CN102301876A - Artificial cultivation method for Paris polyphylla - Google Patents
Artificial cultivation method for Paris polyphylla Download PDFInfo
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- CN102301876A CN102301876A CN 201110187082 CN201110187082A CN102301876A CN 102301876 A CN102301876 A CN 102301876A CN 201110187082 CN201110187082 CN 201110187082 CN 201110187082 A CN201110187082 A CN 201110187082A CN 102301876 A CN102301876 A CN 102301876A
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Abstract
The invention discloses an artificial cultivation method for Paris polyphylla. When the year increment of Paris polyphylla is more than or equal to 30kg/667m<2>, an optimized agronomic measure combined scheme is as follows: sowing density is 9856-10762 plants/667m<2>, sowing date is 8-10, Apr., phosphatic fertilizer use amount is 7.66-12.35kg/667m<2>, and nitrogenous fertilizer use amount is 1.63-2.94kg/667m<2>. The artificial cultivation method has higher practical value on the optimized agronomic measure combined scheme.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of Paris polyphylla artificial cultivation method, belong to agricultural technology field.
Background technology
Paris polyphylla (Rhizoma Paridis) is claimed paris polyphylla again, is the general term of Liliaceae paris plant, and the name head that stops with flea is stated from Shennong's Herbal.The paris plant whole world has 24 kinds, and China's most species has 19 kinds, and wherein each provinces and regions kind of southwest and resource are very abundant.Common kind has magnificent Paris polyphylla, Yunnan Rhizoma Paridis and paris polyphylla.Medicinal have magnificent Paris polyphylla, Yunnan Rhizoma Paridis, paris polyphylla, narrow leaf Paris polyphylla, long connective Paris polyphylla, rhizome of Pashan paris, the Paris polyphylla that reaches the clouds, a south heavy building." the dry rhizome that Chinese pharmacopoeia version in 2010 is recorded for Yunnan Rhizoma Paridis Paris polyphylla Smith var.yunnanensis (Franch.) Hand.-Mazz. and paris polyphylla P.D phylla Smith var.chinensis (Franch.) Hara.These article bitter, cold nature, slightly poisonous, return Liver Channel, have the effect of clearing heat and detoxicating, swelling and pain relieving, cool liver arresting convulsion, be used for diseases such as carbuncle sore, abscess of throat, venomous snake bite, injuries from falls as well, cool breeze tic.Modern pharmacological research shows: Paris polyphylla has effects such as antitumor, hemostasis, relieving cough and asthma, antibiotic, antiviral, anti-inflammatory; Like the Shi Xiaofeng external influences that 3H-TdR, 3H-UR are mixed people H22 oncocyte of research Chinese paris rhizome total saponin such as (1992), 5,10 μ g/ml Chinese paris rhizome total saponins have stronger inhibitory action to the biosynthesis of H22 animal transplanting tumor cell DNA, RNA as a result.In recent years, along with Paris polyphylla is studied deeply, its medical value comes into one's own day by day.
Because Yunnan Rhizoma Paridis and magnificent Paris polyphylla are herbaceos perennial; Poor growth; And its wild resource is excessively adopted as the important component of Chinese patent drugs such as Yunnan Baiyao for a long time, and in the middle regions of the Yunnan Province, many areas such as the eastern regions of the Yunnan Province and the western regions of the Yunnan Province have been endangered, it is exhausted that the medicine source is tending towards.And be mixed with a large amount of other Paris kinds in the wild collection, be prone to cause drug effect unstable.Therefore carry out the research of the introduction and acclimatization of its species and artificial cultivation technique extremely urgent.
For the research of the introduction and acclimatization of Paris polyphylla and artificial cultivation technique since the eighties in last century just, Li Yunchang (1982) studies the sexual propagation of Yunnan Rhizoma Paridis.And Liping Wang rises and learns wild domestication and culture technique have also been carried out in big (2002) to Yunnan Rhizoma Paridis Primary Study.Show that Yunnan Rhizoma Paridis is grown under the above high mountain cyanines ditch woods shade that cools of height above sea level 2000m more, the domestication is main with vegetative propagation.In sylvan life, shade with being advisable do the upper strata plantation of shading down or with vining plant.Zhang Jinyu (2004) etc. has carried out the wild domestication and the propagation technique research of Yunnan Rhizoma Paridis and magnificent Paris polyphylla, carries out culture technique research with seminal propagation and the vegetative method of subterranean stem.The result shows: the material of different regions all can better be grown under sylvan life vacant lot or shading screen with vegetative propagation, but growth differences is bigger, and is longer from the breeding time of the material acrial part of torrid areas, but the weightening finish speed of subterranean stem weight is very fast; Asexual cutting breeding is owing to crop cycle is short, and is simple to operate, compares with seminal propagation to have higher economic benefit.Cui Baolu (2009) to Paris polyphylla vegetative propagation study, set forth rhizome cutting research, the rhizome stripping and slicing of rhizoma paris rhizome breeding and used the research of growth regulator and the present situation of tissue culture propagation technology, and proposed prospect.
Research to Paris polyphylla at present focuses mostly in the research of tissue culture, active ingredient and pharmacology, for breed of variety, high-quality production, efficient cultivation management technology deep research is arranged seldom also.And carry out that Paris polyphylla artificial planting or wild fosters is to solve Paris polyphylla germ plasm resource unique channel in imminent danger.Research had had certain progress to the Paris polyphylla artificial cultivation in recent years; Mu Linchun (2006) etc. tentatively probe into the cultivation of Paris polyphylla and utilization and show generally suitable about the 2000 meters growths of height above sea level of Paris polyphylla; Happiness is grown in the environment nice and cool, dark and damp, that moisture is appropriate, not only is afraid of arid but also be afraid of ponding.And should grow in abundant loam of humus content or the fertile sand loam and cultivate, in alkaline earth or clay, can not grow.Cui Baolu once delivered the research about state, Ganzi Paris polyphylla high-yield culture technique on sichuan agriculture science and technology, and introduced the main points of artificial cultivation technique
[11]Li Xiangdong had also once been inquired into the Paris polyphylla high-yield cultivation technique in crop genetics on magazine.Make a breakthrough by the leading Yunnan Rhizoma Paridis good variety selection in Yunnan Province Agriculture Academy of Science Medicine Plant Institute breeding and cultivation research department and three sections cultivation research and demonstration.The Yunnan Rhizoma Paridis culture technique is introduced in Yang Bin summaries such as (2008), and clearly proposing the Yunnan Rhizoma Paridis seedling breeding is main with seminal propagation, and band terminal bud stripping and slicing breeding is auxilliary; To the rare state of Yunnan Rhizoma Paridis raw material, proposed rationally to utilize some suggestion of Yunnan Rhizoma Paridis resource, and set forth perfect Yunnan Rhizoma Paridis " three sections cultivations ", to solve long problem of Yunnan Rhizoma Paridis cultivation cycle.Chen Cui (2010) etc. carries out experimental study for many years to the Yunnan Rhizoma Paridis culture technique, and on this basis, sums up Yunnan Rhizoma Paridis sapling multiplication technology, plantation measure and field management technology, to promote Yunnan Rhizoma Paridis industrialization cultivation and development.Chen Cui (2010) etc. has inquired into the influence of different planting densities to Yunnan Rhizoma Paridis rhizome weightening finish multiple, survival rate and output; For confirming that rational cultivation step provides foundation; The result optimizes optimum planting density, obtains conclusion at last: the optimum planting density of the seedling about 10g is 10cm*20cm.Chen Cui (2010) etc. are to Yunnan Rhizoma Paridis; Adopt of the influence of ternary quadratic regression orthogonal design method research NPK inorganic fertilizer to Yunnan Rhizoma Paridis output.The result shows that the high yield of Yunnan Rhizoma Paridis needs higher soil fertility condition, and under the soil fertility condition of low middling, the best farmyard manure fertilizing amount of Yunnan Rhizoma Paridis is 3000～4500kg/667m
2Ask.N element and P element are the nutrient limiting factors of Yunnan Rhizoma Paridis growth.Thus it is clear that, use suitable fertilizer and N, P inorganic fertilizer and can increase substantially Yunnan Rhizoma Paridis yield per unit area.
At present Paris polyphylla artificial cultivation area seldom, plantation is concentrated in the little transplantation of seedlings that the medicinal herb grower mainly will find, lacks suitable high yield, high-quality, standardized cultivation technical regulation, its quality and yield all can not get guarantee.Therefore carry out the efficiency cultivation technology for high research of Paris polyphylla; Understand the influence of respectively cultivating factor pair Paris polyphylla output and quality; Find out best cultivation technique measure, produce, promote the industrialized development of Paris polyphylla to have active operation significance for the scale, the standardization that will realize Paris polyphylla from now on.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is:.
Through the best cultivation technique mode of Paris polyphylla in the area, Baoxing County carried out Primary Study; Set up and seek the best cultivation technique mode of Paris polyphylla year maximum growth amount; Find out the correlation that influences between each of Paris polyphylla output cultivation step, foundation is provided for instructing Paris polyphylla artificial cultivation or wild fostering.Method: secondary universal rotary combination design and the method that makes up mathematical regression model are adopted in this research, understand the influence to the annual output of Baoxing Paris polyphylla of thickness of sowing, sowing time, phosphate fertilizer consumption, the different cultivation steps of nitrogen fertilizer amount thereby analyze.The result shows: have Y=28.239+8.732X between the annual output of Paris polyphylla (y) and each factor of test
4-11.756X
2 2-10.138X
4 2+ 14.656X
1X
2-7.998X
2X
4Optimization Model.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is transplanting phase (X
1), planting density (X
2), phosphate fertilizer (X
3), nitrogenous fertilizer (X
4) and relation of yield;
Fig. 2 is transplanting phase (X
1), planting density (X
2), phosphate fertilizer (X
3), nitrogenous fertilizer (X
4) with output make effect figure mutually
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is elaborated.
Four factors, five level quadratic regression universal rotary combination design are adopted in this test; Test through standardized cultivation; Be intended to set up and seek the best cultivation technique mode of Paris polyphylla year maximum growth amount; Find out the correlation that influences between each of Paris polyphylla output cultivation step; For instructing Paris polyphylla artificial cultivation or wild fostering that foundation is provided, promote the development of Paris polyphylla industry.
1 materials and methods
1.1 test kind
Experimental cultivar is provided by Yaan, Sichuan three nine-day periods after the winter solstice traditional Chinese medicine scientific and technological industrialization company; Be magnificent Paris polyphylla Paris Polyphylla Smith var.chinensis (Franch.) Hara.; Be colonizated in Baoxing Paris polyphylla planting base with biennial Paris polyphylla seedling in April, 2009, and test was transplanted and be provided with on March 28th, 2010 behind the Paris polyphylla Hui Miao.
1.2 test place
This was tested year November in March, 2010-2010, and carry out in the cold wooden ditch Paris polyphylla in Mu Ping town base in the Baoxing County, and experimental field basic condition is seen table 1.
The experimental field main physical and chemical index of table 1
1.3 experimental scheme
Four factors, five level quadratic regression universal rotary combination design are adopted in this test.If transplanting phase, planting density, phosphate fertilizer, four factors of nitrogenous fertilizer represent with X1, X2, X3, X4 that respectively experimental factor and level code thereof are seen table 2,31 processing are established in test, and each is handled 3 times and repeats randomized arrangement, every sub-district area 13.3m
2, aisle 40cm, the minizone is apart from 25cm.
Table 2 test factor level code table
1.4 cultivation management
Treat to choose the plant that grows fine behind the Paris polyphylla Hui Miao, clean before transplanting and measure whole strain weight.The transplanting phase by design transplants, and adopts artificial dibbling.Phosphate fertilizer once applies when transplanting, and nitrogenous fertilizer selects for use 46.6% urea to divide base manure and topdress, and uses when transplanting and the early flowering season respectively by 7: 3 ratios.
1.5 researching determining project and analysis
When treating that Paris polyphylla completion in a November year growth cycle reaches the amount of growth maximum; Dig out to clean and measure whole strain weight; In the sub-district product; With the year output is dependent variable; The processing factor is an independent variable; Adopt Excel to carry out data, and, make output with SAS.JMP.V7.0 software and make effect figure mutually with carrying out statistical analysis with the DPS-6.55Patch statistical software.
2 results and analysis
2.1 the foundation and the significance test of cultivation model
With the year increment is object function Y (Kg/667m
2) can set up mathematical regression model: Y=28.239+0.347X
1-0.254X
2+ 0.645X
3+ 8.732X
4+ 1.389X
1 2-11.756X
2 2+ 1.832X
3 2-10.138X
4 2+ 14.656X
1X
2-0.746X
1X
3+ 0.952X
1X
4-3.213X
2X
3-7.998X
2X
4+ 0.863X
3X
4Mathematical model is carried out significance test, and the result shows F
R=3.614＞F0.01 (14,16)=3.4506, F
Lf=1.963＜F0.01 (10,6)=7.8741 shows the mathematical model better fitting of being set up, and the degree of reliability is higher.
After rejecting not remarkable under α=0.05 significance level, the regression equation after the simplification is: Y=28.239+8.732X
4-11.756X
2 2-10.138X
4 2+ 14.656X
1X
2-7.998X
2X
4
2.2 high yield main factor effect analysis
When all the other factors are fixed on 0 level, can obtain the recurrence submodel of each experimental factor and output respectively:
Y
1＝28.239+0.347X
1+1.389X
1 2；
Y
2＝28.239-0.254X
2-11.756X
2 2；
Y
3＝28.239+0.645X
3+1.832X
3 2；
Y
4＝28.239-19.674X
4-10.138X
4 2
According to Fig. 1, calculate the contribution rate of the factor of respectively participating in the experiment to output, its size is followed successively by: nitrogenous fertilizer (X
4)=4.05, planting density (X
2)=3.16, phosphate fertilizer (X
3)=2.77, transplanting phase (X
1)=2.21.Showing in four factors of participating in the experiment, to the having the greatest impact of output, secondly is planting density with nitrogenous fertilizer, and phosphate fertilizer occupies the 3rd, and the transplanting phase is less relatively to the influence of output.
2.3 output make effect analysis mutually
Regression analysis shows, in year increment effect function, all has certain effect, transplanting phase (X of doing mutually in twos between each experimental factor
1) and planting density (X
2), phosphate fertilizer (X
3), nitrogenous fertilizer (X
4), and planting density (X
2) and phosphate fertilizer (X
3), nitrogenous fertilizer (X
4), phosphate fertilizer (X
3) and nitrogenous fertilizer (X
4) between the effect of output all is different significance level.Fix all the other factors when being 0 level, can obtain in addition the regression equation of two factors and output, and can make its output and make effect surface chart (Fig. 2) mutually.
Fig. 2 I is transplanting phase (X
1) and planting density (X
2) make effect figure mutually, can find out that therefrom the phase of no matter transplanting, planting density was the principal element that influence year increment early with late, illustrated that the density that suits is one of key factor of Paris polyphylla high yield.Fig. 2 II is that the output of planting density and phosphate fertilizer is made effect figure mutually, can find out that therefrom with the increase of planting density, output significantly increases, and planting density and phosphate fertilizer have certain collaborative production-increasing function, but it is not remarkable to make effect mutually.Fig. 2 III is that the output of planting density and nitrogenous fertilizer is made effect figure mutually; Therefrom can find out; Under low nitrogen level; Increase with nitrogen fertilizer amount and density; Output increases, and the high yield zone is in the certain nitrogenous fertilizer level and the zone of higher density, and output sharply descended after nitrogenous fertilizer surpassed certain level; Explanation is the control nitrogen fertilizer amount in the high-fertilized water land district, and preventing to lodge is the key link of Paris polyphylla high yield.Fig. 2 IV, Fig. 2 V are that the output of transplanting phase and phosphate fertilizer, nitrogenous fertilizer is made effect figure mutually, therefrom can find out, and early sowing, late sowing, phosphate fertilizer consumption height no matter, output is all low, and suitable date of seeding is the basic assurance that obtains high yield; In the suitable transplanting phase, in the low horizontal output of nitrogenous fertilizer the highest, under the situation of moving late, suitably increase nitrogen fertilizer amount, can remedy the loss that moves late to a certain extent.Fig. 2 VI is that the output of phosphate fertilizer and nitrogenous fertilizer is made effect figure mutually, therefrom can find out, under low-phosphorous level, increases nitrogen fertilizer amount, and output does not have obvious raising, and the high yield zone appears at high phosphorus and high-nitrogen area, shows that phosphate fertilizer and nitrogenous fertilizer have the effect of collaborative raising the output and synergy.
2.4 the frequency statistical analysis of high-yield culturing scheme
The frequency analysis shows (table 3), in 625 schemes of 45 processing horizontals of factor of participating in the experiment, and output>=30kg/667m
2Have 35 the cover, account for 6.86% of all assembled schemes, statistical analysis gets yield>=30kg/667m
2Agronomic measures optimum organization scheme be: planting density 9856-10762 strain/667m
2, transplant 8-10 day April phase, phosphate fertilizer consumption 7.66-12.35Kg/667m
2, nitrogen fertilizer amount 1.63-2.94kg/667m
2
Each factor of table 3 is at output>=30kg/667m
2The time the value frequency distribute
3 discussion and conclusion
Many researchs show that density and output are parabolic relation, during low-density, improve output with density and improve, and above behind the optimal population, improve output with density and descend.But also have research to draw between the different densities processing and do not have significant difference, output is little with basic seedling relation.In this test, seeding quantity is at 9000-12000 strain/667m
2Scope in, the change of production amplitude is bigger, maybe be because colony's self-regulation ability of Paris polyphylla kind is stronger.This result of the test shows that the transplanting phase is little to the contribution rate of output, and early sowing, late sowing volume variance are not remarkable.
This result of the test shows that the phosphate fertilizer consumption is not remarkable to yield effect, executes output and economic benefit that potassium can improve Paris polyphylla, improves and assurance Paris polyphylla quality.In the higher area of fertility level, should note balance fertilizing, suitably increase phosphorus, potash fertilizer, to improve quality and to keep soil fertility.
Under low nitrogen level, output increases along with the increase of amount of nitrogen.Nitrogenous fertilizer is maximum to the contribution of output, is a key factor that directly influences Paris polyphylla output, and under certain planting density, nitrogenous fertilizer is the key of effective branch of influence and output.Nitrogen is the essential nutritive element of Paris polyphylla growth, and chlorophyll content and output have confidential relation in the rich scarce and leaf of nitrogen.But amount of application of nitrogen fertilizer is higher, causes lodging easily, causes the underproduction.In this test, amount of application of nitrogen fertilizer surpasses 8Kg/667m
2After; Increase with nitrogen fertilizer amount; Output begins to descend; Its reason possibly be that nitrogen fertilizer amount is excessive, has promoted the growth of acrial part branches and leaves, and has suppressed the growth of underground part product organ; Therefore Paris polyphylla is executed nitrogen; Must be controlled at zone of reasonableness, both waste resource, reduce the result of benefit again in order to avoid cause.
Comprehensive above the analysis, the biennial Paris polyphylla year output>=30kg/667m in Baoxing area
2The agronomic measures prioritization scheme be: thickness of sowing 9856-10762 strain/667m
2, transplant 8-10 day April phase, phosphate fertilizer consumption 8-12Kg/667m
2, nitrogen fertilizer amount 2-3kg/667m
2This scheme has bigger actual directive significance for Baoxing area Paris polyphylla artificial cultivation.
Should be understood that, concerning those of ordinary skills, can improve according to the above description or conversion, and all these improvement and conversion all should belong to the protection domain of accompanying claims of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. a Paris polyphylla artificial cultivation method is characterized in that, thickness of sowing 9856-10762 strain/667m
2, transplant 8-10 day April phase, phosphate fertilizer consumption 8-12Kg/667m
2, nitrogen fertilizer amount 2-3kg/667m
2
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102626031A (en) * | 2012-04-27 | 2012-08-08 | 江西省鑫隆农业发展有限公司 | Wild-simulation planting technique for multi-bud rhizoma paridis |
| CN103708885A (en) * | 2013-12-18 | 2014-04-09 | 江苏大学 | Compound fertilizer for improving tea yield and preparation method thereof |
| CN104429447A (en) * | 2014-10-13 | 2015-03-25 | 云南省农业科学院药用植物研究所 | Method for improving parispolyphylla seed yield and quality |
| CN104855126A (en) * | 2015-06-15 | 2015-08-26 | 云南农业大学 | Paris polyphylla transplanting method for shortening seedling recovery period |
| CN106342505A (en) * | 2016-08-17 | 2017-01-25 | 迪庆嘉苑实业有限责任公司 | Cultivation method of paris polyphylla |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102626031A (en) * | 2012-04-27 | 2012-08-08 | 江西省鑫隆农业发展有限公司 | Wild-simulation planting technique for multi-bud rhizoma paridis |
| CN102626031B (en) * | 2012-04-27 | 2015-03-18 | 江西省鑫隆农业发展有限公司 | Wild-simulation planting technique for multi-bud rhizoma paridis |
| CN103708885A (en) * | 2013-12-18 | 2014-04-09 | 江苏大学 | Compound fertilizer for improving tea yield and preparation method thereof |
| CN103708885B (en) * | 2013-12-18 | 2015-01-21 | 江苏大学 | Compound fertilizer for improving tea yield and preparation method thereof |
| CN104429447A (en) * | 2014-10-13 | 2015-03-25 | 云南省农业科学院药用植物研究所 | Method for improving parispolyphylla seed yield and quality |
| CN104855126A (en) * | 2015-06-15 | 2015-08-26 | 云南农业大学 | Paris polyphylla transplanting method for shortening seedling recovery period |
| CN106342505A (en) * | 2016-08-17 | 2017-01-25 | 迪庆嘉苑实业有限责任公司 | Cultivation method of paris polyphylla |
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|---|---|
| CN102301876B (en) | 2012-10-31 |
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