CN1115083C - 印刷电路板的制造方法和制成印刷电路板 - Google Patents

印刷电路板的制造方法和制成印刷电路板 Download PDF

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CN1115083C
CN1115083C CN97119329A CN97119329A CN1115083C CN 1115083 C CN1115083 C CN 1115083C CN 97119329 A CN97119329 A CN 97119329A CN 97119329 A CN97119329 A CN 97119329A CN 1115083 C CN1115083 C CN 1115083C
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本胜秀
长谷川正生
畠中秀夫
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Abstract

在粘附性绝缘体的规定位置上设置贯通孔,在各个贯通孔内填充由导电胶或金属粒状体构成的导电材料,用加热加压法把已形成与脱模性支持板的表面上的布线图形复制到上述粘附性绝缘体的表面上。与复制布线图形的同时,用已填充到贯通孔内的导电材料进行层间通路连接。

Description

印刷电路板的制造方法及制成的印刷电路板
技术领域
本发明涉及一种印刷电路板,特别是涉及双面电路板和多层电路板的制造方法。
背景技术
近年来,随着电子设备的小型化和高密度化,不仅在工业使用的设备而且在民用设备的领域里,也都强烈盼望能够廉价地供应一种可把LSI等的半导体芯片,高密度组装起来的多层电路板。在这样的多层电路板中,重要的是能高可靠性地把以微细的布线间距形成的多层布线图形之间电连接起来。
对于涉及高精度和多功能化了的电子设备的上述的这种要求,在采用钻孔加工、贴铜叠层板的刻蚀和电镀加工法而生产的现有印刷电路板来说,满足这些要求是困难的。为解决这样的课题,人们正在开发以具备新构造的印刷电路板和高密度布线为目的制造方法。
作为这样的一种方法,有本身适于高密度表面组装的微细布线图形形成方法的最新技术的,采用布线图形复制的印刷电路板的制造方法。该制造方法把电镀技术和复制法用作基本技术。使用已用电镀铜形成布线图形的2块金属板,把环氧树脂浸渍玻璃料之类的半硬化状态的树脂板的两面夹起来,采用热压等办法进行加压加热,把金属板上的镀铜布线图形,复制到树脂板的表面上。此后,用钻孔法加工孔形成通孔,并采用对通孔的内壁施行镀铜的办法,对双面布线图形进行电路连接(福富直树他,“采用布线复制法的微细布线技术的开发”,电子信息通信学会论文志,C-II,Vol.,J72-C-II,No.4,PP243-253,1989)。采用该方法获得的线宽和线之间间距为20μm。
作为另外一种技术,有称之为“ALIVH”(松下电器工业(公司)的商标)的整层IVH构造的树脂多层基板。在该多层电路板中,不用现有主流的多层电路板的层间连接通孔内壁的镀铜导体,而代以把导电材料填充到内部贯通孔之内。因而,提高了连接的可靠性,而且,在元件区底下或任何层间都容易作成内部贯通孔。
下面,就该“ALTVH”电路板的制造方法进行说明。图5(a)~(f)是表示该制造工序的剖面图。如图5(a)所示,在由已把环氧树脂浸含于丙氨酸无纺布内的丙氨酸环氧树脂粘合材料等构成的粘附性绝缘体501的规定处,用激光加工机打孔形成孔502。接着,如图5(b)所示,把流动性的导电胶503填充到通孔502内。接着,如图5(c)所示,把铜箔504重叠到粘附性绝缘体501的两个面上并进行加热加压。由此,使粘合材料状态的粘附性绝缘体501和导电胶503硬化,把双面的铜箔504粘附于粘附性绝缘体501的两个面上,同时通过已填充于通孔502中的导电胶503使它电连接起来。接着,用公知的光刻法蚀刻两个面的铜箔504,并形成布线图形505a和505b。这样一来,就得到如图5(d)所示的双面电路板506。
接着,如图5(e)所示,把上述的双面电路板506作为型芯,在其两个面上,用示于图5(b)的工序,使已作成的另一粘附性绝缘体501a和501b位置配合使其重叠。在这些粘合材料中,分别在规定的位置形成通孔,并填充上导电胶。而且,进而采用把铜箔507a和507b重叠在其外侧,进行整体加热和加压的办法使其多层化。接着与在图5(d)示出的工序同样,用光刻法蚀刻最外层的铜箔507a和507b。这样,就得到具备如图5(f)所示的那样的外层布线图形508a和508b的4层电路板509。该电路板的制造方法由于用激光形成通孔、用流动性导电胶进行铜箔层间的电连接,故可作成直径极小的通路连接。
然而,在上述的布线图形复制法中,因为用机械加工法形成通孔,故在其缩小直径方面有其界限。另一方面,在上述的“ALIVH”电路板上,由于利用现有的光刻法进行蚀刻形成内外层的铜箔布线图形,故对其布线间距和布线宽度等的形成密度的精细方面存在限度。这些限度对电子元件的高密度表面组装,特别是,对要求以高密度组装最新的芯片元件或LSI配对芯片等的超小型电子元件就成了障碍。
发明内容
为了解决上述的课题,提供一种采用有效利用现有的布线图形复制法和整层IVH构造树脂多层基板的两方面优点的办法,可以作成高密度的元件组装的微细图形印刷电路板的制造方法。
本发明的电路板的制造方法具备下列工序:在已形成于粘附性绝缘体上的贯通孔中埋入导电材料,并在脱模性支持板的表面上形成导电布线图形,采用从脱模性支持板的表面把导电布线图形复制到粘附性绝缘体的表面上的办法,在粘附性绝缘体的表面上形成布线层,同时进行通路连接。
因而,若采用本发明,可把电路板的布线图形作成具有极微细布线间距的微细图形,且作成极微细的通路连接。另外,由于工序简单,故可廉价地提供以往所没有的高密度电路板。
并且,本发明的另一种制造方法,把利用通过上述的方法制成的电路板作为型芯,将具有已埋入了导电材料的贯通孔的第2粘附性绝缘体叠层于电路板的表面上,并采用把已形成于第2脱模性支持板的表面上的第2导电布线图形复制到第2粘附性绝缘体的表面上的办法,形成表层布线,同时进行表层布线与内层布线的电连接。因此,可廉价地制造出微细图形的多层电路板。此外,可采用反复进行上述工序的办法增加叠层数。
本发明的又一种制造方法,把利用用现有的方法制成的电路板作为型芯,将具有已埋入了导电材料的贯通孔的第2粘附性绝缘体叠层于双面电路板或多层电路板的表面上,并采用把已形成于脱模性支持板的表面上的导电布线图形复制到粘附性绝缘体的表面上的办法,形成表层布线,同时进行表层布线与内层布线的电连接。因此,能既廉价又容易地制造出多层电路板。在这种情况下,也可采用反复进行上述工序的办法增加叠层数。
在上述这样的本发明的各种制造方法中,最好使用具有流动性的导电胶作为埋入贯通孔的导电材料。因此,可作成极微细孔径通路连接,同时可靠性也提高了。
并且,在把导电布线图形形成于脱模性支持板的表面上的工序中,使用具有导电性的脱模性支持板,并在其表面上形成光刻膜之后,可以采用电镀法形成导电布线图形。已印制好微细图形的光刻胶后,由于可用电镀法形成导电布线图形,故与蚀刻法相比,可形成更微细的布线图形。另外,导电体的消耗少,并可达到降低成本。
作为在脱模性支持板的表面上形成导电布线图形的另一种较好方法,采用在脱模性支持板的表面上印制导电胶的办法,形成导电布线图形也是可行的。该方法具有可以以低成本形成导电布线图形的优点。
并且,在把导电布线图形形成于脱模性支持板的表面上的工序中,也可以夹着绝缘层,并形成连接了通路的多层布线图形。可以用一次复制工序形成具备多个内层布线的多层电路板。
用作粘附性绝缘体,可使用半硬化状态的树脂绝缘体。当通过加热加压法把已电镀于脱模性支持板的布线图形复制到粘附性绝缘体的表面上时,使半硬化状态的绝缘体完全硬化,在这种情况下,可获得形成布线图形的导电体对绝缘体的牢固粘接。
并且,用作粘附性绝缘体,可使用因多孔性而具有可压缩性的半硬化状态的绝缘体。当用加热加压法把在具有脱模性支持板上已电镀的布线图形复制到粘附性绝缘体的表面上时,采用压缩粘附性绝缘体的同时也压缩贯通孔内的导电材料的办法,就能获得导电性优良可靠性高的通路连接。
进而,用作粘附性绝缘体,可使用在丙氨酸无纺布上浸含未硬化树脂的粘合材料。该材料复制性、压缩性等的特性都是理想的。并且,既本身重量轻又具备与陶瓷基板匹配的低热膨胀率,并可获得具有低介电常数、高耐热性的极为实用的高电路板。
在上述的电路板的制造方法中,在从脱模性支持板的表面把导电布线图形复制到粘附性绝缘体的表面之际,可以用加热加压法进行复制的同时,使粘附性绝缘体完全成为硬化状态。通过加热加压把导电布线图形牢固地复制且粘附于粘附性绝缘体的表面上,在形成微细布线图形的同时,促进粘附性绝缘体的聚合反应而获得机械强度优良的电路板。
本发明的电路板的特征在于,具备:具有埋入导电材料的贯通孔、用复制法形成于上述粘附性绝缘体的表面上,且与上述贯通孔内的导电材料进行电连接的导电布线图形,上述导电布线图形被埋入到上述粘附性绝缘体的表面上成为齐平面。这样的电路板,由于表面是个平面,故在LSI芯片倒装方面都很顺利。
最好,至少在与上述粘附性绝缘体的通孔重叠的部分上,形成于粘附性绝缘体上的导电布线图形的宽度比通孔的孔径要小。若采用这样的结构,就可缓和采用具有微细图形的电路板而造成的严格的图形偏移最大容许值。
附图说明
图1(a)~(e)表示本发明的第1实施例的电路板的制造工序的剖面图;
图2(a)表示由本发明的布线图形的通孔决定的容许偏移量,(b)表示由现有的布线图形的通孔决定的容许偏移量;
图3(a)~(c)表示本发明的第2实施例的电路板的制造工序的剖面图;
图4表示使用于本发明的第3实施例的电路板的制造方法的脱模性支持板的剖面图;
图5表示使用现有的内通孔的多层电路板的制造工序的剖面图。
具体实施方式
实施例1
根据图1(a)~(e)所示的剖面图说明本发明的第1实施例的电路板的制造方法。
在图1(a)中,111是具有导电性的脱模性支持板,最好使用以合适的状态粗糙化了表面的金属板,通常使用不锈钢板。在图1(a)的工序中,在脱模性支持板的已粗糙化了表面的表面上,形成已刻制成图形的光刻胶膜112。
接着,如图(b)所示,在脱模性支持板111的已粗糙化了表面的表面中的,除了光刻胶膜112此外部分上用电镀法形成布线图形113,之后,除去光刻胶膜112。
在示出了下一工序的图1(c)中,114是粘附性绝缘体,可以是在丙氨酸无纺布上浸含有环氧树脂的丙氨酸环氧树脂粘合材料。丙氨酸环氧树脂粘合材料由于多孔性而兼具压缩性和粘附性的半硬化状态的薄膜,适用于本发明的微细图形形成和高可靠性的通路连接。通过压缩,使通路连接的电阻值减小也是个优点。
粘附性绝缘体114具有采用激光加工法形成于规定位置的微细贯通孔115,并把导电材料116填充到这些微细贯通孔115内。通常,在使用二氧化碳气体激光器的情况下,微细贯通孔115的孔径约为150μm,若使用激态复合物激光器,则孔径可微小到30~50μm。并且,就导电材料116而言,可使用黏度为1000~3000泊的由铜粉、树脂和硬化剂组成的流动性的导电胶。
如图1(d)所示,在该粘附性绝缘体114的两个面上,把已形成布线图形113的脱模性支持板111和已形成布线图形117的脱模性支持板118重叠起来。而且,从该叠层体的两边,用加热加压机(图中未示出),以规定的时间加规定的温度和压力。在该加热加压工序中,压缩粘附性绝缘体114使之完全成为硬化状态,并且,采用使微细贯通孔115内的导电材料116的密度提高的办法,以高导电率把布线图形113和117电连接起来。
接着,如图1(e)所示,剥离脱模性支持板111和118。其结果,获得了包含使含有埋入绝缘体表面成了与绝缘体齐平面的布线图形113、117,以及对这些布线图形113与117进行层间连接(即,通路连接)的导电材料116的双面电路板119。
不是在脱模性支持板111和118上预先形成布线图形113和117,而是可在脱模性支持板的上面形成薄的容易脱模薄铜,在加热、加压及剥离工序之后,通过蚀刻已复制的表面铜箔也可形成布线图形。该方法虽然增加了工序,但具有可稳定地形成微细布线图形的优点。该方法也包含在本发明的范围内。
导电材料116不一定要用导电胶,也可以是,比如说锡焊料或金焊料之类的金属。
并且,在用导电胶印制法形成布线图形113和117的情况下,使用聚酯等绝缘材料的基板作为脱模性支持板来代替象不锈钢板之类的导电基板。对基板的表面还可施加易于进行脱模的处理。
粘附性绝缘体114不限于在丙氨酸无纺布上浸含环氧树脂的丙氨酸环氧树脂粘合材料,而且也可使用环氧树脂浸渍玻璃料。还可以把接合剂或粘合剂涂布于聚酯或聚酰亚胺等的薄膜上。
若采用本实施例,可以容易地制造出具备线宽和线间都为30μm的微细布线,在复制布线图形的同时,就能得到通路连接后的双面电路板或多层电路板。
在图1中,通路连接的部分的布线图形113(通路焊区)的宽度也不一定需要比微细贯通孔115的孔径大。宁可,采用把布线图形的宽度作成比微细贯通孔115的孔径还小的办法,使通孔与微细布线图形之间的位置对合变得容易起来。这个样子示于图2(a)和(b)。图2(a)示出了在贯通孔203(填充了导电材料的通孔)上通过比该孔径还窄的布线图形201的样子。布线图形201兼做通路焊区。
本发明的制造方法,由于使用复制法形成布线图形而无需蚀刻工序,所以可作成比上述这种孔径线还宽窄的结构。在图2(a)的情况下,即使布线图形201对贯通孔203偏移到用虚线表示的位置,也一概保证两者之间的电连接(容许偏移量S)。
另一方面,不用复制而采用铜箔的蚀刻法,在刻制图形进行布线的方法中,如图2(b)所示,如果用通路焊区覆盖通孔,腐蚀液就会侵蚀通孔内的导电材料。在图2(b)中,布线图形201与偏移到和虚线的位置202相邻的通路焊区使之短路。因而,此时容许偏移量S′变成了比图2(a)情况的容许偏量S还小。
本发明的电路板由于可以把布线图形减小到比通孔的孔径还要小,故制造时的图形位置配合容易,因而可廉价地制造电路板。
实施例2
图3(a)~(c)是表示本发明第2实施例的电路板制造工序的剖面图。
在图3中,319是预先已准备好的双面电路板,并在通孔320上具备层间已连接的双面基板布线321。在其一个侧面上配置在用第1实施例说明过的激光加工法形成了贯通孔315中已埋入导电材料16后的粘附性绝缘体314(例如丙氨酸环氧树脂粘合材料)。同样地在另一侧上配置埋入导电材料316a的粘附性绝缘体314a。两处的粘附性绝缘体314和314a构成材料相同,但贯通孔315和315a的位置根据各自对应的布线图形而不同。
接着,在上述的粘附性绝缘体314的外侧配置已形成第1布线图形322的第1脱模性支持板323。同样,在上述的粘附性绝缘体314a的外侧配置已形成第2布线图形324的第2脱模性支持板325。
如图3(b)所示,用真空加压机(图中未示出)从两面以规定的温度和压力进行一定时间的加压加热。在比例说使用丙氨酸环氧树脂粘合材料的情况下,在30Kg/cm2、180C下保持1个小时。这样一来,粘附性绝缘体314、314a和贯通孔315、315a内的导电材料316、316a受到压缩并使之完全硬化。通过导电材料316把第1布线图形322与双面电路板319的一个面的布线图形321连接起来,通过导电材料316a把第2布线图形324与双面电路板319的另一个面的布线图形321连接起来。
接着,如图3(c)所示,剥离第1脱模性支持板323和第2脱模性支持板325。其结果,可获得具有包括表面与绝缘体成了齐平面的第1脱模性支持板325和第2布线图形324的4层布线图形的多层电路板326。
在本实施例中,构成型芯的双面电路板319可使用按照第1实施例制作的电路板。或者,也可以使用由通过现有的蚀刻法形成的纸、酚醛或玻璃环氧树脂等构成的双面电路板或多层电路板作为型芯。这种情况下,可用现有技术作成的比较廉价的电路板作为型芯,在其单面或双面上以低成本制造具备微细布线(例如线宽、线间距为30μm)的双面电路板或多层电路板。
实施例3
图4是使用于本发明第3实施例的电路板的制造方法的脱模性支持板的剖面图。在本实施例中,在脱模性支持板上预先形成2层布线图形。首先,在脱模性支持板431的表面上形成第1层布线图形432并在其表面上涂布或印制上绝缘层433。作为绝缘层433的材料,最好采用感光性环氧树脂或聚酰亚胺树脂等有机材料。
接着,在绝缘层433的规定位置上用激光加工机直接或并用蚀刻法进行通孔434的打孔,并在其内部形成导电体435,同时,在绝缘层433的表面上形成第2层布线图形436。这样一来,就准备好了具有2层布线图形的脱模性支持板431。然后,继续进行复制等工序则与第1和第2实施例相同。
在本实施例中所用的具有2层布线图形的脱模性支持板431上,采用加高法形成第3层布线图形,或是,还可依次形成4层以上的布线图形。采用使用形成这样的多层布线图形的脱模性支持板的办法,就可在一次复制工序中同时复制多层布线图形,获得低成本的多层电路板。

Claims (14)

1、一种印刷电路板的制造方法,具有下列工序:
在粘附性绝缘体上形成多个的贯通孔;
在上述贯通孔中埋入导电材料;
在脱模性支持板的表面上形成导电布线图形;
采用从脱模性支持板的表面把上述导电布线图形复制到上述粘附性绝缘体的表面上的办法,在上述粘附性绝缘体的表面上形成布线层,同时进行通路连接。
2、根据权利要求1所述的印刷电路板的制造方法,其特征是,具备下列工序:
将根据权利要求1制成的印刷电路板作为第1型芯电路板,
在上述第1型芯电路板的表面上,叠层具有已埋入导电材料的贯通孔的第2粘附性绝缘体的工序,和
采用把形成于第2脱模性支持板的表面上的第2导电性布线图形复制到上述第2粘附性绝缘体的表面上的办法,进行表层布线和内层布线之间的电连接的工序。
3、根据权利要求1所述的印刷电路板的制造方法,其特征是,具备下列工序:
在根据权利要求1制成的印刷电路板的表面上,
叠层具有已埋入导电材料的贯通孔的粘附性绝缘体;以及
采用把已形成于脱模性支持板的表面的导电性布线图形复制到上述粘附性绝缘体的表面上的办法,在上述印刷电路板的表面上形成布线层,同时进行通路连接。
4、根据权利要求1、2或3所述的印刷电路板的制造方法,其特征是,使用具有流动性的导电胶作为埋入上述贯通孔的导电材料。
5、根据权利要求1、2或3所述的印刷电路板的制造方法,其特征是,在上述粘附性绝缘体的表面上形成导电性布线图形的工序中,使用具有导电性的脱模性支持板,在该表面上形成光刻胶膜后,用电镀法形成上述导电性布线图形。
6、根据权利要求1、2或3所述的印刷电路板的制造方法,其特征是,在上述粘附性绝缘体的表面上形成导电性布线图形的工序中,采用把导电胶印制到上述脱模性支持板的表面上的办法,形成上述导电性布线图形。
7、根据权利要求1、2或3所述的印刷电路板的制造方法,其特征是,在上述粘附性绝缘体的表面上形成导电性布线图形的工序中,夹着绝缘层,而且,形成通路已连接的多层布线图形。
8、根据权利要求1、2或3所述的印刷电路板的制造方法,其特征是,把半硬化状态的绝缘体用作上述粘附性绝缘体。
9、根据权利要求1、2或3所述的印刷电路板的制造方法,其特征是,把因多孔性而具有压缩性的半硬化状态的绝缘体用作上述粘附性绝缘体。
10、根据权利要求1、2或3所述的印刷电路板的制造方法,其特征是,把在丙氨酸无纺布上浸含有未硬化树脂的粘合材料用作上述粘附性绝缘体。
11、根据权利要求1、2或3所述的印刷电路板的制造方法,其特征是,在从脱模性支持板的表面上把上述导电性布线图形复制到粘附性绝缘体的表面上的工序中,用加压加热法进行上述复制,同时使上述粘附性绝缘体成为完全硬化状态。
12、一种印刷电路板,具备:
具有已埋入导电材料的贯通孔;以及
复制于上述粘附性绝缘体的表面上,并且,与上述导电材料电连接的导电性布线图形;
其特征在于:
把上述导电性布线图形埋入到上述粘附性绝缘体的表面上使其成为齐平面。
13、根据权利要求12所述的印刷电路板,其特征是,已复制于上述粘附性绝缘体上的导电性布线图形的宽度,至少在与上述粘附性绝缘体的通孔重叠的部分上,比上述通孔的孔径还小。
14、根据权利要求2所述的印刷电路板的制造方法,其特征在于,具备下列工序:
在根据权利要求2制成的印刷电路板的表面上,
叠层具有已埋入导电材料的贯通孔的粘附性绝缘体;以及
采用把已形成于脱模性支持板的表面的导电性布线图形复制到上述粘附性绝缘体的表面上的办法,在上述印刷电路板的表面上形成布线层,同时进行通路连接。
CN97119329A 1996-09-06 1997-09-06 印刷电路板的制造方法和制成印刷电路板 Expired - Lifetime CN1115083C (zh)

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JPH1084186A (ja) 1998-03-31
KR19980024348A (ko) 1998-07-06
TW342579B (en) 1998-10-11
KR100272314B1 (ko) 2001-01-15
JP3241605B2 (ja) 2001-12-25
CN1177901A (zh) 1998-04-01
US6195882B1 (en) 2001-03-06

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