CN113615342A - Method for domesticating wild carrot seeds in Shandan - Google Patents
Method for domesticating wild carrot seeds in Shandan Download PDFInfo
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- CN113615342A CN113615342A CN202110939340.0A CN202110939340A CN113615342A CN 113615342 A CN113615342 A CN 113615342A CN 202110939340 A CN202110939340 A CN 202110939340A CN 113615342 A CN113615342 A CN 113615342A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/22—Improving land use; Improving water use or availability; Controlling erosion
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for domesticating seeds of Shandan wild carrots, which are also called Shandan yellow ginseng, and comprise the following steps: s1, embryo development: sequentially cooling, soaking in warm water for the first time and standing the seeds of the wild carrot; s2, breaking the dormancy: carrying out warm water soaking on the wild carrot seeds subjected to the placing in the step S1 for the second time; s3, bud embracing: and (4) carrying out wet sand germination acceleration on the wild carrot seeds treated in the step (S2) to obtain the wild carrot seeds subjected to bud embracing. The method for domesticating the wild carrot seeds in the Shandan comprises the steps of embryo development, dormancy breaking, sprout embracing and the like, the conditions of each step are limited, so that the embryos of the wild carrot seeds in the Shandan can be better subjected to dormancy development, a high germination rate can be obtained, the germination accelerating process cannot mildew, and the yield of the wild carrot in the Shandan is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of plant planting, in particular to a method for domesticating wild carrot seeds in lindera communis.
Background
The wild carrot of Shandan, also called Shandan Huangshen, is a perennial herb of Labiatae, Umbelliferae, and Michelia. Growing in the Qilian mountain area with elevation over 2900 m. The cut rhizome can be used as dish and stew; the fermented wild carrot (wild carrot) is rich in dietary fiber, 3 vitamins, 17 amino acids, various nutrient elements (calcium, magnesium, iron, copper, potassium, sodium and phosphorus) required by human bodies, saponin of yellow ginseng, protein and the like, has long eating history for thousands of years, is mainly wild, and is damaged by pesticides and chemical fertilizers due to high-speed development of modern agriculture, and the number of the wild carrot (wild carrot) is continuously reduced. In order to protect wild plant resources, many artificial domestication methods are adopted, among which wild seed domestication technology of wild carrot (wild carrot). However, in the existing domestication method, the wild carrot (mountain red sage root) is generally selected by a fan to extract light seeds, but the seed selection method still leaves partial seeds which are difficult to germinate, the survival rate of the seeds is low, and the existing seed yield is low. The yellow ginseng seeds have dormancy characteristics, the germination is extremely difficult, even if the seeds are mature, the embryo development is still incomplete, the seeds can germinate and grow only by pregermination, however, the germination rate of the existing pregermination method is low, and the seeds are mildewed seriously in the pregermination process.
In summary, how to develop a new method for domesticating the wild carrot seeds in the litsea cubeba to improve the germination rate and the yield of the seeds is a technical problem to be solved urgently at present.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the invention provides a method for domesticating the wild carrot seeds in the litsea cubeba, which aims to solve the problems of low germination rate and serious seed mildew in the germination accelerating process of the existing germination accelerating method.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a method for domesticating wild carrot seeds in lindera aggregata, which comprises the following steps: s1, embryo development: sequentially cooling, soaking in warm water for the first time and standing the seeds of the wild carrot; s2, breaking the dormancy: carrying out warm water soaking on the wild carrot seeds subjected to the placing in the step S1 for the second time; s3, bud embracing: and (4) carrying out wet sand germination acceleration on the wild carrot seeds treated in the step (S2) to obtain the wild carrot seeds subjected to bud embracing.
Further, the method for domesticating the wild carrot seeds in the litsea cubeba further comprises the step S4 of sowing after the step S3: and (4) sowing the tonnaga hainanensis seeds obtained in the step (S3) on a seedbed in sequence, covering fine soil and growing under a shading condition.
Further, in step S1: the cooling is carried out for 15-20 days at 0 ℃, the first warm water is soaked in the 35 ℃ warm water for 24 hours, and the mixture is placed at 0 ℃ for 5 days.
Further, in step S2: the second warm water soaking is carried out for 24 hours in the warm water with the temperature of 35 ℃.
Further, the wet sand germination accelerating in the step S3 is performed at 30 ℃.
Further, in step S3, the wet sand germination is performed until the cracking rate of the shandan wild carrot seeds reaches more than 80%.
Further, in step S4: and (4) sowing the wild carrot seeds obtained in the step (S3) in the density of 500 seeds per square meter when the seeds are sown on a seedbed.
Further, in step S4: the thickness of the fine soil covered when the fine soil is covered is 2-3 cm.
Further, in step S4: the shading condition has a shading degree of at least 70%, a temperature of 20-25 ℃ and a humidity of 90-95%.
Further, the method for domesticating the wild carrot seeds in the litsea cubeba also comprises a seed selection step and a pretreatment step before the step S1.
The invention has the following advantages:
the method for domesticating the wild carrot seeds in the invention comprises the steps of embryo development, dormancy breaking, bud embracing and the like, and the conditions of each step are limited, so that the embryo of the wild carrot seeds in the wild carrot seeds can be better subjected to dormancy development, a high germination rate can be obtained, the germination accelerating process cannot be mildewed, and the yield of the wild carrot seeds in the wild carrot seeds.
Detailed Description
The present invention is described in terms of particular embodiments, other advantages and features of the invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the following disclosure, and it is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely exemplary of the invention and that it is not intended to limit the invention to the particular embodiments disclosed. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a method for domesticating arnica montana seeds, which comprises the following steps:
s1, embryo development: sequentially cooling seeds of wild carrot (wild carrot), soaking in warm water for the first time and standing;
s2, breaking the dormancy: performing a second warm water soaking on the placed Shandan wild carrot (Shandan yellow ginseng) seeds in the step S1;
s3, bud embracing: and (4) carrying out wet sand germination acceleration on the wild carrot (Shandan yellow ginseng) seeds treated in the step (S2) to obtain the wild carrot (Shandan yellow ginseng) seeds subjected to germination acceleration.
In the method for domesticating the seeds of the wild carrot (Shandan yellow ginseng) in this embodiment, the germ development of the step S1 is to artificially promote the seeds of the wild carrot (Shandan yellow ginseng) to enter a dormant state, the seeds of the wild carrot (Shandan yellow ginseng) are kept in the dormant state for a sufficient time to complete the germ development of the seeds, and the complete germ development is the basis for the seeds of the wild carrot (Shandan yellow ginseng) to better germinate. In step S2, the seeds of the dormant Shandan wild carrot (Shandan yellow ginseng) are successfully awakened by performing the second warm water soaking. The seed split rate of the tonka-dan wild carrot (tonka-dan yellow ginseng) seeds after sprouting obtained by the wet sand sprouting of the step S3 can reach more than 80%.
By the method for domesticating the seeds of the wild carrot (the wild carrot), the embryo of the wild carrot (the wild carrot is well developed, the germination rate is high, and the seeds are not germinated and mildewed in the germination accelerating process.
Example 2
The method for domesticating the arnica montana and wild carrot seeds as described in example 1, further comprising the step S4 of sowing after the step S3:
and (4) sowing the tonnaga (wild carrot) seeds obtained in the step (S3) on a seedbed in sequence, covering fine soil and growing under a shading condition.
Sowing the tonnaga (wild carrot) seeds after sprouting on a seedbed according to the sowing method of the step S4 in the embodiment, and then covering fine soil to make the wild carrot (wild carrot) seeds grow under the shading condition; the rhizome grows out on the ground in the first year, the branch and the leaf grow out on the ground in the second year, and the seeds of the Shandan wild carrot (Shandan yellow ginseng) can be collected after the seeds are blossomed and seeded.
After the seeding method of the embodiment is used for seeding the tonka-leaved wild carrot (tonka-leaved yellowhorn) seeds obtained in the step S3, a high germination rate can be obtained, and the tonka-leaved wild carrot (tonka-leaved yellowhorn) seeds can well germinate and grow.
Example 3
The method for domesticating the wild carrot seeds in the Shandan as described in example 1, in step S1:
the cooling is carried out for 15-20 days at 0 ℃, the first warm water is soaked in the 35 ℃ warm water for 24 hours, and the mixture is placed at 0 ℃ for 5 days.
The present embodiment defines the temperature and time of cooling, the temperature and time of the first warm water soaking, and the temperature and time of leaving in step S1. The seeds of the tongshanensis makino (tongshanensis makino) to be domesticated can better enter a dormant state by cooling, soaking in warm water for the first time and placing at the temperature and time limited by the embodiment, the embryo of the seeds is more complete in development, and higher germination rate can be obtained.
Example 4
The method for domesticating the wild carrot seeds in the Shandan as described in example 1, in step S2:
the second warm water soaking is carried out for 24 hours in the warm water with the temperature of 35 ℃.
The wet sand pregermination in step S3 is carried out at 30 ℃.
The present embodiment defines the temperature and time of the second warm water soaking of step S2 and the temperature at which the germination acceleration of the green sand of step S3 is performed. The step S2 soaking in warm water at 35 ℃ for 24 hours can wake up the seeds in the dormant state in the step S1 stably without damaging the seeds. In the step S3, the wet sand germination is carried out at 30 ℃, so that the mildew in the germination accelerating process can be avoided, and the seeds are embraced to sprout at a higher rate.
Example 5
The method for domesticating the arnica montana and wild carrot seeds as described in example 5, wherein in step S3, the wet sand germination is performed until the split rate of the arnica montana and wild carrot seeds reaches more than 80%.
The dormant embryo development of the step S1 performed under the conditions defined in the above embodiment can well develop the embryo of the seed of the Shandan wild carrot (Shandan yellow ginseng); then the dormancy is broken through the warm water soaking mode in the step S2, the seed split rate of the tonka-dan wild carrot (tonka-dan yellow ginseng) can reach more than 80% through the bud embracing process under the condition limited in the step S3, and high germination rate can be obtained after sowing.
Example 6
The method for domesticating the wild carrot seeds in the Shandan as described in example 2, in step S4:
sowing the tonnaga (wild carrot) seeds obtained in the step S3 and subjected to sprout embracing on a seedbed according to the density of 500 seeds per square meter of 300 seeds.
The seed of the tonka-dan wild carrot (tonka-dan yellow ginseng) after sprouting obtained through the steps S1-S3 defined in the above embodiment can be sowed according to the density of 500 seeds per square meter of 300-.
Example 7
The method for domesticating the wild carrot seeds in the Shandan according to the embodiment 7, in the step S4:
the thickness of the fine soil covered when the fine soil is covered is 2-3 cm.
When the step S4 is carried out for seeding, the covering fine soil with the thickness of 2-3 cm can cover the seeds well, and the seeds can germinate and grow well.
Example 8
The method for domesticating the wild carrot seeds in the Shandan according to the embodiment 7, in the step S4:
the shading condition has a shading degree of at least 70%, a temperature of 20-25 ℃ and a humidity of 90-95%.
In step S4, the seed of the tonka-bushy wild carrot (tonka-bushy wild carrot) is sown and covered with fine soil, and then the tonka-bushy wild carrot (tonka-bushy wild carrot) is grown under the shading condition defined in the embodiment, so that the tonka-bushy wild carrot (tonka-bushy wild carrot) seed can well germinate and grow.
Example 9
The method for domesticating the arnica montana and wild carrot seeds as described in example 1, further comprising a seed selection step and a pretreatment step before step S1.
The seed selection step comprises collecting wild seeds of wild carrot (wild carrot); the pre-treatment step comprises the steps of removing the meat quality of the selected wild carrot (wild carrot), cleaning and airing. After the seed selection step and the pretreatment step, the other steps of the embodiment can better domesticate the seeds of the Shandan wild carrot (Shandan yellow ginseng) and can obtain better germination rate.
Example 10
(1) Collecting and preferably selecting wild seeds of the wild carrot (wild carrot), and carrying out seed treatment: removing meat, cleaning, and air drying;
(2) artificial dormancy promoting and embryo development improvement: cooling the seeds at 0 deg.C for 18 days, soaking in 35 deg.C warm water for 24 hr, and air drying; standing at 0 deg.C for 5 days;
(3) breaking the dormancy: soaking the placed seeds in warm water at 35 ℃ for 24 hours;
(4) carrying out bud embracing: carrying out wet sand bud holding until the split rate of the seeds reaches 80% under the condition of 30 ℃;
(5) sowing: the seeds after the embracing germination are sown on a seedbed according to the density of 300 plus 500 grains per square meter, and the seeds are covered with fine soil with the thickness of 2.5 cm and grow under the conditions that the shading degree is 75%, the temperature is 23 ℃ and the humidity is 92%.
In the embodiment, the survival rate of the wild carrot (Shandan Huangshen) seeds is improved, the wild carrot (Shandan Huangshen) is successfully domesticated into artificial planting, the average yield per mu of the wild carrot (Shandan Huangshen) is 500 kg at present, the high-yield land is more than 800 kg, and the annual yield in the county is about 1300 tons.
Example 11
The method for domesticating the arnica montana and wild carrot seeds as described in example 9, further comprising the following steps after step S4:
s5, seedling culture: transplanting and raising seedlings when seedlings emerge and leaves are scattered from the seeds of the Shandan wild carrot (Shandan yellow ginseng) sowed in the step S4; transplanting and planting are carried out according to the density of 2.5 multiplied by 2.5 inches during transplanting and seedling raising, and the transplanted seedlings of the tonka-dan wild carrot (tonka-dan yellow ginseng) grow under the conditions that the shading degree is at least 70%, the temperature is controlled to be 20-25 ℃ and the humidity is 90-95%.
S6, planting and growth management: transplanting the rhizome part of the planted Shandan wild carrot (Shandan yellow ginseng) seedlings under the first year growing soil in the step S5; and (3) seedling emergence in the spring of the second year, then seedling is out of the nursery and field-planted, and the seedling is allowed to grow under the environment with the shading degree of 60-70% and the humidity of 90-95%.
Example 12
(1) Collecting and preferably selecting wild seeds of the wild carrot (wild carrot), and carrying out seed treatment: removing meat, cleaning, and air drying;
(2) artificial dormancy promoting and embryo development improvement: cooling the seeds at 0 deg.C for 18 days, soaking in 35 deg.C warm water for 24 hr, and air drying; standing at 0 deg.C for 5 days;
(3) breaking the dormancy: soaking the placed seeds in warm water at 35 ℃ for 24 hours;
(4) carrying out bud embracing: carrying out wet sand bud holding until the split rate of the seeds reaches 80% under the condition of 30 ℃;
(5) sowing: sowing the seeds after the seed embracing germination on a seedbed according to the density of 500 seeds per square meter of 300-;
(6) seedling culture: transplanting and raising seedlings when seedlings emerge and leaves are scattered from the sowed Shandan wild carrot (Shandan yellow ginseng); transplanting and planting at density of 2.5 × 2.5 inch during transplanting and seedling raising, wherein the transplanted seedlings of radix Dauci Sativae et radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae grow under shade of 75%, temperature of 23 deg.C and humidity of 92%;
(7) planting and growth management: transplanting the rhizome part of the planted Shandan wild carrot (Shandan yellow ginseng) seedlings under the first year growing soil in the step S5; and (4) seedling emergence in the spring of the second year, then seedling emergence is carried out outplanting and field planting in the nursery, and the seedling is allowed to grow under the environment with the shading degree of 650% and the humidity of 92%.
In the embodiment, the survival rate of the wild carrot (Shandan Huangshen) seeds is improved, the wild carrot (Shandan Huangshen) is successfully domesticated into artificial planting, the average yield per mu of the wild carrot (Shandan Huangshen) is 500 kg at present, the high-yield land is more than 800 kg, and the annual yield in the county is about 1300 tons.
Although the invention has been described in detail above with reference to a general description and specific examples, it will be apparent to one skilled in the art that modifications or improvements may be made thereto based on the invention. Accordingly, such modifications and improvements are intended to be within the scope of the invention as claimed.
Claims (10)
1. A method for domesticating wild carrot seeds in Shandan is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, embryo development: sequentially cooling, soaking in warm water for the first time and standing the seeds of the wild carrot;
s2, breaking the dormancy: carrying out warm water soaking on the wild carrot seeds subjected to the placing in the step S1 for the second time;
s3, bud embracing: and (4) carrying out wet sand germination acceleration on the wild carrot seeds treated in the step (S2) to obtain the wild carrot seeds subjected to bud embracing.
2. The method for domesticating arnica montana seeds as claimed in claim 1, further comprising the step of seeding S4 after step S3:
and (4) sowing the tonnaga hainanensis seeds obtained in the step (S3) on a seedbed in sequence, covering fine soil and growing under a shading condition.
3. The method for domesticating arnica montana seeds as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step S1:
the cooling is carried out for 15-20 days at 0 ℃, the first warm water is soaked in the 35 ℃ warm water for 24 hours, and the mixture is placed at 0 ℃ for 5 days.
4. The method for domesticating arnica montana seeds as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step S2:
the second warm water soaking is carried out for 24 hours in the warm water with the temperature of 35 ℃.
5. The method for domesticating arnica carrot seeds of claim 1, wherein the wet sand germination acceleration in step S3 is performed at 30 ℃.
6. The method for domesticating arnica montana seeds as claimed in claim 5, wherein in step S3, the wet-sand germination is carried out until the breach rate of arnica montana seeds reaches more than 80%.
7. The method for domesticating arnica montana seeds as claimed in claim 2, wherein in step S4:
and (4) sowing the wild carrot seeds obtained in the step (S3) in the density of 500 seeds per square meter when the seeds are sown on a seedbed.
8. The method for domesticating arnica montana seeds as claimed in claim 7, wherein in step S4:
the thickness of the fine soil covered when the fine soil is covered is 2-3 cm.
9. The method for domesticating arnica montana seeds as claimed in claim 7, wherein in step S4:
the shading condition has a shading degree of at least 70%, a temperature of 20-25 ℃ and a humidity of 90-95%.
10. The method for domesticating arnica montana seeds as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method for domesticating arnica montana seeds further comprises a seed selection step and a pretreatment step before step S1.
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2021
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| WO2001003493A1 (en) * | 1999-07-09 | 2001-01-18 | Ball Horticultural Company | Developed seed and methods for making the same |
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