性敷料与一种或多种双胍衍生物组成。
在本发明一个特定实施方案中,R1和R2独立地代表氢原子、C1-C7烷基、环烷基、杂环、C2-C7链烯基、芳氧基烷基或杂芳基。
在本发明另一实施方案中,R3代表具有下式结构的仲胺:
有利地是,所用的双胍衍生物是二甲双胍,更有利地是其盐酸形式。
在一个特定实施例中,该医药产品包含0.02-2%重量的通式I双胍衍生物或其药用盐和适宜的赋形剂。所述赋形剂可选自与活性成分有良好相容性的化合物,例如天然聚合型的水溶性聚合物,例如多糖(黄原胶、角豆树胶,peptin等)或多肽,纤维素衍生物,例如甲基纤维素、羟丙纤维素或羟丙基甲基纤维素,或其它合成聚合物,泊洛沙姆(polaxamer),卡波姆(carbomer),PVA或PVP。
最后,本领域技术人员可以向该医药产品中加入各种赋形剂,例如潜溶剂,例如乙醇、甘油或苄醇,润湿剂(甘油),扩散促进剂(transcurol、尿素)或抗菌防腐剂(0.15%的对羟基甲酸甲酯)。
在本发明一个特定实施方案中,双胍衍生物或其药用盐可与至少一种其它活性成分联用。所述活性成分例如抗生素、抗真菌剂或抗病毒药,这样可加速损伤或感染组织的结瘢,并同时或联合治疗潜在的感染。
这类活性成分也可含有用于促进结瘢的其它成分,例如表皮生长因子、成纤维细胞生长因子、血小板衍生生长因子等。
通式I的双胍衍生物及其可药用盐、尤其是二甲双胍(有利地是其盐酸形式)能促进任何类型创伤或损伤的结瘢。例如,这些创伤和损伤包括:外科切口,热或化学灼伤,辐射所致的灼伤,擦伤,撕裂,截肢术,局部缺血性溃疡或褥疮,口腔损伤或溃疡或角膜损伤,尤其是对衰弱个体、老年人、放疗或化疗个体或糖尿病人实施外科手术所致的损伤。这些病例与在皮肤循环不足病人中观察到的所有皮肤病(红斑性病变、脉管炎)以及在糖尿病人中观察到的所有损伤类似。本发明药用组合物和医药产品也适于治疗组织坏死,例如栓塞后的组织坏死。
下面的本发明组合物实施例旨在说明,并无限制性质。
实施例
制备几种不含防腐剂的制剂。百分数以重量百分比表示。
制剂实施例1
二甲双胍:相对于凝胶重量的1%。
2.9%的羟丙纤维素(Aqualon公司的Klucel,99MF EP型)中性凝胶:余量加至100%。
制剂实施例2
二甲双胍:相对凝胶重量的1%。
4.5%的羧甲基纤维素钠(Aqualon)荷电凝胶(charged gel):余量加至100%。
制剂实施例3
二甲双胍:相对亲脂相重量的1%。
33%的Hydrocerin乳剂(Roc的脂肪赋形剂,其中含有矿脂、液体石蜡、甘油三酯、聚氧乙烯醚和地蜡)(H/L表示亲水相分散于亲脂相中):余量加至100%。
于73℃下,将溶有二甲双胍的水倾入亲脂相中,搅拌至冷却,制成该乳剂。
显而易见的是,本领域技术人员按照下文详述并参考下列附图可实现本发明的其它目的和优点。
附图1表示制剂实施例3的软膏对皮肤结瘢的效力,该软膏含有相对于亲脂相重量1%的二甲双胍。
附图2表示对制剂实施例3软膏对皮肤结瘢的“量效关系”研究,该软膏含有不同浓度的二甲双胍。
附图3表示第4天湿在肉芽组织中胶原蛋白束所占的相对表面积,以制剂实施例3的软膏中二甲双胍的百分比表示。
在体内测试了二甲双胍对重复产生溃疡的皮肤创伤的效力。在14周龄的Zucker fa/fa大鼠身上,用打洞器钻出深达肌肉层的直径8mm的环形损伤,以产生假性溃疡。每天用制剂实施例3的含有不同浓度二甲双胍的软膏对创伤进行系统的治疗,以使结瘢显著改善。将电视摄像机于配有影像分析软件的电脑结合测定创伤面积来评估结瘢速度。
用制剂实施例3制成的软膏治疗10天(D0-D10)后,该软膏含有相对亲脂相重量的1%的二甲双胍,肉眼可见治疗组的创伤面积相对于对照组明显减少(附图1)。D5和D10对结瘢进行的显微评估表明,用制剂实施例3的含有二甲双胍软膏治疗后,可提高创伤疤痕组织的质量(肉芽组织生长更好,进一步促进了表皮重新形成)。此外,相对亲脂相重量1%浓度的二甲双胍对新血管形成也表现出了作用。相对于对照组大鼠,这种作用在第5天时表现尤为明显,创伤边缘上的毛细血管密度变大。
对含有不同浓度二甲双胍的制剂实施例3软膏(相对于亲脂相的重量二甲双胍分别0.02%、0.1%、1%和2%)进行了剂量-响应比较研究,以确定所有受试浓度的结瘢作用。与未经治疗的对照创伤相比,用四种浓度的二甲双胍治疗的创伤闭合更快(附图2)。
对创伤的组织切片的显微分析结果如下表1所示。
表1.制剂实施例3的含不同重量浓度(相对亲脂相重量)二甲双胍的软膏对表皮形成的影响(取自对三分之一创伤的活组织检查)
对照品 | D4 | D6 | D8 | D10 |
1 | - | - | ± | + |
2 | - | - | + | + |
3 | - | - | + | + |
4 | - | ± | + | + |
5 | - | + | + | + |
6 | - | + | + | + |
相对均值 | 0% | 50% | 100% | 100% |
含0.02%二甲双胍的软膏 | D4 | D6 | D8 | D10 |
1 | ± | + | + | + |
2 | - | + | + | + |
3 | + | + | + | + |
4 | - | + | + | + |
相对均值 | 50% | 100% | 100% | 100% |
含0.1%二甲双胍的软膏 | D4 | D6 | D8 | D10 |
1 | - | + | + | + |
2 | - | ± | + | + |
3 | - | + | + | + |
4 | - | + | + | + |
相对均值 | 0% | 100% | 100% | 100% |
含1%二甲双胍的软膏 | D4 | D6 | D8 | D10 |
1 | - | + | + | + |
2 | - | ± | + | + |
3 | ± | ± | + | + |
4 | - | + | + | + |
相对均值 | 25% | 100% | 100% | 100% |
含2%二甲双胍的软膏 | D4 | D6 | D8 | D10 |
1 | - | + | + | + |
2 | - | - | + | |
3 | - | + | + | + |
4 | ± | ± | ± | + |
相对均值 | 25% | 75% | 75% | 100% |
+:未见表皮
-:出现表皮
± 活组织检查部分出现表皮
这些结果清晰地表明,与未经治疗的动物相比,用不同浓度二甲双胍治疗的动物的表皮形成速度明显提高。
此外,经二甲双胍治疗的创伤其肉芽组织成熟速度显著提高,这特别表现为胶原蛋白密度增加(附图3)。
Claims (6)
1.下列通式(I)的双胍衍生物或其可药用盐在制备具有瘢痕形成作用的医药产品中的用途,所述医药产品为局部用药物剂型:
其中:
R1和R2彼此独立地代表氢原子、C1-C7烷基、环烷基、杂环、C2-C7链烯基、芳基、芳烷基、芳氧基烷基或杂芳基,
或R1和R2在一起代表可包含一个或更多杂原子的C2-C7亚烷基,
并且R3基代表伯、仲或叔胺。
2.如权利要求1的制备具有瘢痕形成作用的医药产品的用途,所述施用于皮肤的局部用药物剂型有利地是软膏剂型,任选地负载或浸渍于敷料中而形成活性敷料。
3.如前述任一权利要求的制备对于糖尿病个体具有瘢痕形成作用的医药产品的用途。
4.如前述任一权利要求的用途,其特征在于基团R1和R2彼此独立地代表氢原子、C1-C7烷基、环烷基、杂环、C2-C7链烯基、芳氧基烷基或杂芳基。
5.如前述任一权利要求的用途,其特征在于所用的双胍衍生物是二甲双胍,有利地是其盐酸盐形式。
6.如前述任一权利要求的用途,其特征在于双胍衍生物或其可药用盐至与少一种其它活性成分联用。
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AU3982601A (en) * | 2000-02-23 | 2001-09-03 | Orentreich Foundation For The | Methods and compositions for the treatment of alopecia and other disorders of the pilosebaceous apparatus |
ES2218338T3 (es) * | 2000-04-13 | 2004-11-16 | Pfizer Products Inc. | Efecto sinergico de gliburida y milrinona. |
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2000
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Cited By (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN105152983A (zh) * | 2007-01-29 | 2015-12-16 | 韩诺生物制药株式会社 | N,n-二甲基亚氨基二碳亚氨酸二酰胺乙酸盐、其制备方法和包含其的药物组合物 |
CN102725264A (zh) * | 2010-01-06 | 2012-10-10 | 韩诺生物制药株式会社 | 双胍衍生物、其制备方法以及包含其作为活性成分的药物组合物 |
CN102725264B (zh) * | 2010-01-06 | 2014-12-17 | 韩诺生物制药株式会社 | 双胍衍生物、其制备方法以及包含其作为活性成分的药物组合物 |
CN104262205A (zh) * | 2014-09-02 | 2015-01-07 | 浙江工业大学 | N-芳基双胍氢碘酸盐类化合物及其制备方法和应用 |
CN106822075A (zh) * | 2017-03-31 | 2017-06-13 | 浙江萧山医院 | 二甲双胍在促进伤口愈合中的应用 |
CN110179776A (zh) * | 2019-05-31 | 2019-08-30 | 宁夏医科大学 | 二甲双胍的新用途与二甲双胍组合物及组合物的制备方法和应用 |
CN110179776B (zh) * | 2019-05-31 | 2022-09-06 | 宁夏医科大学 | 二甲双胍的新用途与二甲双胍组合物及组合物的制备方法和应用 |
CN112494469A (zh) * | 2020-07-30 | 2021-03-16 | 吴学雷 | 二甲双胍在制备预防和/或治疗瘢痕的药物中的应用 |
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