CN1404434A - 双轴拉伸吹塑成形瓶体成形用的合成树脂预塑件 - Google Patents

双轴拉伸吹塑成形瓶体成形用的合成树脂预塑件 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1404434A
CN1404434A CN01805268A CN01805268A CN1404434A CN 1404434 A CN1404434 A CN 1404434A CN 01805268 A CN01805268 A CN 01805268A CN 01805268 A CN01805268 A CN 01805268A CN 1404434 A CN1404434 A CN 1404434A
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Prior art keywords
bottle
preform
blow molding
hole enlargement
synthetic resin
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CN01805268A
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CN100411841C (zh
Inventor
秋山善男
德田博昭
毒岛真
小盐秀一
佐佐木正昭
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Yoshino Kogyosho Co Ltd
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Yoshino Kogyosho Co Ltd
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    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C49/00Blow-moulding, i.e. blowing a preform or parison to a desired shape within a mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C49/22Blow-moulding, i.e. blowing a preform or parison to a desired shape within a mould; Apparatus therefor using multilayered preforms or parisons
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29BPREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B11/00Making preforms
    • B29B11/06Making preforms by moulding the material
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29BPREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B11/00Making preforms
    • B29B11/14Making preforms characterised by structure or composition
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    • B29C48/00Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/03Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
    • B29C48/09Articles with cross-sections having partially or fully enclosed cavities, e.g. pipes or channels
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Abstract

提供一种瓶体,所述瓶体将具有叠层结构的吹塑成形预塑件(1’)的扩径筒部(4’)向下方扩径,通过利用型坯(P)吹塑成形底壳部(7’),将成形该底壳部(7’)的部分构成扩径变形的形状,在从与瓶颈环(3)对向的位置附近起直至扩径筒部(4’)的上端部范围内的任意位置的内周面部分上形成向下方扩径的扩径阶梯部(3’),或者/以及在圆筒部(5’)的下端部,将该圆筒部(5’)的直径向下方扩径作为扩径下端部(6’),通过把包含底壳部(7’)的下端部的整体制成鼓起很大的形状,防止从与瓶颈环(3)对向的位置附近起直至扩径筒部(4’)的上端部的部分处或者/以及在封合部(8’)处发生厚度堆积,提高整个厚度精度,借此获得没有外观形状畸变并具有叠层结构的瓶体。

Description

双轴拉伸吹塑成形瓶体成形用的合成树脂预塑件
技术领域
本发明涉及在双轴拉伸吹塑成形合成树脂制瓶体的作为预先成形为有底的圆筒状的初级成形品的预塑件内,利用吹塑成形装置成形的预塑件结构。
背景技术
作为双轴拉伸吹塑成形瓶体成形用的合成树脂用的初级成形品的预塑件,已知有利用注塑成形装置或吹塑成形装置成形的有底圆筒状件,但吹塑成形预塑件与注塑成形预塑件相比,可以廉价地获得金属模,可成形的形状的自由度高,进而可简单地采用层叠结构。
因此,吹塑成形预塑件比起注塑成形预塑件来,由于设备费用低,容易降低产品的价格,提高形状的自由度,可以将瓶体的外观形状成形为最佳形状,进而,由于容易采用叠层结构,在有效地抑制所需物理性质降低的条件下,可以进一步发挥薄壁化的作用。
但是,在上述现有技术中,存在着以下问题,即,在成形瓶体的肩部部分和/或成形瓶体的底部部分,容易产生厚度堆积(局部厚度加厚的部分),由于这种厚度堆积,在成形的瓶体上产生厚度不匀,使整个厚度尺寸的精度下降。
因此,本发明是为了解决上述现有技术中存在的问题而提出的,其目的是以防止发生预塑件局部的厚度堆积为技术课题,由此获得其总体厚度的尺寸精度高,外观形状没有变形的瓶体。
发明概述
在为了解决上述课题的本发明中,权利要求1所述发明的装置是一种利用双轴拉伸装置成形瓶体的吹塑成形预塑件,
在瓶口筒部与形成瓶体筒部的圆筒部之间的部位处、将成形为肩部的扩径筒部构成向下方扩径的锥形筒状,并且,将成形为底部的底壳部借助型坯的吹塑成形构成使成形为该底壳部的部分扩径变形的形状,
在从沿外周突出地设置在瓶口筒部的外周面下端部的瓶颈环对向的位置附近直到扩径筒部的上端部的范围内的任意位置的内周面部分上,形成下部扩径的扩径阶梯部,并且,其壁具有叠层结构。
此外,权利要求3所述发明的装置,是一种利用双轴拉伸装置成形瓶体的吹塑成形预塑件,
在瓶口筒部与形成瓶体筒部的圆筒部之间的部位处、将成形为肩部的扩径筒部构成向下方扩径的锥形筒状,并且,将成形为底部的底壳部借助型坯的吹塑成形构成使成形为该底壳部的部分扩径变形的形状,
在由圆筒部与底壳部的连接部分构成的下端部,将该圆筒部的直径向下方扩径形成扩径的下端部,
将其壁制成叠层结构。
在权利要求1所述的发明及权利要求3所述的发明中,由于把成形为瓶体肩部的扩径筒部制成向下方扩径的锥形筒状,所以圆筒部直径的尺寸大于瓶口筒部直径的尺寸,因此,在用预塑件拉伸吹塑成形瓶体时,可以降低沿周向的拉伸比例,从而即使对吹塑比大的瓶体,也能够以高的稳定性及良好的成形性进行成形。此外,作为扩径筒部的锥形的形状,例如,可以根据不同的目的,选择直线形的形状以及具有弧度的形状等。
同时,由于将成形为瓶体的底部的底壳部通过型坯的吹塑成形构成使成形为该底壳部的部分扩径变形的形状,瓶体的底部沿周向延伸成形,所以该底壳部的相当于型坯的截坯口部分的、一般来讲比较厚的封合部也延伸,从而可以抑制厚度堆积的发生。
底壳部扩径变形的形状与瓶体的底部形状相一致,可以根据目的和需要进行选择,例如基本上各向同性的或者使之成为基本上为瓶体的底部形状稍微缩小的形状,借此沿周向基本上均匀地延伸成形瓶体的底部,因此,例如,即使在其底部产生畸变变形,由于这种畸变变形是沿周向均匀的,所以这种畸变变形既不会使瓶体的外观恶化,也不会降低底部所起的底座的能力。
此外,在权利要求1所述的发明中,从位于作为不进行拉伸部分的瓶口筒部下端的瓶颈环对向的位置附近直到扩径筒部的上端部范围内的任意位置的内周面部分上形成扩径阶梯部,即,由于设置成形为扩径阶梯部的阶段部,所以,即使在预塑件吹塑成形时,通过向型坯内塞入型芯导向件,会在从与瓶颈环对向的位置附近开始直到扩径筒部的上端部的范围内的任意位置处的内周面部分上成为成形为厚度堆积的状态,但因为通过吹塑成形处理强制地使这一部分扩径拉伸变形,所以不会造成厚度堆积。
权利要求2所述的发明,将成形为底部的底壳部制成近似球形壳体的形状。
通过制成如权利要求2所述的上述结构,由于把成形为瓶体的底部的底壳部制成近似球形壳体的形状,所以,利用简单的金属模通过对预塑件吹塑成形就可以达到各向同性的扩径变形及膨胀变形,特别是在具有大致各向同性的横截面形状的底部的瓶体中,底部沿周向基本上均匀地被拉伸成形,因此,例如,即使在其底部发生畸变变形,由于这一畸变变形沿周向方向是均匀的,所以这种畸变变形既不会使瓶体的外观恶化,也不会降低其作为瓶底的支撑能力。
在权利要求3所述的发明中,进而由于在连接底壳部的圆筒部的下端部形成将圆筒部向下方扩径的扩径下端部,所以在对预塑件吹塑成形时,底壳部与扩径下端部一起局部集中地一直被拉伸变形到最后。
由于在该底壳部上具有型坯截坯口部分,所以,一般地形成厚度厚的封合部,但通过将底壳部局部集中地一直拉伸变形到最后,这一封合部的拉伸量很大,从而封合部的壁厚减少,不会形成厚度堆积。
权利要求4所述发明的装置是,在权利要求3所述的发明中,将形成为底部的底壳部制成近似球形壳体的形状,将成为与圆筒部的底壳部连接部分的下端部扩径成球形,构成扩径下端部。
根据权利要求4所述的上述结构,由于连接到近似球形壳体状的底壳部上的圆筒部的下端部成为扩径成球形的扩径下端部,所以,利用简单的金属模、通过吹塑成形进行各向同性的扩径变形及膨胀变形,可以形成底壳部及与之连接的扩径下端部,特别是在具有大致各向同性的横截面形状的底部及瓶体筒部下端部的瓶体中,其底部及瓶体筒部的下端部沿圆周方向基本上均匀地被延伸成形,因此,例如即使在其底部发生畸变变形,由于其畸变变形沿周向是均匀的,其畸变变形既不会使瓶体的外观恶化,也不会降低底部发挥底座的能力。
权利要求5所述的发明为,在权利要求3或4所述的发明中,在从沿瓶口筒的外周面下端的外周突出设置的瓶颈环的对向位置附近一直到扩径筒部的上端部范围内的任意位置的内周面部分上形成向下扩径的扩径阶梯部。
在权利要求5所述的发明中,由于在从与瓶颈环对向的位置附近一直到扩径筒部的上端部的范围内的任意位置的内周面部分及封合部两个方面可以防止厚度堆积的发生,所以可以获得毫无厚度堆积的吹塑成形预塑件。
权利要求6所述发明的装置是,在权利要求1、2、3、4或5所述的发明中,分别将预塑件的扩径筒部,圆筒部及底壳部中至少其中一个部位的形状分别制成瓶体的肩部、瓶体筒部及底部的近似缩小的形状。
根据权利要求6所述的上述结构,通过把预塑件的形状部分地或整体地制成瓶体的近似缩小的形状,由于在进行双轴拉伸吹塑成形时可以使拉伸比例进一步均匀化,从而,即使是非各向同性大的瓶体或具有大的,凹凸形状的瓶体等复杂形状的瓶体,也可以在高的稳定性及良好的成形性的情况下,获得壁厚均匀、变形少的瓶体。
权利要求7所述发明的装置是,在权利要求1、2、3、4、5或6所述的发明中,在与底壳部的封合部对向的下面部分,突出地设置条状加强肋。
根据权利要求7所述的上述结构,即使在利用吹塑分型金属模截坯时,在借助挤压熔接成形的封合部的内侧(底壳部的内周面侧)上因熔接不好也会形成槽状“凹痕”,由于利用条状加强肋充分地补充因这种“凹痕”造成的熔接面积的减少,所以,在由预塑件双轴拉伸吹塑成形为瓶体时,封合部不会破裂,可以获得由预塑件成形为瓶体的稳定的双轴拉伸吹塑成形动作。
对于上述权利要求1至权利要求7所述的预塑件,通过将物理性质不同的合成树脂材料的叠层进行组合,可以成形能够有效地发挥所需物理性质或功能的瓶体,此外,如果照原样作为瓶体的成形材料使用,即使是有些令人不放心的材料(例再生树脂材料等),也可以很安全地使用。
权利要求8所述的发明,在权利要求1、2、3、4、5、6或7所述的发明中,至少使用聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(下面称之为PET)系树脂的层及使用聚萘二甲酸乙二醇酯(下面称之为PEN)系树脂的层构成的叠层结构。
本发明中使用的PET系树脂主要使用PET,但只要不损害PET的基本性质,也可以使用以对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯单位为主体含有其它聚酯单位的聚酯共聚物,作为形成聚酯共聚物用的成分,例如可以列举出间苯二酸,萘-2,6-二羟酸,己二酸等二元羟酸成分,丙二醇,1,4-丁烯二醇,1,4-丁二醇,新戊醇,环己烷二甲醇,二甘醇等醇成分。
此外,作为PET系树脂,也可以使用非结晶性PET系树脂。这种非结晶性PET系树脂,在利用差示热扫描式热量计(DSC)测定的熔解温度(Tm)中,不存在熔解峰值,例如,有Eastman化学公司将环己烷二甲醇共聚合制成的PETG作为PET中的醇成分。
本发明中所使用的PEN系树脂,是以2,6-萘二甲酸乙二醇酯为单位形成的PEN以及含有50mol%以上2,6-萘二甲酸乙二醇酯单位的聚酯共聚物,作为共聚酸成分的例子,例如,有对苯二甲酸,间苯二酸,六氢化对苯二甲酸,作为共聚醇成分的例子,例如,有1,3-丙二醇,1,4-丁二醇,1,4-环己烷二甲醇,新戊醇等。
在权利要求8所述的发明中,通过把PEN系树脂层组合到PET系树脂层上,可以有效地增强耐热性,耐药品性,隔紫外线特性等PET系树脂不足的物理性质。
权利要求9所述的发明,在权利要求1、2、3、4、5、6或7所述的发明中,至少具有使用PET系树脂的外侧层及内侧层、使用阻挡气体性树脂为中间层构成的叠层结构,作为阻挡气体性树脂,例如,可以使用尼龙6,尼龙66,含有苯二甲基的聚酰胺等的尼龙系树脂,乙基乙烯醇共聚物,聚丙烯腈系树脂等公知的任意一种材料。
在权利要求9所述的发明中,可以获得一种提高对氧气,二氧化碳气等阻挡性能的瓶体,而当利用PET系树脂单体时,这种对上述气体的阻挡性是不足的。
权利要求10所述的发明,在权利要求1、2、3、4、5、6或7所述的发明中,至少具有使用聚乙烯或聚丙烯的外层,使用乙基乙烯醇共聚物构成的叠层结构,本发明中所使用的PET系树脂和权利要求5所述的发明中使用的PET系树脂一样,也包括非结晶性的PET系树脂。
在权利要求10所述的发明中,可以防止对容纳在瓶体内的内装物的有效成分中的柠檬油、维生素等的吸附。
权利要求11所述发明的装置,在权利要求1、2、3、4、5、6或7中,至少由使用聚乙烯或聚丙烯的外侧层,使用阻挡气体性树脂的中间层以及使用聚乙烯或聚丙烯的内侧层构成叠层结构。
在权利要求11所述的发明中,可以获得阻挡氧气性优异的瓶体。
权利要求12所述的发明,在权利要求1、2、3、4、5、6或7所述的发明中,具有至少使用尼龙系树脂的外侧层和使用聚丙烯或聚乙烯的内侧层构成的叠层结构,作为尼龙系树脂,例如可以使用尼龙6、尼龙66、含有苯二甲基的聚酰胺等树脂。
在权利要求12的发明中,由于用尼龙系树脂制成外侧层,从而可以获得具有高的耐穿刺强度及高的表面光泽度的瓶体。
权利要求13所述的发明,在权利要求1、2、3、4、5、6或7所述的发明中,至少由使用天然树脂材料的外侧层以及内侧层和使用再生树脂材料的中间层构成叠层结构。
在权利要求13所述的发明中,可以放心地使用再生树脂材料。
权利要求14所述发明的装置,在权利要求1、2、3、4、5、6或7所述地发明中,在叠层结构的外侧层添加防静电剂。
在权利要求14所述的发明中,由于在外侧层添加防静电剂,利用少量的添加剂就可以有效地特别是在存在带电性问题的外侧表面上防止带电。
权利要求15所述发明的装置,在权利要求1、2、3、4、5、6或7中所述的发明中,在叠层结构的至少一层中添加紫外线吸收剂。
在权利要求15所述的发明中,可以根据层的结构及用途在最有效的层中添加紫外线吸收剂。
权利要求16所述的发明,在权利要求1、2、3、4、5、6或7中所述的发明中,至少由外侧层及利用相对于形成该外侧层的合成树脂互溶性低的合成树脂形成的内侧层构成叠层结构。
利用权利要求16所述的上述结构的预塑件,可以通过双轴拉伸吹塑成形形成的定形的外壳的合成树脂制的外侧层以及与该外侧层可自由剥离的叠层形成内袋的合成树脂制的内侧层构成瓶体,可将其作为脱层瓶使用。
权利要求17所述的发明,在权利要求16所述的发明中,在底壳部,至少在利用吹塑分型金属模的金属模封合部扁平地挤压成形的封合部的整个长度范围内,增加将外侧层与内侧层粘接固定的底部粘接层,构成叠层结构。
利用权利要求17所述的上述结构,由于在遍及底壳部的封合部的整个长度的范围内利用底部粘接层将外侧层和内侧层粘接固定,所以在双轴拉伸吹塑成形时,特别是利用拉伸销进行纵向拉伸时,可以防止封合部的剥离破损,进而,在瓶体上,在由封合部成形的底部密封部的整个长度范围内,利用底部粘接层将外侧层与内侧层牢固地粘接,通过利用可自由剥离的合成树脂材料成形外侧层与内侧层,可以可靠地防止底部密封部的机械强度的下降。
权利要求18所述发明的装置,在权利要求16或权利要求17的发明中,增加将外侧层和内侧层在整个高度的范围内粘接固定用的至少一个纵向带状粘接层,构成叠层结构。
通过将权利要求18所述的上述结构的预塑件进行双轴拉伸成形,利用在整个高度范围内用纵向带状粘接层粘接固定的外侧层和内侧层形成的纵向带状粘接层,在脱层瓶中,可以限制内侧层的作为萎缩变形的沿高度方向的变形,可以抑制内装物的流动通路产生堵塞。
纵向带状粘接层的形成位置、数目,可根据目的及其必要性进行选择,例如,在脱层瓶中,在从底部向外侧层与内侧层之间吸入外部空气将内侧层从外侧层上剥离的结构的情况下,可以选择把粘接层大致形成在分型线上的位置。
通常脱层瓶由这种叠层结构直接利用吹塑法成形,但采用上述权利要求16~18所述结构的吹塑成形的预塑件,通过将其双轴拉伸获得瓶体,可以获得更高强度的瓶体。
权利要求19所述的发明,是一种利用双轴拉伸成形机构形成瓶体的吹塑成形的预塑件,
在瓶口筒部和成形为瓶体筒部的圆筒部之间的位置处,将成形为肩部的扩径筒部构成向下方扩径的锥形筒状,并且,将成形为的底部底壳部构成近似球形壳体状,
在从突出地设于瓶口筒部外周面下部的外周的瓶颈的对向位置附近直到扩径筒部的上端部的范围内的任意位置处的内周面部分上,形成向下方扩径的扩径阶梯部。
权利要求20所述发明的装置,是一种利用双轴拉伸成形机构形成瓶体的吹塑成形的预塑件,
在瓶口筒部和成形为瓶体筒部的圆筒部之间的位置处,将成形为肩部的扩径筒部构成向下方扩径的锥形筒状,并且,将成形为的底部的底壳部构成近似球形壳体状,
将构成圆筒部与球弧状底部的连接部分的下端部扩径成球弧状,形成扩径的下端部。
权利要求21所述的发明,在权利要求20所述的发明中,在从瓶口筒部的外周面下端部沿周向突出设置的瓶颈环对向位置附近至扩径筒部的上端部的范围内的任意位置的内周面部分上,形成向下扩径的扩径阶梯部。
权利要求22所述的发明,在权利要求19、20或21所述的发明中,在与底壳部的封合部对向的下面部分上,突出地设置条状加强肋。
利用权利要求19至权利要求22所述的上述结构,即使是单层结构,在从与瓶颈环对向的位置附近至扩径筒部的上端部部分或者/以及在封合部分不会形成厚度堆积,此外,可以充分提高封合部分的熔接强度。
附图的简单说明
图1是表示本发明的预塑件成形为瓶体的形式的一例,是半纵向剖视的说明图。
图2是表示本发明的预塑件的第一个实施例,是主要部分剖视的总体正视图。
图3是表示本发明的预塑件的第二个实施例,是半纵向剖视的总体正视图。
图4是表示本发明的预塑件的第三个实施例,是部分放大的总体半纵向剖面正视图。
图5是表示由本发明的预塑件的型坯进行成形的形式的一个例子,是纵向剖面说明图。
图6表示本发明的预塑件的第四个实施例以及瓶体,是半纵向剖面说明图。
图7表示本发明的预塑件的叠层结构的一个例子,是部分放大表示的总体半纵向剖面正视图。
图8表示本发明的预塑件的叠层结构的第八个例子,是部分放大地表示的总体半纵向剖面正视图。
图9是沿图8的A-A线的横截面图。
图10表示本发明的预塑件的叠层结构的第八个例子,是部分放大地表示的底面图。
图11是表示在本发明的预塑件的第八个例子中吹塑成形的型坯的成形工序的一种状态的说明图。
实施发明的最佳形式
下面参照附图说明本发明的实施例。
图1是表示将根据本发明的预塑件1’双轴拉伸吹塑成形为瓶体1的成形形式的一个例子的说明图,将预塑件1’向纵向方向及横向方向拉伸成形为瓶体1。
图2是表示由挤压成形的圆筒状型坯P吹塑成有底圆筒状的本发明的预塑件1’的第一个实施例,它是部分剖开的总体正视图,从外周面上设置螺旋条或在外周面下端设置瓶颈环3的短的圆筒状的瓶口筒部2的向下垂直地连接设置向下方扩径的锥形筒状的扩径筒部4’(成形为瓶体1的肩部4的部分),并且从该扩径筒部4’的下端中间经由圆筒状的圆筒部5’(成形为瓶体1的瓶体筒部5的部分)连接设置大致为球形壳状的底壳部7’(成形为瓶体1的底部7的部分),进而,在与瓶颈环3对向的内周面部分上,形成向下扩径的扩径阶梯部3’。
这样,由于在作为瓶口筒部2与成形为瓶体1的肩部4的扩径筒部4’的交界部分的瓶颈环3对向的内周面部分上,形成向下扩径的扩径阶梯部3’,所以在将型坯P吹塑成形为预塑件1’之前,(下面参照图5)将具有空气喷嘴的型芯导向件11塞入到型坯P的上端部内成形瓶口筒部2时,由塞入的型芯导向件11在瓶口筒部2的内周面下端部上形成厚度堆积,但是,这种将会成为厚度堆积的部分被吹塑成形的扩径阶梯部3’吸收,在该瓶口筒部2的内周面下端部分不会成形为厚度堆积。
图3表示本发明的预塑件1’的第二个实施例,是一半纵向剖面总体正视图,从外周面设置螺旋条或外周面下端设置瓶颈环3的短圆筒状的瓶口筒部2的下端,垂直向下地连接设置向下扩径的锥形筒状的扩径筒部4’,并且从该扩径筒部4’的下端中间经由圆筒状的圆筒部5’连接设置近似球形壳状的底壳部7’,进而,将圆筒部5’的下端部扩径成球弧状形成连接到底壳部7’上的扩径下端部6’。
这样,由于将靠近封合部8’位置的底壳部7’连续的圆筒部5’的下端部分作为扩径的扩径下端6’,所以,在吹塑成形时,通过与扩径下端部6’一起,底壳部7’也一直拉伸变形到最后,借此,壁的厚度大的封合部8’也被拉伸很大,该封合部8’不会形成厚度堆积。
图4是表示本发明的预塑件的第三个实施例,它是一半纵向剖视且部分放大地表示的总体正视图,它具有扩径阶梯部3’和扩径下端部6’,在封合部8’的底壳部7’外周面部分上设置具有突出的条状结构的条形加强肋9’。
这样,由于设置扩径阶梯部3’,所以在瓶口筒部2的内周面下端部上不形成厚度堆积,此外,由于设置扩径下端部6’,所以底壳部7’的封合部8’不会起着造成厚度堆积的不良作用,进而,即使在底壳部7’的内周面的封合部8’的部分由于型坯P的熔接不好产生“凹痕”,因此而降低熔接强度,但由于利用条状加强肋9’把下降的熔接强度增强到熔接强度以上,所以在拉伸吹塑成形时,封合部8’不会破裂。
图6是将根据本发明的预塑件1’的第四个实施例以及由该预塑件1’进行双轴拉伸吹塑成形的瓶体1一起表示的说明图。
瓶体1的瓶体筒部的一部分为大的凹状,而且底部也是向内侧凹的形状,将扩径筒部4’,圆筒部5’以及底壳部7’的形状分别制成是将瓶体的肩部4,瓶体筒部5以及底部7的形状大体缩小的形状,并且将预塑件1’制成在双轴拉伸吹塑时纵向延伸比例小的形状。
利用这种预塑件1’的形状,在双轴拉伸吹塑工序中,由于纵向拉伸比例小,所以在用拉伸销进行纵向拉伸后,可以保持相对于各部分的瓶体1缩小的形状,在下一个横拉伸工序中,可以使各部分的延伸比例基本上保持一定,即使对于像本实施形式那样具有大的凹部的形状,也可以忠实地再现其形状,在高的稳定性及良好的成形性的条件下,可以获得壁厚均匀,不会出现后变形的瓶体1。
此外,由于预塑件1’具有扩径阶梯部3’,所以在瓶口筒部2的内周面下端部不会形成厚度堆积,并且,由于底壳部7’和圆筒部5’的下端部形成将要扩径变形和膨胀变形成瓶体1的底部7及瓶体筒部5的下端部的大体缩小的形状,所以抑制了封合部8’的壁厚部分拉伸后产生厚度堆积。
各实施例的预塑件1’,如图7所示的它的一个例子所示,其壁具有叠层结构,由于预塑件1’是吹塑成形制品,所以,叠层结构的成形简单,而且还可以达到高的精度。
本发明的预塑件1’的叠层结构的第一个例子,由于将使用PET的层与使用PEN的层相组合构成,所以,可以有以下多种组合方式,第一,PET制外侧层1a与PEN制内侧层1c的组合,第二,PET制外侧层1a与PEN制中间层1b及PET制内侧层1c的组合,第三,PEN制外侧层1a与PET制内侧层1c的组合,第四,PEN制外侧层1a与PET制中间层1b与PEN制内侧层1c的组合,不管在哪种组合中,在各层之间都可以设置粘接层1d。
为了确保良好的成形性,以及成形制品瓶体的机械特性,所使用的PET的固有粘度(以下称之为IV值)优选的在0.9以上,所使用的PEN的IV值优选的在0.5以上,此外,也可以使用含有共聚物成分的PET系树脂,PEN系树脂,对于非结晶性的PET系树脂优选地使用IV值0.75以上的制品。
所述第一个例子的总体结构,是为了获得不使瓶口附近结晶化且耐热的瓶体,PEN层的厚度在瓶口处占整体的50%以上,在瓶体筒部占整体的50%以下,利用在拉伸吹塑时的热定形赋予其耐热性,但在使用具有共聚物成分的PEN系树脂时,有必要与这种PEN成分相对应地设计瓶口处的厚度,例如,利用含PEN成分为51%的PEN系树脂,在瓶口处,优选地使PEN系树脂制的层的厚度占整体的90%以上。
第一个例子的第一种和第四种结构,由于内侧层1c使用PEN,所以,可以获得耐药品性(耐碱性)高的瓶体,PEN其厚度约1~20%左右即可,并且同样也可以使用有共聚物成分的PEN系树脂。
同时,在第一种例子的全部结构,通过使PEN的厚度为1~20%,可以阻挡370nm以下的紫外线,可以获得阻挡紫外线的功能。
本发明的预塑件1’的叠层结构的第二个例子,是通过将使用PET的外侧层1a及内侧层1c以及使用阻挡气体性树脂的中间层1b组合构成的,其第一种形式为中间层1b是用乙基乙烯醇共聚物制造的,第二,中间层1b是含有苯二甲基的聚酰胺制造的,第三,中间1b是聚丙烯腈制造的,各层之间设置粘接层1d。
所述的第二个例子,在可以获得被赋予了对氧气、二氧化碳气等气体的阻挡性能的瓶体1同时,还能够可靠地获得层与层之间不会剥离的瓶体1,其中,在PET单体中,上述对氧气、二氧化碳气等的阻挡性能是不足的,特别是,为了防止内装物的氧化时,从其效果的观点出发,优选地使用氧透过系数在1cc·mm/(m2·日·大气压)(20℃,相对湿度50%)以下的树脂。
本发明的预塑件1’的叠层结构的第三个例子,是由使用聚乙烯或聚丙烯的外侧层1a,使用乙基乙烯醇共聚物或PET系树脂的内侧层1c用粘接层1d粘接构成的,容纳保持在瓶体1内的内装物的柠檬油,维生素等类有效成分不会被瓶体1吸收。
本发明的预塑件1’的叠层结构的第四个例子,由使用聚乙烯或聚丙烯的外侧层1a,使用作为阻挡气体性的树脂的含有苯二甲基的聚酰胺的中间层1b,使用聚乙烯或聚丙烯的内侧层1c用粘接层1d粘接起来构成,制成具有高的阻挡氧气性能的瓶体1。
本发明的预塑件1’的叠层结构的第五个例子,是由使用尼龙6的外侧层1a和使用聚乙烯或聚丙烯的内侧层1c,用粘接层1d粘接起来构成的,可以提供一种具有高的耐穿刺强度以及高的表面光泽度的薄壁的瓶体1。
本发明的预塑件1’的叠层结构的第六个例子,是使用PET的天然树脂材料的外侧层1a和内侧层1c以及使用PET的再生树脂材料的中间层1b构成的叠层结构,在容易控制层厚的状态下,可以安全地利用再生树脂材料。此外,在分别回收时,可以作为PET单体物质处理。
本发明的预塑件1’的叠层结构的第七个例子,是由在PET中加入防静电剂的外侧层1a,在PET中加入紫外线吸入剂的中间层1b,以及使用PET天然树脂材料的内侧层1c构成的叠层结构,可以有效地防静电,由于添加到中间层内所以不会有紫外线吸收剂的渗漏损失,并且与添加剂的添加无关,可以安全地容纳内装物。
图8~图11表示本发明的预塑件的叠层结构的第八个例子,这是一种由以下各层构成叠层结构的预塑件,所述各层分别为:利用聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯等合成树脂材料作为具有所必须的保持自身形状的能力的外壳体成形的外侧层1a,利用尼龙、乙基乙烯醇共聚物等相对于聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯的外侧层1a互溶性低的合成树脂材料成形为可自由弯曲变形的袋状的内侧层1c以及用对外侧层1a与内侧层1c具有足够的粘接性的粘接性树脂形成的纵向带状粘接层13、底部粘接层14。
纵向带状粘接层13在分型线23上的位置处形成一对,共两条(参照图8,图9)。
底部粘接层14在封合部8’的周边,底壳部7’的一部分上以一定的宽度形成,在封合部8’处,外侧层1a与内侧层1c借助底部粘接层14粘接固定,以封合部8’为边界在相互位于反向侧的外侧层1a彼此之间中间经由底部粘接层14及内侧层1c成一整体。(参见图8,图10)
在通过将该预塑件1’进行双轴拉伸吹塑成形,用互溶性低的合成树脂形成的外侧层1a与内侧层1c可自由剥离地构成的瓶体1中,可以利用底部粘接层14可靠地防止由封合部8’成形的底部密封部的机械强度的降低,同时,对于随着内装物的倒出向内部萎缩变形的内侧层1c的变形,通过利用轴对称地形成的一对、两个纵向带状粘接层13,在横贯瓶体1的整个高度范围内将外侧层1a和内侧层1c粘接固定,利用所形成的纵向带状粘接带限制其高度方向的萎缩变形,抑制内装物流动通路产生闭塞,提供一种内装物的倒出一直可持续到最后的脱层瓶(瓶体1)。
这种具有纵向带状粘接层13,底部粘接层14的预塑件1’,可以通过以下工序获得。(参照图11)即,将圆筒状的外侧层1a,位于外侧层1a的内侧的圆筒状的内侧层1c,在外侧层1a与内侧层1c之间、分型线23上的一对纵向带状粘接层13以及在该外侧层1a与内侧层1c之间间歇式的圆环状的环行粘接层16从多层成形用模具22中共同挤压,形成多层的型坯P。
相对于连续的共同挤压成形的外侧层1a与内侧层1c和一对纵向带状粘接层13而言,借助附设在环状粘接层16用的树脂供应部上的储压器的加压及除压的控制,环状粘接层16不是被连续的、而是被部分地共同挤压成形的。
这样,利用吹塑分型金属模10的金属模封合部21将形成在多层型坯P上的环状粘接层16的部分封合,通过吹塑成形,该环状粘接层16形成本发明的预塑件1’的叠层结构的第八个例子的说明中所述的底部粘接层14。
此外,利用上述预塑件的双轴拉伸吹塑成形,与利用直接吹塑法所获得的瓶体1相比较,通过拉伸,可以获得强度更高的瓶体1,特别是利用聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯系树脂,其效果十分显著。
这时,拉伸吹塑成形中的拉伸倍率可以根据目的和必要性,进一步从构成叠层结构的各种树脂的共同拉伸性选择决定,为了防止纵向拉伸造成的底部破裂,可以将纵向拉伸倍率设定得较小。
发明的效果
本发明由于具有上述结构,可以产生以下效果。由于在成形为瓶体的肩部以及/或者成形为瓶体的底部的部分上不形成厚度堆积,所以,能够以高的壁厚尺寸精度成形整个瓶体,借此,不会产生不良的畸变,可以获得具有良好的外观形状的瓶体。
由于使圆筒部拉伸变形进行成形,并且将底壳部制成扩径的形状,所以在双轴拉伸吹塑成形为瓶体时,可以获得高的成形稳定性,此外,由于为了成形底部可以给于足够的拉伸量,从而能够可靠地成形为具有底座功能的底部。
通过把壁制成叠层结构,在能够可靠地获得有效发挥所述的物理性质和功能的同时,由于它是吹塑成形制品,所以,与注塑成形相比,可以简单地完成叠层结构的成形。
在权利要求2所述的发明中,由于将底壳部制成近似球弧形壳体状,所以利用简单的金属模就可以获得各向同性的扩径变形形状,特别是在具有大致各向同性的横截面形状的底部的瓶体中,成形造成的畸变不会恶化瓶体的外观形状,同时也不会降低底部所起的底座的能力。
在权利要求4所述的发明中,由于把底壳部制成近似球形弧状,并且将圆筒部的下端扩径成球形弧状的扩径下端部,所以利用简单的金属模形状就可以获得各向同性扩径的底壳部及圆筒部的下端部,特别是在具有大致各向同性的横截面形状的底部的瓶体中,底部沿周向被基本上均匀地充分拉伸成形,由于成形造成的畸变不会恶化瓶的外观形状,底部发挥底座的能力也不会下降。
在权利要求6所述的发明中,由于预塑件的形状的一部分或其全部是瓶体大致缩小的形状,所以,在双轴拉伸吹塑成形中使拉伸倍率更加均匀,借此,即使是非各向同性大的瓶体或有大的凹凸形状的瓶体等形状复杂的瓶体,在高的稳定性和良好的成形性的条件下,可以获得壁厚均匀变形小的瓶体。
在权利要求7所述的发明中,由于可靠且强有力地增强伴随着熔接不好产生凹痕引起的封合部的熔接强度不足,充分提高封合部的熔接强度以及防止层间剥离的效果,所以可以安全且良好地完成由预塑件向瓶体的双轴拉伸吹塑成形。
在权利要求8所述的发明中,通过将PEN系树脂层组合到PET系树脂层上,可以有效地增强耐热性,耐药品性,紫外线遮挡特性等PET系树脂不足的物理性质。
权利要求9所述的发明中,通过使用阻挡气体性树脂作为中间层,可以获得提高在PET系树脂单体中不足的对氧、二氧化碳等的阻挡性能。
在权利要求10所述的发明中,通过使用乙基乙烯醇聚共聚物作为内侧层,可以有效地防止容纳在瓶体内的内装物的有效成分中柠檬油、维生素等的吸附。
在权利要求11所述的发明中,通过使用阻挡气体性树脂作为中间层,可以获得阻挡氧的特性优异的聚烯烃系树脂的瓶体。
在权利要求12所述的发明中,由于用尼龙系树脂作为外侧层,所以可以获得具有高的耐穿刺强度、高的表面光泽性的瓶体。
在权利要求13所述的发明中,通过由使用天然树脂材料的外侧层和内侧层以及使用再生树脂材料的中间层构成叠层结构,可以安心地使用再生树脂材料。
在权利要求14所述的发明中,由于在外侧层内添加防静电剂,所以利用少量的添加剂,就可以有效地、特别是防止存在带电性问题的外侧表面上带静电。
在权利要求15所述的发明中,根据层的结构和用途可以在最有效的层中添加防紫外线添加剂。
在权利要求16所述的发明中,通过用外侧层,以及与形成该外侧层的树脂互溶性低的合成树脂形成的内侧层构成叠层结构,可以形成由构成定形外壳的合成树脂制的外侧层及与该外侧层可自由剥离地叠层的形成内袋的合成树脂制的内侧层构成的瓶体,可以作为脱层瓶使用。
在权利要求17所述的发明中,通过在预塑件部的整个长度的范围内,加有将外侧层与内侧层粘接固定的底部粘接层构成叠层结构,可以防止纵向拉伸时封合部的剥离破损,并且在脱层瓶中能够可靠地防止底部密封部的机械强度的降低。
在权利要求18所述的发明中,通过增加在整个高度范围内把外侧层与内侧层粘接固定用的纵向带状粘接层构成叠层结构,在脱层瓶中,可以限制内侧层的萎缩变形在高度方向上的变形,可以抑制造成内装物的流动通路产生闭塞。
在权利要求19至权利要求22所述的发明中,即使是单层结构,从与瓶颈环对向的位置附近至扩径筒部上端部的部分或/以及封合部分不会形成厚度堆积,并且可以提高封合部的熔接强度。

Claims (22)

1.一种合成树脂制双轴拉伸吹塑成形瓶体成形用的预塑件,它是一种利用双轴延伸吹塑成形装置成形为瓶体(1)的吹塑成形的预塑件(1’),其特征在于,在瓶口筒部(2)与成形瓶体筒部(5)的圆筒部(5’)之间的位置处,将成形为肩部(4)的扩径筒部(4’)构成向下方扩径的锥形筒状,并且将成形底部(7)的底壳部(7’)借助对型坯(P)的吹塑成形使成形该底壳部(7’)的部分构成扩径变形的形状,从与沿圆周突出地设置在前述瓶口筒部(2)的外周面下端的瓶颈环(3)对向的位置附近起直至扩径筒部(4’)的上端部的范围内的任意位置的内周面部分上形成向下扩径的扩径阶梯部(3’),将壁制成叠层结构。
2.如权利要求1所述的合成树脂制双轴拉伸吹塑成形瓶体用的预塑件,其特征在于,将成形为底部(7)的底壳部(7’)制成近似球弧状壳体的形状。
3.一种合成树脂制双轴拉伸吹塑成形瓶体成形用的预塑件,它是一种利用双轴延伸吹塑成形装置成形为瓶体(1)的吹塑成形的预塑件(1’),其特征在于,在瓶口筒部(2)与成形瓶体筒部(5)的圆筒部(5’)之间的位置处,将成形为肩部(4)的扩径筒部(4’)构成向下方扩径的锥形筒状,并且将成形底部(7)的底壳部(7’)借助对型坯(P)的吹塑成形使成形该底壳部(7’)的部分构成扩径变形的形状,在构成前述圆筒部(5’)与底壳部(7’)的连接部分的下端部,将该圆筒部(5’)的直径向下方扩径而作为扩径的下端部(6’),将壁制成叠层结构。
4.如权利要求3所述的合成树脂制双轴拉伸吹塑成形瓶体成形用的预塑件,其特征在于,将成形为底部(7)的底壳部(7’)制成近似球形弧状壳体的形状,将构成圆筒部(5’)与底壳部(7’)的连接部的下端部扩径成球弧状,作为扩径下端部(6’)。
5.如权利要求3或4所述的合成树脂制双轴拉伸吹塑成形瓶体成形用的预塑件,其特征在于,在从沿周向突出地设置在瓶口筒部(2)的外周面下端的瓶颈环(3)对向的位置附近至扩径筒部(4’)的上端部的范围内的任意位置的内周面部分上,形成向下方扩径的扩径阶梯部(3’)。
6.如权利要求1、2、3、4或5所述的合成树脂制双轴拉伸吹塑成形瓶体成形用的预塑件,其特征在于,将预塑件(1’)的扩径筒部(4’),圆筒部(5’)及底壳部(7’)至少其中一个部位的形状,分别制成瓶体(1)的肩部(4)、瓶体筒部(5)及底部(7)的大体缩小的形状。
7.如权利要求1、2、3、4、5或6所述的合成树脂制双轴拉伸吹塑成形瓶体成形用的预塑件,其特征在于,在底壳部(7’)与封合部(8’)对向的下面部分上突出的设置条状加强肋(9’)。
8.如权利要求1、2、3、4、5、6或7所述的合成树脂制双轴拉伸吹塑成形瓶体成形用的预塑件,其特征在于,至少由使用聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯系树脂的层与使用萘二甲酸乙二醇酯系树脂的层构成叠层结构。
9.如权利要求1、2、3、4、5、6或7所述的合成树脂制双轴拉伸吹塑成形瓶体成形用的预塑件,其特征在于,至少由使用聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯系树脂的外侧层(1a)和内侧层(1c)以及使用阻挡气体性树脂的中间层(1b)构成叠层结构。
10.如权利要求1、2、3、4、5、6或7所述的合成树脂制双轴拉伸吹塑成形瓶体成形用的预塑件,其特征在于,至少由使用聚乙烯或聚丙烯的外侧层(1a)和使用乙基乙烯醇共聚物或使用聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯系树脂的内侧层(1c)构成叠层结构。
11.如权利要求1、2、3、4、5、6或7所述的合成树脂制双轴拉伸吹塑成形瓶体成形用的预塑件,其特征在于,至少使用由使用聚乙烯或聚丙烯的外侧层(1a),使用阻挡气体性树脂的中间层(1b)以及使用聚乙烯或聚丙烯的内侧层(1c)构成叠层结构。
12.如权利要求1、2、3、4、5、6或7所述的合成树脂制双轴拉伸吹塑成形瓶体成形用的预塑件,其特征在于,至少由使用尼龙系树脂的外侧层(1a),使用聚乙烯或聚丙烯的内侧层(1c)构成叠层结构。
13.如权利要求1、2、3、4、5、6或7所述的合成树脂制双轴拉伸吹塑成形瓶体成形用的预塑件,其特征在于,至少由使用天然树脂材料的外侧层(1a)和内侧层(1c),以及使用再生树脂材料的中间层(1b)构成叠层结构。
14.如权利要求1、2、3、4、5、6或7所述的合成树脂制双轴拉伸吹塑成形瓶体成形用的预塑件,其特征在于,在叠层结构的外侧层(1a)内添加防静电剂。
15.如权利要求1、2、3、4、5、6或7所述的合成树脂制双轴拉伸吹塑成形瓶体成形用的预塑件,其特征在于,至少在叠层结构中的一个层内添加紫外线吸收剂。
16.如权利要求1、2、3、4、5、6或7所述的合成树脂制双轴拉伸吹塑成形瓶体成形用的预塑件,其特征在于,至少由外侧层(1a)以及相对于形成该外侧层(1a)的合成树脂互溶性低的合成树脂形成的内侧层(1c)构成叠层结构。
17.如权利要求16所述的合成树脂制双轴拉伸吹塑成形瓶体成形用的预塑件,其特征在于,在底壳部(7’)上,在横贯至少利用吹塑分型金属模(10)的金属模封合部(21)扁平地挤压成形的封合部(8’)的全部长度的范围内外加粘接固定前述外侧层(1a)与内侧层(1c)底部粘接层(14)构成叠层结构。
18.如权利要求16或17所述的合成树脂制双轴拉伸吹塑成形瓶体成形用的预塑件,其特征在于,其外加至少一条将外侧层(1a)和内侧层(1c)在整个高度范围内粘接固定的纵向带状粘接层(13)构成叠层结构。
19.一种合成树脂制双轴拉伸吹塑成形瓶体成形用的预塑件,它是一种利用双轴拉伸吹塑成形装置成形瓶体(1)的吹塑成形预塑件(1’),其特征在于,在瓶口筒部(2)与成形瓶体筒部(5)的圆筒部(5’)中间的位置处,将成形为肩部(4)的扩径筒部(4’)构成向下方扩径的锥形筒状,并且将成形底部(7)的底壳部(7’)构成近似球弧形壳体状,从沿周向突出地设置在前述瓶口筒部(2)的外周面下端上的瓶颈环(3)对向的位置附近起直至扩径筒部(4’)的上端部的范围内任意位置处的内周面部分上形成向下方扩径的扩径阶梯部(3’)。
20.合成树脂制双轴拉伸吹塑成形瓶体成形用的预塑件,它是一种利用双轴拉伸吹塑成形装置成形瓶体(1)的吹塑成形预塑件(1),其特征在于,在瓶口筒部(2)与成形瓶体筒部(5)的圆筒部(5’)中间的位置处,将成形为肩部(4)的扩径筒部(4’)构成向下方扩径的锥形筒状,将成为前述圆筒部(5’)与球弧状底壳部(7’)的连接部分的下端部扩径成球弧状,作为扩径下端部(6’)。
21.如权利要求20所述的合成树脂制双轴拉伸吹塑成形瓶体成形用的预塑件,从沿周向突出地设置在瓶口筒部(2)的外周面下端的瓶颈环(3)对向的位置附近起直至扩径筒部(4’)的上端部的范围内的任意位置的内周面部分上形成向下方扩径的扩径阶梯部(3’)。
22.如权利要求19、20或21所述的合成树脂制双轴拉伸吹塑成形瓶体成形用的预塑件,在与底壳部(7’)的封合部(8’)对向的下面部分上突出地设置条状加强肋(9’)。
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