CN104855126A - Paris polyphylla transplanting method for shortening seedling recovery period - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a Paris polyphylla transplanting method for shortening a seedling recovery period, and relates to the technical field of cultivation of medicinal plants. The Paris polyphylla transplanting method for shortening the seedling recovery period includes steps of lifting of seedlings, grading of seed stems, transplanting, fertilization and the like. The Paris polyphylla transplanting method for shortening the seedling recovery period specially includes: lifting and transplanting the seedlings during a period from the middle of June to the middle of August every year, and then separating the seed stems of Paris polyphylla after the seedlings are lifted according to different types of the Paris polyphylla, dividing the seed stems of the Paris polyphylla into a large seedling grade, an intermediate seedling grade and a small seedling grade according to the thickness of rhizomes, and finally planting the seed stems of each grade in each land block. The Paris polyphylla transplanting method for shortening the seedling recovery period is simple in technological procedure and easy to execute, shortens a one year seedling recovery period needed from cultivation to seedling emergence of a majority of Paris polyphylla cultivated normally, saves time cost, land tenancy cost and management cost, and furthermore reduces respiration consumption generated in the one year seedling recovery period. By using the Paris polyphylla transplanting method for shortening the seedling recovery period to transplants the Paris polyphylla, survival in the planting year and normal growth of more than 95% of plants can be guaranteed, and the plants are good in growth vigor, and therefore the Paris polyphylla transplanting method for shortening the seedling recovery period is worthy of comprehensive generalization and application.

Description

A kind of Paris polyphylla transplanting method shortening also seedling stage

Technical field

The present invention relates to technical field of medicinal plant cultivation, particularly a kind of Paris polyphylla transplanting method shortening also seedling stage.

Background technology

Paris polyphylla is that China uses one of time-honored important Chinese medicine, with Yunnan Paris polyphylla paris polyphyllasmith var. yunnanensis(Franch.) Hand.-Mazz. or magnificent Paris polyphylla (also claiming paris polyphylla) paris polyphyllavar. chinensis(Franch.) rhizome of Hara is used as medicine, cold nature, and bitter is slightly poisonous; Have clearing heat and detoxicating, swelling and pain relieving, antitumor medicinal efficacy such as grade is one of primary raw material of famous patent medicine " Yunnan Baiyao ".The demand of market to Paris polyphylla sharply increases in recent years, annual consumption is all far beyond the year increment of Paris polyphylla, in addition long, the living environment of Paris polyphylla growth cycle goes to pot and the reason such as artificial predation formula collection, and Paris polyphylla resource has been on the verge of exhaustion, and some areas wild resource is endangered.Therefore, artificial cultivation Paris polyphylla becomes inexorable trend.

In the cultivation of Paris polyphylla, transplanting is the important step first will done.In existing culture technique and Research Literature, after the transplanting time of selection is all down seedling to before emerging during this period of time, this period in the January of namely annual November to next year.The drawback of this cultivation is exactly the bud possibility breakage that previous year is formed, even if bud can be sprouted smoothly grow ground, but because old fibrous root afterwards usually can be dead in transplanting, new root generally could be formed at the end of May.This can not get enough moisture and nutrition supply with regard to causing the cauline leaf grown March then, causes the withered and dead of cauline leaf, only has the cauline leaf of only a few (less than 20%) to maintain growth.The real bud that can grow, is just formed the September after transplanting, and through the also seedling stage of 1 year, next year could form normal plant on the ground.This has not only delayed grower's year and management cost, and rhizoma paris rhizome itself also needs to consume nutrition and sustains life and produce new root and follow-on bud.

In addition, current Paris polyphylla is transplanted, at most only by kind separately plantation, size regardless of, although cause the Paris polyphylla in same plot to be same kind, not of uniform size, height mixes, and pole is unfavorable for the unified management in later stage and gathers.Therefore be necessary very much to carry out classification to Paris polyphylla kind stem, transplant respectively in different plot, be convenient to management and gather.

Again, current Paris polyphylla transplanting method is only general seeding row spacing and thickness of earth-fill cover, does not have accurate quantitative test.The present invention, through test of many times, has drawn the standardization transplanting method of different stage kind stem.

Finally, the problem of fertilization after transplanting is also the problem troubling Paris polyphylla grower, if improper fertilization, can cause and burn seedling phenomenon, have a strong impact on the growth of Paris polyphylla.Therefore, inventor have also been made many tests to fertilising after transplanting, explores a set of effective method.

Summary of the invention

For solving above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of can shorten 1 year also seedling stage, make the Paris polyphylla survival rate after transplanting high and robust growth, can be saved time cost, Land_use change cost and various management cost, and the Paris polyphylla transplanting method be convenient to final-period management and gathered.

For achieving the above object, the technical solution used in the present invention is: a kind of Paris polyphylla transplanting method shortening also seedling stage, is characterized in that, comprise the step of following order:

(1) lifting: select in annual mid-June to mid-August, connects the whole strain of root band seedling and digs out, shrug off earth, place vertically in plastic sack or in fluid-tight frame of plastic by Paris polyphylla plant;

(2) stem classification is planted: first separated by the difference of kind by the Paris polyphylla kind stem after lifting, then be divided into three grades by the thickness of rhizome, more than diameter 3cm's is one-level seedlings, and diameter 1.5 ~ 3.0cm is seedling in secondary, and below diameter 1.5cm's is three grades of seedlings;

(3) transplant: first laterally dig out the dark plantation ditch of a 15cm in the moisture in the soil face put in order, the kind stem belonging to same rank after classification is put into plantation ditch, then cut the earth from the plantation ditch of next line and cover kind of a stem, carry out successively, the seeding row spacing of one-level seedlings is 18 × 12cm, and thickness of earth-fill cover is 7 cm, in secondary, the seeding row spacing of seedling is 15 × 10 cm, thickness of earth-fill cover is 5 cm, and the seeding row spacing of three grades of seedlings is 12 × 10 cm, and thickness of earth-fill cover is 3 cm;

(4) apply fertilizer: the farmyard manure become thoroughly decomposed after transplanting, can only be executed then, people and animals' urine or biogas, chemical fertilizer can not be executed, the amount of application of farmyard manure is 2500Kg/ mu, farmyard manure annual summer, Qiu Geshi are once, the sheep excrement become thoroughly decomposed more than 1 year can be imposed in rainy season after Second Year, execute sheep excrement annual 5 to August 3 times, execute 100 kilograms at every turn, spread fertilizer over the fields equably on moisture in the soil face after sheep excrement being pulverized when using.

Relative to prior art, beneficial effect of the present invention is:

1, different from the transplanting time in January of traditional November to next year, the transplanting time of Paris polyphylla, through lot of experiments, is selected in annual mid-June to mid-August by the present inventor, this period is rainy season, plant easily survives, and therefore shortens the also seedling stage of 1 year, has saved time cost; Paris polyphylla itself is the robust growth because decreasing the respiration consumption of 1 year also, and growing way is better, and the Paris polyphylla survival rate of therefore transplanting is high, robust plant, has the Paris polyphylla of 95% to survive then and normal growth, next year 100% normal growth.

2, the present invention reduces the also seedling stage of 1 year, can save the plantation family cost of land of 1 year and all management costs.

3, the present invention is owing to carrying out classification to Paris polyphylla kind stem, three grades are divided into by seedlings, middle seedling, seedling, the kind stem belonging to same rank is planted in same plot, and different seeding row spacings and thickness of earth covering are explored to the kind stem of different stage, such Paris polyphylla that can make is emerged unanimously, is convenient to the management in later stage and gathers.

Embodiment

Below in conjunction with embodiment, technical solution of the present invention is described in further detail; but can not be interpreted as limiting the scope of the invention, person skilled in art can do some apparent improvement and adjustment according to foregoing invention content to the present invention.

Embodiment 1

Shorten the Paris polyphylla transplanting method in also seedling stage, comprise the step of following order:

(1) lifting: Paris polyphylla plant is connected the whole strain of root band seedling mid-June and dig out, shrug off earth, place vertically in plastic sack or fluid-tight frame of plastic, cauline leaf dehydration dead to prevent plant root withered is too much wilted.

(2) plant stem classification: in order to neat and consistent of emerging, convenient management, the Paris polyphylla kind stem after lifting is first separated by the difference of kind, three grades are divided into again by the thickness of rhizome, more than diameter 3cm's is one-level seedlings, and diameter 1.5 ~ 3.0cm is seedling in secondary, and below diameter 1.5cm's is three grades of seedlings;

(3) transplant: adopt the transplanting method that trench digging " turns over book plantation ", namely first laterally the dark plantation ditch of a 15cm is dug out in the moisture in the soil face put in order, the kind stem belonging to same rank after classification is put in plantation ditch, then cut the earth from the plantation ditch of next line and cover kind of a stem, carry out successively, the seeding row spacing of one-level seedlings is 18 × 12cm, and thickness of earth-fill cover is 7 cm, in secondary, the seeding row spacing of seedling is 15 × 10 cm, and thickness of earth-fill cover is 5 cm; The seeding row spacing of three grades of seedlings is 12 × 10 cm, and thickness of earth-fill cover is 3 cm;

(4) apply fertilizer: after transplanting, the farmyard manure become thoroughly decomposed can only be executed then, people and animals' urine or biogas, chemical fertilizer can not be executed, the amount of application of farmyard manure is 2500Kg/ mu, farmyard manure annual summer, Qiu Geshi are once, the sheep excrement become thoroughly decomposed more than 1 year can be imposed in rainy season after Second Year, execute sheep excrement annual 5 to August 3 times, execute 100 kilograms at every turn, spread fertilizer over the fields equably on moisture in the soil face after sheep excrement being pulverized when using.

Namely the Paris polyphylla of the present embodiment 95% survives then, Second Year is except the kind stem of sick death, remaining 100% can form normal plant, the also seedling stage of 1 year is reduced than conventional method, both time and input cost had been saved, Paris polyphylla itself is also because decreasing the respiration consumption of 1 year and robust growth, and lethality is lower, and growing way is better.Wherein a plot is from June 15,15 days to 2011 June in 2010, and Paris polyphylla stem tuber grows into 188Kg from 112Kg.

Embodiment 2

Repeating the step of embodiment 1, is in mid-August by lifting selection of time.Namely the Paris polyphylla of the present embodiment 96% survives then, and Second Year is except the kind stem of sick death, and remaining 100% can form normal plant, reduces the also seedling stage of 1 year than conventional method.Wherein a plot is from August 15,15 days to 2011 August in 2010, and Paris polyphylla stem tuber grows into 211Kg from 112Kg.

Reference examples 1

Repeating the step of embodiment 1, is in mid-November by lifting selection of time.Namely the Paris polyphylla of the present embodiment 66% survives then, and Second Year is except the kind stem of sick death, and remaining 90% can form normal plant.Wherein a plot is from November 15,15 days to 2011 November in 2010, and Paris polyphylla stem tuber grows into 123Kg from 112Kg.

Reference examples 2

Repeating the step of embodiment 2, is in mid-January by lifting selection of time.Namely the Paris polyphylla of the present embodiment 68% survives then, and Second Year is except the kind stem of sick death, and remaining 95% can form normal plant.Wherein a plot is from January 15,15 days to 2012 January in 2011, and Paris polyphylla stem tuber grows into 134Kg from 112Kg.

Above-described embodiment transplanting time different from reference examples on the impact of Paris polyphylla survival rate and output in table 1.

Table 1: different transplanting time is on the impact of Paris polyphylla survival rate and output

As can be seen from Table 1, the transplanting time of Paris polyphylla was selected after annual mid-June to mid-August, what make Paris polyphylla also shortens 1 year seedling stage, Paris polyphylla is transplanted kind shoot survival percent then and is brought up to more than 95%, Second Year survival rate is to 100%, and compared with transplanting mid-January traditional mid-November to next year, Paris polyphylla seedling then survival rate can improve about 30%, Second Year survival rate can improve 5-10%, and when excavating after 4 years, the most high energy of per mu yield improves about 500 kg.

Claims (1)

1. the Paris polyphylla transplanting method shortening also seedling stage, is characterized in that, comprise the step of following order:

(1) lifting: select in annual mid-June to mid-August, connects the whole strain of root band seedling and digs out, shrug off earth, place vertically in plastic sack or in fluid-tight frame of plastic by Paris polyphylla plant;

(2) stem classification is planted: first separated by the difference of kind by the Paris polyphylla kind stem after lifting, then be divided into three grades by the thickness of rhizome, more than diameter 3cm's is one-level seedlings, and diameter 1.5 ~ 3.0cm is seedling in secondary, and below diameter 1.5cm's is three grades of seedlings;

(3) transplant: first laterally dig out the dark plantation ditch of a 15cm in the moisture in the soil face put in order, the kind stem belonging to same rank after classification is put into plantation ditch, then cut the earth from the plantation ditch of next line and cover kind of a stem, carry out successively, the seeding row spacing of one-level seedlings is 18 × 12cm, and thickness of earth-fill cover is 7 cm, in secondary, the seeding row spacing of seedling is 15 × 10 cm, thickness of earth-fill cover is 5 cm, and the seeding row spacing of three grades of seedlings is 12 × 10 cm, and thickness of earth-fill cover is 3 cm;

(4) apply fertilizer: the farmyard manure become thoroughly decomposed after transplanting, can only be executed then, people and animals' urine or biogas, chemical fertilizer can not be executed, the amount of application of farmyard manure is 2500Kg/ mu, farmyard manure annual summer, Qiu Geshi are once, the sheep excrement become thoroughly decomposed more than 1 year can be imposed in rainy season after Second Year, execute sheep excrement annual 5 to August 3 times, execute 100 kilograms at every turn, spread fertilizer over the fields equably on moisture in the soil face after sheep excrement being pulverized when using.