CN1400931A - 剃须刀片工艺 - Google Patents
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Abstract
一种剃须刀片包括具有由锐利的刀锋及相邻的刀面限定的刀刃的衬底，刀刃外有一层坚硬的涂层，在硬含碳涂层上有含铬材料外涂层，在外涂层上有聚四氟乙烯外层。
Description
本发明涉及剃刀和刀片的改进。
剃刀刀片一般是由适当的如不锈钢基质材料构成的，且刀刃由半径小于1000埃，例如约在200-300埃之间的楔形刀峰组成。诸如钻石；非晶形钻石，钻石样碳(DLC)材质，氮化物，碳化物，氧化物或陶瓷类的坚硬的外涂层通常被用来增加强度，抗腐蚀性能和剃须能力，同时在允许刀刃更薄，所用切削力减弱的同时维持所需的强度。聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)外层也可以被用来减少摩擦。含有铌或铬材质的内层可有助于改善衬底，一般是不锈钢衬底和硬碳涂层之间的粘和力。剃刀刀片的刀刃的构造和加工过程在美国专利号5,295,305；5,232,568；4,933,058；5,032,243；5,497,550；5,940,975；5,669,144；EP0591334；和PCT92/03330中有过描述。
在使用过程中，拥有坚硬涂层和聚四氟乙烯外层的刀峰在重复使用之后变钝了从而使得刀峰半径增大，总的感觉剃须效果下降。
一方面，本发明的特点，总的来说，剃须刀片包括由具有锐利的刀峰及相邻的刀面所限定的刀刃的衬底，刀刃外有一层坚硬的涂层，该硬涂层外面覆盖含铬材料涂层，该涂层上是聚四氟乙烯外涂层。
本发明的另一个方面，大体来说，剃须刀包括刀架，刀头，刀头的刀片包括由具有锐利的刀峰及相邻的刀面所限定的刀刃的衬底，刀刃外有一层坚硬的涂层，该硬涂层外面覆盖含铬材料涂层，该涂层上是聚四氟乙烯外涂层。
本发明的具体实施方案可包括一个或多个下列特征。在具体实施方案中，硬涂层材质可由含碳材料构成(例如，钻石，非晶形钻石或DLC)，氮化物，碳化物，氧化物或其他陶瓷类材料。硬涂层的厚度可以小于2000埃。外涂层可以由铬或与聚四氟乙烯兼容的含铬合金如铬铂合金组成。外涂层厚度可以介于100-500埃之间。刀片可在衬底和硬涂层之间有一中间层。中间层可以包括含铌或铬的材质。聚四氟乙烯可以是能从杜邦(DuPom)买到的Krytox LW1200。聚四氟乙烯外层的厚度可以介于100-5000埃之间。
本发明的另外一个方面，大体上是制作刀片的过程，通过提供由具有锐利的刀峰及刀面限定的刀刃的衬底，在刀刃外表添加一层坚硬的涂层，再在该硬涂层外面添加一层含铬材料的外层，以及最后在含铬外层上添加一聚四氟乙烯的外涂层。
本发明的特别的实施方案包括一个或多个下列特点。其中的一个特别实施方案中，涂层可以通过物理气相沉积(例如，溅射法)或化学气相沉积方式添加上去。含铬涂层，优选铬，在形成挤压式应力涂层的条件下能被喷射沉积。含铬材质的喷射沉积可包括在目标上使用比-50伏更小，优选比-200伏更小的DC偏压。可替换的，应用适当的RF偏压的方式同样也可得到相同的铬层。
本发明的实施方案可以包括如下一个或多个优点。含铬涂层的应用使得聚四氟乙烯外层对硬涂层有了更强的粘合力。该剃须刀片由于硬涂层而增强了刀刃强度，并且在重复使用时减缓刀锋钝化。刀锋钝化的减低又使得剃须力度的增加降为最小，从而保持非常优秀的剃须性能。刀片从第一次轻触肌肤时就具有了完美的剃须效果。
本发明的其他特征和优点将在以下具体实施方案和从权利要求中得到展现。
图1是剃须刀片刀刃部分的垂直剖面图。
图2是包括图1剃须刀片的剃须刀透视图。
参考图1，如图所示剃须刀片10包括衬底12，内层14，硬层16，外涂层18和最外层20。衬底12一般由不锈钢制成(也可使用其他衬底)并且其最边缘处变锐形成半径小于1000埃，优选200-300埃的刀峰，并且具有一个轮廓，其侧面22有15-30度，优选19度的夹角，这是距离刀锋40微米处测量的。
内层14被用来促进硬涂层和衬底的粘着。合适的内层材料的例子是含铌或含铬物质。个别的内层由厚度大于100埃，优选小于500埃的铌制成。在专利PCT92/03330中描述了铌内层的应用。
硬涂层16提供改进了的强度，抗腐蚀性能和剃须能力，并可以由含碳物质构成(比如钻石，非晶形钻石或DLC)，氮化物(比如，氮化硼，氮化铌或氮化钛)，碳化物(比如，碳化硅)，氧化物(比如，氧化铝，氧化锆)或其他陶瓷类物质。含碳物质可掺入包括其他物质，比如钨，钛或铬这样成分的添加剂进去，如在向目标喷射过程中加入。这些物质也可加入氢，如氢化的DLC。优选涂层16由钻石、非晶形钻石或DLC制成。一个具体实施方案包括小于2000埃，优选小于1000埃的DLC。DLC涂层和沉积方法在美国专利5,232,568中有描述。如“物理气相沉积加工法手册”中描述的。DLC是一种非晶形碳材料，具有许多所需的钻石的特征，但却没有钻石的晶体结构。
外涂层18用来减缓硬涂层刀刃的锋的钝化，以及在保持共同优点的条件下促进外层与硬涂层的连接。外涂层18优选由含铬物质，比如与聚四氟乙烯例如CrPt相适应的铬或铬合金来制造外涂层。一个具体的外涂层是厚度约100-200埃的铬。刀片10的刀刃具有比在没有外涂层的情况下重复使用时更小的钝化。
最外层20被用来减少摩擦，它包括聚四氟乙烯外层，有时被称作调聚物。具体的聚四氟乙烯能从杜邦Krytox LW1200得到。这种物质为非燃性物质，及包含产生稳定分散作用的微小颗粒的稳定的干润滑剂。它被配制成为固体重量占20％的水分散系，可以通过浸沾，喷洒或涂刷的方式来使用，之后可以被风干或融化涂敷。该涂层优选厚度小于5000埃，一般可以在1500-4000埃之间，假若保持连续的涂层，其厚度可以薄至100埃。在达到连续涂层的情况下，降低了的调聚物涂层的厚度可以增进第一次剃须效果。在美国专利号5,263,256和5,985,459中，描述了可以被用来降低调聚物涂层厚度的工艺，在这里一并参考。
剃须刀片10根据上面所参考专利中所说的工艺制作而成。具体实施方案包括铌内层14，DLC的硬涂层16，铬外涂层18和Krytox LW1200聚四氟乙烯最外涂层20。铬外涂层18的沉积厚度介于最小值100-最大值500之间。通过应用DC偏压(比-50伏更小，优选比-200伏更小)的方式被喷射，压强大约为2氩毫托。铬外涂层中的增强的负极偏压被认为可提高压应力(同拉伸应力相反)，而且认为在维持剃须效果的同时增加刀峰抗钝化能力。在添加最外涂层20之前和应用外涂层18之后，优选刀片10刀峰半径的厚度在扫描电子显微镜的测量下是200-400埃。
参考图2，刀片10可以用于剃须刀110中，其中包括刀把112与可替换剃须夹头114。夹头114包括携带3付刀片10、防护罩120及盖板122的刀座116。刀片10可移动地安装，如美国专利号5,918,369中所描述的，在这里并入作为参考。夹头114还包括内部连接件124，在其上刀座116可旋转地安装在两端手柄128上。内部连接件124包括一个可替换的与刀把112连接的底座127。或者，刀片10也可以用在其他带有一个，两个或三个以上刀片，双面刀片的剃刀上，以及没有可移动刀片或旋转头部的剃刀，其中夹头或者可替换或者永久性与刀把附着在一起。
在使用过程中，刀片10从接触皮肤一瞬间起就具有优秀的剃须特点。刀片10拥有硬涂层所提供的改进了的刀刃强度，也拥有外涂层提供的在维持优异剃须特征的同时降低了刀锋在重复使用中的钝化的特点。
本发明的其他实施方案在所附权利要求的范围内。
Claims (30)
1.一种剃须刀片包括：
衬底，具有由锐利的刀峰及相邻的刀面所限定的刀刃，
所述刀刃外有一层坚硬的涂层，
在所述硬涂层上有含铬材料的外涂层，
在所述外涂层上有聚四氟乙烯的外涂层。
2.根据权利要求1的刀片，其中所述硬涂层由含碳物质构成。
3.根据权利要求2的刀片，其中所述含碳物质包括钻石。
4.根据权利要求2的刀片，其中所述硬含碳涂层包括钻石样碳材质。
5.根据权利要求2的刀片，其中所述含碳物包括非晶形材质。
6.根据权利要求1的刀片，其中所述外涂层材质包括铬。
7.根据权利要求1的刀片，其中所述外涂层材料包括与聚四氟乙烯兼容的含铬合金。
8.根据权利要求4的刀片，其中所述外涂层材质包括铬。
9.根据权利要求7的刀片，其中所述合金是铬铂合金。
10.根据权利要求1的刀片，进一步包括在所述衬底和所述硬碳涂层之间的内层。
11.根据权利要求10的刀片，其中所述内层包括铌。
12.根据权利要求10的刀片，其中所述内层包括含铬物质。
13.根据权利要求6，7，8或9的刀片，其中所述外涂层被压缩式挤压。
14.根据权利要求1的刀片，其中所述聚四氟乙烯是Krytox LW1200。
15.根据权利要求4的刀片，进一步包括在所述衬底和硬涂层之间的铌质内层。
16.根据权利要求8的刀片，其中所述聚四氟乙烯是Krytox LW1200。
17.根据权利要求1的刀片，其中所述硬涂层厚度小于2000埃。
18.根据权利要求1的刀片，其中所述外层厚度介于100-500埃之间。
19.根据权利要求1的刀片，其中所述外涂层厚度介于100-5000埃之间。
20.根据权利要求1，8，16或17的刀片，其中所述刀片的刀锋在重复使用的条件下比没有外涂层时钝化更小。
21.一种剃须刀包括：
刀把；
与所述刀把连接的刀座；
至少一个安装在所述刀座上的刀片，所述刀片包括：
衬底，具有由锐利的刀峰及相邻的刀面所限定的刀刃；
所述刀刃外有一层坚硬的涂层；
在所述硬涂层上有含铬材料的外涂层；
在所述外涂层上有聚四氟乙烯的外涂层。
22.根据权利要求21中的剃须刀，其中所述硬涂层由含碳物质构成。
23.根据权利要求22中的剃须刀，进一步包括在所述衬底和所述硬涂层之间的铌质内层。
24.根据权利要求21或22中的剃须刀，其中所述外层包括铬。
25.制作剃须刀片的方法包括：
提供一个衬底，其具有由锐利的刀峰及相邻的刀面所限定的刀刃；
在所述刀刃上添加一层硬涂层；
在所述硬涂层上添加一层含铬材料外层；
在所述含铬外层上添加一聚四氟乙烯外层。
26.根据权利要求25的方法，其中所述添加硬涂层包括气相沉积含碳材料。
27.根据权利要求25的方法，其中所述添加含铬物质包括气相沉积所述含铬材料。
28.根据权利要求27的方法，其中所述添加含铬物质层包括在产生挤压式应力物质时使用喷射沉积。
29.根据权利要求28的方法，其中所述喷射方式包括应用比-50伏更低的DC偏压或等同于使用RF偏压方案于目标上。
30.根据权利要求28的方法，其中所述喷射方式包括应用比-200伏更低的DC偏压或等同于使用RF偏压方案于目标上。
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| US09/515,421 US6684513B1 (en) | 2000-02-29 | 2000-02-29 | Razor blade technology |
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-
2000
- 2000-02-29 US US09/515,421 patent/US6684513B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
2001
- 2001-02-27 MY MYPI20010849A patent/MY125956A/en unknown
- 2001-02-27 CN CNB018031153A patent/CN1263588C/zh not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-02-27 BR BRPI0107309-5B1A patent/BR0107309B1/pt active IP Right Grant
- 2001-02-27 CA CA002393166A patent/CA2393166C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-02-27 EG EG20010202A patent/EG22226A/xx active
- 2001-02-27 KR KR1020027006965A patent/KR100543804B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2001-02-27 AU AU38702/01A patent/AU784251B2/en not_active Expired
- 2001-02-27 ES ES01911185T patent/ES2237556T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-02-27 CO CO01015472A patent/CO5300429A1/es not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2001-02-27 EP EP01911185A patent/EP1259361B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-02-27 AT AT01911185T patent/ATE294050T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2001-02-27 AR ARP010100878A patent/AR035393A1/es active IP Right Grant
- 2001-02-27 DE DE60110386T patent/DE60110386T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-02-27 RU RU2002115624/12A patent/RU2258602C2/ru active
- 2001-02-27 WO PCT/US2001/006206 patent/WO2001064406A2/en active IP Right Grant
- 2001-02-27 JP JP2001563289A patent/JP4964383B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-04-02 TW TW090104510A patent/TW518273B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
-
2002
- 2002-07-10 US US10/192,418 patent/US6866894B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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2003
- 2003-02-10 US US10/361,951 patent/US20030121158A1/en not_active Abandoned
Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102099165A (zh) * | 2008-07-16 | 2011-06-15 | 吉列公司 | 剃刀及剃刀架 |
| CN102099165B (zh) * | 2008-07-16 | 2015-11-25 | 吉列公司 | 剃刀及剃刀架 |
| CN102271878B (zh) * | 2009-01-12 | 2015-01-14 | 吉列公司 | 采用等静压在刀刃上形成薄且均匀的涂层 |
| CN102470537A (zh) * | 2009-07-17 | 2012-05-23 | 吉列公司 | 剃刀上的原子层沉积涂层 |
| CN106457585A (zh) * | 2014-06-17 | 2017-02-22 | 吉列有限公司 | 制造用于剃刮剃刀的硅刀片的方法 |
| CN107107362A (zh) * | 2014-12-22 | 2017-08-29 | 比克-维尔莱克 | 剃须刀片 |
| CN107107362B (zh) * | 2014-12-22 | 2020-08-04 | 比克-维尔莱克 | 剃须刀片 |
| CN106002099A (zh) * | 2016-06-17 | 2016-10-12 | 芜湖三刀材料科技有限公司 | 一种金属复合单刃刀具毛坯及其制造方法 |
| CN113442179A (zh) * | 2021-05-24 | 2021-09-28 | 江苏利宇剃须刀有限公司 | 一种软硬交替的碳纳米复合涂层的剃须刀片及其制备方法 |
| CN115287553A (zh) * | 2022-08-08 | 2022-11-04 | 江苏利宇剃须刀有限公司 | 一种不锈钢剃须刀片的制备工艺 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CA2393166C (en) | 2006-10-10 |
| TW518273B (en) | 2003-01-21 |
| CN1263588C (zh) | 2006-07-12 |
| ES2237556T3 (es) | 2005-08-01 |
| US20030096060A1 (en) | 2003-05-22 |
| US6866894B2 (en) | 2005-03-15 |
| BR0107309B1 (pt) | 2013-08-13 |
| EP1259361A2 (en) | 2002-11-27 |
| DE60110386T2 (de) | 2006-01-19 |
| JP2003525098A (ja) | 2003-08-26 |
| EG22226A (en) | 2002-10-31 |
| KR100543804B1 (ko) | 2006-01-20 |
| US6684513B1 (en) | 2004-02-03 |
| AU3870201A (en) | 2001-09-12 |
| ATE294050T1 (de) | 2005-05-15 |
| WO2001064406A3 (en) | 2002-02-07 |
| JP4964383B2 (ja) | 2012-06-27 |
| RU2258602C2 (ru) | 2005-08-20 |
| CO5300429A1 (es) | 2003-07-31 |
| KR20020092924A (ko) | 2002-12-12 |
| WO2001064406A2 (en) | 2001-09-07 |
| EP1259361B1 (en) | 2005-04-27 |
| US20030121158A1 (en) | 2003-07-03 |
| AU784251B2 (en) | 2006-03-02 |
| BR0107309A (pt) | 2003-02-25 |
| MY125956A (en) | 2006-09-29 |
| CA2393166A1 (en) | 2001-09-07 |
| AR035393A1 (es) | 2004-05-26 |
| DE60110386D1 (de) | 2005-06-02 |
| RU2002115624A (ru) | 2004-03-20 |
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