CN105859487A - A high-yield planting method for selenium rich muskmelon - Google Patents
A high-yield planting method for selenium rich muskmelon Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
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- C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
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- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
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- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
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Abstract
A high-yield planting method for selenium rich muskmelon is provided. The method includes 1) selecting a land and performing soil preparation, 2) disinfecting the soil, 3) fertilizing, 4) processing seeds and accelerating germination, 5) planting, 6) pruning and 7) harvesting. The method selects the soil suitable for muskmelon planting, and subjects muskmelon seeds to disinfection and germination accelerating processing, thus boosting disease resistance of the seeds, shortening germination time and shortening the planting circle. A compound fertilizer applied in the method is an organic-inorganic compound fertilizer and is long in fertilizer effects. One time of fertilizing can cover the whole planting circle of the muskmelon, and fertilizer changing is not needed. The fertilizer is rich in a plurality of trace elements, can increase variety and contents of nutrients in the soil, and can increase the nutrition value of the muskmelon. The fertilizer contains a microorganism strain and a bactericide which are combined, and can enhance disease resistance in a muskmelon planting process. The method is low in production cost, facilitates market popularization and is good in economic benefit.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of Fructus Melo selenium-rich high-yield planting method.
Background technology
Fructus Melo (Cucumis melo) is the annual climing property herbaceous plant of Cucurbitaceae Cucumis, leaf heart shape or palm shape.Five
Petal yellow, hermaphroditism, female flower is that hermaphrodite flower comprises stamen and gynoecium, and male flower is that unisexuality only has stamen.Melon is ball, ovum, ellipse
Round or oblate, color of the leather is yellow, white, green or miscellaneous has various speckle.Sarcocarp is green, white, crimson or orange-yellow, and meat is crisp or soft, taste
Fragrant and sweet.Property happiness high temperature, be dried and sufficient sunlight.Originating in the torrid zone, China generally cultivates various places, and kind is a lot, North China, northwest
The fragrant and sweet taste produced is dense, and the moisture multi-flavor that is produced from humid area is thin.One of excellent fruit for summer.Famous Xinjiang honey melon,
It is a kind of the mutation var.saccharinus of Fructus Melo.
The shape of fruit, color are different because of kind, savory, and peel smooths；Seed dirt white.Extensively cultivate in temperate zone extremely
Torrid areas；China's various places cultivation.Various in style, fruit changes greatly；Several mutation can be divided into, and number on gardening, can be belonged to
Individual strain, wherein snake melon, hami melon and lanchow melon respectively belong to different mutation or strain.Fruit makees fruit or vegetable；Melon
The base of a fruit and seed are medicinal.Originating in Africa and Tropical Asian area, North China is Melon secondary center of origin, and Xinjiang is pachydermia
The Fructus Melo centre of origin.It is main that fresh fruit eats, it is possible to make that melon is dry, melon dried meat, melon juice, melon beans and souse etc..Chinese, Russian,
Spain, the U.S., Iran, Italy, Japan and other countries are generally cultivated, the highest with China's yield.
Fructus Melo contains the battalion such as protein, carbohydrate, carotene, vitamin B1, vitamin B2, nicotinic acid, calcium, phosphorus, ferrum
Support element, possibly together with the invertase that insoluble protein can be transformed into soluble protein.Fructus Melo contains a large amount of carbohydrates
And citric acid etc., and moisture is abundant, heat clearing away of can relieving summer heat, promote the production of body fluid quench one's thirst, relieving restlessness；Invertase in Fructus Melo can be by insoluble protein
It is transformed into soluble protein, kidney patient can be helped to absorb nutrition；Cucurbitacin B energy the liver protecting in muskmelon pedicel, alleviates slow
Property hepatic injury；The effects such as modern study finds, Semen Melo kills ascarid, filaricide；Fructus Melo is nutritious, can supplement needed by human body
Energy and nutrient.
Fructus Melo is nutritious, and easily, convenient management, production cost is low, and yield is high, and income is good, plantation in Melon cultivation
Operation quality directly affects the yield of Fructus Melo.Accelerate along with China rural holding is reversed, emerge increasing farming greatly
Family, agricultural is just fast-developing towards industrialization direction.Go down town in a large number plus China peasant and work, cause rural area person between twenty and fifty labour force
In short supply, cause in scale agricultural production human cost to increase, during Muskmelon Planting, fertilization type and fertilizer application frequency are the most also got over
More annoying the sustainable development of Muskmelon Planting industry, the growth cycle of Fructus Melo is 55～70 days, including: (1) germination period, from sowing
Fully deployed to cotyledon, the 1st true leaf exposes, and needs 5-10d；(2) Seedling Stage, the 1st true leaf exposes to the expansion of 4-5 sheet true leaf, needs 5-
15d；(3) take out the climing phase, after main climing pinching, grow lateral bine and open at the beginning of female flower, need 10d；(4) yield positive results the phase, open to receipts at the beginning of female flower
Obtain end, need 20-35d.
At present, during plantation Fructus Melo, for ensureing the quality of Fructus Melo, when topdressing must nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium reasonably combined.
Seedling stage, in fruiting period, potassium to be enriched, phosphorus consumption, avoided nitrogen dressing based on nitrogen, phosphorus.Number of times and the quantity of topdressing will be according to soil fertility feelings
Condition, the quality and quantity of base manure, and depending on the growing state of melon seedling.Topdress principle: gently chase after seedling stage fertile, can be only thin to growth
Weak seedling is topdressed, and suitably imposes phosphorus, potash fertilizer vegetative growth phase, heavily chases after knot melon fertile.This fertilization mode is the most time-consuming, work
Topdress inconvenience, production cost of thing Later growth increases, and overfertilization also can make soil soil property deteriorate, the soil of soil property deterioration
Earth, not only affects yield, also can reduce the plantation land area that China reduces day by day so that the Fructus Melo underproduction, forms vicious cycle.
For Muskmelon Planting method, the most domestic it is primarily present following patent documentation:
Patent publication No.: CN105075586A, the implantation methods disclosing a kind of Fructus Melo includes: 1) wholely；2) fertilising；3)
Seed treatment；4) sowing: in seed is sprinkled into ditch, earthing lid is put down, and waters permeable, and keeps ground moistening；5) weeding pouring；6) sick
Pest control.Compared with existing Muskmelon Planting technology, the present invention has extremely significantly advantage, uses technique scheme to carry out sweet
Melon is planted: enable to seed hull by 1.5% sodium chloride and 2.5% acetic acid mixed solution using 55-60 DEG C weak, easily
In broken bud, make good place mat for subsequent treatment, use the gibberellins of variable concentrations to soak respectively and can make seed cell division point
Change the growth promoting seed embryo, shorten the time of germination, break through seed coat for embryo and lay a good foundation, seed is greatly improved
Germination percentage, use the inventive method germination percentage to reach 98.6%, and survival rate high after ensure that germination, the present invention
Method can greatly improve the vigor of the seedling after the germination of process.But, the plantation side of the Fructus Melo that this patent provides
Method, its emphasis point is muskmelon seeds process i.e. germination treatment, for fertilizer needed for Muskmelon Planting, only with farm manure with compound
Fertile band mistake, does not provide concrete fertilizer composition, and fertilizer efficiency is uncertain, and market value is low.
Summary of the invention
For solving the problem of above-mentioned existence, it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of Fructus Melo selenium-rich high-yield planting method, institute
State implantation methods select be suitable for Muskmelon Planting soil, and muskmelon seeds is sterilized, accelerating germination process, promote the disease-resistant energy of seed
Power, shortens germinating time, shortens crop cycle, and applied Chemical Mixed Fertilizer is compound organic and inorganic fertilizer, and fertilizer efficiency is long, single-dose application
Cover the Muskmelon Planting cycle, it is not necessary to change fertilizer, and fertilizer is rich in various trace elements, can increase nutrient kind in soil
And content, promote Fructus Melo nutritive value, and fertilizer is contained within microorganism fungus kind and antibacterial combines, promote Muskmelon Planting process
In diseases prevention ability, production cost is low, beneficially marketing, good in economic efficiency.
For reaching above-mentioned purpose, the technical scheme is that
A kind of Fructus Melo selenium-rich high-yield planting method, comprises the steps:
1) selection of land, whole
Select to ventilate on the sunny side, irrigation and drainage are convenient, be easy to the plot of production and transport, and pH value be 6～7, the content of organic matter >=
The neutrality of 1.5% or subacidity soil；
2) soil disinfection
Water furrow face with 2.5% trifluoro Cypermethrin cream 1000 times, prevent and treat subterranean pest-insect；
3) fertilising
Soil deep tillage 25～30cm, tans by the sun after turning over, and harrows broken, soil block of raking, makes topsoil in small, broken bits, loose, and every mu applies 1500
～2000kg Muskmelon Planting selenium-rich organic inorganic composite mixed fertilizer；
4) seed treatment and accelerating germination
Dry in the air and plant 1～2 day, with carbendazim 500～600 times of seed soaking 10～20min, put in 50～60 DEG C of warm water and clean, stir
Mixing to 30 DEG C, soak 5～7 hours, pull out and clean moisture, layering is wrapped, and is positioned over 30～32 DEG C of calorstat accelerating germination, accelerating germination 20～
Can sow when 30h, bud length 2～3mm；
5) field planting
Field planting is carried out when annual late March, seedling 4～5 true leaves, 10～15 days button canopies before field planting, the structure of booth
Being divided into body of wall, bow member and heat-insulation layer, body of wall is soil structure processed, and insulation grass felt and canopy film coordinate, and shed span is 3 meters, rear wall
High 1～1.5 meter, bottom width 60～80 centimeters, top width 40～50 centimeters, the long 5m of straw mat, wide 1.5～2 meters, first 7 days of field planting, do height
20cm, the furrow of wide 80cm, furrow are away from 1.4m, and spreading after dry in the sun of watering, every 0.3～0.5m perforate rupture of membranes on mulch film, by children
Transplantation of seedlings in hole, every furrow two row, line-spacing 0.6～0.8m, every mu of field planting 2500～3000 strain, temperature of shed keep daytime 25～
30 DEG C, being not less than 15 DEG C night, humidity keeps 50～60%；
6) training
The climing pinching of master when 3 true leaves of seedling, two climing giving free rein to of healthy and strong son of then selecting and remain grow, and no longer pinch off young shoots；
7) gather
Within 20～30 days, can gather after sitting melon.
Further, described Fructus Melo is silver honeydew melon or Elizabeth melon.
Separately, described Muskmelon Planting selenium-rich organic inorganic composite mixed fertilizer includes the composition of following weight portion: carbamide: 40～60
Part, fertilizer: 30～40 parts, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate: 20～30 parts, MAP: 10～20 parts, potassium chloride: 15～25 parts, sulphuric acid
Zinc: 10～15 parts, humic acids: 1～10 part, attapulgite: 10～15 parts, sodium selenite: 1～5 part, EM microbial inoculum: 1～5 part,
EDTA chelated iron: 0.5～1 part, EDTA chelated zinc: 0.5～1 part, EDTA chelated copper: 0.5～1 part, chelating amino acids manganese: 0.5
～1 part, iron-amino acid chelate: 0.5～1 part, chelating amino acids molybdenum: 0.5～1 part, urease inhibitor: 0.5～1 part, nitrification presses down
Preparation: 0.5～1 part, paclobutrazol: 0.5～1 part.
Preferably, described Muskmelon Planting selenium-rich organic inorganic composite mixed fertilizer includes the composition of following weight portion: carbamide: 50～
60 parts, fertilizer: 35～40 parts, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate: 20～25 parts, MAP: 15～20 parts, potassium chloride: 20～25 parts, sulfur
Acid zinc: 10～13 parts, humic acids: 5～10 parts, attapulgite: 13～15 parts, EM microbial inoculum: 2～5 parts, sodium selenite: 1～3 part,
EDTA chelated iron: 0.5～0.8 part, EDTA chelated zinc: 0.7～1 part, EDTA chelated copper: 0.5～0.7 part, chelating amino acids manganese:
0.7～0.9 part, iron-amino acid chelate: 0.8～1 part, chelating amino acids molybdenum: 0.5～0.8 part, urease inhibitor: 0.5～0.8
Part, nitrification inhibitor: 0.6～1 part, paclobutrazol: 0.7～1 part.
Preferably, described Muskmelon Planting selenium-rich organic inorganic composite mixed fertilizer includes the composition of following weight portion: carbamide: 50
Part, fertilizer: 35 parts, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate: 25 parts, MAP: 15 parts, potassium chloride: 20 parts, zinc sulfate: 13 parts, humic acids: 5
Part, attapulgite: 14 parts, EM microbial inoculum: 5 parts, sodium selenite: 2 parts, EDTA chelated iron: 0.6 part, EDTA chelated zinc: 0.8 part,
EDTA chelated copper: 0.6 part, chelating amino acids manganese: 0.8 part, iron-amino acid chelate: 1 part, chelating amino acids molybdenum: 0.6 part, urase
Inhibitor: 0.8 part, nitrification inhibitor: 1 part, paclobutrazol: 0.7 part.
Separately having, described fertilizer includes the composition of following weight portion: animal waste: 20～30 parts, straw: 10～20 parts,
Bean cake: 10～20 parts, Semen arachidis hypogaeae dregs: 5～10 parts, Testa oryzae: 5～10 parts, plant ash: 5～10 parts, Chinese medicine slag: 1～5 part: yeast
Bacterium: 1～5 part.
Again, described animal waste is cattle manure, chicken manure or pig manure.
Further, described nitrification inhibitor is 3,4-dimethyl pyrazole phosphate, 2-chloro-6-(trichloromethyl) pyridine, 3,5-
Dimethyl pyrazole or dicyandiamide.
And, described urease inhibitor is hydroquinone, N-NBPT, N-butyl thio-phosphamide or phosphinylidyne three
Amine.
Separately, the preparation method of described Muskmelon Planting selenium-rich organic inorganic composite mixed fertilizer, comprise the steps:
1) take straw and be cut into the segment of 3～5cm；Taking bean cake, Semen arachidis hypogaeae dregs, Chinese medicine slag, being crushed to fineness is 40～50 mesh, takes
It is cut into the bean cake after the straw of segment, pulverizing, Semen arachidis hypogaeae dregs, Chinese medicine slag, mixes with animal waste, plant ash, add yeast, stir
Mixing mix homogeneously, suitable quantity of water, regulation moisture is to water content 40～60%, and heap is in heaps, covered with plastic film, keeps stockpile temperature
40-60 DEG C, sealing and fermenting, after fermentation, turning in every 3～5 days once, to becoming thoroughly decomposed completely, obtains fertilizer；
2) raw material carbamide is melted through high temperature 120～140 DEG C；By potassium chloride, nitrification inhibitor, urease inhibitor mixing
After, add suitable quantity of water, stir, obtain combination solution standby；By step 1) gained fertilizer, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, MAP, sulfur
Acid zinc, humic acids, attapulgite, EM microbial inoculum, sodium selenite, EDTA chelated iron, EDTA chelated zinc, EDTA chelated copper, aminoacid
Chelated Manganese, iron-amino acid chelate and the mixing of chelating amino acids molybdenum, stir, and together adds gained with gained combination solution and melts
Mixing in carbamide after process, temperature controls at 100～120 DEG C, and shear granulation is cooled to 45～65 DEG C after heat exchange, obtains described
Muskmelon Planting selenium-rich organic inorganic composite mixed fertilizer.
The beneficial effects of the present invention is:
Described implantation methods select be suitable for Muskmelon Planting soil, and muskmelon seeds is sterilized, accelerating germination process, promote
Seed resistance against diseases, shortens germinating time, and can shorten the germination cycle, and the untreated seed that germinates shifts to an earlier date 8～10 days, enters
And shortening crop cycle, the Muskmelon Planting selenium-rich organic inorganic composite mixed fertilizer applied is compound organic and inorganic fertilizer, organic fertilizer
Interpolation, be both provided that the multiple inorganic nutrients of crops and organic nutrient, organic in increasing soil, conditioned soil of fostering and apply fertilizer again
Earth, is controlled the hydrolysis of carbamide by urease inhibitor, limit the speed forming ammonium, controls ammonium in soil, nitrogen
Concentration, prevents from causing damage because can send out, by the activity of nitrite bacteria in nitrification inhibitor regulation soil with hinder nitrification with
Denitrifying generation, makes the nitrogen in soil be present in soil with the form of ammonia, and fertilizer efficiency is long, and fertilizer effect duration can run through Fructus Melo kind
Planting all the time, it is not necessary to additionally topdress, fertilizer efficiency is up to 3 months, it is not necessary to change fertilizer, and fertilizer is rich in various trace elements, rich in
EDTA chelated iron, EDTA chelated zinc, EDTA chelated copper, chelating amino acids manganese, iron-amino acid chelate and chelating amino acids molybdenum etc. are sought
Supporting unit, chelating form is more conducive to absorb, can effectively promote microelement contents of soil, improves soil and Fructus Melo nutritive value, EM
The interpolation of microbial inoculum, increases probiotics content in soil, and in fertilizer, EM microbial inoculum and paclobutrazol combines, and promotes Muskmelon Planting process
In diseases prevention ability, fertilizer component is friendly to soil, can improve soil soil property, promotes the content of organic matter in soil, sodium selenite
Addition, can effectively promote Se content in soil, and then promote Fructus Melo quality and yield, per mu yield exceeds Fructus Melo tradition plantation side
Method 15～20%, production cost is low, beneficially marketing, good in economic efficiency.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is described in detail.Following example will assist in the technology of this area
Personnel are further appreciated by the present invention, but limit the present invention the most in any form.It should be pointed out that, the ordinary skill to this area
For personnel, without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, it is also possible to make some deformation and improvement.These broadly fall into the present invention
Protection domain.
A kind of Fructus Melo selenium-rich high-yield planting method of the present invention, comprises the steps:
1) selection of land, whole
Select to ventilate on the sunny side, irrigation and drainage are convenient, be easy to the plot of production and transport, and pH value be 6～7, the content of organic matter >=
The neutrality of 1.5% or subacidity soil；
2) soil disinfection
Water furrow face with 2.5% trifluoro Cypermethrin cream 1000 times, prevent and treat subterranean pest-insect；
3) fertilising
Soil deep tillage 25～30cm, tans by the sun after turning over, and harrows broken, soil block of raking, makes topsoil in small, broken bits, loose, and every mu applies 1500
～2000kg Muskmelon Planting selenium-rich organic inorganic composite mixed fertilizer；
4) seed treatment and accelerating germination
Dry in the air and plant 1～2 day, with carbendazim 500～600 times of seed soaking 10～20min, put in 50～60 DEG C of warm water and clean, stir
Mixing to 30 DEG C, soak 5～7 hours, pull out and clean moisture, layering is wrapped, and is positioned over 30～32 DEG C of calorstat accelerating germination, accelerating germination 20～
Can sow when 30h, bud length 2～3mm；
5) field planting
Field planting is carried out when annual late March, seedling 4～5 true leaves, 10～15 days button canopies before field planting, the structure of booth
Being divided into body of wall, bow member and heat-insulation layer, body of wall is soil structure processed, and insulation grass felt and canopy film coordinate, and shed span is 3 meters, rear wall
High 1～1.5 meter, bottom width 60～80 centimeters, top width 40～50 centimeters, the long 5m of straw mat, wide 1.5～2 meters, first 7 days of field planting, do height
20cm, the furrow of wide 80cm, furrow are away from 1.4m, and spreading after dry in the sun of watering, every 0.3～0.5m perforate rupture of membranes on mulch film, by children
Transplantation of seedlings in hole, every furrow two row, line-spacing 0.6～0.8m, every mu of field planting 2500～3000 strain, temperature of shed keep daytime 25～
30 DEG C, being not less than 15 DEG C night, humidity keeps 50～60%；
6) training
The climing pinching of master when 3 true leaves of seedling, two climing giving free rein to of healthy and strong son of then selecting and remain grow, and no longer pinch off young shoots；
7) gather
Within 20～30 days, can gather after sitting melon.
Further, described Fructus Melo is silver honeydew melon or Elizabeth melon.
Separately, described Muskmelon Planting selenium-rich organic inorganic composite mixed fertilizer includes the composition of following weight portion: carbamide: 40～60
Part, fertilizer: 30～40 parts, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate: 20～30 parts, MAP: 10～20 parts, potassium chloride: 15～25 parts, sulphuric acid
Zinc: 10～15 parts, humic acids: 1～10 part, attapulgite: 10～15 parts, sodium selenite: 1～5 part, EM microbial inoculum: 1～5 part,
EDTA chelated iron: 0.5～1 part, EDTA chelated zinc: 0.5～1 part, EDTA chelated copper: 0.5～1 part, chelating amino acids manganese: 0.5
～1 part, iron-amino acid chelate: 0.5～1 part, chelating amino acids molybdenum: 0.5～1 part, urease inhibitor: 0.5～1 part, nitrification presses down
Preparation: 0.5～1 part, paclobutrazol: 0.5～1 part.
Preferably, described Muskmelon Planting selenium-rich organic inorganic composite mixed fertilizer includes the composition of following weight portion: carbamide: 50～
60 parts, fertilizer: 35～40 parts, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate: 20～25 parts, MAP: 15～20 parts, potassium chloride: 20～25 parts, sulfur
Acid zinc: 10～13 parts, humic acids: 5～10 parts, attapulgite: 13～15 parts, EM microbial inoculum: 2～5 parts, sodium selenite: 1～3 part,
EDTA chelated iron: 0.5～0.8 part, EDTA chelated zinc: 0.7～1 part, EDTA chelated copper: 0.5～0.7 part, chelating amino acids manganese:
0.7～0.9 part, iron-amino acid chelate: 0.8～1 part, chelating amino acids molybdenum: 0.5～0.8 part, urease inhibitor: 0.5～0.8
Part, nitrification inhibitor: 0.6～1 part, paclobutrazol: 0.7～1 part.
Preferably, described Muskmelon Planting selenium-rich organic inorganic composite mixed fertilizer includes the composition of following weight portion: carbamide: 50
Part, fertilizer: 35 parts, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate: 25 parts, MAP: 15 parts, potassium chloride: 20 parts, zinc sulfate: 13 parts, humic acids: 5
Part, attapulgite: 14 parts, EM microbial inoculum: 5 parts, sodium selenite: 2 parts, EDTA chelated iron: 0.6 part, EDTA chelated zinc: 0.8 part,
EDTA chelated copper: 0.6 part, chelating amino acids manganese: 0.8 part, iron-amino acid chelate: 1 part, chelating amino acids molybdenum: 0.6 part, urase
Inhibitor: 0.8 part, nitrification inhibitor: 1 part, paclobutrazol: 0.7 part.
Separately having, described fertilizer includes the composition of following weight portion: animal waste: 20～30 parts, straw: 10～20 parts,
Bean cake: 10～20 parts, Semen arachidis hypogaeae dregs: 5～10 parts, Testa oryzae: 5～10 parts, plant ash: 5～10 parts, Chinese medicine slag: 1～5 part: yeast
Bacterium: 1～5 part.
Again, described animal waste is cattle manure, chicken manure or pig manure.
Further, described nitrification inhibitor is 3,4-dimethyl pyrazole phosphate, 2-chloro-6-(trichloromethyl) pyridine, 3,5-
Dimethyl pyrazole or dicyandiamide.
And, described urease inhibitor is hydroquinone, N-NBPT, N-butyl thio-phosphamide or phosphinylidyne three
Amine.
Separately, the preparation method of described Muskmelon Planting selenium-rich organic inorganic composite mixed fertilizer, comprise the steps:
1) take straw and be cut into the segment of 3～5cm；Taking bean cake, Semen arachidis hypogaeae dregs, Chinese medicine slag, being crushed to fineness is 40～50 mesh, takes
It is cut into the bean cake after the straw of segment, pulverizing, Semen arachidis hypogaeae dregs, Chinese medicine slag, mixes with animal waste, plant ash, add yeast, stir
Mixing mix homogeneously, suitable quantity of water, regulation moisture is to water content 40～60%, and heap is in heaps, covered with plastic film, keeps stockpile temperature
40-60 DEG C, sealing and fermenting, after fermentation, turning in every 3～5 days once, to becoming thoroughly decomposed completely, obtains fertilizer；
2) raw material carbamide is melted through high temperature 120～140 DEG C；By potassium chloride, nitrification inhibitor, urease inhibitor mixing
After, add suitable quantity of water, stir, obtain combination solution standby；By step 1) gained fertilizer, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, MAP, sulfur
Acid zinc, humic acids, attapulgite, EM microbial inoculum, sodium selenite, EDTA chelated iron, EDTA chelated zinc, EDTA chelated copper, aminoacid
Chelated Manganese, iron-amino acid chelate and the mixing of chelating amino acids molybdenum, stir, and together adds gained with gained combination solution and melts
Mixing in carbamide after process, temperature controls at 100～120 DEG C, and shear granulation is cooled to 45～65 DEG C after heat exchange, obtains described
Muskmelon Planting selenium-rich organic inorganic composite mixed fertilizer.
Wherein, Muskmelon Planting used by a kind of Fructus Melo selenium-rich high-yield planting method that table 1 is provided by various embodiments of the present invention
Ingredient lists with selenium-rich organic inorganic composite mixed fertilizer.A kind of Fructus Melo selenium-rich high-yielding variety that table 2 is provided by various embodiments of the present invention
Plant the ingredient lists of fertilizer in Muskmelon Planting selenium-rich organic inorganic composite mixed fertilizer used by method.Table 3 is various embodiments of the present invention
Muskmelon Planting selenium-rich organic inorganic composite mixed fertilizer used by a kind of Fructus Melo selenium-rich high-yield planting method provided is the static state of 25 DEG C
The cumulative leaching rate list of water N.
Table 1 (unit: weight portion)
Table 2 (unit: weight portion)
| Embodiment 1 | Embodiment 2 | Embodiment 3 | Embodiment 4 | Embodiment 5 | |
| Animal waste | 24 | 20 | 23 | 30 | 28 |
| Straw | 16 | 13 | 10 | 20 | 15 |
| Bean cake | 13 | 15 | 10 | 18 | 20 |
| Semen arachidis hypogaeae dregs | 6 | 5 | 7 | 8 | 10 |
| Testa oryzae | 7 | 6 | 10 | 5 | 8 |
| Plant ash | 5 | 8 | 6 | 10 | 7 |
| Chinese medicine slag | 2 | 3 | 5 | 4 | 1 |
| Yeast | 3 | 1 | 4 | 2 | 5 |
Table 3
A kind of Fructus Melo selenium-rich high-yield planting method provided by the present invention, described implantation methods selects to be suitable for Muskmelon Planting
Soil, and muskmelon seeds is sterilized, accelerating germination processes, and promotes seed resistance against diseases, shorten germinating time, and seed can be shortened
In the germination cycle, the untreated seed that germinates shifts to an earlier date 8～10 days, and then shortens crop cycle, the Muskmelon Planting selenium-rich applied
Compound organic and inorganic fertilizer is compound organic and inorganic fertilizer, the interpolation of organic fertilizer, had both been provided that the multiple inorganic nutrients of crops and had had
Machine nutrient, organic in increasing soil, improvement soil of fostering and apply fertilizer again, by urease inhibitor, the hydrolysis of carbamide is controlled
System, limits the speed forming ammonium, controls ammonium, the concentration of nitrogen in soil, prevents from causing damage because can send out, is adjusted by nitrification inhibitor
In joint soil, the activity of nitrite bacteria is to hinder the generation of nitrification and denitrification, makes the nitrogen in soil be present in the form of ammonia
In soil, fertilizer efficiency is long, and fertilizer effect duration can run through Muskmelon Planting all the time, it is not necessary to additionally topdresses, and fertilizer efficiency is up to 3 months, it is not necessary to more
Change fertilizer, and fertilizer is rich in various trace elements, rich in EDTA chelated iron, EDTA chelated zinc, EDTA chelated copper, chelating amino acids
The nutrition units such as manganese, iron-amino acid chelate and chelating amino acids molybdenum, chelating form is more conducive to absorb, and can effectively promote soil trace unit
Cellulose content, improves soil and Fructus Melo nutritive value, the interpolation of EM microbial inoculum, increases probiotics content in soil, and EM bacterium in fertilizer
Agent and paclobutrazol combine, and promote the diseases prevention ability during Muskmelon Planting, and fertilizer component is friendly to soil, can improve soil soil
Matter, promotes the content of organic matter in soil, the addition of sodium selenite, can effectively promote Se content in soil, and then promote Fructus Melo product
Matter and yield, per mu yield exceeds Fructus Melo traditional cultivation method 15～20%, and production cost is low, beneficially marketing, economic effect
Benefit is good.
It should be noted that above example is only in order to illustrate technical scheme and unrestricted.Although with reference to relatively
The present invention has been described in detail by good embodiment, it will be understood by those within the art that, can be to the technology of invention
Scheme is modified or equivalent, and without deviating from the scope of technical solution of the present invention, it all should contain the power in the present invention
In profit claimed range.
Claims (10)
1. a Fructus Melo selenium-rich high-yield planting method, it is characterised in that comprise the steps:
Selection of land, whole
Select to ventilate on the sunny side, irrigation and drainage are convenient, be easy to the plot of production and transport, and pH value be 6 ~ 7, the content of organic matter >=1.5%
Neutrality or subacidity soil；
Soil disinfection
Water furrow face with 2.5% trifluoro Cypermethrin cream 1000 times, prevent and treat subterranean pest-insect；
Fertilising
Soil deep tillage 25 ~ 30cm, tans by the sun after turning over, and harrows broken, soil block of raking, makes topsoil in small, broken bits, loose, every mu apply 1500 ~
2000kg Muskmelon Planting selenium-rich organic inorganic composite mixed fertilizer；
Seed treatment and accelerating germination
Dry in the air and plant 1 ~ 2 day, with carbendazim 500 ~ 600 times seed soaking 10 ~ 20min, put in 50 ~ 60 DEG C of warm water and clean, stir to 30 DEG C,
Soaking 5 ~ 7 hours, pull out and clean moisture, layering is wrapped, and is positioned over 30 ~ 32 DEG C of calorstat accelerating germination, and accelerating germination 20 ~ 30h, bud length 2 ~
Can sow during 3mm；
Field planting
Carrying out field planting when annual late March, 4 ~ 5 true leaves of seedling, 10 ~ 15 days button canopies before field planting, the structure of booth is divided into wall
Body, bow member and heat-insulation layer, body of wall is soil structure processed, and insulation grass felt and canopy film coordinate, and shed span is 3 meters, and rear wall is high by 1 ~ 1.5
Rice, bottom width 60 ~ 80 centimeters, top width 40 ~ 50 centimeters, the long 5m of straw mat, wide 1.5 ~ 2 meters, first 7 days of field planting, it is high 20cm, wide 80cm
Furrow, furrow are away from 1.4m, and spreading after dry in the sun of watering, every 0.3 ~ 0.5m perforate rupture of membranes on mulch film, by seedling replanting to hole, often
Furrow two row, line-spacing 0.6 ~ 0.8m, every mu of field planting 2500 ~ 3000 strain, temperature of shed keeps 25 ~ 30 DEG C daytime, and night is not less than 15
DEG C, humidity keeps 50 ~ 60%；
Training
The climing pinching of master when 3 true leaves of seedling, two climing giving free rein to of healthy and strong son of then selecting and remain grow, and no longer pinch off young shoots；
Gather
Within 20 ~ 30 days, can gather after sitting melon.
A kind of Fructus Melo selenium-rich high-yield planting method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described Fructus Melo is silver honeydew melon
Or Elizabeth melon.
A kind of Fructus Melo selenium-rich high-yield planting method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described Muskmelon Planting is rich
Selenium compound organic and inorganic fertilizer includes the composition of following weight portion: carbamide: 40 ~ 60 parts, fertilizer: 30 ~ 40 parts, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate:
20 ~ 30 parts, MAP: 10 ~ 20 parts, potassium chloride: 15 ~ 25 parts, zinc sulfate: 10 ~ 15 parts, humic acids: 1 ~ 10 part, attapulgite
Soil: 10 ~ 15 parts, sodium selenite: 1 ~ 5 part, EM microbial inoculum: 1 ~ 5 part, EDTA chelated iron: 0.5 ~ 1 part, EDTA chelated zinc: 0.5 ~ 1 part,
EDTA chelated copper: 0.5 ~ 1 part, chelating amino acids manganese: 0.5 ~ 1 part, iron-amino acid chelate: 0.5 ~ 1 part, chelating amino acids molybdenum: 0.5
~ 1 part, urease inhibitor: 0.5 ~ 1 part, nitrification inhibitor: 0.5 ~ 1 part, paclobutrazol: 0.5 ~ 1 part.
A kind of Fructus Melo selenium-rich high-yield planting method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described Muskmelon Planting is rich
Selenium compound organic and inorganic fertilizer includes the composition of following weight portion: carbamide: 50 ~ 60 parts, fertilizer: 35 ~ 40 parts, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate:
20 ~ 25 parts, MAP: 15 ~ 20 parts, potassium chloride: 20 ~ 25 parts, zinc sulfate: 10 ~ 13 parts, humic acids: 5 ~ 10 parts, attapulgite
Soil: 13 ~ 15 parts, EM microbial inoculum: 2 ~ 5 parts, sodium selenite: 1 ~ 3 part, EDTA chelated iron: 0.5 ~ 0.8 part, EDTA chelated zinc: 0.7 ~ 1
Part, EDTA chelated copper: 0.5 ~ 0.7 part, chelating amino acids manganese: 0.7 ~ 0.9 part, iron-amino acid chelate: 0.8 ~ 1 part, aminoacid chela
Conjunction molybdenum: 0.5 ~ 0.8 part, urease inhibitor: 0.5 ~ 0.8 part, nitrification inhibitor: 0.6 ~ 1 part, paclobutrazol: 0.7 ~ 1 part.
5. according to a kind of Fructus Melo selenium-rich high-yield planting method according to any one of claim 1, it is characterised in that described Fructus Melo
Plantation selenium-rich organic inorganic composite mixed fertilizer includes the composition of following weight portion: carbamide: 50 parts, fertilizer: 35 parts, biphosphate
Ammonium: 25 parts, MAP: 15 parts, potassium chloride: 20 parts, zinc sulfate: 13 parts, humic acids: 5 parts, attapulgite: 14 parts, EM bacterium
Agent: 5 parts, sodium selenite: 2 parts, EDTA chelated iron: 0.6 part, EDTA chelated zinc: 0.8 part, EDTA chelated copper: 0.6 part, aminoacid
Chelated Manganese: 0.8 part, iron-amino acid chelate: 1 part, chelating amino acids molybdenum: 0.6 part, urease inhibitor: 0.8 part, nitrification inhibitor:
1 part, paclobutrazol: 0.7 part.
6. according to a kind of Fructus Melo selenium-rich high-yield planting method according to any one of claim 3 ~ 5, it is characterised in that described in have
Machine fertilizer includes the composition of following weight portion: animal waste: 20 ~ 30 parts, straw: 10 ~ 20 parts, bean cake: 10 ~ 20 parts, Semen arachidis hypogaeae dregs: 5 ~
10 parts, Testa oryzae: 5 ~ 10 parts, plant ash: 5 ~ 10 parts, Chinese medicine slag: 1 ~ 5 part: yeast: 1 ~ 5 part.
A kind of Fructus Melo selenium-rich high-yield planting method the most according to claim 6, it is characterised in that described animal waste is cattle
Excrement, chicken manure or pig manure.
8. according to a kind of Fructus Melo selenium-rich high-yield planting method according to any one of claim 3 ~ 5, it is characterised in that described nitre
Changing inhibitor is 3,4-dimethyl pyrazole phosphate, 2-chloro-6-(trichloromethyl) pyridine, 3,5-dimethyl pyrazole or dicyandiamide.
9. according to a kind of Fructus Melo selenium-rich high-yield planting method according to any one of claim 3 ~ 5, it is characterised in that described urea
Enzyme inhibitor is hydroquinone, N-NBPT, N-butyl thio-phosphamide or phosphoric triamide.
10. according to a kind of Fructus Melo selenium-rich high-yield planting method according to any one of claim 3 ~ 5, it is characterised in that described
The Muskmelon Planting preparation method of selenium-rich organic inorganic composite mixed fertilizer, comprises the steps:
Take straw and be cut into the segment of 3 ~ 5cm；Taking bean cake, Semen arachidis hypogaeae dregs, Chinese medicine slag, being crushed to fineness is 40 ~ 50 mesh, takes and is cut into segment
Straw, pulverize after bean cake, Semen arachidis hypogaeae dregs, Chinese medicine slag, mix with animal waste, plant ash, adds yeast, stirring mixing is equal
Even, suitable quantity of water, regulation moisture is to water content 40 ~ 60%, and heap is in heaps, covered with plastic film, keeps stockpile temperature 40-60 DEG C, seals
Fermentation, after fermentation, turning in every 3 ~ 5 days once, to becoming thoroughly decomposed completely, obtains fertilizer；
Raw material carbamide is melted through high temperature 120 ~ 140 DEG C；After potassium chloride, nitrification inhibitor, urease inhibitor mixing, add suitable
Amount water, stirs, obtains combination solution standby；By step 1) gained fertilizer, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, MAP, zinc sulfate, corruption
Phytic acid, attapulgite, EM microbial inoculum, sodium selenite, EDTA chelated iron, EDTA chelated zinc, EDTA chelated copper, chelating amino acids manganese,
Iron-amino acid chelate and the mixing of chelating amino acids molybdenum, stir, after together adding gained melt process with gained combination solution
Carbamide in mix, temperature controls at 100 ~ 120 DEG C, and shear granulation is cooled to 45 ~ 65 DEG C, obtains described Muskmelon Planting after heat exchange
Use selenium-rich organic inorganic composite mixed fertilizer.
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| CN106688585A (en) * | 2017-01-03 | 2017-05-24 | 山东省农业科学院蔬菜花卉研究所 | Ripe muskmelon-young muskmelon simultaneous harvesting cultivation method |
| CN107242014A (en) * | 2017-07-27 | 2017-10-13 | 阜南县凤凰山庄种植养殖专业合作社 | A kind of implantation methods of muskmelon |
| CN108184562A (en) * | 2017-12-14 | 2018-06-22 | 海南兰心生物科技有限公司 | A kind of implantation methods of sandy soil muskmelon |
| CN108207530A (en) * | 2018-02-11 | 2018-06-29 | 广西宜州天源绿佳农业科技有限公司 | A kind of implantation methods of Selenium-enriched radish |
| CN109122001A (en) * | 2018-08-13 | 2019-01-04 | 紫云自治县高原红种植农民专业合作社 | A kind of high-yield planting method of high mountain Vitis davidii Foex |
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| CN108207530B (en) * | 2018-02-11 | 2021-04-16 | 浙江窝里宅农业发展有限公司 | Planting method of selenium-rich radishes |
| CN109122001A (en) * | 2018-08-13 | 2019-01-04 | 紫云自治县高原红种植农民专业合作社 | A kind of high-yield planting method of high mountain Vitis davidii Foex |
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