CN102812839B - Cultivating method of notopterygium root - Google Patents
Cultivating method of notopterygium root Download PDFInfo
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- CN102812839B CN102812839B CN 201210321181 CN201210321181A CN102812839B CN 102812839 B CN102812839 B CN 102812839B CN 201210321181 CN201210321181 CN 201210321181 CN 201210321181 A CN201210321181 A CN 201210321181A CN 102812839 B CN102812839 B CN 102812839B
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Abstract
The invention provides a cultivating method of notopterygium root, comprising the steps of seed harvesting, seed after-ripening, seeding, sunshelter building and field management. According to the invention, compared with the prior art, the cultivating method has the advantages that the germination rate of notopterygium root seeds is greatly increased (up to 70%) and the germinating time is more orderly on the basis of germination characteristics of the notopterygium root seeds through techniques of harvesting seeds at the right time, after-ripening, seeding and the like; meanwhile, by means of the cultivating method provided by the invention, the after-ripening time can be greatly shortened from half a year to about 50-60 days so as to achieve the purpose of fall seeding of seeds harvested at the same year and more benefit to the large-scale cultivation of the notopterygium root.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the cultivation method of a kind of notopterygium root.
Background technology
Notopterygium root is dry rhizome and the root of samphire notopterygium root Notepterygium incisum Ting ex H.T.Chang or notopterygium forbesii Notepterygium franchetii H.de Boiss..Have loose the trembling with fear of inducing sweat, dispel rheumatism, the effects such as pain relieving are used for anemofrigid cold, headache Xiang Qiang, and arthralgia due to wind-dampness, back of the body shoulder is ached.Be the traditional Chinese medicine of commonly using simply, have long medicinal history, be the good medicine of dispelling rheumatism.Notopterygium root not only is widely used in Chinese medicine preparation, but also is the primary raw material of many Chinese patent drugs, according to statistics, uses at present the Chinese patent drug of notopterygium root to have more than 200 to plant, and demand is very large.The commodity notopterygium root mainly relies on wild resource at present, and because the amount of excavating is large, nearly mountain resource reduces year by year, and some places almost disappear; Existing resource is the high and cold mountain areas that are distributed in 3000 meters left and right of height above sea level again more, excavate difficulty, and purchase volume descends year by year, causes notopterygium root price rising all the way in recent years, and price rises at present 70 yuan of left and right by more than the 10 yuan of left and right of 2005.Therefore, actively develop notopterygium root man and plant research, to the protection wild resource, guarantee market supply, all significant.
Importance due to the notopterygium root source, at present existing people is studied the notopterygium root cultivation method, as Chen Yonggang etc., system research has been carried out in the growing seedlings of notopterygium root, sowing, field management etc., and explicitly pointed out, adopt the hypothermia grait method of hiding that the notopterygium root seed is processed before sowing: seed is used emerge in worm water 48 hours, pull out and dry part moisture, make water content keep 70%, then by 1:6, seed and damp sand are stirred, install tying with woven bag again, in shady and cool moist, without buried 180 days of ponding place.The method can make percentage of seedgermination firm up to 50%(Chen Yong, etc., notopterygium root standardized cultivation technology, agriculture of gansu, 1 phase in 2011).Yet consuming time long nearly half a year in the method processing time, the seed of gathering then can only carry out autumn sowing or sow in spring in the 3rd year at Second Year, is unfavorable for the commerial growing of notopterygium root.
If can provide a kind of germination rate higher, still less consuming time and repeated good notopterygium root cultivation method, will protect for wild resource, market supply etc. brought material impact.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide and a kind ofly can carry out then autumn sowing, germination rate is higher, individual difference is little notopterygium root cultivation method at the seed of gathering.
The invention provides the cultivation method of notopterygium root, it comprises that seed collection, seed afterripening process, sow, build cool canopy and field management, and wherein, the concrete operation step that described seed afterripening is processed is as follows:
(1) the notopterygium root seed after threshing is used 30-38 ℃ of clear water immersion after 6-12 hour, at 20-80kHz, 200-350W, ultrasonic processing 8-14min under the condition of 20-35 ℃;
(2) the notopterygium root seed after ultrasonic processing is mixed ash, the weight ratio of seed and ash is 1:0.3-0.7, then adopts sand to hide method, and seed storage was processed 50～70 days, gets final product; Wherein, the Thickness Ratio of sand and seed is 7-3:1, and duration of storage keeps soil moisture content 70～80%.
Further, the concrete operation step of described seed afterripening processing is as follows:
(1) the notopterygium root seed after threshing is used 30-38 ℃ of clear water immersion after 8-10 hour, at 40-60kHz, 250-300W, ultrasonic processing 10-12min under the condition of 25-30 ℃;
(2) the notopterygium root seed after ultrasonic processing is mixed ash, the weight ratio of seed and ash is 1:0.5, then adopts sand to hide method, and seed storage was processed 50～60 days, gets final product; Wherein, the Thickness Ratio of sand and seed is 5:1, and duration of storage keeps soil moisture content 70～80%.
Further preferably, the method for operating of step (1) is as follows: after the notopterygium root seed after threshing is soaked 8 hours with 35 ℃ of clear water, and at 40kHz, 250W, ultrasonic processing 10min under the condition of 25 ℃.
Further, the concrete operations of described sowing are as follows:
Be not less than the 2800m place at height above sea level, adopt autumn sowing, before sowing, first apply base fertilizer in furrow, base fertilizer is take farmyard manure as main, and consumption is 25kg/m
2Remove the seed that after-ripening is handled well, admixed the humus soil of 5～30 mesh sieves in the ratio of 1:10, mix the seed ash, press 150g/m
2Bright grain weight evenly be sprinkled into the seed ash, then covered the humus soil of 5～30 mesh sieves on the furrow face, thickness 1.5～2cm, compacting, then in the thick leaves of plants of Waterlogged soil 1 ~ 4cm or/and bar get final product.
Further, the light transmittance of described cool canopy is 25%-35%.
Further, described height above sea level is at 3000-3500m.
Wherein, described notopterygium root is notopterygium forbesii.
The present invention is according to notopterygium root Seed germination characteristic, and the technology such as kind of a fruit, after-ripening processing and sowing of gathering by suitable period make the germination rate of notopterygium root seed up to 70%, significantly improve than prior art, and germinating time is more neat; Simultaneously, cultivation method of the present invention can also foreshorten to about 50-60 days from half a year with the ripening time of seed, has greatly shortened the after-ripening processing time, and the seed autumn sowing then that realized gathering then more is conducive to the extensive cultivation of notopterygium root.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1 notopterygium root cultivation method of the present invention
The results of 1 seed and after-ripening are processed
The collecting time of notopterygium root seed has very big impact to emergence rate, and the too early seed of gathering is not yet ripe; Gathered evening, thereby also may make seed affect the activity of seed due to dry lack of water.The notopterygium root seed begins maturation in early October, is Best harvest time when the aobvious loquat of seed is yellow.Ripe a collection of, gather a collection of.When gathering, after with scissors, the fruit ear of maturation being cut, threshing after drying in the air in the cool 1～2 day.
After notopterygium root seed after threshing was soaked 8 hours with 35 ℃ of clear water, at 40kHz, 250W processed 10min under the condition of 25 ℃ with KQ-250B type supersonic generator (Kunshan Ultrasonic Instruments Co., Ltd.).
Notopterygium root seed after ultrasonic processing is mixed 50% ash (being 1:0.5), select one to be rich in humic fertilizer and more moistening place under Lin Yinshu, dig pit, the degree of depth 0.6m in hole, size determines what according to seed, spread one deck wet husky, put one deck notopterygium root seed, the Thickness Ratio 5:1 of sand and seed, when seed is processed in storage, as a day drought, in time water, make the water content of soil be controlled at 70～80%.The notopterygium root seed afterripening processing time, before preserving frozen soil from gathering always, about 50～60d, digging sowing.
2 sowing and field management
(1) selection of land, whole ground
The good growth of notopterygium root requires certain height above sea level, the too low difficult survival of height above sea level and damage by disease and insect are more, and higher vegetative period shortens, therefore Common Cultivation base height above sea level is chosen in 3000-3500m, minimum must not be lower than 2800m, nursery should be selected the forest soil that dark and damp fertile, draining is good, the soil is porous.
The thin rake of deep ploughing is done furrow.Require furrow face table soil thin, flat, continuous, loose, soil moisture content is good.Deep ploughing before plantation, rake carefully, flatten, use sufficient base fertilizer, bedding, the high 10cm of furrow, the wide 1m of furrow, furrow length depending on landform.
(2) sowing
Generally be advisable with autumn sowing, sowing in time before frozen soil.Before sowing, first apply base fertilizer in furrow, base fertilizer is take farmyard manure (barnyard manure) as main, and consumption is 25kg/m
2, with base fertilizer and furrow face table soil mixing, then flatten the furrow face.Adopt during sowing and broadcast sowing method, can make the seed Uniform Dispersion because broadcast sowing, take full advantage of the furrow space of planes.The seed that after-ripening is handled well takes out, and admixes the humus soil of 5～30 mesh sieves in the ratio of 1:10, mixes the seed ash, the seed weight of unit of account weight.That is: every kg kind ash contains seed weight (g/kg)=seed gross weight ÷ seed ash gross weight, presses 150g/m
2Bright grain weight evenly be sprinkled into the seed ash, then covered the humus soil of 5～30 mesh sieves on the furrow face, thickness 1.5～2cm.After planting suppress a little with plank, seed and soil are fully combined.
(3) cover
Shine at Waterlogged soil leaves of plants, the stalk (can first use the phoxim desinsection, then it being clever to become rusty with powder, the carbendazim sterilization) that dry doubling is ground into 0.5～5cm, approximately 1～4cm is thick in covering, and the Main Function of covering is to reduce moisture evaporation, prevents frostbite, windburn and soil freezing.
(4) take shade
Can gather materials on the spot, build cool canopy with the material that bamboo branch (withy) etc. conveniently is easy to get, the height of canopy is generally 1.5～1.8m, to facilitate weeding, fertilising.The suitable 25%-35% of light transmittance, the shade rate of maintenance 65%-75%.
3 field management
Notopterygium root is afraid of that drought is waterlogging, needs often to keep ground moistening at Seedling Stage, must in time pour water when meeting drought.
After measured, in cultivation method of the present invention, the notopterygium root percentage of seedgermination is up to 70%, and sprout time difference is little.
The conditional filtering of the embodiment 2 ultrasonic processing of the present invention
4 screening conditions (seeing Table 1) are set, and every 100 of notopterygium root seed after-ripening being processed 60d is sowed in the culture dish that is placed with double-deck filter paper, and filter paper infiltrates with running water, 3 repetitions.Be placed in 20 ℃ of illumination boxs and cultivate, the photoperiod is the dark reaction of 12h/12h light.The germination standard arrives the length of seed self for the plumular axis length that breaks through notopterygium root seed skin.Germinate after beginning, the normal seedling number that every day, record was sprouted is until till occurring without germination seed, and according to circumstances adds water, keeping moistening, the serious seed that goes rotten that occurs in experimentation sorted out and record in addition at any time.Calculate phase germination beginning of notopterygium root seed, germinate duration and germination rate, the results are shown in Table 2.
Table 1 ultrasound condition screening table
Table 2 ultrasound condition optimization test table
Annotate: germination rate=(subnumber is planted experimentally in chitting piece number/confession) * 100%; Germination phase beginning is to weigh to germinateing, whether facilitation to be arranged; The germination duration is to weigh the germination regularity, and is if the duration of germinateing is shorter, just more neat.
As shown in Table 2:
(1) before the method for sand Tibetan, seed is carried out ultrasonic processing, can improve germination rate, improve germination regularity etc.;
(2) in condition 2 and condition 3, germination rate and the germination regularity to notopterygium root all is improved effect;
(3) wherein, with condition 2 the bests, the notopterygium root seed under this condition after ultrasonic processing, its germination rate, germination regularity significantly are better than other each conditions.
In sum, the present invention is according to notopterygium root Seed germination characteristic, and the technology such as kind of a fruit, after-ripening processing and sowing of gathering by suitable period make the germination rate of notopterygium root seed up to 70%, significantly improve than prior art, and germinating time is more neat; Simultaneously, cultivation method of the present invention can also foreshorten to about 50-60 days from half a year with the ripening time of seed, has greatly shortened the after-ripening processing time, and the seed autumn sowing then that realized gathering then more is conducive to the extensive cultivation of notopterygium root.
Claims (7)
1. the cultivation method of notopterygium root is characterized in that: it comprises that seed collection, seed afterripening process, sow, build cool canopy and field management, and wherein, the concrete operation step that described seed afterripening is processed is as follows:
(1) the notopterygium root seed after threshing is used 30-38 ℃ of clear water immersion after 6-12 hour, at 20-80kHz, 200-350W, ultrasonic processing 8-14min under the condition of 20-35 ℃;
(2) the notopterygium root seed after ultrasonic processing is mixed ash, the weight ratio of seed and ash is 1:0.3-0.7, then adopts sand to hide method, and seed storage was processed 50～70 days, gets final product; Wherein, the Thickness Ratio of sand and seed is 7-3:1, and duration of storage keeps soil moisture content 70～80%.
2. the cultivation method of notopterygium root according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the concrete operation step that described seed afterripening is processed is as follows:
(1) the notopterygium root seed after threshing is used 30-38 ℃ of clear water immersion after 8-10 hour, at 40-60kHz, 250-300W, ultrasonic processing 10-12min under the condition of 25-30 ℃;
(2) the notopterygium root seed after ultrasonic processing is mixed ash, the weight ratio of seed and ash is 1:0.5, then adopts sand to hide method, and seed storage was processed 50～60 days, gets final product; Wherein, the Thickness Ratio of sand and seed is 5:1, and duration of storage keeps soil moisture content 70～80%.
3. the cultivation method of notopterygium root according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: the method for operating of step (1) is as follows: after the notopterygium root seed after threshing is soaked 8 hours with 35 ℃ of clear water, at 40kHz, 250W, ultrasonic processing 10min under the condition of 25 ℃.
4. the cultivation method of notopterygium root according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the concrete operations of described sowing are as follows:
Be not less than the 2800m place at height above sea level, carry out autumn sowing, before sowing, first apply base fertilizer in furrow, base fertilizer is take farmyard manure as main, and consumption is 25kg/m
2Get the seed that after-ripening is handled well, admixed the humus soil of 5～30 mesh sieves in the ratio of 1:10, mix the seed ash, press 150g/m
2Bright grain weight evenly be sprinkled into the seed ash, then covered the humus soil of 5～30 mesh sieves on the furrow face, thickness 1.5～2cm, compacting, then in the thick leaves of plants of Waterlogged soil 1～4cm or/and bar get final product.
5. the cultivation method of notopterygium root according to claim 4, it is characterized in that: described height above sea level is at 3000-3500m.
6. the cultivation method of according to claim 1-3 described notopterygium roots of any one, it is characterized in that: the light transmittance of described cool canopy is 25%-35%.
7. the cultivation method of notopterygium root according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described notopterygium root is notopterygium forbesii Notepterygium franchetii H.de Boiss..
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| CN105684597A (en) * | 2016-01-28 | 2016-06-22 | 临洮农科教中药材开发有限公司 | Notopterygium root seed processing method and black mulching film land cultivating method of notopterygium roots |
| CN106069333B (en) * | 2016-06-25 | 2019-09-06 | 丽江翠森茂生物科技有限责任公司 | A kind of processing method and seedling culture method of Rhizoma Et Radix Notopterygii seed |
| CN107980520A (en) * | 2017-12-07 | 2018-05-04 | 白兰香 | A kind of notopterygium root cultural method |
| CN110972599A (en) * | 2019-11-28 | 2020-04-10 | 甘肃步云农牧科技有限责任公司 | Method for treating and growing seedlings of notopterygium serissoides seeds |
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| WO2004008850A2 (en) * | 2002-07-22 | 2004-01-29 | Cargill, Incorporated | Process for sonicating plant seeds |
| CN101416577A (en) * | 2008-11-27 | 2009-04-29 | 陇西中天药业有限责任公司 | Notopterygium forbesii seeds treatment and culture method |
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Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2004008850A2 (en) * | 2002-07-22 | 2004-01-29 | Cargill, Incorporated | Process for sonicating plant seeds |
| CN101416577A (en) * | 2008-11-27 | 2009-04-29 | 陇西中天药业有限责任公司 | Notopterygium forbesii seeds treatment and culture method |
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