CN1123132A - 骨胶接剂的混合和出料装置 - Google Patents
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Abstract
骨胶接剂混合和出料装置有一混料缸(1),它由两个缸体组成,在缸体内一透孔的混合柱塞(5)可轴向移动。下缸体(3)由一出料柱塞(12)封闭。一分离柱塞(10)布置在混料缸(1)内混料柱塞(5)与出料柱塞(12)之间,可沿轴向移动。在两缸体(2,3)联结前,该分离柱塞封闭一个缸体(2)。分离柱塞(10)上有串流通道(18)。在混料程序开始时,液态单体经通道可从下缸体(3)流至上缸体(2)内的粉状聚合物中。
Description
本发明是有关骨胶接剂的混合和出料装置,该装置有一个两组件式混料缸(或筒)利用一驱动杆可轴向移动和转动缸内一带透孔的混料柱塞,驱动杆的密封方式外露于缸的一端;缸的另一端由一可释放地馈紧的出料柱塞封闭,该出料柱塞可沿轴向压入混料缸中,以便通过对面的出料口排出混合好的骨胶接剂(bone cement)。
生产骨胶接剂的初始原料为一种粉状聚合物和一秒液态单体。在将骨胶接剂加入骨中之前,必须先直接将粉状聚合物和液态单体混合。因而这个混合程序必须在消毒条件下在手术现场进行。
为此目的,已公开了几种不同的装置。这些装置中的一个共同特点是混料缸,在缸内混合粉状聚合物和液态单体,接着混料缸作为出料缸或料筒使用,已混合好的骨胶接剂即可从缸中压出带到使用场地。
在混合过程中或紧随混合后,混料缸内通常产生真空,以便至少在相当程度上减少骨胶接剂中所形成的气孔。
在上述介绍的一般类型的一种已知装置中(见DE4302230A1),它的初始原料为粉末和液体,须在混合程序前输入混料缸中,只有在这时,混料缸才关闭。利用驱动杆操作混料柱塞,混料缸中的原料才能彻底混合,在此过程中,出料柱塞固定保持在缸端。当混料程序已完成时,出料柱塞即被松脱,作为一压力柱塞压入混料缸中。混合的骨胶接剂即从缸的另一端排出。在这种情况中,液体特别是粉末是自由倒入的,这就有原料带给周围环境的危险并导致污染,这种情况特别是在手术条件下是不希望出现的。在这方面特别要注意的是,粉末有可能在倒入时导致灰尘产生,液态单体会散发蒸汽。为此,在向混料缸倒入初始原料时,有必要尽可能远离手术现场。
本发明的目的是进一步发展上述一般形式的装置,一方面使粉状聚合物,另一方面使液态单体能提前按一种方式配制成,使这些原料能在密封的容器内准备好,并在混料程序前不需再次转移地带到手术地点。
按照本发明,这个目的是这样达到的:在混料缸内,在混料柱塞与出料柱塞之间布置一轴向可移动的分离柱塞。由分离柱塞隔离的混料缸的缸室是互相连接的,至少在靠近出料柱塞处通过至少一个串流通道相互连接。
在准备混料程序时,将粉状聚合物倒入缸体中,缸体也有出料口,出料口内安放着混料柱塞。然后缸体由分离柱塞密封。
液态单体最好保存在一密封的,易于破坏的包装或料筒内,例如一个薄膜袋内,把它装入另一缸体内,该缸体由出料柱塞在底部密封。
在这种已准备好的形式中,初始原料在手术室内准备就位。在混料程序之前两个缸体互相联结,以便形成混料缸。当混料缸封闭时,将驱动杆压入,混料柱塞和分离柱塞即沿出料柱塞方向移动。如果合适的话,破坏储存液体的包装后,液态单体即经一个或一个以上的串流通道流入出料侧储有粉末的缸室。操作混柱塞,粉末和液体即密切混合。为了以下的出料程序,将出料柱塞连同位于它上方的分离柱塞向出料一侧移动。
与已知的一些装置相比,本装置的操作是相当简单的,因为两种原料已以预先配方制成的形式准备好,在手术室内不需要再转移液体或粉末。用这种方法在手术场地可避免由于产生的灰尘和液体蒸气和或飞溅所引起的污染。因而有可能预先按配方制成混合料成分的装料,储存在混料缸的两个缸室内。
最好的是在分离柱塞中配有一个或一个以上的孔,这些孔形成了串流通道。除此外,也可以利用混料缸内壁上的纵向凹槽形成串流通道。
按照本发明优选的实施例,驱动杆以可分离的方式与混料柱塞联结。一个可拆卸的导引衬套安装在混料缸上,驱动杆通过导引衬套密封导引,导引衬套可用一出料喷嘴替换。
因而在完成混料程序后,可以拆去妨碍出料程序的驱动杆。在安装有用于驱动杆的导引衬套的开口中,此时可用于安装一出料喷嘴,这样也可省去形成一个单独的出料开口。
按照本发明的一种特别优选的实施例,在驱动杆与混料柱塞之间的可分离的连接由一预先确定的断点形成。使用这种方法,驱动杆可以极简单的方式脱开,而无需提供专用的连接元件。
按照本发明进一步有利的实施例,在出料柱塞与分离柱塞之间装有一轴向可移动的密封柱塞,该附加的密封柱塞可在混料程序前将存储液态单体的下缸体封闭。在此情况,在混料前,在两个缸体相互联结前,存储粉状聚合物一个缸体由分离柱塞封闭。存储液态单体的另一缸体由密封柱塞封闭。混料程序开始时,当分离柱塞按前述方式沿出料柱塞方向移动时,它也带着密封柱塞一道移动。
本发明构思的更为有利的实施例形成了附属的从属权利要求的主要内容。
对本发明图示的实施例将去以下作更详细的说明,并以附图表示:
图1为一混合和排出骨胶接剂的一种装置的纵向剖面图,双组件式混料缸的两个部件分开表示。
图2—5表示在骨胶接剂混合和出料中时图1中的装置的连续工作位置。
图6和图7表示用于骨胶接剂混合和出料的装置的两个部分,它是对图1所示装置的改进设计。
图8—12的图解方式表示分离柱塞不同的实施例,对每种实施例均以一个剖面a)和以一个半平面图b)表示。
图13为分离柱塞位于带槽缸壁部分时,一简化的局部纵向剖面图。
图1所示的为用于骨胶接剂混合和出料的装置,有一双组件式混料缸1,它由上缸体2和下缸体3组成。两个缸体2、3均可利用快速联结器4,如利用一螺纹接头相互紧密联结。
安装在上缸体2内的是一混料柱塞5,如图例所示,柱塞5包括一透孔板,并可利用驱动杆b作轴向移动和转动。驱动杆6可密封导引通过缸端壁8的导引衬套7,而在它的自由端装有一驱动把手9。
安装在上缸体2下端的是一分离柱塞10,它在混料缸1内可自由运动。图1所表示的是为混料和出料程序作好准备的状态,分离柱塞10形成了上缸体2的下封口。缸室11位于分离柱塞10之上,存储有用作骨胶接剂初始原料的粉状聚合物。
下缸体3在它的下端由一出料柱塞12密封,在位于出料柱塞之上的缸室13有一液体容器14,容器内存有用作骨胶接剂初始原料的液态单体15。液体容器14可以是由易破材料如金属薄膜制成的口袋或料筒。
如图1所示,在为混料程序作好准备的初始状态,下缸体3保持在一保持装置16内,此时利用一可松脱的柱塞联结器17锁紧出料柱塞12。
分离柱塞10中有穿透柱塞的通孔18,它形成了串流通道,在两缸体2和3已经联结后,通道即将已由分离柱塞10相互分离的缸室11和13两者相互连接。
如图2所示,混料程序开始时,利用快速联结器4联结上缸体2与下缸体3。然后,利用驱动杆6和驱动把手9,使混料柱塞5向下移动进入下缸体3中(图3)。混料柱塞5带着分离柱塞10一道移动。利用作用在液体容器14上的压力,液体容器即被破坏,储存在容器内的液态单体15即经串流通道18流入位于容器之上的缸室11内,缸室11内装有粉状聚合物。
然后,使用驱动杆6使混料柱塞5上下移动(图4),必要时作旋转运动。结果是使粉状聚合物与液态单体密切混合。
在驱动杆6的导引衬套7上附连有一真空管19,通过过滤器19a将真空管19伸入缸室11内。通过施加真空,在混料程序进行中在缸室11内建立起真空。利用这种真空,即可防止或大大减少已混合的骨胶接剂中气孔的形成。
当混料程序已经完成时,驱动杆6即与混料柱塞5分离,为此目的,在位于驱动杆6与混料柱塞5之间的联结点处提供一预定的断点20,在此预定的断点20处,可用拉、压或转动使驱动杆6从混料柱塞5处脱开。
然后将导引衬套7从混料缸1中拆去,并换上出料喷嘴21(图5)。混料缸1从保持装置16中移出,而与一出料驱动机构(图中未示)如一手压机联结,利用出料驱动机构将出料柱塞12压入混料缸1中。出料柱塞12带着分离柱塞10一同将存储在混料缸1中已混合好的骨胶接剂经出料喷嘴21压出。
作为一种图示实施例的一种替代方案,也有可能将不密封的液态单体供给到下缸体3内。在两缸体2和3联结时,分离柱塞1 0封闭了上缸体2,以防止当两缸体2和3相互联结时粉状聚合物从上缸体2处逸出。除此以外,两缸体2和3也可作为预先配制成的料筒使用,每个筒中储存两种初始原料中的一种原料。
上述装置的结构可设计成一种真空封闭式和或可消毒的。例如,整个装置在缸体2和3已经联结后和在将装置带到手术区前能够被消毒。
图6和7所表示的实施例与上面描述的实施例的实质性差异在于:一个密封柱塞22布置在下缸体3的上端,即位于出料柱塞12与分离柱塞10之间。在图6和7中所示的状态,两缸体2和3仍然是相互分离的。密封柱塞22封闭了下缸体3的缸室13。密封柱塞22以轴向可移动的方式安装在下缸体3内,同样,密封柱塞有一通孔23,形成了一个串流通道。
当缸体2和3按图2所示相互联结时,分离柱塞10即压靠在密封柱塞22上。按图3所示,当混料柱塞5向下压时,分离柱塞10带着密封柱塞22沿着出料柱塞12的方向运动。
使用密封柱塞22,有可能以密封的方式在下缸体3的缸室13内储存作为骨胶接剂的初始原料的液体,而不需为此目的采用单独的液体容器14。
分离柱塞10上的串流通道18的各种实施例,以图解方式由图8—12表示。
按图8的例子,多个通孔布置在一圆盘上形成了串流通道18。结果是,液态单体以许多单独的液流渗透到粉状聚合物中,以达到紧密的和彻底的混合。
图9表示的实施例,也在图6中做了表示,其中只有一中央通孔作为分离柱塞10中的串流通道18。
在图10的实施例中,串流通道18由位于分离柱塞10边缘的凹槽形成。以这种方式在混料缸的边缘区可以形成液体的串流。
图11是在图8基础上的一种改进,在此也有由许多通孔形成的串流通道18,这些通孔向着缸室11和出料侧制成锥形。以这种方法,在液体通过串流通道进入粉末中时,可对液体流动进行加速
在图12所示实施例中,形成串流通道18的通孔,是相对于缸轴倾斜布置的,以达到较好的混合。另外,这些通孔也可做成锥形,如图12a所示。
图13是以图解方式表明串流通道18可由在混料缸1的内壁中的纵向槽形成。
Claims (11)
1.一种骨胶接剂的混合和出料装置,它具有一个两组件式混料缸,利用一个驱动杆可使一个透孔的混料柱塞在混料缸内作轴向移动和转动,驱动杆以密封方式外露于混料缸的一端,混料缸的另一端由一可松开的锁紧的出料柱塞封闭,出料柱塞可沿轴向压入混料缸内,以便将已混合的骨胶接剂通过对面的出料口排出,其特征是,在混料缸(1)内,在混料柱塞(5)与出料柱塞(12)之间设置一个可沿轴向移动的分离柱塞(10),由分离柱塞(10)分离的混料缸(1)的缸室(11、13)通过至少一个串流通道(18)相互连接。
2.按权利要求1的装置,其特征是,串流通道(18)至少由一个在分离柱塞(10)中的孔形成。
3.按权利要求2的装置,其特征是,分离柱塞(2)有多个孔(18)。
4.按权利要求2或3的装置,其特征是,一个或一个以上的孔(18)朝向出料侧的缸室(11)呈锥状。
5.按权利要求2—4中的任一个的装置,其特征是,孔(18)相对缸轴成倾斜延伸。
6.按权利要求1的装置,其特征是,分离柱塞(10)边缘处的凹槽形成串流通道(18)。
7.按权利要求1的装置,其特征是,串流通道(18)由混料缸(1)内壁中的纵向槽形成。
8.按权利要求1的位置,其特征是,驱动杆(6)可分离地与混料柱塞(5)联结,一个导引衬套(7)可拆下地安装在混料缸(1)上,驱动杆(6)通过衬套(7)密封导引,衬套(7)可由一出料喷嘴(21)替换。
9.按权利要求8的装置,其特征是,在驱动杆(6)与混料柱塞(5)之间的可分离的联结由一预定的断点(20)形成。
10.按权利要求1的装置,其特征是,一轴向可移动的密封柱塞(22)布置在出料柱塞(12)与分离柱塞(10)之间。
11.按权利要求1的装置,其特征是,预先按配方制成的混合料成分的装料可储存在混料缸(1)的两个缸室(11、13)内。
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DE4425218A DE4425218A1 (de) | 1994-07-16 | 1994-07-16 | Vorrichtung zum Mischen und Austragen von Knochenzement |
DEP4425218.8 | 1994-07-16 |
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CN1123132A true CN1123132A (zh) | 1996-05-29 |
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CN95108427A Pending CN1123132A (zh) | 1994-07-16 | 1995-07-14 | 骨胶接剂的混合和出料装置 |
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EP (1) | EP0692229B1 (zh) |
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KR (1) | KR960003688A (zh) |
CN (1) | CN1123132A (zh) |
AT (1) | ATE187885T1 (zh) |
CZ (1) | CZ181895A3 (zh) |
DE (2) | DE4425218A1 (zh) |
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- 1995-06-14 TW TW084106078A patent/TW325403B/zh active
- 1995-07-06 PL PL95309539A patent/PL309539A1/xx unknown
- 1995-07-07 ES ES95110634T patent/ES2142975T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-07-07 DE DE59507462T patent/DE59507462D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-07-07 AT AT95110634T patent/ATE187885T1/de active
- 1995-07-07 EP EP95110634A patent/EP0692229B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-07-13 CZ CZ951818A patent/CZ181895A3/cs unknown
- 1995-07-14 US US08/502,556 patent/US5551778A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-07-14 JP JP20033995A patent/JP3678802B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-07-14 CN CN95108427A patent/CN1123132A/zh active Pending
- 1995-07-15 KR KR1019950020884A patent/KR960003688A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
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CN100337604C (zh) * | 2002-04-11 | 2007-09-19 | 斯恩蒂斯有限公司 | 用于混合和/或注射粘固粉的装置 |
CN1314375C (zh) * | 2002-06-26 | 2007-05-09 | 泰克里斯公司 | 用于人工计量医用流体特别是骨胶接剂的装置 |
CN1972648B (zh) * | 2004-06-22 | 2011-02-09 | 骨支撑股份公司 | 用于制造可硬化物质的设备 |
CN101534753B (zh) * | 2006-09-07 | 2011-12-28 | 惠氏公司 | 骨接合剂混合系统及相关方法 |
US9272803B2 (en) | 2010-07-07 | 2016-03-01 | Heraeus Medical Gmbh | Vacuum cementing system |
CN103189019A (zh) * | 2010-07-07 | 2013-07-03 | 赫罗伊斯医疗有限责任公司 | 真空灌浆系统 |
CN103189019B (zh) * | 2010-07-07 | 2015-07-15 | 赫罗伊斯医疗有限责任公司 | 真空灌浆系统 |
US10059479B2 (en) | 2010-07-07 | 2018-08-28 | Heraeus Medical Gmbh | Vacuum cementing system |
CN103127863A (zh) * | 2011-11-25 | 2013-06-05 | 赫罗伊斯医疗有限责任公司 | 用于混合骨水泥的设备和用于混合骨水泥的方法以及该设备的用途 |
CN105120995B (zh) * | 2013-03-18 | 2017-08-25 | 萨米特医疗器械有限公司 | 用于混合和供应骨水泥的设备 |
CN105120995A (zh) * | 2013-03-18 | 2015-12-02 | 萨米特医疗器械有限公司 | 用于混合和供应骨水泥的设备 |
CN110117143A (zh) * | 2019-05-10 | 2019-08-13 | 大成科创基础建设股份有限公司 | 一种镁基复合材料固化泥浆的方法 |
CN110117143B (zh) * | 2019-05-10 | 2021-09-17 | 大成科创基础建设股份有限公司 | 一种镁基复合材料固化泥浆的方法 |
CN110787675A (zh) * | 2019-12-19 | 2020-02-14 | 沪东中华造船(集团)有限公司 | 一种lng船可移动的静态混合器混合单元自动顶出装置 |
WO2021212275A1 (en) * | 2020-04-20 | 2021-10-28 | Covidien Lp | Motorized mixing device for use with medical agents |
CN111804178A (zh) * | 2020-07-24 | 2020-10-23 | 河南省中医院(河南中医药大学第二附属医院) | 麻醉药物配比装置 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JPH0852338A (ja) | 1996-02-27 |
DE4425218A1 (de) | 1996-01-18 |
JP3678802B2 (ja) | 2005-08-03 |
ATE187885T1 (de) | 2000-01-15 |
EP0692229A1 (de) | 1996-01-17 |
KR960003688A (ko) | 1996-02-23 |
DE59507462D1 (de) | 2000-01-27 |
US5551778A (en) | 1996-09-03 |
CZ181895A3 (en) | 1996-01-17 |
EP0692229B1 (de) | 1999-12-22 |
TW325403B (en) | 1998-01-21 |
PL309539A1 (en) | 1996-01-22 |
ES2142975T3 (es) | 2000-05-01 |
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