CN1602656A - Wild Paris chinensis Franch artificial domestication grow seedling and cultivation method - Google Patents
Wild Paris chinensis Franch artificial domestication grow seedling and cultivation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN1602656A CN1602656A CN 200410040935 CN200410040935A CN1602656A CN 1602656 A CN1602656 A CN 1602656A CN 200410040935 CN200410040935 CN 200410040935 CN 200410040935 A CN200410040935 A CN 200410040935A CN 1602656 A CN1602656 A CN 1602656A
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Abstract
This invention provides the wild HuaZhong manufacture cultivation and the way to grow it, include: 1) choose the seeds. 2) manufactory hypnosis to promote the germ growth complete. 3) disturb the hypnosis. 4) sprout 5) sow 6) cultivate the sprout. 7) growth and cultivate operation safe the impoverish HuaZhong medicinal herbs, plant HuaZhong under the forest, solve the problem of change field to forest and subsidy life, create wealth.
Description
Technical field:
The present invention with utilize wild magnificent Paris polyphylla plant domestication soon in imminent danger, to cultivate the agriculture industrialization new varieties relevant.
Background technology:
Paris polyphylla chonglou belongs to the encyclopaedia herbaceous stem individual plant perennial wild plant of tubers that grows wild, and divides two kinds: the one, and magnificent Paris polyphylla, the one, wide lobe Paris polyphylla.Various types ofly divide some subspecies again.Main wild is distributed in Sichuan, Yunnan, Guangxi.The magnificent Paris polyphylla of crying of Sichuan that wherein distributes, its total saponin content reaches 4.6%.Be distributed in the wide lobe Paris polyphylla in Yunnan, Guangxi, its total saponin content reaches 3.3%.Paris polyphylla is used as medicine with its rhizome, and its performance is: bitter, be slightly cold, slightly poisonous; Go into Liver Channel, clearing heat and detoxicating, swelling and pain relieving, dispelling wind and relieving convulsion.Pharmacology is: analgesia, calmness, hemostasis, antitumor, antiviral are the prescription key medicines of multiple Chinese patent drug.Because unordered excavating for many years, the Paris polyphylla wild resource faces exhaustion, because interests drive, originally the Paris polyphylla in vegetative period just can be excavated more than 5 years, and existing seedling is just excavated the mountain forest of height above sea level below 1300 meters, through having can not see Paris polyphylla, the high altitude localities, also difficulty is sought its trace.
Summary of the invention:
The objective of the invention is in order to save exhausted magnificent Paris polyphylla Chinese material medicine resource, a kind of wild Paris chinensis Franch domestication and cultivation method be provided, for numerous self-employed tree cultivators by underwood planting China Paris polyphylla, the livelihoods that solve the subsidy after date of conceding the land to forestry with get rich problem.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this:
Wild Paris chinensis Franch domestication of the present invention grows seedlings and cultivation method, comprises the steps:
1), gathers preferred wild Paris chinensis Franch, carry out seed treatment, remove meat, clean, dry;
2), it is perfect that manually short dormancy promotes plumule to grow: under 0 ℃ of condition with the seed cooling after 45～65 days, in 35 ℃, the GA solution of 50PPm, soaked 18～36 hours, dry, under 0 ℃ of condition, refrigerate 45～65 days then:
3), breaking dormancy: the seed after will refrigerating is put into 35 ℃, the GA solution of 50PPm and was soaked 36～54 hours;
4), embrace bud: embrace bud to seed breach rate with damp sand and reach 70% under 20～25 ℃ of conditions, embracing the bud time is 2～March;
5), sowing: will embrace seed behind the bud by 800～1100/m
2Density is broadcast on the seedbed, and topped thickness is 2～3cm fine earth, is at least 65% at shade rate, and temperature is 15～25 ℃, and humidity is to grow under 80～90% the condition;
6), grow seedlings: treat seed sprouting, when leaf scatters, carry out replanting and culturing, density plantation by 2 * 2～3 * 1 cun, shade rate is at least 60%, and temperature is controlled at 18～20 ℃, and humidity is 85～90%, carry the seed manure percent concentration and be 0.4～0.5% urea liquid pouring, grow seedlings for 3～April and be advisable;
7), plantation and growth management: the seedling in the nursery, back of emerging in 1 year goes out the garden, and with planting seedlings, split application is carried out in N: P: K=20～25: 15: 10～15 by weight, at whole production environment shade rate is 45～55%, and humidity is its growth that allows under 80～90% the environment.
Above-mentioned artificial short dormancy promote plumule to grow to improve in the step be under 0 ℃ of condition with seed refrigeration after 60 days, putting into 35 ℃, the GA solution of 50PPmm soaked 24 hours, dry back refrigeration 60 days under 0 ℃ of condition, in the breaking dormancy step, seed was soaked 48 hours in 35 ℃, the GA solution of 50PPmm.
In the above-mentioned method in the growth management step by weight N: P: K=20: 15: 15, guarantee inheritance stability, total saponin content is up to standard.
When carrying out seed treatment in the above-mentioned method, it is that 500 times of water liquid of 50% carbendazol wettable powder soaked 20 minutes at least that seed is put into percent concentration, and disinfection avoids Paris polyphylla to occur disease at decentralized environment to concentrating to cultivate.
In the above-mentioned method seedling is pressed 6 * 7 cun or 5 * 8 cun field planting of density.
Above-mentioned growth management step split application is that seedling was used 40% of total fertile amount in preceding 10～15 days, used 20% of total fertile amount after emerging 30 days, used 20% of total fertile amount after 60 days, returned 20% of the total fertile amount of postemergence application.
China Paris Liliaceae Paris herbaceos perennial, the high about 50cm of plant.The root-like stock sepia is laterally given birth to, and is plump, slightly can reach 3cm, rough surface tool joint, the fibrous fibrous root of life on the joint.Single upright, the garden cylindricality of plants stems, smooth no hair, stem often are with purple or cyan, leaf 4-12 sheet, normal seven, wheel is born in the stem top, and is strong as umbrella, minister Hua Yiduo on it, thus name " Paris polyphylla ", the long 1-3cm of petiole, blade papery or membranous, narrow avette or fall to dial aciculiform, long 7-9cm, wide 2-5cm, tip is sharp-pointed, the base portion wedge shape.The florescence 5-7 month, the fruit phase 8-10 month, premium look or yellow green, bennet is extracted out by the stem top, branchlet, give birth on independent top, berry shape fruit dorsal fissure, subsphaeroidal, redness or yellowish-brown.
China's Paris polyphylla is suitable to be born in the hillside sylvan life and the dark and damp place of shrubbery detritus soil of height above sea level 1000-1500 rice.The seedling of growing up is emerged March, returns seedling September, and teenage seedling is emerged March, return seedling July.Available seminal propagation, but seed has the physiological property of " secondary dormancy ", and promptly the plumule hypoplasia of seed in the Cheng Shu Paris polyphylla fruit, will could be unearthed into bacterium through two winters at the resting stage that plumule need be certain in the germination process under natural situation.The physiological property of Paris polyphylla seed " secondary dormancy " makes the year consumption of the year output of its self-sow well below medicine company, adds that numerous good rhizome early growth is slow, seriously restricts the output of Paris polyphylla.The present invention has adopted the method for breaking secondary dormancy in the seminal propagation of Paris polyphylla the magnificent process, in sowing then, emerged in 1 year, and overcome the drawback that under natural environment, need just emerge in 2 years, adopt artificial cultivation, scientific formula, plant shoot survival percent and can reach 100%, total saponin content (use high effective liquid chromatography for measuring, 8 kinds of main saponin total contents reach more than 4.6%) up to standard, per mu yield China Paris polyphylla reaches more than 200 kilograms, and outward appearance is good.
The applicant carries out the seminal propagation test September calendar year 2001, and late September is gathered provenance, handles seed.In March, 2002 sowing, emergence rate reaches more than 70%, becomes the worker substantially.
The applicant tests plantation March calendar year 2001 in the 1300 meters processing of flower arch village's height above sea level of Tong Ji town.One week of field planting, the back seedling was turned green, and survival rate reaches 100%.By the operational procedure management, guarantee inheritance stability by rational application of fertilizers therebetween, total saponin content is up to standard.Carry out every detection in August, 2002, reaches wild magnificent Paris polyphylla standard, and magnificent Paris polyphylla vegetative propagation artificial domesticating cultivation obtains initial success.The applicant in November, 2002 * * * vast stretch of wooded country pulls out 1000 meters, 1200 meters, 1300 meters and set up ten several mu of experiment and demonstrations research gardens.At present garden China Paris polyphylla two seasons of normal growth, reached intended purposes.
The inventive method can be cultivated magnificent Paris polyphylla agricultural cultivation kind, the magnificent Paris polyphylla Chinese material medicine resource that rescue is exhausted, can carry out artificial industrialization cultivation, for numerous self-employed tree cultivators by underwood planting China Paris polyphylla, the concede the land to forestry livelihoods of subsidy after date and the problem of getting rich have been solved, avoid occurring guaranteeing the achievement of conceding the land to forestry because of the livelihoods deforestation reclamation of wasteland kind of a grain.
Embodiment:
Domestication of present embodiment wild Paris chinensis Franch and artificial cultivation method step are as follows:
1, wild magnificent Paris polyphylla is preferably identified, gather seedling and carry out artificial treatment; 1., according to the phytomorph feature of magnificent Paris polyphylla, estimate evaluation; 2., micro-evaluation is carried out in the rhizome cross section of Paris polyphylla to China: see its starch granules density; 3., the rhizoma paris rhizome meal aqueous solution to China carries out the physical and chemical index CHARACTERISTICS IDENTIFICATION: total saponin amount reaches 4.6%.Optimize the seedling that carries out domesticating and cultivating according to evaluation, the cultivation back obtains seed, gathers seed, removes meat, cleans, dries.Consider the disease that magnificent Paris polyphylla may occur to concentrated cultivation at decentralized environment, seed soaked 20 minutes with 500 times of water liquid of 50% carbendazim wettable powder, and it is stand-by to carry out disinfection;
2, manually short dormancy promotes that plumule is perfect: seed is refrigerated 60 days under 0 ℃ of condition, soaked 24 hours in the GA solution of 35 ℃ of 50PFm, dry, refrigeration is 60 days under 0 ℃ of condition;
3, breaking dormancy: in the GA solution of 35 ℃ of 50PPm, soaked 48 hours;
4, the February is embraced bud: embrace bud to breach rate with damp sand and reach 70% under 25 ℃ of conditions;
5, sowing: will embrace seed behind the bud by 1000/m
2Density broadcast on the seedbed, topped thickness is the 3cm fine earth, shade rate reaches 65%, temperature is 20 ℃, humidity is to grow under 90% condition;
6, the March grows seedlings: treat seed sprouting, when leaf scatters, carry out replanting and culturing, seedling is by the density plantation of 2 * 2 cun or 3 * 1 cun, and shade rate is 60%, and temperature is 20 ℃, and humidity is 90%, carries the seed manure percent concentration and is 0.5% urea liquid and water;
7, plantation and growth management: seedling goes out the garden field planting in 1 year nursery, back of emerging: dig ground weeding, fertilising, and to soil disinfection, 2 meters wide railway carriage or compartments, the railway carriage or compartment is wide 1.6 meters, 0.4 meter of railway carriage or compartment furrow width, dark 0.3 meter.Open traverse furrow on the face of railway carriage or compartment, ditch is planted a seedling for 6 cun in the ditch apart from 7 cun, and earth backing 2～3cm waters normal root water, builds sunshade (also can with planting seedlings on sylvan life soil), and shade rate reaches 50～60%, one week of field planting the back seedling turn green survival rate 100%.Manage in operation sequence therebetween, use N: P: K=20: inheritance stability is guaranteed in 15: 15 rational application of fertilizers, and total saponin content is up to standard.Total fertile amount is set according to output and is applied fertilizer; Seedling was used 40% of total fertile amount in preceding 14 days, used 20% of total fertile amount after emerging 20%, 60 day that used total fertile amount in back 30 days, return 20% of the total fertile amount of postemergence application, shade rate is 50% in the whole growth environment, and humidity is 90% to carry out every detection, reaches the magnificent Paris polyphylla standard of producing.
The foregoing description is that foregoing of the present invention is further described, but this should be interpreted as that the scope of the above-mentioned theme of the present invention only limits to the foregoing description.All technology that realizes based on foregoing all belong to protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1, the wild Paris chinensis Franch domestication grows seedlings and cultivation method, it is characterized in that comprising the steps:
1), gathers preferred wild Paris chinensis Franch, carry out seed treatment, remove meat, clean, dry;
2), it is perfect that manually short dormancy promotes plumule to grow: under 0 ℃ of condition with the seed cooling after 45～65 days, in 35 ℃, the GA solution of 50PPm, soaked 18～36 hours, dry, under 0 ℃ of condition, refrigerate 45～65 days then;
3), breaking dormancy: the seed after will refrigerating is put into 35 ℃, the GA solution of 50PPm and was soaked 36～54 hours;
4), embrace bud: under 20～25 ℃ of conditions, embrace bud to seed breach rate and reach 70% with damp sand;
5), sowing: will embrace seed behind the bud by 800～1100/m
2Density is broadcast on the seedbed, and topped thickness is 2～3cm fine earth, is at least 65% at shade rate, and temperature is 15～25 ℃, and humidity is to grow under 80～90% the condition;
6), grow seedlings: treat seed sprouting, when leaf scatters, carry out replanting and culturing, by 2 * 2～3 * 1 cun density plantation, shade rate is at least 60%, and temperature is controlled at 18～20 ℃, humidity is 85～90%, carries the seed manure percent concentration and be 0.4～0.5% urea liquid pouring;
7), plantation and growth management: seedling goes out the garden field planting in 1 year nursery, back of emerging, carrying out split application by weight N: P: K=20～25: 15: 10～15, is 45～55% at whole production environment shade rate, and humidity is its growth that allows under 80～90% the environment.
2, wild Paris chinensis Franch domestication as claimed in claim 1 grows seedlings and cultivation method, it is characterized in that manually short dormancy promote plumule to grow to improve in the step be under 0 ℃ of condition with seed refrigeration after 60 days, putting into 35 ℃, the GA solution of 50PPmm soaked 24 hours, dry back refrigeration 60 days under 0 ℃ of condition, in the breaking dormancy step, seed was soaked 48 hours in 35 ℃, the GA solution of 50PPmm.
3, wild Paris chinensis Franch as claimed in claim 1 or 2 domestication and cultivation method is characterized in that in the growth management step by weight N: P: K=20: split application in 15: 15.
4, wild Paris chinensis Franch domestication as claimed in claim 1 or 2 and cultivation method, when it is characterized in that carrying out seed treatment, it is that 500 times of water liquid of 50% carbendazol wettable powder soaked disinfection at least 20 minutes that seed is put into percent concentration.
5, wild Paris chinensis Franch domestication as claimed in claim 1 or 2 and cultivation method is characterized in that seedling by 6 * 7 cun of density or 5 * 8 little progress row field planting.
6, wild Paris chinensis Franch domestication as claimed in claim 1 or 2 and cultivation method, it is characterized in that the split application of growth management step is, seedling was used 40% of total fertile amount in preceding 10～15 days, used 20% of total fertile amount after emerging 30 days, after 60 days, use 20% of total fertile amount, return 20% of the total fertile amount of postemergence application.
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| CN101889518A (en) * | 2010-07-20 | 2010-11-24 | 安徽沪谯中药科技有限公司 | Planting method of Chinese trichosanthes |
| CN101796899B (en) * | 2009-05-14 | 2011-10-19 | 北京师范大学 | Method for sprouting seeds of polyphylla Smith var.ynynanensis (Franch.) Hand-Mazz |
| CN102301876A (en) * | 2011-07-06 | 2012-01-04 | 四川农业大学 | Artificial cultivation method for Paris polyphylla |
| CN101331836B (en) * | 2007-07-01 | 2012-05-02 | 怀化医学高等专科学校 | Method for reducing seedling growth season of paris |
| CN102487627A (en) * | 2011-12-09 | 2012-06-13 | 四川农业大学 | Method for effectively breaking dormancy of Paris polyphylla seeds |
| CN102626031A (en) * | 2012-04-27 | 2012-08-08 | 江西省鑫隆农业发展有限公司 | Wild-simulation planting technique for multi-bud rhizoma paridis |
| CN103430838A (en) * | 2013-07-19 | 2013-12-11 | 四川同道堂药业集团股份有限公司 | New technology of inducing clustered shoots from parispolyphylla rhizome for rapid vegetative propagation |
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| CN104186062A (en) * | 2014-08-12 | 2014-12-10 | 云南省农业科学院药用植物研究所 | Method for germinating paris polyphylla seeds |
| CN104380942A (en) * | 2014-09-27 | 2015-03-04 | 王伟 | Processing method allowing seeds of Paris polyphylla var. yunnanensis to grow roots in four months and to grow leaves in eight months |
| CN104541834A (en) * | 2013-10-15 | 2015-04-29 | 云南白药集团中药材优质种源繁育有限责任公司 | Two-stage cultivation method for Paris polyphylla var. yunnanensis(Franch.)hand.-mazz. |
| CN104718842A (en) * | 2015-03-17 | 2015-06-24 | 铜仁职业技术学院 | Paris polyphylla husking seedling-emerging method |
| CN104885744A (en) * | 2015-05-19 | 2015-09-09 | 云南沧云药材开发有限责任公司 | Paris polyphylla variety purification method |
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| CN105103855A (en) * | 2015-08-13 | 2015-12-02 | 临沧双滢生物科技有限公司 | Method of promoting paris polyphylla mother seeds to germinate in advance |
| CN105265117A (en) * | 2014-05-29 | 2016-01-27 | 云南禾顺生物科技有限公司 | Special nursery for artificially planting paris polyphylla |
| CN106171409A (en) * | 2016-07-06 | 2016-12-07 | 李贵东 | A kind of Rhizoma Paridis virus-free fast-growing method for culturing seedlings |
| CN106613655A (en) * | 2016-12-12 | 2017-05-10 | 临沧亚微种业有限公司 | Artificial domesticating planting method of wild helicia nilagirica bedd |
| CN106900316A (en) * | 2017-02-06 | 2017-06-30 | 云南农业大学 | A kind of method of wild bigflower centranthera root seed natural propagation |
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| CN101331836B (en) * | 2007-07-01 | 2012-05-02 | 怀化医学高等专科学校 | Method for reducing seedling growth season of paris |
| CN101796899B (en) * | 2009-05-14 | 2011-10-19 | 北京师范大学 | Method for sprouting seeds of polyphylla Smith var.ynynanensis (Franch.) Hand-Mazz |
| CN101889518B (en) * | 2010-07-20 | 2012-04-25 | 安徽沪谯中药科技有限公司 | Planting method of Chinese trichosanthes |
| CN101889518A (en) * | 2010-07-20 | 2010-11-24 | 安徽沪谯中药科技有限公司 | Planting method of Chinese trichosanthes |
| CN102301876A (en) * | 2011-07-06 | 2012-01-04 | 四川农业大学 | Artificial cultivation method for Paris polyphylla |
| CN102301876B (en) * | 2011-07-06 | 2012-10-31 | 四川农业大学 | Artificial cultivation method for Paris polyphylla |
| CN102487627B (en) * | 2011-12-09 | 2013-11-13 | 四川农业大学 | Method for effectively breaking dormancy of Paris polyphylla seeds |
| CN102487627A (en) * | 2011-12-09 | 2012-06-13 | 四川农业大学 | Method for effectively breaking dormancy of Paris polyphylla seeds |
| CN102626031A (en) * | 2012-04-27 | 2012-08-08 | 江西省鑫隆农业发展有限公司 | Wild-simulation planting technique for multi-bud rhizoma paridis |
| CN102626031B (en) * | 2012-04-27 | 2015-03-18 | 江西省鑫隆农业发展有限公司 | Wild-simulation planting technique for multi-bud rhizoma paridis |
| CN103430838A (en) * | 2013-07-19 | 2013-12-11 | 四川同道堂药业集团股份有限公司 | New technology of inducing clustered shoots from parispolyphylla rhizome for rapid vegetative propagation |
| CN104541834A (en) * | 2013-10-15 | 2015-04-29 | 云南白药集团中药材优质种源繁育有限责任公司 | Two-stage cultivation method for Paris polyphylla var. yunnanensis(Franch.)hand.-mazz. |
| CN103621557A (en) * | 2013-12-20 | 2014-03-12 | 贵州大学 | Special treatment agent for polyphylla seed germination |
| CN105265117A (en) * | 2014-05-29 | 2016-01-27 | 云南禾顺生物科技有限公司 | Special nursery for artificially planting paris polyphylla |
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| CN104380942A (en) * | 2014-09-27 | 2015-03-04 | 王伟 | Processing method allowing seeds of Paris polyphylla var. yunnanensis to grow roots in four months and to grow leaves in eight months |
| CN104718842A (en) * | 2015-03-17 | 2015-06-24 | 铜仁职业技术学院 | Paris polyphylla husking seedling-emerging method |
| CN104885744A (en) * | 2015-05-19 | 2015-09-09 | 云南沧云药材开发有限责任公司 | Paris polyphylla variety purification method |
| CN105103855A (en) * | 2015-08-13 | 2015-12-02 | 临沧双滢生物科技有限公司 | Method of promoting paris polyphylla mother seeds to germinate in advance |
| CN105103855B (en) * | 2015-08-13 | 2017-08-08 | 临沧福大吉农林开发有限公司 | A kind of method of promotion Yunnan Paris polyphylla original seed germination ahead of time |
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| CN105103918A (en) * | 2015-09-16 | 2015-12-02 | 枞阳县白云生态园林有限责任公司 | Method for planting rhizoma atractylodis lanceae |
| CN106171409A (en) * | 2016-07-06 | 2016-12-07 | 李贵东 | A kind of Rhizoma Paridis virus-free fast-growing method for culturing seedlings |
| CN106613655A (en) * | 2016-12-12 | 2017-05-10 | 临沧亚微种业有限公司 | Artificial domesticating planting method of wild helicia nilagirica bedd |
| CN106900316A (en) * | 2017-02-06 | 2017-06-30 | 云南农业大学 | A kind of method of wild bigflower centranthera root seed natural propagation |
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