CN107548607A - A kind of wheat seed efficient process optimization vernalization refining bud method - Google Patents
A kind of wheat seed efficient process optimization vernalization refining bud method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of wheat seed efficient process optimization vernalization refining bud method, comprise the following steps：Step 1: bask seeds, Step 2: pretreatment wheat seeds, Step 3: configuration germination triggers solution, Step 4: germination triggers solution seed soaking, Step 5: configuration nutrition soak, Step 6: nutrition soak is soaked seed, Step 7: configuration seed coat agent, Step 8: seed coat agent handles wheat seeds, Step 9: vernalization, Step 10: bud kind is disinfected, Step 11: refining bud.The present invention can speed up seed and sprout, improve germination percentage; in addition by the multiple pretreatment of wheat seeds and the configuration of seed soaking solution; the antiviral of wheat, antifungi, cold-resistant, drought-enduring and winter cabbage can be significantly improved; so that wheat seed fast-germination, neatly stalwartness of doing sth. in advance to take root and sprout; being capable of effectively save seed usage amount; cost is reduced, sound assurance is provided for large-scale planting, there is higher practical value and good application prospect.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to wheat breeding technical field, and in particular to a kind of wheat seed efficient process optimization vernalization refining bud side
Method.
Background technology
Wheat is the second largest cereal crops in China, to ensuring that national food security plays an important role, it is necessary to by science
Technology greatly improves the yield and quality of unit area, could meet the needs of population growth and social development.Wheat is the world
On a kind of staple food crop for widely planting, but wheat there are about 70% and be distributed in arid, semiarid region, shadow of the arid to wheat
Sound is extensive and serious, and it can influence the physiology such as the change of the photosynthesis of wheat, respiratory metabolism, water regime and various enzymes simultaneously
Metabolic process.Therefore, Drought-resistance in Wheat Journal of Sex Research and Drought resistant Wheat breeding have turned into one of important topic in the world today.
Wheat is in northern China large-scale plantation simultaneously.In the north, the wheat phase of beginning sowing in good time is generally late September to 10
The first tenday period of a month moon, the harvesting of early June in next year.But in many times, due to soil, the limitation of climatic factor or crop harvesting of upper season
Phase is later so that wheat cultivation can not be carried out optimum period.Such as in the area of many non-irrigated conditions, it is often native in sowing stage of wheat
Earth soil moisture content deficiency, routinely sowing can not make seed make full use of existing soil moisture content, and wheat is difficult to sprout, takes root, emerges；In soil
In the case of earth soil moisture content wretched insufficiency, sowing must postpone till next rainfall, thus delay the sowing time of wheat, growth period, indulge in
The in good time emergence of wheat has been missed, has influenceed growing for wheat, has reduced the yield of wheat.
In addition, all be in the great-hearted seed for being unable to germinating, referred to as resting seed, if in a dormant state
Seed be seeded into ground and go, it is low emergence rate occur, causes the underproduction；Wheat class seed generally existing rest period phenomenon, wheat
Rest period is longer, and each variant between each kind, and considerable peasant only knows selection improved seeds now now, applies
Chemical fertilizer, and it is unclear for this concept of rest period, and for agricultural production, the Seed germinating ability of dormancy reduces, can be serious
Ground influences Seedling emergence rate.
Therefore, invention one kind can increase germination percentage, improve wheat seeds Germination effect, save seed costs, improve economic receive
The germination accelerating method of benefit is significant.
The content of the invention
The defects of for prior art, it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of wheat seed efficient process optimization vernalization refining bud
Method, efficient process optimization vernalization refining bud method can speed up seed and sprout, improve germination percentage, in addition by the more of wheat seeds
Secondary pretreatment and the configuration of seed soaking solution, can significantly improve the antiviral of wheat, antifungi, cold-resistant, drought-enduring and energy of surviving the winter
Power so that wheat seed fast-germination, take root ahead of time and sprout it is neat healthy and strong, can effectively save seed usage amount, reduce
Cost, sound assurance is provided for large-scale planting, there is higher practical value and good application prospect.
The present invention solves technical problem and adopted the following technical scheme that：
The invention provides a kind of wheat seed efficient process optimization vernalization refining bud method, comprise the following steps：
Step 1: bask seeds：Take no worm-eaten, the wheat seed of mature and plump goes the removal of impurity and dust, thinly spread out, be placed in
Exposure under sunlight, on pad is shone, exposure 2-4 days under fair weather, stirred once every 1-2 hours during exposure, make seed
Aridity is consistent, and the seed shone then is placed on into dry, ventilation, shady and cool local back up, and it is more than hour to put time 9-14；
Step 2: pretreatment wheat seeds：The seed handled well in step 1 is put into refrigerating chamber refrigeration, refrigerated storage temperature 5-6
DEG C, cold preservation time 4h, seed is taken out, normal temperature stands 2-3 days；Then seed is put into refrigerating chamber refrigeration, refrigerated storage temperature again
For 2-3 DEG C, cold preservation time 4-5h, seed is taken out, normal temperature stands 1-2 days；Then seed is put into refrigerating chamber refrigeration again, it is cold
It is 0.5-1.5 DEG C to hide temperature, cold preservation time 5-7h, seed is taken out standby；
Step 3: configuration germination triggers solution：According to parts by weight by hydrogen peroxide 10-20 parts, potassium permanganate 10-20 parts,
Carbendazim 20-30 parts, gibberellin 1-2 parts, 1- naa 0.7-0.9 parts, 6-benzyl aminopurine 0.3-0.5 parts and water 120-140
In part addition homogenizer, 1-2 hours are stirred in the case where speed of agitator is 250-350r/min, temperature is 25-35 DEG C；
Step 4: germination triggers solution seed soaking：The pretreated wheat seeds of step 2 and germination are triggered into solution, pressed：Often
320-360ml initiator solutions：1kg wheat seeds mix, and soak 4-6 hours at being 24-28 DEG C in temperature, then seed is dragged for
Go out, rinsed seed 3-5 times with clear water, draining 7-9 minutes；
Step 5: configuration nutrition soak：Will according to parts by weight：Cow dung 15-25 parts, pig manure 20-40 parts, chicken manure 10-20
Part, rice straw 10-20 parts, rape cake 5-10 parts, dregs of beans cake 5-10 parts, sodium selenite 5-10 parts, complex enzyme formulation mixing are put
Enter fermentation vat, add water 150-200 parts, seal anaerobic fermentation 30-40 days, filter, filtrate is added into 6-10 times of its weight
Water dilution；
Step 6: nutrition soak is soaked seed：Wheat seeds after step 4 is handled add nutrition soak prepared by step 5
Middle immersion, fertilizer solution addition control 20-25 DEG C of temperature, soak 16-20 hours, take out standby there just not to be Wheat Seeds to be advisable；
Step 7: configuration seed coat agent：Will according to parts by weight：Yellow humic acid solution 10-20 parts, bactericide 1-3 parts, aliphatic acid
Polyoxyethylene ether phosphate 2-6 parts, polyvinyl acetate emulsion 2-6 parts, clump branch vesicle mycorhiza solution 8-10 parts, xanthans 1-3
Part and water 70-80 parts are added in homogenizer, and 1-2 is stirred in the case where speed of agitator is 200-300r/min, temperature is 20-30 DEG C
Hour；
Step 8: seed coat agent handles wheat seeds：The wheat seed of step 6 processing is put into container, adds water and step 7
The seed coat agent of preparation, wherein suspension seed-coating agent add according to dosage 5-7kg/100kg wheat seeds, and water is according to 1.7-1.9 liters/100kg
Wheat seeds are added, and stir, and after soaking 2-3 hours, taking-up is dried；
Step 9: vernalization：Wheat seeds tiling after step 8 is handled is placed in temperature as 34-36 DEG C, and humidity is 75-85%'s
Vernalization in insulating box, broken after water Wheat Seeds after chest shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally, temperature be adjusted to 22-24 DEG C, humidity is adjusted to 45-55%, treat bud grow to
1-3mm vernalization terminates；
Step 10: bud kind is disinfected：The hymexazol pulvis that medicament is 92-94% is converted into mass fraction with water is
The 0.05%-0.1% aqueous solution, it is 22-24 DEG C in temperature conditionss, is uniformly sprayed in bud kind, disinfecting time 1-2 hours, weight
It is multiple 2-4 times；
Step 11: refining bud：By the bud kind after optimization processing, spread out, thickness 20-30cm, put at normal temperatures in ventilation
Put 6-7 hours, you can sowing.
Preferably, the complex enzyme formulation in the step 5 includes the raw material of following parts by weight：Cellulase 2-4 parts, hair
Yeast-like fungi 3-5 parts, urase 2-4 parts, neutral proteinase 1-2 parts；The cellulase is acidic cellulase, and the zymophyte is bud
One or more in spore bacterium, saccharomycete, lactic acid bacteria.
Preferably, the yellow humic acid solution mass volume ratio in the step 7 is 4g/L, and the clump branch vesicle mycorhiza is molten
Liquid mass fraction is 0.75%.
Preferably, preprocessing solution is changed once every 3 hours in the immersion process of the step 6, it is small every 1.5
When by wheat seeds stirring once.
Preferably, the step 7 is：Will according to parts by weight：15 parts of yellow humic acid solution, 2 parts of bactericide, fatty acid polyglycol
75 parts of 4 parts of oxygen ethene ether phosphate, 9 parts of part, clump branch vesicle the mycorhiza solution of polyvinyl acetate emulsion 4,2 parts of xanthans and water add
Enter in homogenizer, stirred 1.5 hours in the case where speed of agitator is 250r/min, temperature is 25 DEG C.
Preferably, the step 6 also includes：Every 8-10 minutes in immersion process, ventilated to wheat seeds bottom with air pump
4-6 minutes.
Preferably, the step 5 is：
Vernalization：It is 35 DEG C that wheat seeds tiling after step 8 is handled, which is placed in temperature, humidity vernalization in 80% insulating box,
After the broken chest of water Wheat Seeds shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally, temperature is adjusted to 23 DEG C, humidity is adjusted to 50%, to the end of bud length to 1-3mm vernalization.
Preferably, the step 3 is：
According to parts by weight by 15 parts of hydrogen peroxide, 15 parts of potassium permanganate, 25 parts of carbendazim, 1.5 parts of gibberellin, 1- naas
0.8th, in 130 parts of addition homogenizers of 0.4 part of 6-benzyl aminopurine and water, speed of agitator be 300r/min, temperature 30
Stirred 1.5 hours at DEG C.
Preferably, the wind speed of the ventilation in the step 11 is 3-4m/s.
Preferably, the step 4 is：The pretreated wheat seeds of step 2 and germination are triggered into solution, pressed：Draw per 340ml
Send out agent solution：1kg wheat seeds are mixed, and are soaked 5 hours at being 26 DEG C in temperature, then seed is pulled out, are rushed seed with clear water
Wash 4 times, draining 8 minutes.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following beneficial effect：
(1) a kind of wheat seed efficient process of the invention optimization vernalization refining bud method, by being carried out repeatedly to wheat seeds
Refrigeration is stood, and reduces temperature successively by temperature echelon, it is possible to increase wheat seeds ensure wheat to the synthesis resistance of low temperature stress
The normal growth and development of seedling, substantially increase resistance of wheat energy, additionally it is possible to effectively kill some causes subsidiary in wheat seed
Germ, enhance the antibiotic property of wheat seed and the health of wheat seeding.
(2) triggered in a kind of wheat seed efficient process of the invention optimization vernalization refining bud method by the germination configured molten
Liquid, predominantly hydrogen peroxide, potassium permanganate, carbendazim, gibberellin, 1- naas, 6-benzyl aminopurine, after it causes immersion
Wheat seed on the one hand can be with the Germination suppression agent in oxidation Decomposition seed wheat bran, decrease kind skin to the thing in Seed Germination
Reason hinders power, improves amylase activity, provides appropriate seed sprouting acid-base value environment and provide nutrient, improves by all kinds of means
Percentage of seedgermination and germinating energy, promote seed quick-speed germination, on the other hand enable to wheat seeds to take root ahead of time, increase early winter tillers
Number, significantly improve cold-resistant, the drought-enduring and winter cabbage of winter wheat.
(3) the nutrition soak of a kind of wheat seed efficient process of the invention optimization vernalization refining bud method configuration, passes through
To the fermentation of agriculture family's fertilizer, the content of its nutriment is improved, reduces the quantity of harmful bacteria so that after immersion
Wheat seed be rich in nutrient, the particularly oligo-element such as selenium class, a side causes wheat seeds robust growth, nutritional sufficiency, separately
On the one hand cause wheat to contain more trace element, improve the quality of product.
(4) in a kind of seed coat agent of wheat seed efficient process of the invention optimization vernalization refining bud method configuration, rich in Huang
Humic acid solution and clump branch vesicle mycorhiza solution, one side material is simply cheap, easily obtains, on the other hand can make wheat seed
Premunition is strong, growth is rapid, and tiller is early, and can also influence whole growth courses of wheat plant, small by significantly improving
Wheat jointing stage, the Net Photosynthetic Rate at heading stage, reach the purpose for improving the competitiveness of wheat plant in itself；Simultaneously in seed coat agent
Bactericide is acted on by the concentration of aliphatic acid polyethenoxy ether phosphate and polyvinyl acetate emulsion, can run through Wheat Seedling
In the stage, there is preventing and treating sprout term disease and systemic disease, improve percentage of seedgermination, promote seedling healthy growth, reduction seed to use
Amount and other effects, it is finally reached diseases prevention, controls worm, the purpose of strong sprout of keeping a full stand of seedings raising yield.
(5) by strictly controlling wheat vernalization in a kind of wheat seed efficient process of the invention optimization vernalization refining bud method
The temperature and humidity in stage so that wheat germination is neatly healthy and strong, and germination percentage is high；Sterilized by bud kind, greatly reduce what is caught an illness
Possibility.
(6) a kind of wheat seed efficient process of the invention optimization vernalization refining bud method can speed up seed and sprout, improve
Germination percentage, in addition by the multiple pretreatment of wheat seeds and the configuration of seed soaking solution, can significantly improve wheat it is antiviral,
Antifungi, cold-resistant, drought-enduring and winter cabbage so that wheat seed fast-germination, do sth. in advance neat stalwartness of taking root and sprout, Neng Gouyou
Effect saves seed usage amount, reduces cost, sound assurance is provided for large-scale planting, with higher practical value and good
Good application prospect.
Embodiment
With reference to specific embodiment, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is clearly and completely described, shown
So, described embodiment is only part of the embodiment of the present invention, rather than whole embodiments.Based on the reality in the present invention
Example is applied, the every other embodiment that those of ordinary skill in the art are obtained under the premise of creative work is not made, is all belonged to
In the scope of protection of the invention.
Embodiment 1.
A kind of wheat seed efficient process optimization vernalization refining bud method of the present embodiment, comprises the following steps：
Step 1: bask seeds：Take no worm-eaten, the wheat seed of mature and plump goes the removal of impurity and dust, thinly spread out, be placed in
Exposure under sunlight, on pad is shone, exposure 2-4 days under fair weather, stirred once every 1 hour during exposure, do seed
Dry degree is consistent, and the seed shone then is placed on into dry, ventilation, shady and cool local back up, puts more than 9 hours time；
Step 2: pretreatment wheat seeds：The seed handled well in step 1 is put into refrigerating chamber refrigeration, refrigerated storage temperature is 5 DEG C,
Cold preservation time is 4h, and seed is taken out, and normal temperature stands 2 days；Then seed being put into refrigerating chamber refrigeration again, refrigerated storage temperature is 2 DEG C,
Cold preservation time is 4h, and seed is taken out, and normal temperature stands 1 day；Then seed is put into refrigerating chamber refrigeration, refrigerated storage temperature 0.5 again
DEG C, cold preservation time 5h, seed is taken out standby；
Step 3: configuration germination triggers solution：According to parts by weight by 10 parts of hydrogen peroxide, 10 parts of potassium permanganate, carbendazim
20 parts, 1 part of gibberellin, 0.7 part of 1- naas, in 120 parts of addition homogenizers of 0.3 part of 6-benzyl aminopurine and water, stirring
Mix rotating speed is 250r/min, temperature is to be stirred 1 hour at 25 DEG C；
Step 4: germination triggers solution seed soaking：The pretreated wheat seeds of step 2 and germination are triggered into solution, pressed：Often
320ml initiator solutions：1kg wheat seeds are mixed, and are soaked 4 hours at being 24 DEG C in temperature, then seed is pulled out, will with clear water
Seed rinses 3 times, draining 7 minutes；
Step 5: configuration nutrition soak：Will according to parts by weight：15 parts of cow dung, 20 parts of pig manure, 10 parts of chicken manure, straw straw
10 parts of stalk, 5 parts of rape cake, 5 parts of dregs of beans cake, 5 parts of sodium selenite, complex enzyme formulation mixing are put into fermentation vat, add 150 parts of water,
Seal anaerobic fermentation 30 days, filter, the water that filtrate is added to 6 times of its weight dilutes；
Step 6: nutrition soak is soaked seed：Wheat seeds after step 4 is handled add nutrition soak prepared by step 5
Middle immersion, fertilizer solution addition control 20 DEG C of temperature, soaked 16 hours, take out standby there just not to be Wheat Seeds to be advisable；
Step 7: configuration seed coat agent：Will according to parts by weight：10 parts of yellow humic acid solution, 1 part of bactericide, aliphatic acid polyoxy
70 parts of 2 parts of ethene ether phosphate, 8 parts of part, clump branch vesicle the mycorhiza solution of polyvinyl acetate emulsion 2,1 part of xanthans and water additions
In homogenizer, stirred 1 hour in the case where speed of agitator is 200r/min, temperature is 20 DEG C；
Step 8: seed coat agent handles wheat seeds：The wheat seed of step 6 processing is put into container, adds water and step 7
The seed coat agent of preparation, wherein suspension seed-coating agent add according to dosage 5kg/100kg wheat seeds, and water adds according to 1.7 liters/100kg wheat seeds
Enter, stir, after soaking 2 hours, taking-up is dried；
Step 9: vernalization：It is 34 DEG C that wheat seeds tiling after step 8 is handled, which is placed in temperature, insulating box of the humidity 75%
Middle vernalization, after wheat seed shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally, temperature is adjusted to 22 DEG C, humidity is adjusted to 45%, to the end of bud length to 1mm vernalization；
Step 10: bud kind is disinfected：It is 0.05% that the hymexazol pulvis that medicament is 92% is converted into mass fraction with water
The aqueous solution, temperature conditionss be 22 DEG C, be uniformly sprayed in bud kind, disinfecting time 1 hour, be repeated 2 times；
Step 11: refining bud：By the bud kind after optimization processing, spread out in ventilation, thickness 20cm, place 6 at normal temperatures
Hour, you can sowing.
Complex enzyme formulation in step five in the present embodiment includes the raw material of following parts by weight：2 parts of cellulase, fermentation
3 parts of bacterium, 2 parts of urase, 1 part of neutral proteinase；The cellulase is acidic cellulase, and the zymophyte is Bacillus.
Yellow humic acid solution mass volume ratio in step seven in the present embodiment is 4g/L, and the clump branch vesicle mycorhiza is molten
Liquid mass fraction is 0.75%.
Preprocessing solution is changed once every 3 hours in the immersion process of step six in the present embodiment, it is small every 1.5
When by wheat seeds stirring once.
Step six in the present embodiment also includes：Every 8 minutes in immersion process, to the air pump ventilation 4 of wheat seeds bottom
Minute.
The wind speed of the ventilation in step ten one in the present embodiment is 3m/s.
Embodiment 2.
A kind of wheat seed efficient process optimization vernalization refining bud method of the present embodiment, comprises the following steps：
Step 1: bask seeds：Take no worm-eaten, the wheat seed of mature and plump goes the removal of impurity and dust, thinly spread out, be placed in
Exposure under sunlight, on pad is shone, exposure 4 days under fair weather, stirred once every 2 hours during exposure, make seed drying
Degree is consistent, and the seed shone then is placed on into dry, ventilation, shady and cool local back up, puts more than 14 hours time；
Step 2: pretreatment wheat seeds：The seed handled well in step 1 is put into refrigerating chamber refrigeration, refrigerated storage temperature is 6 DEG C,
Cold preservation time is 4h, and seed is taken out, and normal temperature stands 3 days；Then seed being put into refrigerating chamber refrigeration again, refrigerated storage temperature is 3 DEG C,
Cold preservation time is 5h, and seed is taken out, and normal temperature stands 2 days；Then seed is put into refrigerating chamber refrigeration, refrigerated storage temperature 1.5 again
DEG C, cold preservation time 7h, seed is taken out standby；
Step 3: configuration germination triggers solution：According to parts by weight by 20 parts of hydrogen peroxide, 20 parts of potassium permanganate, carbendazim
30 parts, 2 parts of gibberellin, 0.9 part of 1- naas, in 140 parts of addition homogenizers of 0.5 part of 6-benzyl aminopurine and water, stirring
Mix rotating speed is 350r/min, temperature is to be stirred 2 hours at 35 DEG C；
Step 4: germination triggers solution seed soaking：The pretreated wheat seeds of step 2 and germination are triggered into solution, pressed：Often
360ml initiator solutions：1kg wheat seeds are mixed, and are soaked 6 hours at being 28 DEG C in temperature, then seed is pulled out, will with clear water
Seed rinses 5 times, draining 9 minutes；
Step 5: configuration nutrition soak：Will according to parts by weight：25 parts of cow dung, 40 parts of pig manure, 20 parts of chicken manure, straw straw
20 parts of stalk, 10 parts of rape cake, 10 parts of dregs of beans cake, 10 parts of sodium selenite, complex enzyme formulation mixing are put into fermentation vat, add water 200
Part, seal anaerobic fermentation 40 days, filter, the water that filtrate is added to 10 times of its weight dilutes；
Step 6: nutrition soak is soaked seed：Wheat seeds after step 4 is handled add nutrition soak prepared by step 5
Middle immersion, fertilizer solution addition control 25 DEG C of temperature, soaked 20 hours, take out standby there just not to be Wheat Seeds to be advisable；
Step 7: configuration seed coat agent：Will according to parts by weight：20 parts of yellow humic acid solution, 3 parts of bactericide, aliphatic acid polyoxy
80 parts of 6 parts of ethene ether phosphate, 10 parts of part, clump branch vesicle the mycorhiza solution of polyvinyl acetate emulsion 6,3 parts of xanthans and water add
Enter in homogenizer, stirred 2 hours in the case where speed of agitator is 300r/min, temperature is 30 DEG C；
Step 8: seed coat agent handles wheat seeds：The wheat seed of step 6 processing is put into container, adds water and step 7
The seed coat agent of preparation, wherein suspension seed-coating agent add according to dosage 7kg/100kg wheat seeds, and water adds according to 1.9 liters/100kg wheat seeds
Enter, stir, after soaking 3 hours, taking-up is dried；
Step 9: vernalization：It is 36 DEG C that wheat seeds tiling after step 8 is handled, which is placed in temperature, insulating box of the humidity 85%
Middle vernalization, after wheat seed shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally, temperature is adjusted to 24 DEG C, humidity is adjusted to 55%, to the end of bud length to 3mm vernalization；
Step 10: bud kind is disinfected：It is 0.1% that the hymexazol pulvis that medicament is 94% is converted into mass fraction with water
The aqueous solution, it is 24 DEG C in temperature conditionss, is uniformly sprayed in bud kind, disinfecting time 2 hours, is repeated 4 times；
Step 11: refining bud：By the bud kind after optimization processing, spread out in ventilation, thickness 30cm, place 7 at normal temperatures
Hour, you can sowing.
Complex enzyme formulation in step five in the present embodiment includes the raw material of following parts by weight：4 parts of cellulase, fermentation
5 parts of bacterium, 4 parts of urase, 2 parts of neutral proteinase；The cellulase is acidic cellulase, and the zymophyte is saccharomycete.
Yellow humic acid solution mass volume ratio in step seven in the present embodiment is 4g/L, and the clump branch vesicle mycorhiza is molten
Liquid mass fraction is 0.75%.
Preprocessing solution is changed once every 3 hours in the immersion process of step six in the present embodiment, it is small every 1.5
When by wheat seeds stirring once.
Step six in the present embodiment also includes：Every 10 minutes in immersion process, to the air pump ventilation 6 of wheat seeds bottom
Minute.
The wind speed of the ventilation in step ten one in the present embodiment is 4m/s.
Embodiment 3.
A kind of wheat seed efficient process optimization vernalization refining bud method of the present embodiment, comprises the following steps：
Step 1: bask seeds：Take no worm-eaten, the wheat seed of mature and plump goes the removal of impurity and dust, thinly spread out, be placed in
Exposure under sunlight, on pad is shone, exposure 3 days under fair weather, stirred once every 1.5 hours during exposure, do seed
Dry degree is consistent, and the seed shone then is placed on into dry, ventilation, shady and cool local back up, puts more than 12 hours time；
Step 2: pretreatment wheat seeds：The seed handled well in step 1 is put into refrigerating chamber refrigeration, refrigerated storage temperature 5.5
DEG C, cold preservation time 4h, seed is taken out, normal temperature stands 2 days；Then seed is put into refrigerating chamber refrigeration again, refrigerated storage temperature is
2.5 DEG C, cold preservation time 4.5h, seed is taken out, normal temperature stands 1.5 days；Then seed is put into refrigerating chamber refrigeration, refrigeration again
Temperature is 1 DEG C, cold preservation time 6h, seed is taken out standby；
Step 3: configuration germination triggers solution：According to parts by weight by 15 parts of hydrogen peroxide, 15 parts of potassium permanganate, carbendazim
25 parts, 1.5 parts of gibberellin, 0.8 part of 1- naas, in 130 parts of addition homogenizers of 0.4 part of 6-benzyl aminopurine and water,
Speed of agitator is 300r/min, temperature is to be stirred 1.5 hours at 30 DEG C；
Step 4: germination triggers solution seed soaking：The pretreated wheat seeds of step 2 and germination are triggered into solution, pressed：Often
320-360ml initiator solutions：1kg wheat seeds mix, and soak 5 hours, then seed are pulled out at being 26 DEG C in temperature, with clear
Water rinses seed 4 times, draining 8 minutes；
Step 5: configuration nutrition soak：Will according to parts by weight：20 parts of cow dung, 30 parts of pig manure, 15 parts of chicken manure, straw straw
15 parts of stalk, 8 parts of rape cake, 8 parts of dregs of beans cake, 8 parts of sodium selenite, complex enzyme formulation mixing are put into fermentation vat, add 180 parts of water,
Seal anaerobic fermentation 35 days, filter, the water that filtrate is added to 8 times of its weight dilutes；
Step 6: nutrition soak is soaked seed：Wheat seeds after step 4 is handled add nutrition soak prepared by step 5
Middle immersion, fertilizer solution addition control 22 DEG C of temperature, soaked 18 hours, take out standby there just not to be Wheat Seeds to be advisable；
Step 7: configuration seed coat agent：Will according to parts by weight：15 parts of yellow humic acid solution, 2 parts of bactericide, aliphatic acid polyoxy
75 parts of 4 parts of ethene ether phosphate, 9 parts of part, clump branch vesicle the mycorhiza solution of polyvinyl acetate emulsion 4,2 parts of xanthans and water additions
In homogenizer, stirred 1.5 hours in the case where speed of agitator is 250r/min, temperature is 25 DEG C；
Step 8: seed coat agent handles wheat seeds：The wheat seed of step 6 processing is put into container, adds water and step 7
The seed coat agent of preparation, wherein suspension seed-coating agent add according to dosage 6kg/100kg wheat seeds, and water adds according to 1.8 liters/100kg wheat seeds
Enter, stir, after soaking 2.5 hours, taking-up is dried；
Step 9: vernalization：It is 35 DEG C that wheat seeds tiling after step 8 is handled, which is placed in temperature, insulating box of the humidity 80%
Middle vernalization, after wheat seed shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally, temperature is adjusted to 23 DEG C, humidity is adjusted to 50%, to the end of bud length to 2mm vernalization；
Step 10: bud kind is disinfected：It is 0.08% that the hymexazol pulvis that medicament is 93% is converted into mass fraction with water
The aqueous solution, temperature conditionss be 23 DEG C, be uniformly sprayed in bud kind, disinfecting time 1.5 hours, be repeated 3 times；
Step 11: refining bud：By the bud kind after optimization processing, spread out, thickness 25cm, place at normal temperatures in ventilation
6.5 hours, you can sowing.
Complex enzyme formulation in step five in the present embodiment includes the raw material of following parts by weight：3 parts of cellulase, fermentation
4 parts of bacterium, 3 parts of urase, 1.5 parts of neutral proteinase；The cellulase is acidic cellulase, and the zymophyte is lactic acid bacteria.
Yellow humic acid solution mass volume ratio in step seven in the present embodiment is 4g/L, and the clump branch vesicle mycorhiza is molten
Liquid mass fraction is 0.75%.
Preprocessing solution is changed once every 3 hours in the immersion process of step six in the present embodiment, it is small every 1.5
When by wheat seeds stirring once.
Step six in the present embodiment also includes：Every 9 minutes in immersion process, to the air pump ventilation 5 of wheat seeds bottom
Minute.
The wind speed of the ventilation in step ten one in the present embodiment is 3.5m/s.
Four groups each 50 kilograms of wheat wheat seeds are taken respectively, and wherein 1-3 groups use the wheat seed efficient process of the present invention excellent
Change vernalization refining bud method, the 4th group uses other conventional germination accelerating methods, and test result is as follows：
| Germination percentage % | Malt growth conditions | |
| Embodiment 1 | 93.6% | It is neat healthy and strong |
| Embodiment 2 | 94.7% | It is neat healthy and strong |
| Embodiment 3 | 92.8% | It is neat healthy and strong |
| Comparative example | 78.5% | Bud length is uneven, and bud is tiny |
A kind of wheat seed efficient process optimization vernalization refining bud method of the present invention can speed up seed and sprout, improve germination
Rate, in addition by the way that antiviral, the anti-mildew of wheat to the multiple pretreatment of wheat seeds and the configuration of seed soaking solution, can be significantly improved
Bacterium, cold-resistant, drought-enduring and winter cabbage so that wheat seed fast-germination, do sth. in advance neat stalwartness of taking root and sprout, can effectively save
About seed usage amount, reduces cost, and sound assurance is provided for large-scale planting, with higher practical value and well
Application prospect.
It is obvious to a person skilled in the art that the invention is not restricted to the details of above-mentioned one exemplary embodiment, Er Qie
In the case of without departing substantially from spirit or essential attributes of the invention, the present invention can be realized in other specific forms.Therefore, no matter
From the point of view of which point, embodiment all should be regarded as exemplary, and be nonrestrictive, the scope of the present invention is by appended power
Profit requires rather than described above limits, it is intended that all in the implication and scope of the equivalency of claim by falling
Change is included in the present invention.
Moreover, it will be appreciated that although the present specification is described in terms of embodiments, not each embodiment is only wrapped
Containing an independent technical scheme, this narrating mode of specification is only that those skilled in the art should for clarity
Using specification as an entirety, the technical solutions in the various embodiments may also be suitably combined, forms those skilled in the art
It is appreciated that other embodiment.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of wheat seed efficient process optimization vernalization refining bud method, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
Step 1: bask seeds：Take no worm-eaten, the wheat seed of mature and plump goes the removal of impurity and dust, thinly spread out, be placed in sunlight
Lower exposure, on pad is shone, exposure 2-4 days under fair weather, stirred once every 1-2 hours during exposure, make seed drying
Degree is consistent, and the seed shone then is placed on into dry, ventilation, shady and cool local back up, and it is more than hour to put time 9-14；
Step 2: pretreatment wheat seeds：The seed handled well in step 1 is put into refrigerating chamber refrigeration, refrigerated storage temperature is 5-6 DEG C, cold
The Tibetan time is 4h, and seed is taken out, and normal temperature stands 2-3 days；Then seed is put into refrigerating chamber refrigeration, refrigerated storage temperature 2-3 again
DEG C, cold preservation time 4-5h, seed is taken out, normal temperature stands 1-2 days；Then seed is put into refrigerating chamber refrigeration, refrigeration temperature again
Spend for 0.5-1.5 DEG C, cold preservation time 5-7h, seed is taken out standby；
Step 3: configuration germination triggers solution：According to parts by weight by hydrogen peroxide 10-20 parts, potassium permanganate 10-20 parts, more bacterium
Clever 20-30 parts, gibberellin 1-2 parts, 1- naa 0.7-0.9 parts, 6-benzyl aminopurine 0.3-0.5 parts and water 120-140 parts add
Enter in homogenizer, 1-2 hours are stirred in the case where speed of agitator is 250-350r/min, temperature is 25-35 DEG C；
Step 4: germination triggers solution seed soaking：The pretreated wheat seeds of step 2 and germination are triggered into solution, pressed：Per 320-
360ml initiator solutions：1kg wheat seeds are mixed, and soak 4-6 hours at being 24-28 DEG C in temperature, then seed is pulled out, are used
Clear water rinses seed 3-5 times, draining 7-9 minutes；
Step 5: configuration nutrition soak：Will according to parts by weight：Cow dung 15-25 parts, pig manure 20-40 parts, chicken manure 10-20 parts, rice
Careless stalk 10-20 parts, rape cake 5-10 parts, dregs of beans cake 5-10 parts, sodium selenite 5-10 parts, complex enzyme formulation mixing are put into fermentation
Pond, water 150-200 parts are added, seal anaerobic fermentation 30-40 days, filtered, the water that filtrate is added to 6-10 times of its weight is dilute
Release；
Step 6: nutrition soak is soaked seed：Wheat seeds after step 4 is handled, which are added in nutrition soak prepared by step 5, to be soaked
Bubble, fertilizer solution addition control 20-25 DEG C of temperature, soak 16-20 hours, take out standby there just not to be Wheat Seeds to be advisable；
Step 7: configuration seed coat agent：Will according to parts by weight：Yellow humic acid solution 10-20 parts, bactericide 1-3 parts, aliphatic acid polyoxy
Ethene ether phosphate 2-6 parts, polyvinyl acetate emulsion 2-6 parts, clump branch vesicle mycorhiza solution 8-10 parts, xanthans 1-3 parts and
Water 70-80 parts are added in homogenizer, and it is small that 1-2 is stirred in the case where speed of agitator is 200-300r/min, temperature is 20-30 DEG C
When；
Step 8: seed coat agent handles wheat seeds：The wheat seed of step 6 processing is put into container, water is added and is prepared by step 7
Seed coat agent, wherein suspension seed-coating agent according to dosage 5-7kg/100kg wheat seeds add, water is according to 1.7-1.9 liters/100kg wheat seeds
Add, stir, after soaking 2-3 hours, taking-up is dried；
Step 9: vernalization：It is 34-36 DEG C that wheat seeds tiling after step 8 is handled, which is placed in temperature, constant temperature of the humidity in 75-85%
Vernalization in case, after wheat seed shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally, temperature is adjusted to 22-24 DEG C, humidity is adjusted to 45-55%, treats bud length to 1-3mm vernalization
Terminate；
Step 10: bud kind is disinfected：It is 0.05%- that the hymexazol pulvis that medicament is 92-94% is converted into mass fraction with water
0.1% aqueous solution, it is 22-24 DEG C in temperature conditionss, is uniformly sprayed in bud kind, disinfecting time 1-2 hours, repeat 2-4 times；
Step 11: refining bud：By the bud kind after optimization processing, spread out in ventilation, thickness 20-30cm, place 6-7 at normal temperatures
Hour, you can sowing.
2. a kind of wheat seed efficient process optimization vernalization refining bud method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described
Complex enzyme formulation in step 5 includes the raw material of following parts by weight：Cellulase 2-4 parts, zymophyte 3-5 parts, urase 2-4 parts,
Neutral proteinase 1-2 parts；The cellulase is acidic cellulase, and the zymophyte is in Bacillus, saccharomycete, lactic acid bacteria
One or more.
3. a kind of wheat seed efficient process optimization vernalization refining bud method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described
Yellow humic acid solution mass volume ratio in step 7 is 4g/L, and the clump branch vesicle mycorhiza liquid quality fraction is 0.75%.
4. a kind of wheat seed efficient process optimization vernalization refining bud method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described
Preprocessing solution is changed once every 3 hours in the immersion process of step 6, stirred wheat seeds once every 1.5 hours.
5. a kind of wheat seed efficient process optimization vernalization refining bud method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described
Step 7 is：Will according to parts by weight：It is 15 parts of yellow humic acid solution, 2 parts of bactericide, 4 parts of aliphatic acid polyethenoxy ether phosphate, poly-
In 75 parts of 9 parts of part, clump branch vesicle the mycorhiza solution of vinyl acetate emulsion 4,2 parts of xanthans and water addition homogenizers, stirring
Mix rotating speed is 250r/min, temperature is to be stirred 1.5 hours at 25 DEG C.
6. a kind of wheat seed efficient process optimization vernalization refining bud method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described
Step 6 also includes：Every 8-10 minutes in immersion process, ventilated 4-6 minutes with air pump to wheat seeds bottom.
7. a kind of wheat seed efficient process optimization vernalization refining bud method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described
Step 5 is：
Vernalization：Wheat seeds tiling after step 8 is handled is placed in temperature as 35 DEG C, humidity vernalization in 80% insulating box, treats water
After the broken chest of Wheat Seeds shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally, temperature is adjusted to 23 DEG C, humidity is adjusted to 50%, to the end of bud length to 1-3mm vernalization.
8. a kind of wheat seed efficient process optimization vernalization refining bud method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described
Step 3 is：
According to parts by weight by 15 parts of hydrogen peroxide, 15 parts of potassium permanganate, 25 parts of carbendazim, 1.5 parts of gibberellin, 1- naas 0.8,
In 0.4 part of 6-benzyl aminopurine and 130 parts of addition homogenizers of water, in the case where speed of agitator is 300r/min, temperature is 30 DEG C
Stirring 1.5 hours.
9. a kind of wheat seed efficient process optimization vernalization refining bud method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described
The wind speed of ventilation in step 11 is 3-4m/s.
A kind of 10. wheat seed efficient process optimization vernalization refining bud method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that institute
Stating step 4 is：The pretreated wheat seeds of step 2 and germination are triggered into solution, pressed：Per 340ml initiator solutions：1kg wheats
Seed is mixed, and is soaked 5 hours at being 26 DEG C in temperature, then seed is pulled out, is rinsed seed 4 times with clear water, draining 8 minutes.
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