CN110278842B - Wind erosion preventing planting method for intercropping cyperus esculentus and millet in windy and sandy area - Google Patents
Wind erosion preventing planting method for intercropping cyperus esculentus and millet in windy and sandy area Download PDFInfo
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- CN110278842B CN110278842B CN201910686678.2A CN201910686678A CN110278842B CN 110278842 B CN110278842 B CN 110278842B CN 201910686678 A CN201910686678 A CN 201910686678A CN 110278842 B CN110278842 B CN 110278842B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/20—Cereals
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/25—Root crops, e.g. potatoes, yams, beet or wasabi
Abstract
The invention discloses a planting method for preventing wind erosion by intercropping cyperus esculentus and foxtail millet in a sand storm area, which comprises the steps of seed soaking and germination accelerating of cyperus esculentus, seed soaking and germination accelerating of foxtail millet, soil preparation and fertilization, planting of cyperus esculentus and foxtail millet, field management, harvesting and soil preparation. The cyperus esculentus is planted in the cyperus esculentus planting area in the sand area through intercropping of cyperus esculentus and millet, the millet can be used for fixing soil after root stubble is left, the millet straw can also cover dry surface soil after cyperus esculentus is harvested, the water content of surface soil particles is kept, the separation starting of soil erodible particles under the action of wind power is controlled, the wind power erosion of the exposed surface soil is weakened, the surface soil loss is reduced, the wind erosion scale and degree are reduced, meanwhile, the yield of cyperus esculentus and millet is increased, the utilization rate of the land is increased, higher economic benefit and ecological benefit are obtained, and the intercropping planting mode lays a foundation for large-scale popularization and planting of the cyperus esculentus in the sand area.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of crop planting, in particular to a wind erosion prevention planting method for intercropping cyperus esculentus and millet in a sand storm area.
Background
The wind and sand area refers to the area with dry climate, rich sand source, sparse vegetation and large and frequent wind, under the wind erosion, the gravel surface is remained, the fine soil is blown, and the sand particles flow on the ground surface to spread. According to preliminary estimation, the aeolian sand areas are mainly distributed on desert edges, river coasts in the desert and sandy wastelands of desert lake basins, and the area is about two hundred million mu. The aeolian sandy area of China is between 36 degrees and 49 degrees of north latitude from east to west and spans four natural zones of grassland, hay land, semi-desert and desert. The sand storm area is not well treated, and a lot of harm can be brought. For this reason, various biological measures, engineering measures, and agricultural technical measures for the aeolian sandy areas have emerged.
On the other hand, the cyperus esculentus is a novel oil and grain multipurpose crop with high quality, high yield and high comprehensive utilization value, integrates grain, oil, pasturing and feeding, is also named as cyperus esculentus, and is an ornamental plant for beautifying and greening the environment. The variety has strong adaptability and high yield, the yield per mu is generally 1000Kg of fresh beans, 500Kg of dry beans and 1 mu of cyperus esculentus is equivalent to 7-10 mu of rape. The cyperus esculentus has fine and long leaf needles, the plant height is about 1 m, the growth is vigorous, the tillering force is strong, and tubers are formed underground. And millet is a plant of the family Gramineae. It is also called millet and millet or sorghum. Annual herbaceous plants; thick and strong stalk, few tillers, long and narrow tippet-shaped blades, obvious medium veins and small veins and fine hair; panicle-like panicles; the ear length is 20-30 cm; the spikelets cluster and grow on the third-level branch stalks, and the spikelets basically have bristles. Every ear has hundreds to thousands of seeds, the seed size is very small, the diameter is about 0.1cm, the ears are generally golden yellow after being matured, the ears are oval, and the grains are mostly yellow. Peeled off and commonly called millet. The husk of millet has various colors of white, red, yellow, black, orange and purple, and is commonly called that the millet has five colors. Millet is widely cultivated in temperate zone and tropical zone of continental europe, the middle and upper reaches of yellow river of China are main cultivation areas, and a small amount of millet is cultivated in other areas.
At present, no planting method for combining cyperus esculentus and foxtail millet in the sand storm area exists, and no research on the anti-sand effect of cyperus esculentus and foxtail millet intercropping exists.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide the wind erosion prevention planting method for intercropping the cyperus esculentus and the foxtail millet in the sand storm area.
The purpose of the invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:
a planting method for preventing wind erosion by intercropping cyperus esculentus and millet in a windy and sandy area comprises the following steps:
seed soaking and germination accelerating steps of cyperus esculentus: airing the cyperus esculentus for 1-2 days, soaking the cyperus esculentus in warm water at 40-50 ℃ for 18-20 hours, taking out the cyperus esculentus when the seeds are soaked until no wrinkles exist on the surface, accelerating germination until the length of the buds is 0.5-0.8cm, and obtaining cyperus esculentus bud seedlings;
seed soaking and germination accelerating steps of millet: firstly airing the millet for 1-2 days, then putting the seeds into flowing clear water to be soaked for 7-8h, then diluting 25% prochloraz by 3000 times, soaking the seeds for 4-5h, and then repeatedly washing the rice seeds with clear water; after washing, uniformly spreading the rice seeds on a wetting gunny bag, covering the other wetting gunny bag on the rice seeds, controlling the temperature to be 35-38 ℃, and obtaining the germinated millet after 20-25 hours;
land preparation and fertilization steps: deep ploughing in a wind-blown sand area to be planted, and making ridges after deep ploughing; then, ditching in the cyperus esculentus planting area, filling nutrient media in the ditches, and then covering soil again; finely leveling a millet planting area, and then applying a base fertilizer;
planting cyperus esculentus and millet: planting in the cyperus esculentus growing area to obtain cyperus esculentus bud seedlings, broadcasting germinated millets in the millet growing area, and intercropping two or four lines of millets between two ridges of cyperus esculentus;
field management steps: weeding when the cyperus esculentus seedlings are exposed 5-20cm above the ground, harrowing the seeds with a short rake, carrying out comprehensive irrigation in the tillering stage and the fruit expanding stage of the millet, applying thoroughly decomposed farmyard manure in the ear-bearing and heading stage of the millet, additionally applying 15-16 kg of urea and 1-1.5 kg of potassium sulfate per mu at the early flowering stage of the millet and 45-50kg of monopotassium phosphate per mu at the late flowering stage of the millet;
harvesting and soil preparation: harvesting ears of the millet, harvesting cyperus esculentus by cyperus esculentus, and covering the surface soil of the harvested millet with the residue to prevent wind erosion; the cyperus esculentus and the millet are alternately planted between the annual lines, namely, the cyperus esculentus is planted in the millet stubble field in the second year in a no-tillage mode, the millet is planted in the cyperus esculentus field, and the rice is deeply loosened once in 3-4 years.
Further, in the seed soaking and germination accelerating step, after germination accelerating is carried out until the length of a bud is 0.5-0.8cm, a bean pulp soaking solution is irrigated, the root of the cyperus esculentus is soaked in the bean pulp soaking solution for 1-2 days, and the bean pulp soaking solution is prepared according to the following method: mixing bean pulp and water according to the weight ratio of 1: (12-15), soaking, sealing and fermenting for 7-10 days, and adding 30-40 times of water.
Further, in the step of land preparation and fertilization, deep ploughing is carried out in a sandy area to be planted, the ploughing depth is 20-25 cm, 15-20 kg/mu of nitrogen fertilizer is applied before deep ploughing, the land is harrowed loosely and finely, and ridges with the width of 25-30cm are formed.
Further, in the step of land preparation and fertilization, the direction of the furrows during deep ploughing is perpendicular to the main wind direction.
Further, in the step of land preparation and fertilization, the nutrient substrate comprises the following components in parts by weight: 8-25 parts of rapeseed cakes, 15-20 parts of grape wine residues, 3-10 parts of radix isatidis, 5-10 parts of starch, 1-5 parts of celastrol, 1-5 parts of azadirachtin, 10-20 parts of diatomite, 10-30 parts of leaf mold, 2-9 parts of coconut husk, 10-15 parts of poultry manure, 8-10 parts of coal residues, 6-7 parts of humus soil, 8-10 parts of coarse sand, 6-8 parts of bagasse, 5-9 parts of bran and 0.1-0.2 part of rooting powder.
Further, in the land preparation and fertilization step, 1600kg of base fertilizer is applied per mu, and the base fertilizer is a mixture of nitrogen fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potassium fertilizer and livestock and poultry manure.
Further, in the planting step of the cyperus esculentus and the foxtail millet, the plant spacing of the cyperus esculentus is 20cm, and the row spacing is 50 cm; the row spacing of the hill-drop planting of the millet is 20cm, the row spacing is 40cm, 2-3 plants are reserved in each hole, and 4-4.5-ten thousand plants are reserved per mu; the row spacing between the cyperus esculentus and the millet is 50cm, the cyperus esculentus is sown at the temperature which is stable at more than 12 ℃, and the millet is sown at the temperature which is stable at more than 10 ℃.
Further, in the planting step of the cyperus esculentus and the millet, two rows or four rows of millet are intercropped between two ridges of the cyperus esculentus.
Further, in the harvesting and soil preparation step, the deep scarification depth is 25-30 cm.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the planting method for preventing wind erosion by intercropping cyperus esculentus and millet in the sand blast area, provided by the invention, has the advantages that the cyperus esculentus and the millet are intercropped in the sand blast area, the root stubble of the millet can be used for fixing soil, the millet straw can also cover dry surface soil after cyperus esculentus is harvested, the water content of surface soil particles is kept, the separation starting of the soil erodible particles under the action of wind power is controlled, the wind power erosion on the exposed surface soil is reduced, the surface soil loss is reduced, the wind erosion scale and degree are reduced, meanwhile, the yield of cyperus esculentus and millet is increased, the utilization rate of the soil is increased, higher economic benefit and ecological benefit are obtained, and the intercropping planting mode lays a foundation for large-scale popularization and planting of cyperus esculentus in the sand blast area.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the planting of two rows of millet intercropped by two ridges of cyperus esculentus provided in example 1 of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic view of planting four rows of millet intercropped by two ridges of cyperus esculentus provided in embodiment 2 of the invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and the detailed description, and it should be noted that any combination of the embodiments or technical features described below can be used to form a new embodiment without conflict.
A planting method for preventing wind erosion by intercropping cyperus esculentus and millet in a windy and sandy area comprises the following steps:
seed soaking and germination accelerating steps of cyperus esculentus: airing the cyperus esculentus for 1-2 days, soaking the cyperus esculentus in warm water at 40-50 ℃ for 18-20 hours, taking out the cyperus esculentus when the seeds are soaked until no wrinkles exist on the surface, accelerating germination until the length of the buds is 0.5-0.8cm, and obtaining cyperus esculentus bud seedlings;
seed soaking and germination accelerating steps of millet: firstly airing the millet for 1-2 days, then putting the seeds into flowing clear water to be soaked for 7-8h, then diluting 25% prochloraz by 3000 times, soaking the seeds for 4-5h, and then repeatedly washing the rice seeds with clear water; after washing, uniformly spreading the rice seeds on a wetting gunny bag, covering the other wetting gunny bag on the rice seeds, controlling the temperature to be 35-38 ℃, and obtaining the germinated millet after 20-25 hours;
land preparation and fertilization steps: deep ploughing in a wind-blown sand area to be planted, and making ridges after deep ploughing; then, ditching in the cyperus esculentus planting area, filling nutrient media in the ditches, and then covering soil again; finely leveling a millet planting area, and then applying a base fertilizer;
planting cyperus esculentus and millet: planting in a cyperus esculentus growing area to obtain cyperus esculentus bud seedlings, broadcasting germinated millets in the millet growing area, and intercropping two or four lines of millets between two ridges of cyperus esculentus;
field management steps: weeding when the cyperus esculentus seedlings are exposed 5-20cm above the ground, harrowing the seeds with a short rake, carrying out comprehensive irrigation in the tillering stage and the fruit expanding stage of the millet, applying thoroughly decomposed farmyard manure in the ear-bearing and heading stage of the millet, additionally applying 15-16 kg of urea and 1-1.5 kg of potassium sulfate per mu at the early flowering stage of the millet and 45-50kg of monopotassium phosphate per mu at the late flowering stage of the millet;
harvesting and soil preparation: harvesting ears of the millet, harvesting cyperus esculentus by cyperus esculentus, and covering the surface soil of the harvested millet with the residue to prevent wind erosion; the cyperus esculentus and the millet are alternately planted between the annual lines, namely, the cyperus esculentus is planted in the millet stubble field in the second year in a no-tillage mode, the millet is planted in the cyperus esculentus field, and the rice is deeply loosened once in 3-4 years.
In the step of seed soaking and germination acceleration, after germination acceleration is carried out until the length of a bud is 0.5-0.8cm, a bean pulp soak solution is irrigated, the root of the cyperus esculentus is soaked in the bean pulp soak solution for 1-2 days, and the bean pulp soak solution is prepared according to the following method: mixing bean pulp and water according to the weight ratio of 1: (12-15), soaking, sealing and fermenting for 7-10 days, and adding 30-40 times of water.
In the step of land preparation and fertilization, deep ploughing is carried out in a sandy area to be planted, the ploughing depth is 20-25 cm, 15-20 kg/mu of nitrogen fertilizer is applied before deep ploughing, and the land is harrowed loosely and finely to form ridges with the width of 25-30 cm.
In a further embodiment, in the step of fertilizing for land preparation, the direction of the furrows during deep ploughing is perpendicular to the main wind direction.
As a further embodiment, in the step of land preparation and fertilization, the nutrient substrate comprises the following components in parts by weight: 8-25 parts of rapeseed cakes, 15-20 parts of grape wine residues, 3-10 parts of radix isatidis, 5-10 parts of starch, 1-5 parts of celastrol, 1-5 parts of azadirachtin, 10-20 parts of diatomite, 10-30 parts of leaf mold, 2-9 parts of coconut husk, 10-15 parts of poultry manure, 8-10 parts of coal residues, 6-7 parts of humus soil, 8-10 parts of coarse sand, 6-8 parts of bagasse, 5-9 parts of bran and 0.1-0.2 part of rooting powder.
As a further embodiment, in the land preparation and fertilization step, 1600kg of base fertilizer is applied per mu, and the base fertilizer is a mixture of nitrogen fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potassium fertilizer and livestock and poultry manure.
As a further embodiment, in the cyperus esculentus and foxtail planting step, the distances between the cyperus esculentus plants are 20cm, and the line spacing is 50 cm; the row spacing of the hill-drop planting of the millet is 20cm, the row spacing is 40cm, 2-3 plants are reserved in each hole, and 4-4.5-ten thousand plants are reserved per mu; the row spacing between the cyperus esculentus and the millet is 50cm, the cyperus esculentus is sown at the temperature which is stable at more than 12 ℃, and the millet is sown at the temperature which is stable at more than 10 ℃.
As a further embodiment, in the cyperus esculentus and foxtail millet planting step, two rows of the foxtail millet are planted between two ridges of the cyperus esculentus, as shown in fig. 1-2.
As a further embodiment, the subsoiling depth is 25-30cm during the harvesting and soil preparation steps.
According to the planting method for preventing wind erosion by intercropping cyperus esculentus and millet in the sand area, in the cyperus esculentus planting area in the sand area, cyperus esculentus and millet are intercropped, roots and stubbles of the millet can be left to fix soil, and millet straws can also cover dry surface soil after cyperus esculentus is harvested, so that the water content of surface soil particles is kept, the separation and starting of the soil erodable particles under the action of wind power are controlled, the wind erosion of the exposed surface soil is reduced, the surface soil loss is reduced, the scale and degree of wind erosion are reduced, meanwhile, the yield of cyperus esculentus and millet is increased, the utilization rate of the soil is increased, higher economic benefit and ecological benefit are obtained, and the intercropping planting mode lays a foundation for large-scale popularization and planting of cyperus esculentus in the sand area.
The following are specific examples of the present invention, and raw materials, equipments and the like used in the following examples can be obtained by purchasing them unless otherwise specified.
Example 1:
as shown in fig. 1, a planting method for preventing wind erosion between cyperus esculentus and foxtail millet in sand storm area comprises:
seed soaking and germination accelerating steps of cyperus esculentus: airing the cyperus esculentus for 2 days, soaking the cyperus esculentus in warm water at 45 ℃ for 20 hours, taking out the cyperus esculentus when the seeds are soaked until no wrinkles exist on the surface, accelerating germination, irrigating bean pulp soaking liquid after the seeds are soaked until the length of the buds is 0.5-0.8cm, and soaking the roots of the cyperus esculentus for 2 days by the bean pulp soaking liquid to obtain cyperus esculentus bud seedlings; wherein, the bean pulp soak solution is prepared by the following method: mixing bean pulp and water according to the weight ratio of 1: 15, soaking, sealing and fermenting for 7 days, and adding 30 times of water;
seed soaking and germination accelerating steps of millet: firstly airing the millet for 2 days, then putting the seeds into flowing clear water to be soaked for 7 hours, then diluting 25 percent of prochloraz by 2000 times to be soaked for 5 hours, and then repeatedly washing the rice seeds with clear water; after washing, uniformly spreading the rice seeds on a wetting gunny bag, covering the other wetting gunny bag on the rice seeds, controlling the temperature to be 35-38 ℃, and obtaining germinated paddy after 25 hours;
land preparation and fertilization steps: deep ploughing is carried out in a sandy area to be planted, ridges are formed after deep ploughing, the ploughing depth is 20-25 cm, the direction of a ploughing ditch is perpendicular to the main wind direction during deep ploughing, 20 kilograms of nitrogen fertilizer per mu are applied before deep ploughing, the soil is harrowed loosely and finely, and ridges with the width of 25-30cm are formed; then, ditching in a cyperus esculentus planting area, filling nutrient medium in the ditch, and covering soil again, wherein the nutrient medium comprises the following components in parts by weight: 25 parts of rapeseed cakes, 20 parts of wine residues, 10 parts of radix isatidis, 10 parts of starch, 5 parts of celastrus angulatus, 5 parts of azadirachtin, 20 parts of diatomite, 30 parts of leaf mold, 9 parts of coconut husk, 15 parts of poultry manure, 10 parts of coal residues, 7 parts of humus soil, 10 parts of coarse sand, 8 parts of bagasse, 9 parts of bran and 0.2 part of rooting powder; finely raking and leveling a millet planting area, and then applying base fertilizer, wherein the base fertilizer is 1600kg per mu, and the base fertilizer is a mixture of nitrogen fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potassium fertilizer and livestock and poultry manure;
planting cyperus esculentus and millet: planting in a cyperus esculentus growing area to obtain cyperus esculentus bud seedlings, broadcasting germinated millet in the millet growing area, and intercropping two rows of millet in two ridges of cyperus esculentus; the plant spacing of the cyperus esculentus is 20cm, and the row spacing is 50 cm; the row spacing of the hill-drop planting of the millet is 20cm, the row spacing is 40cm, 2-3 plants are reserved in each hole, and 4-4.5-ten thousand plants are reserved per mu; the row spacing between the cyperus esculentus and the millet is 50cm, the cyperus esculentus is sown at the temperature which is stable above 12 ℃, and the millet is sown at the temperature which is stable above 10 ℃;
field management steps: weeding when the cyperus esculentus seedlings are exposed 5-20cm above the ground, harrowing the seeds with a short harrow, carrying out comprehensive irrigation in the tillering stage and the fruit expanding stage of the millet, applying thoroughly decomposed farmyard manure in the ear-bearing and heading stage of the millet, additionally applying 16kg of urea and 1.5kg of potassium sulfate per mu at the early stage of the millet flowering, and additionally applying 50kg of monopotassium phosphate per mu at the late stage of the millet flowering;
harvesting and soil preparation: harvesting ears of the millet, harvesting cyperus esculentus by cyperus esculentus, and covering the surface soil of the harvested millet with the residue to prevent wind erosion; the cyperus esculentus and the millet are alternately planted between the annual lines, namely the cyperus esculentus is planted in the millet stubble field in the second year in a no-tillage mode, the millet is planted in the cyperus esculentus field, the rice is deeply loosened once in 3-4 years, and the deep loosening depth is 25-30 cm.
Example 2:
example 2 differs from example 1 in that:
as shown in fig. 2, in the cyperus esculentus and foxtail millet planting step, four rows of foxtail millet are intercropped between two ridges of cyperus esculentus;
in the step of land preparation and fertilization, the nutrient medium comprises the following components in parts by weight: 8 parts of rapeseed cakes, 15 parts of wine residues, 3 parts of radix isatidis, 5 parts of starch, 1 part of celastrus angulatus, 1 part of azadirachtin, 10 parts of diatomite, 10 parts of leaf mold, 2 parts of coconut husk, 10 parts of poultry manure, 8 parts of coal residues, 6 parts of humus, 8 parts of coarse sand, 6 parts of bagasse, 5 parts of bran and 0.1 part of rooting powder.
The rest is the same as in embodiment 1.
Example 3:
example 3 differs from example 1 in that:
in the seed soaking and germination accelerating step of the cyperus esculentus, the cyperus esculentus is firstly aired for 1d, then soaked in warm water at 50 ℃ for 18h, taken out when no wrinkles exist on the surface of the cyperus esculentus, and then subjected to germination accelerating until the length of the bud is 0.5-0.8cm, so that cyperus esculentus sprouts are obtained.
The rest is the same as in embodiment 1.
Example 4:
example 4 differs from example 1 in that:
in the step of soaking seeds and accelerating germination of the millet, the millet is firstly aired for 1d, then the seeds are put into flowing clear water and soaked for 8h, then 25 percent of prochloraz is diluted by 3000 times and soaked for 4h, and then the rice seeds are repeatedly washed by clear water; after washing, uniformly spreading the rice seeds on the wet gunny bags, covering the other wet gunny bag on the rice seeds, controlling the temperature at 35-38 ℃, and obtaining the germinated paddy after 20 hours.
The rest is the same as in embodiment 1.
Example 5:
example 5 differs from example 1 in that:
in the step of land preparation and fertilizer application, the direction of a furrow is vertical to the direction of main wind during deep ploughing, and 15 kilograms of nitrogen fertilizer per mu is applied before deep ploughing;
in the field management step, in the stage of booting and heading of the millet, applying thoroughly decomposed farmyard manure, additionally applying 15kg of urea and 1kg of potassium sulfate per mu at the early stage of flowering of the millet, and additionally applying 45kg of monopotassium phosphate per mu at the late stage of flowering of the millet.
The rest is the same as in embodiment 1.
Effect evaluation and Performance detection
The method comprises the steps of taking Longjiang county in the west of Heilongjiang province as a test field, belonging to a dry region with sand, planting the plants in the examples 1-5 respectively, and counting experimental results after harvest. The results are shown in the following tables 1 to 2.
TABLE 1 statistical tables of the yield and nutrient content of the cereals of examples 1-5
| Index (I) | Example 1 | Example 2 | Example 3 | Example 4 | Example 5 |
| Yield (kilogram/mu) | 701 | 650 | 689 | 667 | 640 |
| Lysine content (%) | 0.68 | 0.61 | 0.62 | 0.63 | 0.63 |
| Crude fat (%) | 5.01 | 4.95 | 4.86 | 4.64 | 5.00 |
As can be seen from the records in Table 1, the millet of examples 1-5 was harvested well, the lysine and crude fat content of the millet was high, and the quality of the millet was good.
TABLE 2 statistical table of survival rate and yield of cyperus esculentus
| Index (I) | Example 1 | Example 2 | Example 3 | Example 4 | Example 5 |
| Survival rate | 93％ | 91％ | 92％ | 89％ | 90％ |
| Fresh bean (kg) per mu yield | 1050 | 999 | 1001 | 1000 | 987 |
| Dried crude fat (%) | 25 | 24 | 23 | 23 | 24 |
| Crude protein (%) | 7 | 6 | 6 | 5.5 | 6.5 |
| Starch (%) | 30 | 30 | 29 | 31 | 30.5 |
| Total sugar (%) | 62 | 62 | 60 | 61 | 60 |
| Oleic acid (%) | 72 | 70 | 72 | 71 | 71.5 |
As can be seen from the records in table 2, the cyperus esculentus of examples 1 to 5 has high survival rate, high yield and good quality.
The above embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby, and any insubstantial changes and substitutions made by those skilled in the art based on the present invention are within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A planting method for preventing wind erosion by intercropping cyperus esculentus and millet in a sand storm area is characterized by comprising the following steps:
seed soaking and germination accelerating steps of cyperus esculentus: airing the cyperus esculentus for 1-2 days, soaking the cyperus esculentus in warm water at 40-50 ℃ for 18-20 hours, taking out the cyperus esculentus when the seeds are soaked until no wrinkles exist on the surface, accelerating germination until the length of the buds is 0.5-0.8cm, and obtaining cyperus esculentus bud seedlings;
seed soaking and germination accelerating steps of millet: firstly airing the millet for 1-2 days, then putting the seeds into flowing clear water to be soaked for 7-8h, then diluting 25% prochloraz by 3000 times, soaking the seeds for 4-5h, and then repeatedly washing the rice seeds with clear water; after washing, uniformly spreading the rice seeds on a wetting gunny bag, covering the other wetting gunny bag on the rice seeds, controlling the temperature to be 35-38 ℃, and obtaining the germinated millet after 20-25 hours;
land preparation and fertilization steps: deep ploughing in a wind-blown sand area to be planted, and making ridges after deep ploughing; then, ditching in the cyperus esculentus planting area, filling nutrient media in the ditches, and then covering soil again; finely leveling a millet planting area, and then applying a base fertilizer;
planting cyperus esculentus and millet: planting cyperus esculentus bud seedlings in the cyperus esculentus planting area, broadcasting germinated millet in the millet planting area, and intercropping cyperus esculentus and millet;
field management steps: weeding when the cyperus esculentus seedlings are exposed 5-20cm above the ground, harrowing the seeds with a short rake, carrying out comprehensive irrigation in the tillering stage and the fruit expanding stage of the millet, applying thoroughly decomposed farmyard manure in the ear-bearing and heading stage of the millet, additionally applying 15-16 kg of urea and 1-1.5 kg of potassium sulfate per mu at the early flowering stage of the millet and 45-50kg of monopotassium phosphate per mu at the late flowering stage of the millet;
harvesting and soil preparation: harvesting ears of the millet, harvesting cyperus esculentus by cyperus esculentus, and covering the surface soil with the residual body of the millet after harvesting; planting cyperus and millet alternately in the interplanetary period, and deeply loosening once in 3-4 years;
in the seed soaking and germination accelerating step, after germination accelerating is carried out until the length of a bud is 0.5-0.8cm, a bean pulp soaking solution is irrigated, the root of the cyperus esculentus is soaked in the bean pulp soaking solution for 1-2 days, and the bean pulp soaking solution is prepared according to the following method: mixing bean pulp and water according to the weight ratio of 1: (12-15), soaking, sealing and fermenting for 7-10 days, and adding 30-40 times of water;
in the step of land preparation and fertilization, the nutrient substrate comprises the following components in parts by weight: 8-25 parts of rapeseed cakes, 15-20 parts of grape wine residues, 3-10 parts of radix isatidis, 5-10 parts of starch, 1-5 parts of celastrol, 1-5 parts of azadirachtin, 10-20 parts of diatomite, 10-30 parts of leaf mold, 2-9 parts of coconut husk, 10-15 parts of poultry manure, 8-10 parts of coal residues, 6-7 parts of humus soil, 8-10 parts of coarse sand, 6-8 parts of bagasse, 5-9 parts of bran and 0.1-0.2 part of rooting powder.
2. The planting method for preventing wind erosion between cyperus esculentus and foxtail millet in the sandy area as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step of soil preparation and fertilization, deep ploughing is carried out in the sandy area to be planted, the ploughing depth is 20-25 cm, 15-20 kg/mu of nitrogen fertilizer is applied before deep ploughing, and the soil is harrowed loose and fine to form ridges with the width of 25-30 cm.
3. The method for planting cyperus esculentus and foxtail millet in windy and sandy area according to claim 1, wherein the direction of furrows during deep ploughing is perpendicular to the main wind direction in the step of soil preparation and fertilization.
4. The planting method for preventing wind erosion between cyperus esculentus and foxtail millet in sand areas as claimed in claim 1, wherein 1600kg of base fertilizer is applied per mu in the step of land preparation and fertilization, and the base fertilizer is a mixture of nitrogen fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potassium fertilizer and livestock and poultry manure.
5. The method for winderosion prevention planting between cyperus esculentus and foxtail in a windy and sandy area according to claim 1, wherein in the cyperus esculentus and foxtail planting step, the row spacing is 50cm and the plant spacing is 20 cm; the row spacing of the hill-drop planting of the millet is 20cm, the row spacing is 40cm, 2-3 plants are reserved in each hole, and 4-4.5-ten thousand plants are reserved per mu; the row spacing between the cyperus esculentus and the millet is 50cm, the cyperus esculentus is sown at the temperature which is stable at more than 12 ℃, and the millet is sown at the temperature which is stable at more than 10 ℃.
6. The planting method for preventing wind erosion between cyperus esculentus and foxtail millet in the windy and sandy area according to claim 1, wherein in the planting step of cyperus esculentus and foxtail millet, two rows or four rows of foxtail millet are planted between two ridges of cyperus esculentus.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein the deep scarification is 25-30cm during the harvesting and soil preparation steps.
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| CN111109017B (en) * | 2020-01-21 | 2022-04-15 | 山东省农业科学院生物技术研究中心 | Intercropping method for cistanche tubulosa and cyperus esculentus in saline-alkali area of yellow river delta |
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| CN112005801A (en) * | 2020-07-24 | 2020-12-01 | 亿利资源集团有限公司 | Farming and forestry interplanting cultivation method for windy and sandy area |
| CN112219487A (en) * | 2020-10-20 | 2021-01-15 | 辽宁省农业科学院 | Method for ecological restoration of wind-blown sand or saline-alkali soil by using guide grass |
| CN113475339A (en) * | 2021-07-15 | 2021-10-08 | 贵州省植物园（贵州省园林科学研究所、贵州省植物研究所） | Bletilla striata and millet intercropping planting method |
| CN113692907A (en) * | 2021-08-26 | 2021-11-26 | 赣州市林业科学研究所 | Ecological three-dimensional interplanting method for mountain camellia oleifera, cyperus esculentus and daylily |
| CN113892409A (en) * | 2021-10-08 | 2022-01-07 | 中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所 | High-yield cultivation method of cyperus esculentus suitable for sandy loam in arid region |
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