CN1675048A - 二轴延伸吹炼成形瓶体的一次成形件的口颈部的热结晶化方法以及该方法中所用的夹具 - Google Patents

二轴延伸吹炼成形瓶体的一次成形件的口颈部的热结晶化方法以及该方法中所用的夹具 Download PDF

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CN1675048A
CN1675048A CNA038196824A CN03819682A CN1675048A CN 1675048 A CN1675048 A CN 1675048A CN A038196824 A CNA038196824 A CN A038196824A CN 03819682 A CN03819682 A CN 03819682A CN 1675048 A CN1675048 A CN 1675048A
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neck portion
mouth neck
ring
prominent ring
once
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上杉大辅
饭村好宏
平泽津忠雄
河原幸朗
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Yoshino Kogyosho Co Ltd
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Abstract

一种使一次成形件的口颈部(4)热结晶化的方法，它是将具有口颈部(4)、以聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯为主体的树脂制成的一次成形件的口颈部(4)热结晶化的方法，其特征在于，在所述口颈部(4)，在口颈部(4)的上部形成螺旋条(8)、在该螺旋条(8)下方形成具有突环(6)的功能部(5)，在口颈部(4)的下端形成颈环(7)；该方法，加热该口颈部(4)，加热后，从外将保持着可热变形的温度的突环(6)紧固，在密封性允许变形尺寸范围成形所述突环(6)。所述一次成形件(1)最好具有含有至少1层以聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯为主体的树脂层(2)、至少1层气体隔离材料层(3)的层叠结构，最好将突环(6)相对于刚结束加热后的突环(6)的外径紧固0.1mm至0.4mm。并且，提供该方法中使用的夹具(13)。

Description

二轴延伸吹炼成形瓶体的一次成形件的口颈部的 热结晶化方法以及该方法中所用的夹具
技术领域
本发明涉及单层或将气体隔离材料层叠的二轴延伸吹炼成形瓶体的一次成形件的口颈部的热结晶化方法以及一次成形件的口颈部的热结晶化方法中所用的夹具。
背景技术
近年来考虑到成本等，聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯树脂(以下也称为PET树脂)等的二轴延伸吹炼成形瓶体逐渐薄壁化。在薄壁化的瓶体中，为了延长充填在瓶体内部的饮料等的保鲜寿命，对气体隔离性提出了更高的要求。
针对这样的要求，要么成形具有PET树脂/气体隔离材料/PET树脂的层叠结构的瓶体成形用的一次成形件(以下也称为预成形件)，或注射成形将尼龙(MXD-6)等气体隔离材料混合在PET树脂内的一次成形件，通过将其二轴延伸吹炼成形，对二次成形件、即瓶体赋予气体隔离性。
成形的预成形件(一次成形件)首先将PET从调节为规定的注射压力的注塑机的喷嘴注射到空腔内，然后，将气体隔离材料从喷嘴注射到空腔内的PET树脂之间，再度将调节为规定的注射压力的PET树脂注射到空腔内，形成层叠结构。
PET树脂及气体隔离材料在空腔内的流动性，因注塑机的温度、注射压力、注射速度、树脂与气体隔离材料的粘度差、树脂的水分率、歧管的温度等各种因素而变化，尤其是温度的影响很大。因此，即使限定了注塑机的设定温度，也难以精密地控制注塑机内的树脂及气体隔离材料的温度。气体隔离材料层因为注射压力、注射速度、温度等诸多条件的变动而引起的微妙的流动性的变化，使预成形件成形时，在口颈部的圆周上，成为气体隔离材料层的流动端部的前缘的一部分不正确地位于设定位置的口颈部的端部侧前缘的其他部分不正确地位于筒部侧。
注射成形后的预成形件的口颈部是在二轴延伸吹炼成形时不被延伸的部分，二轴延伸吹炼成形后的壁厚比其他部位的厚，尤其是不需要设置气体隔离材料层，具有足够的气体隔离性。
为了使二轴延伸吹炼成形瓶体发挥足够的气体隔离性，至少需要在成形的瓶体的肩部及筒部存在气体隔离材料层。因此，预成形件成形时，将气体隔离材料层的前缘设定在口颈部的颈环的位置，进行成形预成形件。换言之，在预成形件中，以气体隔离材料层处于颈环及其下方的形态成形预成形件。
但是，如上所述，注射成形时难以精密地限定气体隔离材料层的前缘的位置，即使将口颈部的颈环位置作为前缘的设定位置进行注射成形的情况下，在口颈部的圆周上，也会有一部分前缘到达构成口颈部的功能部的突环(也称为カブラ)的情况。换言之，在预成形件中，存在气体隔离材料层处于颈环上方的情况。
使用二轴延伸吹炼成形瓶体作为耐热瓶体的场合，二轴延伸吹炼成形时，需要使未延伸的口颈部白化(热结晶化)。当将形成PET树脂层和气体隔离材料层的层叠结构的预成形件进行热结晶化处理时，因存在于口颈部的气体隔离材料层与PET树脂层的结晶化度的差异，使收缩率产生差异，收缩减小，预成形件存在口颈部比设定值大的问题。
另外，由于无法精密地限定气体隔离材料层的前缘的位置，因而当前缘在口颈部的圆周上以倾斜的状态注射成形时，存在因气体隔离材料层与PET树脂层的结晶化度的差异引起的收缩率的差异，口颈部容易变形为椭圆形的问题。
尤其是，当口颈部的功能部没有按设定尺寸成形时，则会发生盖子密封不良及盖子的螺合不良等的问题。另外，即使在聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯单层的瓶体中，由于注射成形时的树脂流动性而可能出现不易形成口颈部形状的情况，因而存在原本应该成为圆形的口颈部形状变为椭圆形状的问题。
为此，本发明是为了解决上述传统技术中的问题而提出的，其在单层的二轴延伸吹炼成形瓶体的一次成形件或为了补充吹炼成形瓶体的气体隔离性而设置气体隔离材料从而构成层叠结构的二轴延伸吹炼成形瓶体的一次成形件中，通过热结晶化处理将加热结束后的突环紧固，以防止口颈部的功能部变形，并以此作为技术课题，其目的在于提供一种能确保结晶化处理后的口颈部的功能部的密封性的二轴延伸吹炼成形瓶体的一次成形件的口颈部的热结晶化方法及该方法中所用的夹具。
发明内容
为解决上述技术课题，本发明提供一种使一次成形件的口颈部热结晶化的方法，它是将具有口颈部(4)、以聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯为主体的树脂制成的一次成形件的口颈部(4)热结晶化的方法，在所述口颈部，在口颈部的上部形成螺旋条、在该螺旋条下方形成具有突环的功能部；在口颈部的下端形成颈环；该方法，加热该口颈部，加热后，从外将保持着可热变形的温度的突环紧固，在密封性允许变形尺寸范围内成形所述突环。
上述结构，在注射成形后的一次成形件的口颈部，对加热结束后的突环进行紧固，在密封性允许变形尺寸范围内形成突环的外径。
另外，通过紧固突环，还可防止突环的椭圆变形，故可通过热结晶化处理，可消除与盖子的螺合不良、密封不良。
所述一次成形件较好具有包括至少1层以聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯为主体的树脂层、至少1层气体隔离材料层的层叠结构。
上述结构，即使例如气体隔离材料层的一部分前缘位于颈环上方，也可通过紧固突环，防止突环变形，使突环的外径在密封性允许变形尺寸范围内形成。
相对于刚结束加热后的突环的外径，较好将突环紧固0.1mm至0.4mm。
当相对于刚结束加热后的突环的外径，将突环紧固0.1mm至0.4mm的话，则在不改变保持着热变形的温度的状态的突环外形的情况下，可使突环在密封性允许变形尺寸范围内成形。
最好刚结束加热经过10秒至40秒后，开始突环的紧固。
刚结束加热后的口颈部处在保持容易热变形的高温的状态，容易缩小突环的直径。但是，当在这样高温状态下紧固突环时，紧固结束后、口颈部的气体隔离材料层和PET树脂层也会过度结晶化，过度收缩。因此，难以使突环在密封性允许变形尺寸范围内成形。另外，突环与颈环之间产生空隙(ずぐみ)变形，导致口颈部弯曲。
若刚结束加热经过10秒至40秒后，开始紧固突环的话，则突环具有突环可热变形且可在密封性允许变形尺寸范围内成形的温度。
最好将突环紧固3秒至15秒。
若将突环紧固3秒至15秒，则在生产线上，在热结晶化处理工序中能合理地设定紧固工序。
根据本发明的其他观点，一种将以聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯为主体的树脂制的一次成形件的口颈部进行热结晶化的方法中所用的夹具，在口颈部，在口颈部的上部形成螺旋条，在该螺旋条下方形成突环，在口颈部的下端形成颈环，
该夹具由圆筒、圆筒内的活塞杆构成，
该圆筒具有缩径部、在下端朝外扩大的锥部，
该缩径部具有比刚结束加热后保持着可热变形的温度的状态的突环的外径小0.1mm至0.4mm的直径，
所述活塞杆与所述口颈部的上端部抵接，以避免一次成形件被提起。
通过上述结构，利用比刚结束加热后的突环的外径小0.1mm至0.4mm的缩径部，可在不使突环外形变化的情况下，从外紧固突环。
由于在圆筒的端部设有朝外扩大的锥部，故圆筒的端部与突环以外的部分接触，能在不使口颈部的外形变化的情况下，将可热变形温度的口颈部嵌入圆筒内。
另外，在圆筒内设有活塞杆，因而将该活塞杆与口颈部的端部抵接，可避免一次成形件被提起。
上述夹具也可适用于具有在以聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯为主体的树脂层(2)内，至少包含1层气体隔离材料层(3)的层叠结构的一次成形件。
通过对这样的一次成形件使用上述夹具，将口颈部嵌入具有比刚结束加热后的突环的外径小0.1mm至0.4mm的内径部的夹具的圆筒内，可在不使突环外形变化、保持一次成形件成形时的突环形状的情况下，用圆筒的内径部从外紧固突环。
附图的简单说明
图1是显示本发明的预成形件的一实施例的、包括局部纵向剖视图的整体主视图。
图2是显示本发明的一实施例的、二轴延伸吹炼成形瓶体的一次成形件的热结晶化方法的工序图。
图3是表示嵌入一次成形件的夹具的剖视图。
图4是表示没有夹具的状态及嵌入具有各内径部的夹具时的各突环外径的图。
图5是表示没有夹具的状态及嵌入具有各内径部的夹具时的各突环外径的下面的外径的图。
图6是表示没有夹具的状态及嵌入具有各内径部的夹具时的各突环外径的椭圆度的图。
图7是表示没有夹具的状态及嵌入具有各内径部的夹具时的各突环下面的椭圆度的图。
具体实施方式
以下，参照附图对本发明的实施例进行说明。
图1表示包括二轴延伸吹炼成形瓶体的一次成形件、即预成形件1的局部纵向剖视图的侧视图。图示的预成形件1是具有PET树脂层2、气体隔离材料层3、PET树脂层2的层叠结构，但本发明并不局限于该结构。
本发明中，“PET”只要是以PET为主体的树脂即可，也可混合有其他物质。
本例中，考虑到与PET树脂的粘度差及结晶化速度差等以及气体隔离性等，气体隔离材料使用了含有间苯二甲基二胺聚酰胺(商品名称MXD-6、(三菱气体化学(株式会社)产))。但是，本发明并不局限于此。
如图1所示，一次成形件1由口颈部4、肩部9、圆筒形的筒部10、底部11构成。该口颈部4具有位于其上部的功能部5、位于其下端部的颈环7。该功能部5在其上部外周面形成螺旋条8，在其下端部形成突环(ビ-ドリング)(也称为カブラ)6。突环6朝外突出。
以气体隔离材料层3的上端、即前缘3a在容器的轴向位于颈环7的中心的状态形成一次成形件1。即，前缘3a的设定位置在容器的轴向处于颈环7的中心。
气体隔离材料层3的前缘3a的位置，因注塑机的温度、注射压力、注射速度、PET树脂与气体隔离材料的粘度差、PET树脂的水分率、歧管的温度等各种因素而变化。因此，难以将前缘3a精密地定位在所述设定位置上。例如，在图1的右端，前缘3a有时不正确地位于所述设定位置的上方，在径向的相反侧(图1的左端)，位于颈环7所述设定位置，图1中，虚线所示的前缘3a倾斜分布。
当将前缘3a没有正确定位的一次成形件1的口颈部4进行热结晶化处理后，因收缩率的差异，加热结束后口颈部不收缩至设定尺寸，具有比设定尺寸值大的趋势。而且，当前缘3a处于不正确的位置时，具有口颈部4的横截面成为椭圆形的趋势。
接着，对为了赋予耐热性而对一次成形件1的口颈部4进行热结晶化处理的方法进行说明。图2是表示对口颈部4进行热结晶化处理的方法的工序。
如图2所示，热结晶化处理由(A)加热工序、(B)慢冷工序、(C)紧固工序、(D)慢冷工序构成。首先，在(A)加热工序中，将支承于支承台18的一次成形件1的口颈部4放入加热炉12内，加热至规定温度，使口颈部4热结晶化。在(B)的慢冷工序中，将加热预成形件从加热炉12取出，在室温下慢冷10～40秒、例如20秒。在(C)紧固工序中，将慢冷后的口颈部4嵌入夹具13的圆筒14内，将一次成形件1的突环6紧固3～15秒、例如5秒。在(D)的慢冷工序中，将圆筒14从突环6上取下，在室温下将一次成形件1慢冷规定时间，结束热结晶化处理。
图3是所述热结晶化处理中所用的夹具13的放大图，如图3(a)及图3(b)所示，夹具13由圆筒14和设置在该圆筒内14的活塞17构成，其中，该圆筒14包括：嵌入一次成形件1的口颈部4的圆筒14；相对于刚结束加热后的突环6的外径X、内径形成为例如(X-0.2)mm、(X-0.3)mm或(X-0.4)mm的内径部15、以及在端部设有的锥部16。图中的18是支承一次成形件1的支承台。
在所述(C)工序中，拉下圆筒14，将突环6推入缩径部15内。利用缩径部15紧固突环6，使突环6在密封性允许变形尺寸范围内形成。
在所述(D)工序中，使活塞17下降并与口颈部4的上端部抵接，并提起圆筒14，以使一次成形件1不跟随圆筒14的提起而被抬起。
由于在圆筒14的端部设有锥部16，故圆筒14的端部不与口颈部4接触，能顺畅地将口颈部4嵌入圆筒14内或取出。
如上所述，圆筒14的缩径部15的内径，比刚结束加热后的突环6的外径X稍小，为(X-0.1)mm～(X-0.4)mm。当缩径部15大于(X-0.1)mm(例如(X-0.05)mm)时，缩径部15与刚结束加热后的突环6的外径没有什么差异，因而有可能无法进行良好的紧固。而当缩径部15小于(X-0.4)mm(例如，(X-0.5)mm)时，会因缩径部15而压坏突环6，有可能导致突环6变形。因为锥部16朝向圆筒14的下端向外扩大，故将可热变形状态的口颈部4嵌入圆筒14内时，螺旋条8和突环6等与圆筒14的端部接触，螺旋条8和突环6不变形。
在所述工序(B)中，口颈部4被慢冷，但在步骤(C)中，具有突环6的口颈部4保持可热变形的温度。因此，在工序(C)中，可使突环6在密封性允许变形尺寸范围内形成。在这样的情况下，口颈部4嵌入夹具13内，将突环6放入缩径部15内，紧固突环6，由此，突环6在密封性允许变形尺寸范围内形成。只要在刚结束加热后经过10秒至40秒后，就可毫无问题地紧固突环。
在工序(C)中，突环6放入缩径部15内3秒至15秒。这是因为处于在生产线上，在热结晶化处理工序中能合理地设定紧固工序的时间范围内的缘故。
以下是本发明的实施例及比较例。准备了3个夹具13。突环6刚加热后具有直径X。1号夹具具有直径为(X-0.2)mm的缩径部15。2号夹具具有直径为(X-0.3)mm的缩径部15。3号夹具具有直径为(X-0.4)mm的缩径部15。所述工序(C)中，各个突环6由各个夹具13紧固。在比较例中没有使用夹具。加热后的预成形件在工序(B)中慢冷20秒，在工序(C)中紧固5秒。
图4显示了由此得到的各突环6的外径。
图5显示了由此得到的突环6的下部(突环6与颈环7之间)的外径。
如图4所示，没有使用夹具13时，突环6的外径大于设定尺寸值。
如图4所示，缩径部15的直径越小，紧固后的突环6的直径也就越小。其结果，突环6的外径接近设定尺寸值，可在密封性允许变形尺寸范围内形成。
如图5所示，没有使用夹具13时，突环6的下面的外径大于设定尺寸值。当缩径部15的直径小时，紧固后的突环6的下面的直径也变小。其结果，突环6的下面的外径接近设定尺寸值，突环6可在密封性允许变形尺寸范围内形成。
对突环6以外的口颈部4的其他部位的尺寸变化进行了调查。对于颈环7，在分别利用了上述夹具13的情况下的颈环7的外径，与没有使用夹具的情况下的颈环7的外径实质上是相同的。对于螺旋条8，嵌入圆筒14内，利用了对突环6进行紧固的上述各种夹具13的情况下的螺旋条的外径，比没有使用夹具时的螺旋条8的外径稍大，但不影响与盖子的螺合及密封性。
在上述实施例及比较例中，测量了椭圆度。图6表示突环6外周的椭圆度。图7表示突环6的下面的椭圆度。
“椭圆度”是突环6的“径向最短轴”除以“径向最长轴”得到的商。椭圆度越小越接近满圆，可防止变形。
如图6所示，没有使用夹具13时，突环6的椭圆度在0.05以上。这意味着突环6的横截面形状为椭圆。相比之下，利用夹具13时，缩径部15的内径越小，突环6的椭圆度变小。用具有(X-0.4)mm的缩径部15的夹具13紧固突环6时，突环6的椭圆度为0.03。因此，确认了当紧固突环6时，突环6接近圆，可防止突环6变形这一情况。
另外，如图7所示，没有使用夹具时，突环6下面的椭圆度约为0.08。相比之下，用(X-0.4)mm的缩径部15紧固突环6时，突环6下面的椭圆度未满0.05。这意味着突环6的横截面形状接近圆，通过内径部15的紧固，可防止突环6的变形。
从以上结果可见，将加热后的口颈部4慢冷20秒，利用夹具13将保持着可热变形温度的突环6紧固5秒，即使气体隔离材料层3的前缘3a处于靠近突环6的情况下，也可防止突环6的变形，使突环6的外径处于密封允许变形尺寸范围内，能确保良好的盖子螺合性和密封性。
适合用于气体隔离材料的材料有含有间苯二甲基二胺的聚酰胺(商品名称MXD-6)、乙烯·乙烯醇共聚物(EVOH)等气体隔离性树脂。另外，也包括气体隔离性树脂等脂肪族尼龙及芳香族尼龙的基质(マトリツクス)中，以包含过渡性金属类催化剂(例如Co、Fe、Mn、Ni、Ti)的无机酸盐或有机酸盐的络盐的形态一般使用的氧吸收树脂。另外，也可含有聚烯烃低聚物。
上述实施形态中，一次成形件(预成形件)具有PET/气体隔离材料/PET的3层结构(2种不同的材料)，但本发明并不局限于此。一次成形件也可是将气体隔离材料混合后的PET/PET/将气体隔离材料混合后的PET。或一次成形件也可是PET/气体隔离材料/PET(包括使用再生材料的情况)/气体隔离材料/PET的5层结构(2种或3种不同的材料)。另外，上述实施形态中，一次成形件具有层叠结构，但单层结构的一次成形件，因注射成形时树脂的流动性，有时不易形成口颈部形状，本发明也可适用于这样的单层结构。
本发明具有上述结构，故具有以下效果。
采用本发明，在注射成形后的一次成形件的口颈部，将加热结束后的突环紧固，使突环在密封性允许变形尺寸范围内成形，在确保良好的密封性、盖子螺合性的状态下，可进行二轴延伸吹炼成形瓶体的一次成形件的口颈部的热结晶化处理。
即使气体隔离材料层的前缘的一部分位于颈环的上方，通过对突环紧固，可防止突环的变形，使突环的外径在密封性允许变形尺寸范围内形成。
对于刚结束加热后的突环的外径，当对突环紧固0.1mm至0.4mm，则在不改变保持着热变形的温度的状态的突环外形的情况下可使突环在密封性允许变形尺寸范围内成形。
若刚结束加热经过10秒至40秒后，开始紧固突环的话，则突环具有突环可热变形且可在密封性允许变形尺寸范围内成形的温度。
若刚结束加热结束经过10秒至40秒后，开始紧固突环的话，则突环具有突环可热变形且可在密封性允许变形尺寸范围内成形的温度。
若将突环紧固3秒至15秒，则在生产线上，在热结晶化处理工序中能合理地设定紧固工序。
采用本发明的夹具，因对保持着可热变形的温度的突环进行紧固，故可在不改变突环外形的情况下可靠地使突环在密封允许设定尺寸范围内成形。
夹具通过锥部可圆滑地嵌入突环，而且，由活塞杆支承一次成形件的口颈部，能顺利地将夹具从一次成形件取下。
通过对层叠结构的一次成形件使用上述夹具，将口颈部嵌入具有比刚结束加热后的突环的外形小0.1mm至0.4mm的内径部的夹具的圆筒内，可在不使突环外形变化、保持一次成形件成形时的突环形状的情况下，用圆筒的内径部从外紧固突环。

Claims (7)

1.使一次成形件的口颈部(4)热结晶化的方法，它是将具有口颈部(4)、以聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯为主体的树脂制成的一次成形件的口颈部(4)热结晶化的方法，其特征在于，在所述口颈部(4)，在口颈部(4)的上部形成螺旋条(8)、在该螺旋条(8)下方形成具有突环(6)的功能部(5)，在口颈部(4)的下端形成颈环(7)；该方法，加热该口颈部(4)，加热后，从外将保持着可热变形的温度的突环(6)紧固，在密封性允许变形尺寸范围成形所述突环(6)。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述一次成形件(1)具有在以聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯为主体的树脂层(2)内，至少包含1层气体隔离材料层(3)的层叠结构。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的方法，其特征在于，相对于刚加热完后的突环(6)的外径，将突环(6)紧固0.1mm至0.4mm。
4.根据权利要求1、2或3所述的方法，其特征在于，刚结束加热经过10秒至40秒后，开始突环(6)的紧固。
5.根据权利要求1、2、3或4所述的方法，其特征在于，将突环(6)紧固3秒至15秒。
6.一种夹具，它是用在将聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯制的一次成形件的口颈部(4)进行热结晶化的方法中的夹具(13)，其特征在于，在所述口颈部(4)，在口颈部(4)的上部形成螺旋条(8)，在该螺旋条(8)下方形成突环(6)，在口颈部(4)的下端形成颈环(7)；该夹具(13)由圆筒(14)、圆筒(14)内的活塞杆(17)构成；该圆筒(14)具有缩径部(15)、在下端朝外扩大的锥部(16)；该缩径部(15)具有比刚结束加热后、保持着可热变形的温度的状态的突环(6)的外径小0.1mm至0.4mm的直径；所述活塞杆(17)与所述口颈部(4)的上端部抵接，以避免一次成形件(1)被提起。
7.根据权利要求6所述的夹具，其特征在于，所述一次成形件(1)具有在以聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯为主体的树脂层(2)内，至少包含1层气体隔离材料层(3)的层叠结构。
CNB038196824A 2002-08-20 2003-08-20 二轴延伸吹炼成形瓶体的一次成形件的口颈部的热结晶化方法以及该方法中所用的夹具 Expired - Fee Related CN100381271C (zh)

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