CN1147233A - 聚合物、尤其是聚烯烃织物制的包及其制造方法 - Google Patents

聚合物、尤其是聚烯烃织物制的包及其制造方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1147233A
CN1147233A CN95192909A CN95192909A CN1147233A CN 1147233 A CN1147233 A CN 1147233A CN 95192909 A CN95192909 A CN 95192909A CN 95192909 A CN95192909 A CN 95192909A CN 1147233 A CN1147233 A CN 1147233A
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bag
fabric
flap
emulsion sheet
basal surface
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CN1071258C (zh
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弗伦茨·施塔林格尔·许默
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Starlinger and Co GmbH
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Starlinger and Co GmbH
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Bag Frames (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Making Paper Articles (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
  • Artificial Filaments (AREA)
  • Processes Of Treating Macromolecular Substances (AREA)
  • Wrappers (AREA)
  • Containers And Packaging Bodies Having A Special Means To Remove Contents (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及由单轴向牵伸、优选为单层聚合物、特别是聚烯烃、并且优选为聚丙烯的编织带(1)制的包，编织带的一侧或两侧可用热塑性塑料、特别是聚烯烃涂布，其中织物为管状结构(1)或平织物连接成的管，并且通过折叠各织物端部使特别是箱型或立方体型包的至少一端成为特别是矩形的底表面。该包的特征在于其至少一端、特别是底表面是通过一由热塑性材料、特别是聚烯烃材料制的中间层和通过热的作用而被粘合剂到由单轴向牵伸的聚合物、特别是聚烯烃并且优选为聚丙烯的带制的织物的覆盖片(3)，并且仅在外表面区、特别是在底表面和覆盖片的织物带的少于30％的材料厚度处具有由于热的作用而分子链未取向的聚合物、特别是聚烯烃并且优选是聚丙烯，而在材料的其余部分中仍保留分子取向性。本发明还涉及将覆盖片熔接到包的底表面上的方法。

Description

聚合物、尤其是聚烯烃织物制的包及其制造方法
本发明涉及由单轴向牵伸、理想为单层的聚合物，尤其是聚烯烃，优选为聚丙烯的带子组成的织物制的包，该织物可以是在其一面或两面上用热塑性材料、特别是聚烯烃涂布的，其中该织物既可以是无缝的管状织物或者是被连结成管的平织物，并且其中具有特别是：箱子或长方体形状的包的至少一端是通过将织物端头折叠到优选为矩形的底表面，以及本发明还涉及制造这样包的方法。
各种各样的包被用于包装货物例如松散材料。包能大致地分成枕头型和箱型或块型。枕头型通常是通过用接缝制造底部而形成的。箱形或块型是通过折叠并粘合底部而形成的。由于其砖块形状，人们知道箱型有可能最佳地利用材料的表面、具有良好的堆垛性和高的体积利用率。还出现一种半箱型，它的一面是枕状包而另一面是箱形包。一般说，包的容量有10、25、100、500和1000公斤。适用的材料包括天然纤维织物如黄麻皮片，纸，塑料片和塑料织物；在最近十年内由天然纤维织物制的包已被纸、塑料片材、塑料织物制的包所取代，因为这些材料是较便宜的并提供技术上的优点。
纸不具有高的强度。因此包通过包括多层纸，这增加材料消耗。纸包不具有不透水性且局部地不具有耐化学剂性。然而，纸包能以低成本和通过使用便宜的粘合剂来生产。
塑料片材不具有不高的强度并因此要求使用相当厚的材料。由于其高的杨氏模量(伸长能力)，因此它们在尺寸上是不稳定的，而且对热很敏感。此包能被方便地缝焊成枕头型，但是它不容易被连接成箱形或块形包。
由单轴向牵引带组成的塑料织物具有最高的强度并且是尺寸稳定的，特别是被涂布时。与塑料片材消耗量相比，它的消耗量要少得多，而承载能力相同。由塑料织物制的包经常被制成带有缝的枕头型。
为了制造编织箱皮折叠的底部通过使用多组分粘合剂进行相当精致的粘合加工，因为通常形成的织物的聚丙烯和聚乙烯材料被粘合很困难。除了复杂的粘合加工外，熟知的粘合剂还具有另外的缺点，诸如低的耐久性、由温度改变引起的脆性和由湿度引起的粘合力降低等。另外，这些粘合剂耐化学剂性不足；一般说，被粘合的材料在被粘合之前必须经受表面处理，例如电晕处理。考虑到全世界每年要生产几十亿只包和根据已有技术方法生产的包具有或多或少缺点这样的事实，如果包或其制造方法被改进的话，显然能取得巨大的经济利益。本发明目的在于提供一种与惯用的包相比能大大地降低单价而同时保持其承载能力的包，并且这种包甚至还具有另外正面的特点。
本发明的包是由单轴向牵伸的聚丙烯烃带织物组成的。这些带是通过将聚烯烃片拉伸到其起始长度的四至十倍，由此使处于带子纵向上的分子链取向并由此使该方向上强度比原始片材约高6至10倍。带子的宽度通常约为1.5-10mm、厚度为20-80μm。横向应力将带子分开，这就是为什么它们能编结成由彼此垂直的纬线层和经线层制的圆形或平织物的原因。然后织物在所有方向上具有均匀的高的抗拉强度。为了获得耐尘埃性和耐湿性和防止带子层滑动可将熔体涂层(优选由与带子的相同材料组成)施加到或压入到织物的一面或两面。本发明的包能被成型成箱包或半箱包，这些形状比枕头形包更受人欢迎。
本发明的箱包或半箱包的特征在于包的一端、特别是底表面是通过一层由热塑性材料料、特别是聚烯烃、优选为聚丙烯材料制的中间层以及通过热而被连接到一层由单轴向牵伸的聚合物、特别是聚烯烃并且优选为聚丙烯带制的覆盖片的，并且只有在底表面和覆盖片的外表面区，特别是在其少于30％的织物带材料厚度的外表面区包括由于热而其分子未取向的聚合物、特别是聚烯烃并且优选为聚丙烯，而在材料的其余区域中分子是取向的。与通常的包相比，本发明的箱包或半箱包能被提及的优点如下：
与纸和塑料片材制的包相比，强度高、材料消耗低，
底部接合的强度高，
没有织物缝孔引起的强度低点，
不透水性和耐化学剂性，
单价低，
由于熔解连接不老化或变脆而具有耐久性，
容易处置因为包完全是由纯聚烯烃制的。
由于这种熔接导致分子链取向的损失程度低，织物强度几乎未降低。
本发明的包的具体实施方式的特征在于被折叠到包的端部、特别是底表面的那些部分的织物彼此不搭接或基本上不搭接，并且提供封合底部的相分隔的覆盖片，或者其特征在于当折叠包的织物时，包的端部、特别是底表面，以及覆盖片是通过搭接形成的。在选择这些实施方式之一时，可以考虑生产机械的特性。
如果包不是由涂布的织物带组成的话，作为熔接剂的聚烯烃熔体制的中间层被插入在底表面和覆盖片之间，中间层还可被施加至涂布的织物。适当地，在其一侧或两侧上被涂布的织物带的情况下，该涂层起作于包的端部、特别是底表面与覆盖片之间的中间层作用。
在合适的实施方式中，编结带涂层和/或中间层的热塑性材料与乙烯和醋酸乙烯酯共聚物相混合，该共聚物降低涂层的熔点和增加其非滑动性。因此，本发明的包能非常方便地熔接和堆叠。
有关箱型或块型包的问题是为了形成端表面而将处于各窄和纵侧面上的织物盖舌向包内折叠会产生许多气阱。这些气阱类似于一个其出口在纵向折叠边上的漏斗。这对特别是所谓的箱-挡板型包或块底型包来说，当它们被装填时需要插入套筒，这些问题便产生了。此套筒被用来通过压缩空气引入填充物质。进入的压缩空气使处于另一侧挡门处的气阱鼓胀并成为漏斗形，使填充的物质(通常为粉未)通过“漏斗出口”从包中压出。由于该制造方法本身的原因不可能将覆盖板精确地熔接到折叠边边缘，以致在大部分情况下所制造的包中仍存在小孔。本发明还提供一种解决现有的包所遇到的此问题的办法。在第一种方法中，在由织物盖舌形成的端表面的至少一侧的靠近或特别是处于折叠边的纵向侧与窄侧之间的共有部分的区域上，提供由冷粘合剂、热熔粘合剂、或热塑性材料，特别是具有比织物或中间层材料的熔点要低的聚烯烃制的至少一处的粘合点或粘合区。当包的端表面经受热空气熔接加工时，粘合材料变软并流入到折叠边，在粘合剂被固化后粘合剂将折叠边中的孔严密地封死。
另一种设计用来防止从折叠边中的小孔泄漏装入材料的方法是使气阱鼓胀并由此形成漏斗变得不可能或至少是很困难的。根据本发明这可以通过在至少一个的由织物盖舌形成的端表面上，在其折叠状态下，设置至少一个的在该区有至少一个孔的纵向折叠盖舌，然后搭接一置于窄侧上的物织盖舌。通过此孔，将在折叠覆盖片后和被熔接后已成为上盖舌与下盖舌通过此孔相熔接，由此防止气阱鼓胀。
能够同样地防止鼓胀的本发明的另一优选方案的特征在于被置于纵向和窄侧面的织物盖舌是在它们的彼此搭接区至少被部分地熔接在一起的。然而，这解决办法要求更复杂的制造方法，因为需要另外吹入的热空气。
本发明的再一种实施方案的特征在于在其中通过折叠所有的织物叠层而形成气阱的端表面区是通过熔接点或熔接区而被连接的。在熔接区中发生的分子链取向度降低并不影响总强度，因为织物的某些叠层是彼此粘合的。
本发明包的特别好的实施方案之特征在包的端部，即在端表面与覆盖片之间设置至少一块挡板，通过它可以填包，并且当包被充满时它能通过填充物质的压力而自动闭合。这种所谓的箱-挡板包或块底包特别有用于块速包装，因为为了密封装物的包不需要另外的操作。
当包被充填时包内的高压将套筒从包中被拉出时，为了防止挡板部分从内部被翻出，由此而使密封作用变得不可能了，在窄侧织物盖舌的内边与处于窄侧盖舌与纵向盖舌之间的覆盖片内边之间的区域中的形成包端表面的至少一个的纵侧盖舌中设置孔是恰当的。因此可以通过孔而将挡板上侧与覆盖板熔接在一起。
在通过气流输送充填物质的情况，例如水泥的情况下，使用多孔织物带是适当的，这可便于充填作业后将夹带的空气排出。
本发明还涉及将覆盖片熔接到包、特别是箱型或长方体型包的端表面、特别是底表面上的方法，其中覆盖片和包材料是由聚合物、特别是聚烯烃、优选为聚丙烯的单轴向牵伸带的片料或织物组成的，特别地，带的厚度为20-80μm、优选为30-50μm，并且其中织物的一侧或两侧随意地用热塑性材料、特别是聚烯烃材料的熔体所涂布，特别地，涂层厚度为5-60μm。
此方法的特征在于在端表面，特别是底表面与覆盖片之间插入熔体聚合物、特别是聚烯烃、优选为聚丙烯的中间层，特别地，中间层厚度为5-60μm，特别地，温度为150-380℃，优选为230-260℃，随后对端表面、特别是底表面和覆盖片相对地压缩并将端或底表面、中间层和覆盖片冷却到环境温度。
本发明的方法使有可能以非常方便和更低的成本生产包，因为昂贵的粘合剂和复杂的粘接过程被取消了。当通过熔接粘合底部时，织物的高强度几乎未受影响。
此方法的另一实施方案的特征在于对熔接覆盖片到包的至少一个端表面、特别是底表面上来说，当使用至少一侧被涂布的织物作为包和/或覆盖片代替引入熔体热塑性材料、特别是聚烯烃、优选为聚丙烯时，特别可以通过热空气直至仅外表面区塑化、特别是贯穿深度为2-40μm、优选为3-10μm来加热织物涂层。通过直接加热和粘合织物层和省掉挤出中间层的步骤，该方法能被非常有效地进行。
就经济地实施该方法而言，对将覆盖片熔接到包的端表面、特别是底表面来说，特别的好处是可以通过至少一个冷压装置、特别是通过一对压辊来同时进行端或底表面的冷却和加压。
由熔体塑料、特别是聚烯烃、优选为聚丙烯制的中间层可以方便地通过宽缝或纤维挤出模头来施加。
本发明方法的一个实施方案的特征在于就熔接覆盖片到包的端表面、特别是底表面来说，端或底表面和覆盖片的加热和加压步骤至少是通过具有线形或点状外表面的加热辊或板来进行的。
根据本发明方法的另一个实施方案，覆盖片是通过摩擦焊(friction weld-ing)而被熔接到包的端表面、特别是底表面的。
为了降低涂层的熔点和得到不滑的涂层表面，可以将乙烯和醋酸乙烯酯共聚物掺混到编织带涂层和/或热塑性塑料的中间层中，而改进根据本发明的方法。
特别是在箱包或箱-挡板型包的情况下，在端表面和覆盖片之间在引入聚合物熔体的步骤前，在其折叠状态下搭接窄侧织物的区域中的至少一个纵向织物盖舌中设置至少一个的孔。以这种方式可将窄侧盖舌的上侧面直接熔接到覆盖片上，由此防止由织物盖舌形成的可能泄漏填充物质的漏斗。
确保折叠边区域密封的本发明方法的一个实施方案之特征在于：特别在将盖舌折叠到包的端表面和至少一个靠近、特别是处于一纵向和一窄侧面织物盖舌之间的折叠边的共有部分的区域之一侧之前，提供由冷粘合剂、热熔粘合剂、或具有比织物或中间层材料的熔点要低的热塑性材料，特别是聚烯烃制的至少一处的粘合点或粘合区，并且在折叠盖舌后的另一步骤中通过施加热和/或压力将粘合剂粘合到纵向盖舌和窄侧盖舌。
还可以通过在包的端表面的纵向与窄侧盖舌的搭接区之间吹入热空气和通过随后的彼此相对地加压盖舌使其粘合，而将窄侧织物盖舌的上侧面与上覆的纵向盖舌的下侧面相熔接。本发明的此实施方案还确保由于折叠形成的气阱不会膨胀，因而避免形成漏斗。
根据本发明方法的一个实施方案之特征在于纵向织物盖舌和窄侧织物盖舌以及由折叠气阱而引起的盖舌通过将热针(heated pin)或热板压入包端部的外侧而彼此被熔接在一起。
对于挡板包非常有用的各种各样的本发明方法之特征在于，在将熔体聚合物引入到端表面与覆盖片之间的步骤之前，在至少一个的在形成包的端表面中被包含的纵向织物盖舌的由窄侧盖舌的内边与处于窄侧与纵向盖舌之间的挡板所界定的区域中形成至少一个孔。这就有可能熔接挡板的上侧面与覆盖片的下侧面，由此防止当填料套筒被拉出时防止挡板从内部翻出。
现通过各例子并参考附图对本发明进行介绍。图1是根据本发明由管形织物制成的包的透视图；图2显示由平织物制的并具有纵向缝的本发明的包；图3为根据图1实施方案的具有覆盖片的挡板侧面的平面图；图4为根据图2实施方案的没有覆盖片的挡板侧面的平面图；图5为具有覆盖片的包的剖视图；图6为没有覆盖片的包的剖视图；图7为管形织物制的包的剖视图；图8为具有纵向挤出缝的平织物制的包的剖面图；图8a为具有纵向缝和熔接或粘合的覆盖条的包的剖面图；图9-12显示实施本发明方法的各种模式；图13显示图1包的一种实施方式的处于部分折叠状态的挡板侧面，而图14和15为本发明包的端表面的另一种实施方式。
图1显示根据本发明的箱型包，它是由单轴向牵伸的聚烯烃带，例如聚丙烯或聚乙烯带制的圆形织物组成，带的厚度为20-80μm和强度为若干克/旦尼尔、一般为4-6.5克/旦尼尔。此箱包的底表面是通过折叠织物盖舌4、4’，5，5’形成的。如在虚线中所示，盖舌4和5彼此仅轻度搭接。在盖舌5’和4或5之间设置挡板2，挡板2由片状或管状材料例如织物和箔组成并且通过挡板将包充填。当包被充填时挡板管被填料对端表面的压力所闭合。覆盖片3被熔接在盖舌4，5上。适于此目的的熔接方法将在以后介绍。覆盖片3优选是由与织物1相同的材料组成，而织物1和/或覆盖片3可以随意地其一面或二面上涂布。本发明的包的具体特征在于由于覆盖片是被熔接在其上的，因此带子中的分子链现在仅在小的程度上未取向，一般的向下热贯穿深度为2-40μm、特别是3-10μm、以致织物几乎不丧失其强度。
图2显示本发明的包的另一种实施方案。它与图1所示的实施方案不同，主要原因是平织物1’具有一纵向缝已形成管和盖片6和7，由于它们彼此几乎搭接成整体，作为底表面和覆盖面，由此而使分离的覆盖片成为多余的。根据本发明的方案两个盖舌6和7被熔接在一起。
侧盖片6’和7’按图1的盖舌4’和5’一样被折叠。在盖片7’和6或7之间再提供一管状挡板2。
图3为根据图1的包的挡板侧的平面图。从图中可以看出侧盖舌4’，5’首先被向内折叠，延伸到虚线4”，5”，在其上将作为挡板的管片2放置在一侧，延伸到虚线2’，在其上两盖舌4和5被折叠，并将覆盖片13熔接上。
图4为根据图2的包的挡板侧的平面图。带有边6”，7”的侧盖舌6’，7’首先被向内折叠，然后在其上折叠盖舌6和7并且它们熔接在一起，盖舌7作为底表面而盖舌6作为覆盖片。挡板2被设置在盖舌7’和6或7之间。
图5为沿图3的V-V线的纵剖面图。该图显示盖舌4和5的覆盖片3是怎样叠置的。
图6为取自图4VI-VI线的纵剖视图。该图清楚地显示盖舌6和7是如何叠置的。
图7、8和8a显示根据本发明的包的各种各样的剖面形状。图7代表由圆形织物带1制的包，图8代表由平织物1’制的包，平织物1’的被叠置边8、9已通过纵向缝被连接并由此已形成为管，其中纵向缝还可以是挤压缝(extru-sion seam)；图8a显示由纵向缝的平织物和被熔接或粘合在被叠置的边11、12上的覆盖条10制的包。
现参考图9-12对熔接覆盖片方法的各种实施方案进行介绍。
图9显示一种将由聚烯烃，如聚丙烯，制的编结带3a和涂层3b组成的覆盖片被连接到由相同的聚烯烃材料制的编结带4a和涂层4b组成的包盖舌的实施方案。编结带3a、4a的厚度为40-160μm，涂层3b、4b的厚度为5-60μm。为此彼此面对的涂层侧面3b、4b被加热到贯穿深度为2-40μm、特别是3-10μm，直至它们塑化为止，然后在两个冷却辊17中通过，层3b、4b彼此相压以致达到完全连接并在同时被对辊17所冷却，冷却是必不可少的以避免热引起的对编织带3a、4a的破坏。由于主要被加热的是涂层，因此带的分子链取向度减少仅达到很小的深度，确保没有大的强度损失。
图10显示本发明方法再一个实施方案，其中二块未涂布的织物3c、4c相互被熔接。为此将一层来自宽缝挤出流16的熔体14导入到编结带3c、4c之间。织物3c、4c和熔体14通常由相同的聚烯烃材料组成。熔体的挤出温度为150-380℃、优选为230-260℃。将织物从如箭头所指的一对压辊17、17之间通过，由此与熔体14一起受压并且同时被冷却，以致带的强度基本上未降低。
本发明的此实施方案并不限于未涂布的编结带而是能够应用于任何涂布织物，此点从图11中可见，其中由编结带3a和涂层3b组成的覆盖片与通过编结带4a和涂层4b形成的盖舌通过在涂层侧之间导入熔体14而被相互熔接在一起。通过被相对受压的涂层3b、4b和熔体14形成均匀的中间层。
如果仅一织物是涂布的话，熔接还可以通过加热织物涂层来进行，如图12中所指出的。通过热熔接，未涂布织物4c被紧密地连接至具有涂层3b的织物3a。
形成涂层和/或中间层的热塑性塑料、特别是聚烯烃料可以与乙烯/酯酸乙烯酯共聚物-通常称为EVA相混合。此种EVA具有比聚乙烯低的熔点。由于添加EVA，此涂层变得相当地容易熔接。此外，通过与EVA的混合，涂层形成非滑动覆盖面，由此增加本发明包的堆垛性。
在图13至15中箱型包或块型包、特别是箱挡板包或块底包所遇到的问题被更详细地论及。图13显示部分折叠状态下的图1包的一种实施方式。在圆形织物1的端部，窄侧织物盖舌4’、5’已向内折叠，挡板箔2被连接到盖舌5’。方便的是，箔2是通过热熔合在由折叠边21、22，箔2的外边和盖舌5’的内边5”所界定的矩形表面而被连接到盖舌5’的。随后在此方法中，纵向盖舌4、5沿折叠边21、22向内弯，由此还将箔2侧面向内弯曲并形成管形挡板2。随后，根据本发明的方法，将覆盖片3熔接到包的端表面。此制造步骤被示于图14中，图14也在以下介绍。通过管形挡板2可以插入套筒以便将充填料装入包中。在充填操作中出现问题，其原因是充填过程中在包中产生过度的压力或者是由于挡板因热而附着套筒或当套筒被拉出时摩擦到套筒，包内松散悬挂的部分挡板被从内部翻出直至它达到盖舌5’处的其连接位置时为止。结果由于挡板的有效长度已被从内部翻出管子而大大地缩短，而使挡板丧失其某些的密封作用。根据本发明此问题是通过在盖舌5’的边线5”与挡板2的内边2’之间的区域中冲击孔18、18’，以致在盖舌4、5已被向内折叠后覆盖片3能穿过这些孔18、18’而与挡板2的上侧面相熔接而解决的。这有效地防止挡板2与填充套筒一起被拉出。这些孔可具有任何期望的形状。例如，孔18是纵长的且孔18’是圆形的。
就通常的箱包、特别是挡板箱包来说存在另外的不希望的作用：通过折叠织物盖舌4、4’、5、5’到包内的端表面，形成了四个三角形气阱，它们作用似出口孔处于折叠边21、22中的漏斗。由于该制造方法的本身原因它不可能精密地将覆盖片3熔接到折叠边21、22，以致一般在折叠边的终端小缝隙仍张开着并通入到以上的气阱中。这对包的底部没有负面影响，因为气阱受到压缩并因此被充填物质重量密闭。然而，当充填箱挡板包时，其中充填物质是由压缩空气通过插入的套筒而导入的，压缩空气使这些气阱膨胀并且随着它的进入在与挡板相对的侧面处形成漏斗，而物质(大部分为粉末形式)穿过“漏斗出口”从包中被压出。为了避免此现象发生，纵向盖舌4、5中的另外孔19、19’被设置在折叠搭接窄侧织物盖舌4’的盖舌4、5的区域中。当覆盖片3被熔接时，盖片4’穿过区些小孔19、19’被连接到覆盖片3。由此避免膨胀与形成漏斗。
另外一种防止从包端面角隅处泄漏粉状填充物质的方法被于图15中。再一次通过折叠管形织物1的盖舌4、4’、5形成端面。窄侧盖舌4’朝包的中央达到边4”。还显示通过搭接形成的气阱。在本发明的此实施方案中，在折叠盖舌4、4’、5而成为包的端面之前，通过在纵向织物盖舌4、5和窄侧织物盖片4’之间的折叠边21、22的共有部分上施加由冷粘合剂、热熔型粘合剂或具有比织物或中间层材料低的熔点的热塑性材料特别是聚烯烃制的粘合点或粘合区20、20’，并且在折叠后的另外步骤中通过施加热和/或压力将粘合材料20、20’粘接到纵向织物盖舌4、5和窄侧织物盖舌4’，由此闭塞折叠边21、22中的孔。还能将四层织物，即纵向盖舌、窄侧盖舌和两个形成气阱的盖舌，通过将热针或热板压到包的端表面外侧上并通过从包的内侧通过熔接点式熔接区将耐热的或涂泰佛隆的扳压向热针或热板而粘合。在此熔接区分子链丧失其取向性，但由于熔接区相对于整个底表面和在熔接区相互粘合的四层来说面积非常小，因此端表面的总强度未降低。按此种方式，包的端表面能以很小的努力而闭合。

Claims (25)

1、一种由单轴向牵伸、所期望的为单层的聚合物、特别是聚烯烃、优选为聚丙烯带组成的织物制的包，所说的织物的一侧面或两侧面上可以用热塑性材料，特别是聚烯烃涂布，其中织物是无缝的管形织物或是被结合形成管的平织物并且具有特别是箱形或长方体的包的至少一端是通过将织物端部折叠到特定的矩形底表面形成的，其特征在于包的至少一端，特别是底表面是通过由热塑性、特别是聚烯烃、优选为聚丙烯材料制的中间层(3b、4b；13)，和通过热，而被粘接至由单轴向牵伸的聚合物、特别是聚烯烃并且优选为聚丙烯组成的织物制的覆盖片(3；6)，并且仅底表面和覆盖片的外表面、特别是少于30％的织物带材料厚度包括由热而未取向的聚合物、特别是聚烯烃和优选为聚丙烯的分子，其中在其余的材料区中分子是取向的。
2、根据权利要求1的包，其中被折叠而形成包的端部、特别是底表面的织物部分(4，4’，5，5’)相互不或基本上不搭接并且设置一相分隔的覆盖片(3)以封闭底部。
3、根据权利要求1的包，其中包的端部、特别是底表面和覆盖片是通过在折叠织物时搭接区域(6，6’，7，7’)而形成的。
4、根据权利要求1至3的任何一项权利要求的包，其中在未涂布的编织带情况下，在包的端部特别是底表面与覆盖片之间插入由熔体塑料、特别是聚烯烃并且优选为聚丙烯制的层(13)，作为中间层。
5、根据权利要求1至3的任何一项权利要求的包，其中在编织带一侧面或二侧面被涂布的情况下，此涂层(3b、4b)起着处于包的端部、特别是底表面与覆盖之间的中间层作用。
6、根据前述任何一项权利要求的包，其中乙烯/醋酸乙烯酯共聚物与由热塑性材料制的编织带的涂层(3b，4b)和/或中间层(13)相混合。
7、根据前述任何一项权利要求的包，其中在由织物盖舌(4，4’，5，5’)形成的一端表面的至少一侧的靠近、特别是处于纵向织物盖舌(4，5)和窄侧织物盖舌(4’，5’)之间的折叠边(21，22)的共有部分的区域中提供由冷粘合剂、热熔型粘合剂或具有比织物或中间层材料的熔点低的热塑性材料、特别是聚烯烃制的至少一处的粘合点或粘合区(20，20’)。
8、根据前述任何一项权利要求的包，其中在由织物盖舌(4，4’，5，5’)形成的端表面的至少一个的侧面上，至少一个的纵向织物盖舍(4，5)在其折叠状态下搭接窄侧织物盖舌(4’，5’)的区中至少具有一个孔(19，19’)。
9、根据前述任何一项权利要求的包，其中形成包的一端面的纵向织物盖舌(4，5)和窄侧织物盖舌(4’，5’)在它们相互搭接的区中是至少部分被熔接在一起的。
10、根据前述任何一项权利要求的包，其中在通过折叠织物的所有的叠加层形成气阱的端表面区内的织物的所有的叠加层是通过熔接点或熔接区而相互粘合的。
11、根据权利要求1至10的任一权利要求的包，其中在包的端部、特别是底表面与覆盖片之间设置至少一个的挡板(2)，通过挡板能充填包并且当包被装满时由充填物质的压力挡板能被自动闭合。
12、根据权利要求11的包，其中在形成包的端表面时所涉及的至少一个的纵向盖舌(4，5)的窄侧织物盖舌(5’)的内边(5”)与挡板(2)的内边(2’)之间区域上，设置至少一个孔(18，18’)，挡板(2)处于窄侧盖舌(5’)与纵向盖舌(4，5)之间。
13、根据权利要求1至12的任一项权利要求的包，其中编织带是多孔的。
14、一种将覆盖片熔接到特别是具有箱型或长方体型的包、特别是根据权利要求1至11的任一项权利要求的包端表面、特别是底表面的方法，其中覆盖片和包材料是由聚合物、特别是聚烯烃、优选为聚丙烯的特别是厚度为20-80μm、优选为30-50μm的单轴向牵伸带制的箔或织物组成，并且其中织物的一面或两面上随意地用由热塑性材料、特别是聚烯烃材料组成的熔体涂布，涂层厚度为5-60μm，其特征在于，将由熔体聚合物、特别是聚烯烃、优选为聚丙烯制的、特别是厚度为5-60μm的中间层，在特别是温度为150-380℃、优选为230-260℃下导入到端表面特别是底表面与覆盖片之间，以及随后将端表面特别是底表面与覆盖片压在一起并将端或底表面、中间层和覆盖片冷却到环境温度。
15、根据权利要求14的方法，其中就将覆盖片熔接到包的至少一个端表面、特别是底表面上来说，当使用至少一面被涂布的织物作为包和/或覆盖片而不导入熔体热塑性材料、特别是聚烯烃、优选为聚丙烯时，织物涂层特别是通过热空气被加热直至仅外表面区被塑化、特别是被加热到贯穿深度为2-40μm、特别是3-10μm。
16、根据权利要求14或15的方法，其中就将覆盖片熔接到包的端表面、特别是底表面来说，端或底表面与覆盖片的冷却和加压步骤是同时通过至少一个的冷压件、特别是一对辊(17，17)进行的。
17、根据权利要求14的方法，其中就将覆盖片熔接到包的端表面、特别是底表面来说，包的熔体塑料、特别是聚烯烃、优选为聚丙烯是通过宽缝或纤维挤出模头(16)导入的。
18、根据权利要求14或15的方法，其中就将覆盖片熔接到包的端表面、特别是底表面来说，端或底表面和覆盖片是通过至少一个的具有线和点状表面外形的加热辊或板被加热和被彼此相对地压缩的。
19、根据权利要求14或15的方法，其中将覆盖片熔接到包的端表面特别是底表面是通过摩擦熔接法进行的。
20、根据权利要求14至19的任一项权利要求的方法，其中乙烯/醋酸乙烯酯共聚物与热塑性材料制的编织带涂料(3b，4b)和/或中间层(13)相混合。
21、根据权利要求14至20的任一权利要求的方法，其中在将熔体聚合物导入到端表面与覆盖片之间的步骤前，将至少一个孔(19，19’)设置在至少一个纵向织物盖舌(4，5)的在其搭接状态下搭接窄侧织物盖舌(4’，5’)的区中。
22、根据权利要求14至21的任一项权利要求的方法，其中特别是在将盖舌(4，4’，5，5’)折叠到包的端表面之前和在靠近和特别是在纵向织物盖舌(4，5)当窄侧织物盖舌(4’，5’)之间的折叠边(21，22)的共有部分内设置冷粘合剂、热熔型粘合剂或特别是具有熔点低于织物或中间层材料的热塑性材料、特别是聚烯烃的至少一处的粘合点或粘合区(20，20’)，并且其中在折叠盖舌后的另一步骤中，通过施加热和/或压力而将粘合材料(20，20’)粘合至纵向盖舌(4，5)和窄侧盖舌(4’，5’)。
23、根据权利要求14至22的任一项权利要求的方法，其中在包的一个端面的纵向织物盖舌(4，5)与窄侧织物盖舌(4’，5’)的搭接区之间吹入热空气并将各盖舌相互压缩由此将它们粘在一起。
24、根据权利要求14至23的任一项权利要求的方法，其中纵向设置的织物盖舌(4，5)和处于窄侧之上的织物盖舌(4’，5’)并由通过折叠这些盖舌形成气阱，通过从包的端表面外用热针或热板对这些盖舌加压而将它们相互熔接。
25、根据权利要求14至24的任一项权利要求的方法，其中在端表面与覆盖片之间导入熔体聚合物之前，在至少为一个的在形成包端面中被涉及的纵向织物盖舌(4，5)的由窄侧织物盖舌(5’)的内边(5”)与被置于窄侧盖舌(5’)与纵向盖舌(4，5)之间的挡板的内边(2’)所界定区内设置至少一个孔(18，18’)。
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CN101802294B (zh) * 2007-09-10 2012-12-26 施塔林格有限公司 由单轴向拉伸塑性带形成的涂层织物以及由其制成的袋
CN103889847A (zh) * 2011-02-09 2014-06-25 洛西亚有限公司 用于封闭管状袋体的方法
CN104411485A (zh) * 2012-04-23 2015-03-11 Bsw机器汉德尔斯有限责任公司 用于制造袋子的织物
CN107405854A (zh) * 2015-01-30 2017-11-28 温德莫勒及霍尔希尔公司 用于模制至少一个底部到软管件处的方法和装置
CN107848659A (zh) * 2015-12-22 2018-03-27 维拉特·萨凡塔利达 混合构造袋以及用于制造混合构造袋的方法
CN112141516A (zh) * 2020-09-29 2020-12-29 东莞市和信包装制品有限公司 一种塑料包装袋及其制作设备

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CN100540411C (zh) * 2004-04-21 2009-09-16 雷克特本克斯尔荷兰有限公司 制造容纳线性清洁片的管状袋包装的方法
CN101802294B (zh) * 2007-09-10 2012-12-26 施塔林格有限公司 由单轴向拉伸塑性带形成的涂层织物以及由其制成的袋
US9067364B2 (en) 2007-09-10 2015-06-30 Starlinger & Co Gesellschaft M.B.H. Coated fabric from monoaxially drawn plastic tapes and bag produced therefrom
CN103889847A (zh) * 2011-02-09 2014-06-25 洛西亚有限公司 用于封闭管状袋体的方法
CN104411485A (zh) * 2012-04-23 2015-03-11 Bsw机器汉德尔斯有限责任公司 用于制造袋子的织物
CN107405854A (zh) * 2015-01-30 2017-11-28 温德莫勒及霍尔希尔公司 用于模制至少一个底部到软管件处的方法和装置
CN107848659A (zh) * 2015-12-22 2018-03-27 维拉特·萨凡塔利达 混合构造袋以及用于制造混合构造袋的方法
CN112141516A (zh) * 2020-09-29 2020-12-29 东莞市和信包装制品有限公司 一种塑料包装袋及其制作设备
CN112141516B (zh) * 2020-09-29 2022-05-13 东莞市和信包装制品有限公司 一种塑料包装袋及其制作设备

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HU9602646D0 (en) 1996-11-28
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DE59500921D1 (de) 1997-12-04
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EP0758992A1 (de) 1997-02-26
AT400831B (de) 1996-03-25
CN1071258C (zh) 2001-09-19
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HU220364B (hu) 2001-12-28
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