CN107018852A - A kind of high-yield planting method of grape - Google Patents
A kind of high-yield planting method of grape Download PDFInfo
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- CN107018852A CN107018852A CN201710192528.7A CN201710192528A CN107018852A CN 107018852 A CN107018852 A CN 107018852A CN 201710192528 A CN201710192528 A CN 201710192528A CN 107018852 A CN107018852 A CN 107018852A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/02—Cultivation of hops or vines
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N35/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having two bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. aldehyde radical
- A01N35/06—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having two bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. aldehyde radical containing keto or thioketo groups as part of a ring, e.g. cyclohexanone, quinone; Derivatives thereof, e.g. ketals
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/90—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having two or more relevant hetero rings, condensed among themselves or with a common carbocyclic ring system
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B1/00—Superphosphates, i.e. fertilisers produced by reacting rock or bone phosphates with sulfuric or phosphoric acid in such amounts and concentrations as to yield solid products directly
- C05B1/04—Double-superphosphate; Triple-superphosphate; Other fertilisers based essentially on monocalcium phosphate
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
- C05D9/00—Other inorganic fertilisers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/10—Solid or semi-solid fertilisers, e.g. powders
- C05G5/12—Granules or flakes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/30—Layered or coated, e.g. dust-preventing coatings
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of high-yield planting method of grape, belongs to agricultural plantation technology field.The implantation methods include：(1) site preparation and fertilization, applies slow-release fertilizer and compound organic fertilizer in kind of plant hole；Wherein described slow-release fertilizer is to make coating agent using poly-vinyl alcohol solution and sodium alginate, and bean dregs, cow dung, manioc waste, coconut palm chaff, kaolin, humic acid, EM bacterium solutions are well mixed after fermentation and be made as inner core；(2) transplant seedlings field planting：First the root nodule on grape seedlingses root is removed, then soaking disinfection；(3) preventing disease and pest is managed；Prevented and treated with botanical pesticide；(4) topdress management；(5) artificial weeding of grape, branch is carried out according to Routine Management way to manage to trim.The present invention by before planting use spacetabs type organic fertilizer, apply botanical pesticide in growth period, after planting the phase apply compound organic fertilizer, result in high yield and high-quality grape fruit.
Description
【Technical field】
The present invention relates to agricultural plantation technology field, and in particular to a kind of high-yield planting method of grape.
【Background technology】
Grape is one of most ancient distribution most wide a kind of fruit in the world.Grape berry is big, skin depth, juice are few, water is more, skin and flesh
Easily separated, taste sweet and sour taste, grape nutritive value is very high, rich in abundant minerals and vitamins, you can benefiting qi and nourishing blood is strong
The heart, again can qi-restoratives stomach invigorating, also with born fluid, strengthening the bones and muscles, cough-relieving relieving restlessness, tonneau urine the effect of, can both cook fruit and eat raw,
It can make wine or Making Raisins, it is very popular.
Grape production area of China, payes attention to chemical fertilizer always in terms of fertilising and despises organic fertilizer, and vineyard is used for a long time single
One chemical fertilizer causes soil trophic disturbance, while also occurring in that soil hardening, soil beneficial bacterium mortality, soil physico-chemical property
The serious problems such as change, environmental pollution, yield and quality decline, only pay attention to nitrogenous fertilizer in the selection of chemical fertilizer, despise phosphate fertilizer, potassium
Fertilizer, occurs in that the branch of excessive growth is excessive in the season of growth, spray is difficult that lignifying, trace element be deficient, serious etc. ask occurs for pest and disease damage
Topic, has very big harmful effect to the yield and quality of wine-growing.
【The content of the invention】
The goal of the invention of the present invention is：For above-mentioned problem there is provided a kind of high-yield planting method of grape, lead to
Cross before planting use spacetabs type organic fertilizer, apply botanical pesticide in growth period, after planting the phase apply compound organic fertilizer,
Result in high yield and high-quality grape fruit.
To achieve these goals, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows：
A kind of high-yield planting method of grape, comprises the following steps：
(1) site preparation and fertilization：The hillside fields of selection on the sunny side is planted, and soil is ploughed deeply into 45-60cm before plantation, be exposed to the sun 10-15
After it, the soil of scarifying is subjected to turning, is exposed to the sun again 10-15 days；Then line-spacing 2-2.5m is pressed, it is equal that row dig length and width away from 1-1.5m
For 60-70cm, depth 45-55cm planting pit；According to weight ratio it is 12-15 by the part soil dug out and slow-release fertilizer:After 1 mixes
Cave bottom is layered on, laying depth is 20-25cm, is used as lower floor's planting soil；The part soil dug out and compound organic fertilizer are mixed
After be layered on above lower floor's planting soil, laying depth is 20-35cm, as upper strata planting soil, and the consumption of compound organic fertilizer is
Mu applies 200-300kg；
Wherein described slow-release fertilizer is obtained by the following method：Polyvinyl alcohol and water are heated into 85-90 DEG C to be made
Mass fraction is 40-45% solution, by poly-vinyl alcohol solution and sodium alginate according to mass ratio 20:1-2 is well mixed, and must be wrapped
Film, it is standby；By weight by 120-150 parts of bean dregs, 90-110 parts of cow dung, 28-38 parts of manioc waste, 30-40 parts of coconut palm chaff, kaolinite
Native 20-30 parts, 30-50 parts of humic acid, well mixed after fermentation 12-15 days of 15-20 parts of EM bacterium solutions must be fermented fertilizer, and fermentation fertilizer is dried
Granulated after dry, then produce the slow-release fertilizer with coating agent parcel；
(2) transplant seedlings field planting：Healthy and strong grape seedlingses are chosen, the root nodule on grape seedlingses root is removed, grape seedlingses root is soaked
After sterilization, soil on planting pit middle cover is transplanted to, and pour root water；
(3) preventing disease and pest is managed：Start germination to duration of flowering in vine, grape branch is sprayed every 10-15 days
Botanical pesticide is once；After grape is born fruit, every 5-6 days sprinkling botanical pesticides once；In daily management, sprinkling every month
Botanical pesticide is once；
(4) topdress management：1 month before rudiment, vernalization foliar fertilizer is sprayed once to grape branch every 3 days；From grape
In start to bear fruit 7 days, a selenium-enriched foliage fertilizer is sprayed to grape, interval is after 10-15 days, then sprays a selenium-enriched foliage fertilizer；
Compound organic fertilizer 2-3kg is applied before grape is bloomed for every plant, applies compound organic fertilizer 7-8kg for every plant during grape is born fruit, picking fruit is complete
Bi Hou, every plant is applied compound organic fertilizer 5-6kg；
(5) artificial weeding of grape, branch is carried out according to Routine Management way to manage to trim.
In the present invention, it is preferable that compound organic fertilizer is made by the following method described in step (1)：Prepare by weight
30-60 parts of poultry-dung, discarded 15-20 parts of grape branches and leaves, 10-20 parts of coconut husk, 10-20 parts of tea seed cake slag, soy sauce residues 20-30, food
, will be upper with 18-28 parts of bacteria residue, 22-25 parts of bagasse, 10-20 parts of peanut shell powder, 4-6 parts of brewer's yeast, 6-8 parts of astragalus root dregs
State raw material and mix the EM bacterium that raw material gross weight 1-1.5% is added after grinding, the stacking fermentation that adds water obtains heap for 20-25 days and made compost, then
In being made compost to heap the potassium sulfate that heap makes compost weight 10-12%, 15-16% urea, 7-9% di(2-ethylhexyl)phosphate are accounted for by weight incorporation
Hydrogen calcium, 0.1-0.2% magnesium sulfate, 0.01-0.15% copper nitrate, 0.01-0.15% borax, 0.01-0.15% nitre
Sour zinc produces the compound organic fertilizer.
In the present invention, it is preferable that botanical pesticide is using mass ratio as 1-3 described in step (2):2 matrine, rheum officinale
Element is main active substances, and active material total content is 18-22%.
In the present invention, it is preferable that be that carbendazim is diluted into 600- to grape seedlingses root soaking disinfection described in step (2)
800 times, soak 2-3 hours.
In the present invention, it is preferable that vernalization foliar fertilizer described in step (4) is by urea, glucose, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and red
Mycin is 20-30 according to mass ratio:5-8:18：700-800 times is diluted with water after 1 mixing to be made.
In the present invention, it is preferable that described in step (4) in selenium-enriched foliage fertilizer per 1000ml 20-25g containing sodium selenite, urinate
Plain 200-220g, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 100-120g.
In summary, by adopting the above-described technical solution, the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：
1st, the present invention uses sustained release fertilizer as base manure in the planting process of grape and applies conduct in wine-growing cave
Lower floor's planting soil, using compound organic fertilizer as upper strata planting soil, can meet the grape growth demand in each stage, so that
Reach and apply fertilizers scientifically, improve the purpose of vintage.Slow-release fertilizer is used as coating agent, tool using poly-vinyl alcohol solution with sodium alginate
There is property stable, the characteristics of lasting effect is long can make fertilizer efficiency up to 3-4 months；And using bean dregs, cow dung, manioc waste, coconut palm chaff, height
Ridge soil, humic acid are made through the fermentation of EM bacterium solutions, and it is rich in organic matter needed for grape growth；Compound organic fertilizer is by poultry-dung, given up
Grape branches and leaves, coconut husk, tea seed cake slag, soy sauce residues, edible fungi residues, bagasse, peanut shell powder, brewer's yeast, astragalus root dregs are abandoned to lead to
Cross EM bacterium fermentation after addition inorganic nutrient substance obtain, the composite fertilizer breathe freely water retention property it is good, inorganic nutrients composition and it is organic support
The relative equilibrium divided, is conducive to improving soil texture, the permeability for improving soil and fertilizer conservation, moisture holding capacity, being adapted to grape growth needs
Ask, can be used in each growth phase of grape, obtaining high yield to grape has great importance.
2nd, the present invention grape seedlingses plant before using sterilization liquid disinfectant can reduce grape go mouldy at all corruption probability, carry
The survival rate of height plantation, and the diseases and insect pests resistance of grape can be improved；Botanical pesticide is applied during grape growth and replaces normal
The chemically agricultural chemicals of rule, is avoided that enrichment and residual of the poisonous and harmful substance in grape fruit, it is ensured that the mouthfeel of grape and battalion
Support.
3rd, the present invention sprayed vernalization foliar fertilizer once, from grape every 3 days 1 month before grape rudiment to grape branch
In start to bear fruit 7 days, a selenium-enriched foliage fertilizer is sprayed to grape, interval is after 10-15 days, then sprays a selenium-enriched foliage fertilizer；
Several periods are the peak period that grape growth is developed, and branches and leaves fruit is high to the fertilizer absorptivity of foliage-spray, catches the growth
On opportunity, the yield of grape is favorably improved, and the Se content of grape can be increased, increase the added value of grape.Vernalization blade face used
Fertilizer is rich in a certain proportion of N, P, K, and added with a certain amount of gibberellin, gibberellin stimulate plant leaf blade, cauline leaf growth it is same
When, soon absorb nutrient, it is possible to increase the utilization rate of fertilizer.
【Embodiment】
In order to more clearly express the present invention, below by way of specific embodiment, the invention will be further described.
Embodiment 1
A kind of high-yield planting method of grape, comprises the following steps：
(1) site preparation and fertilization：The hillside fields of selection on the sunny side is planted, and soil is ploughed deeply into 45-60cm before plantation, be exposed to the sun 10-15
After it, the soil of scarifying is subjected to turning, is exposed to the sun again 10-15 days；Then line-spacing 2-2.5m is pressed, it is equal that row dig length and width away from 1-1.5m
For 60-70cm, depth 45-55cm planting pit；According to weight ratio it is 12-15 by the part soil dug out and slow-release fertilizer:After 1 mixes
Cave bottom is layered on, laying depth is 20-25cm, is used as lower floor's planting soil；The part soil dug out and compound organic fertilizer are mixed
After be layered on above lower floor's planting soil, laying depth is 20-35cm, as upper strata planting soil, and the consumption of compound organic fertilizer is
Mu applies 200-300kg；
Compound organic fertilizer used is made by the following method：Prepare 30-60 parts of poultry-dung, discarded grape branches and leaves by weight
15-20 parts, 10-20 parts of coconut husk, 10-20 parts of tea seed cake slag, soy sauce residues 20-30,18-28 parts of edible fungi residues, bagasse 22-25
Part, 10-20 parts of peanut shell powder, 4-6 parts of brewer's yeast, 6-8 parts of astragalus root dregs, above-mentioned raw materials are mixed addition raw material after grinding total
Weight 1-1.5% EM bacterium, the stacking fermentation that adds water obtains heap for 20-25 days and made compost, and heap is accounted for by weight incorporation in then being made compost to heap
Make compost weight 10-12% potassium sulfate, 15-16% urea, 7-9% calcium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.1-0.2% magnesium sulfate,
0.01-0.15% copper nitrate, 0.01-0.15% borax, 0.01-0.15% zinc nitrate produce the compound organic fertilizer.
Slow-release fertilizer used is obtained by the following method：Polyvinyl alcohol and water are heated to 85-90 DEG C quality is made
Fraction is 40-45% solution, by poly-vinyl alcohol solution and sodium alginate according to mass ratio 20:1-2 is well mixed, and obtains coating
Agent, it is standby；By weight by 120-150 parts of bean dregs, 90-110 parts of cow dung, 28-38 parts of manioc waste, 30-40 parts of coconut palm chaff, kaolin
20-30 parts, 30-50 parts of humic acid, well mixed after fermentation 12-15 days of 15-20 parts of EM bacterium solutions must ferment fertilizer, will fermentation fertilizer drying
After granulate, then with coating agent parcel produce the slow-release fertilizer；
(2) transplant seedlings field planting：Healthy and strong grape seedlingses are chosen, the root nodule on grape seedlingses root is removed, grape seedlingses root is soaked
Sterilization is that carbendazim is diluted into 600-800 times, is soaked 2-3 hours, is then transplanted to soil on planting pit middle cover, and pour fixed
Root water；
(3) preventing disease and pest is managed：Start germination to duration of flowering in vine, grape branch is sprayed every 10-15 days
Botanical pesticide is once；After grape is born fruit, every 5-6 days sprinkling botanical pesticides once；In daily management, sprinkling every month
Botanical pesticide is once；The botanical pesticide is using mass ratio as 1-3:2 matrine, rheum emodin are main active substances,
And active material total content is 18-22%；
(4) topdress management：1 month before rudiment, vernalization foliar fertilizer is sprayed once to grape branch every 3 days；From grape
In start to bear fruit 7 days, a selenium-enriched foliage fertilizer is sprayed to grape, interval is after 10-15 days, then sprays a selenium-enriched foliage fertilizer；
Compound organic fertilizer 2-3kg is applied before grape is bloomed for every plant, applies compound organic fertilizer 7-8kg for every plant during grape is born fruit, picking fruit is complete
Bi Hou, every plant is applied compound organic fertilizer 5-6kg；The vernalization foliar fertilizer be by urea, glucose, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and gibberellin by
It is 20-30 according to mass ratio:5-8:18：700-800 times is diluted with water after 1 mixing to be made；Per 1000ml in the selenium-enriched foliage fertilizer
20-25g containing sodium selenite, urea 200-220g, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 100-120g.
Embodiment 2
A kind of high-yield planting method of grape, comprises the following steps：
(1) site preparation and fertilization：The hillside fields of selection on the sunny side is planted, and soil is ploughed deeply into 45-60cm before plantation, be exposed to the sun 10-15
After it, the soil of scarifying is subjected to turning, is exposed to the sun again 10-15 days；Then line-spacing 2-2.5m is pressed, it is equal that row dig length and width away from 1-1.5m
For 60-70cm, depth 45-55cm planting pit；According to weight ratio it is 12-15 by the part soil dug out and slow-release fertilizer:After 1 mixes
Cave bottom is layered on, laying depth is 20-25cm, is used as lower floor's planting soil；The part soil dug out and compound organic fertilizer are mixed
After be layered on above lower floor's planting soil, laying depth is 20-35cm, as upper strata planting soil, and the consumption of compound organic fertilizer is
Mu applies 200-300kg；
Compound organic fertilizer used is made by the following method：Prepare 30-60 parts of poultry-dung, discarded grape branches and leaves by weight
15-20 parts, 10-20 parts of coconut husk, 10-20 parts of tea seed cake slag, soy sauce residues 20-30,18-28 parts of edible fungi residues, bagasse 22-25
Part, 10-20 parts of peanut shell powder, 4-6 parts of brewer's yeast, 6-8 parts of astragalus root dregs, above-mentioned raw materials are mixed addition raw material after grinding total
Weight 1-1.5% EM bacterium, the stacking fermentation that adds water obtains heap for 20-25 days and made compost, and heap is accounted for by weight incorporation in then being made compost to heap
Make compost weight 10-12% potassium sulfate, 15-16% urea, 7-9% calcium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.1-0.2% magnesium sulfate,
0.01-0.15% copper nitrate, 0.01-0.15% borax, 0.01-0.15% zinc nitrate produce the compound organic fertilizer.
Slow-release fertilizer used is obtained by the following method：Polyvinyl alcohol and water are heated to 85-90 DEG C quality is made
Fraction is 40-45% solution, by poly-vinyl alcohol solution and sodium alginate according to mass ratio 20:1-2 is well mixed, and obtains coating
Agent, it is standby；By weight by 120-150 parts of bean dregs, 90-110 parts of cow dung, 28-38 parts of manioc waste, 30-40 parts of coconut palm chaff, kaolin
20-30 parts, 30-50 parts of humic acid, well mixed after fermentation 12-15 days of 15-20 parts of EM bacterium solutions must ferment fertilizer, will fermentation fertilizer drying
After granulate, then with coating agent parcel produce the slow-release fertilizer；
(2) transplant seedlings field planting：Healthy and strong grape seedlingses are chosen, the root nodule on grape seedlingses root is removed, grape seedlingses root is soaked
Sterilization is that carbendazim is diluted into 600-800 times, is soaked 2-3 hours, is then transplanted to soil on planting pit middle cover, and pour fixed
Root water；
(3) preventing disease and pest is managed：Start germination to duration of flowering in vine, grape branch is sprayed every 10-15 days
Botanical pesticide is once；After grape is born fruit, every 5-6 days sprinkling botanical pesticides once；In daily management, sprinkling every month
Botanical pesticide is once；The botanical pesticide is using mass ratio as 1-3:2 matrine, rheum emodin are main active substances,
And active material total content is 18-22%；
(4) topdress management：1 month before rudiment, vernalization foliar fertilizer is sprayed once to grape branch every 3 days；From grape
In start to bear fruit 7 days, a selenium-enriched foliage fertilizer is sprayed to grape, interval is after 10-15 days, then sprays a selenium-enriched foliage fertilizer；
Compound organic fertilizer 2-3kg is applied before grape is bloomed for every plant, applies compound organic fertilizer 7-8kg for every plant during grape is born fruit, picking fruit is complete
Bi Hou, every plant is applied compound organic fertilizer 5-6kg；The vernalization foliar fertilizer be by urea, glucose, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and gibberellin by
It is 20-30 according to mass ratio:5-8:18：700-800 times is diluted with water after 1 mixing to be made；Per 1000ml in the selenium-enriched foliage fertilizer
20-25g containing sodium selenite, urea 200-220g, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 100-120g.
Embodiment 3
A kind of high-yield planting method of grape, comprises the following steps：
(1) site preparation and fertilization：The hillside fields of selection on the sunny side is planted, and soil is ploughed deeply into 45-60cm before plantation, be exposed to the sun 10-15
After it, the soil of scarifying is subjected to turning, is exposed to the sun again 10-15 days；Then line-spacing 2-2.5m is pressed, it is equal that row dig length and width away from 1-1.5m
For 60-70cm, depth 45-55cm planting pit；According to weight ratio it is 12-15 by the part soil dug out and slow-release fertilizer:After 1 mixes
Cave bottom is layered on, laying depth is 20-25cm, is used as lower floor's planting soil；The part soil dug out and compound organic fertilizer are mixed
After be layered on above lower floor's planting soil, laying depth is 20-35cm, as upper strata planting soil, and the consumption of compound organic fertilizer is
Mu applies 200-300kg；
Compound organic fertilizer used is made by the following method：Prepare 30-60 parts of poultry-dung, discarded grape branches and leaves by weight
15-20 parts, 10-20 parts of coconut husk, 10-20 parts of tea seed cake slag, soy sauce residues 20-30,18-28 parts of edible fungi residues, bagasse 22-25
Part, 10-20 parts of peanut shell powder, 4-6 parts of brewer's yeast, 6-8 parts of astragalus root dregs, above-mentioned raw materials are mixed addition raw material after grinding total
Weight 1-1.5% EM bacterium, the stacking fermentation that adds water obtains heap for 20-25 days and made compost, and heap is accounted for by weight incorporation in then being made compost to heap
Make compost weight 10-12% potassium sulfate, 15-16% urea, 7-9% calcium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.1-0.2% magnesium sulfate,
0.01-0.15% copper nitrate, 0.01-0.15% borax, 0.01-0.15% zinc nitrate produce the compound organic fertilizer.
Slow-release fertilizer used is obtained by the following method：Polyvinyl alcohol and water are heated to 85-90 DEG C quality is made
Fraction is 40-45% solution, by poly-vinyl alcohol solution and sodium alginate according to mass ratio 20:1-2 is well mixed, and obtains coating
Agent, it is standby；By weight by 120-150 parts of bean dregs, 90-110 parts of cow dung, 28-38 parts of manioc waste, 30-40 parts of coconut palm chaff, kaolin
20-30 parts, 30-50 parts of humic acid, well mixed after fermentation 12-15 days of 15-20 parts of EM bacterium solutions must ferment fertilizer, will fermentation fertilizer drying
After granulate, then with coating agent parcel produce the slow-release fertilizer；
(2) transplant seedlings field planting：Healthy and strong grape seedlingses are chosen, the root nodule on grape seedlingses root is removed, grape seedlingses root is soaked
Sterilization is that carbendazim is diluted into 600-800 times, is soaked 2-3 hours, is then transplanted to soil on planting pit middle cover, and pour fixed
Root water；
(3) preventing disease and pest is managed：Start germination to duration of flowering in vine, grape branch is sprayed every 10-15 days
Botanical pesticide is once；After grape is born fruit, every 5-6 days sprinkling botanical pesticides once；In daily management, sprinkling every month
Botanical pesticide is once；The botanical pesticide is using mass ratio as 1-3:2 matrine, rheum emodin are main active substances,
And active material total content is 18-22%；
(4) topdress management：1 month before rudiment, vernalization foliar fertilizer is sprayed once to grape branch every 3 days；From grape
In start to bear fruit 7 days, a selenium-enriched foliage fertilizer is sprayed to grape, interval is after 10-15 days, then sprays a selenium-enriched foliage fertilizer；
Compound organic fertilizer 2-3kg is applied before grape is bloomed for every plant, applies compound organic fertilizer 7-8kg for every plant during grape is born fruit, picking fruit is complete
Bi Hou, every plant is applied compound organic fertilizer 5-6kg；The vernalization foliar fertilizer be by urea, glucose, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and gibberellin by
It is 20-30 according to mass ratio:5-8:18：700-800 times is diluted with water after 1 mixing to be made；Per 1000ml in the selenium-enriched foliage fertilizer
20-25g containing sodium selenite, urea 200-220g, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 100-120g.
Plant contrast test：
The applicant is engaged in wine-growing work more than ten years, is directed in planting process improving vintage, quality
Research, has finally drawn the technical method of the present invention.For the technique effect of the preferably prominent present invention, now by planting process
Correlation test situation record is summarized as follows：
2 sizes of selection are identical, soil property situation identical planting site is used as experiment plot, every piece of 60 plants of ground plantation
Grape seedlingses, each group carries out selenium-rich planting experiment in different ways, and the situation of each group is as follows：
Experimental group 1：Planted using the identical mode of embodiment 2；
Experimental group 2：Implantation methods are substantially same as Example 2, and what difference was to be applied in kind of plant hole is to become thoroughly decomposed
Muck, amount of application be mu apply 2000kg；When topdressing, compound organic fertilizer is replaced using NPK, amount of application is every plant
1.5kg；
Experimental group 3：Implantation methods are substantially same as Example 2, and what difference was to be applied in kind of plant hole is ternary
Composite fertilizer, amount of application is that mu applies 30kg；When topdressing, compound organic fertilizer is replaced using NPK, amount of application is every plant
1.5kg；
Experimental group 4：Implantation methods are substantially same as Example 2, and difference is to be not added with vernalization foliar fertilizer red mould
Element；
Above-mentioned each group is in addition to above-indicated distinctive points, every group other farming method all sames, is received in grape
After obtaining, the vintage of each group is counted, and calculates average single plant yield, 1 is the results are shown in Table.
The single plant yield of grape in each experimental group of table 1
| Single plant yield (kg) | |
| Experimental group 1 | 19.3 |
| Experimental group 2 | 14.4 |
| Experimental group 3 | 15.8 |
| Experimental group 4 | 17.9 |
From the results shown in Table 1, using the solution of the present invention single plant yield apparently higher than other groups.Illustrate the present invention
By applying slow-release fertilizer and organic fertilizer, and spray vernalization foliar fertilizer, the yield of grape can be significantly improved.
Described above is the detailed description for the present invention preferably possible embodiments, but embodiment is not limited to this hair
The equal change or modification change completed under bright patent claim, the technical spirit suggested by all present invention, all should belong to
Cover the scope of the claims in the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of high-yield planting method of grape, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
(1) site preparation and fertilization：The hillside fields of selection on the sunny side is planted, and soil is ploughed deeply into 45-60cm before plantation, is exposed to the sun after 10-15 days,
The soil of scarifying is subjected to turning, is exposed to the sun again 10-15 days；Then line-spacing 2-2.5m is pressed, it is 60- that row dig length and width away from 1-1.5m
70cm, depth 45-55cm planting pit；According to weight ratio it is 12-15 by the part soil dug out and slow-release fertilizer:It is layered on after 1 mixing
Cave bottom, laying depth is 20-25cm, is used as lower floor's planting soil；Spread after the part soil dug out and compound organic fertilizer are mixed
On lower floor's planting soil, laying depth is 20-35cm, as upper strata planting soil, and the consumption of compound organic fertilizer is applied for mu
200-300kg；
Wherein described slow-release fertilizer is obtained by the following method：Polyvinyl alcohol and water are heated to 85-90 DEG C quality is made
Fraction is 40-45% solution, by poly-vinyl alcohol solution and sodium alginate according to mass ratio 20:1-2 is well mixed, and obtains coating
Agent, it is standby；By weight by 120-150 parts of bean dregs, 90-110 parts of cow dung, 28-38 parts of manioc waste, 30-40 parts of coconut palm chaff, kaolin
20-30 parts, 30-50 parts of humic acid, well mixed after fermentation 12-15 days of 15-20 parts of EM bacterium solutions must ferment fertilizer, will fermentation fertilizer drying
After granulate, then with coating agent parcel produce the slow-release fertilizer；
(2) transplant seedlings field planting：Healthy and strong grape seedlingses are chosen, the root nodule on grape seedlingses root are removed, to grape seedlingses root soaking disinfection
Afterwards, soil on planting pit middle cover is transplanted to, and pours root water；
(3) preventing disease and pest is managed：Start germination to duration of flowering in vine, plant is sprayed to grape branch every 10-15 days
Source pesticide is once；After grape is born fruit, every 5-6 days sprinkling botanical pesticides once；In daily management, every month sprays plant
Source pesticide is once；
(4) topdress management：1 month before rudiment, vernalization foliar fertilizer is sprayed once to grape branch every 3 days；Since grape
In 7 days born fruit, a selenium-enriched foliage fertilizer is sprayed to grape, interval is after 10-15 days, then sprays a selenium-enriched foliage fertilizer；Grape
Compound organic fertilizer 2-3kg is applied before blooming for every plant, and compound organic fertilizer 7-8kg is applied for every plant during grape is born fruit, after picking fruit is finished,
Every plant is applied compound organic fertilizer 5-6kg；
(5) artificial weeding of grape, branch is carried out according to Routine Management way to manage to trim.
2. the high-yield planting method of grape according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：It is combined described in step (1) organic
Fertilizer is made by the following method：By weight prepare 30-60 part of poultry-dung, discard 15-20 parts of grape branches and leaves, 10-20 parts of coconut husk,
10-20 parts of tea seed cake slag, soy sauce residues 20-30,18-28 parts of edible fungi residues, 22-25 parts of bagasse, 10-20 parts of peanut shell powder, beer
4-6 parts of brewer yeast, 6-8 parts of astragalus root dregs, above-mentioned raw materials are mixed the EM bacterium that raw material gross weight 1-1.5% is added after grinding, plus
Water-water reactor put fermentation 20-25 days heap make compost, in then being made compost to heap by weight mix account for the sulfuric acid that heap makes compost weight 10-12%
Potassium, 15-16% urea, 7-9% calcium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.1-0.2% magnesium sulfate, 0.01-0.15% copper nitrate,
0.01-0.15% borax, 0.01-0.15% zinc nitrate produce the compound organic fertilizer.
3. the high-yield planting method of grape according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Plant source agriculture described in step (2)
Medicine is using mass ratio as 1-3:2 matrine, rheum emodin are main active substances, and active material total content is 18-22%.
4. the high-yield planting method of grape according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：To grape seedlingses described in step (2)
Root soaking disinfection is that carbendazim is diluted into 600-800 times, is soaked 2-3 hours.
5. the high-yield planting method of grape according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Vernalization blade face described in step (4)
Fertilizer be by urea, glucose, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and gibberellin according to mass ratio be 20-30:5-8:18：It is diluted with water after 1 mixing
700-800 times is made.
6. the high-yield planting method of grape according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Selenium-rich blade face described in step (4)
Per 1000ml 20-25g containing sodium selenite, urea 200-220g, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 100-120g in fertilizer.
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| CN107459432A (en) * | 2017-10-11 | 2017-12-12 | 广西南宁荣威德新能源科技有限公司 | A kind of grape special fertilizer material and preparation method thereof |
| CN107548874A (en) * | 2017-09-26 | 2018-01-09 | 云南五亩农业科技有限公司 | A kind of red bayberry and the interplanting method of grape |
| CN107912088A (en) * | 2017-12-22 | 2018-04-17 | 马鞍山市四季果业有限公司 | A kind of water lock control fertilizer grape field root system limits method of soil preparation |
| CN108094035A (en) * | 2017-12-15 | 2018-06-01 | 黄照强 | A kind of grape high-yield implantation methods |
| CN108112419A (en) * | 2017-12-22 | 2018-06-05 | 无为县雨露生态农业有限公司 | A kind of first breeding method of grape seedling |
| CN108476857A (en) * | 2018-05-24 | 2018-09-04 | 江口县厚谊科技开发有限责任公司 | A kind of cultural method of grape |
| CN108522110A (en) * | 2018-01-30 | 2018-09-14 | 广西宜州天源绿佳农业科技有限公司 | A kind of implantation methods of selenium-rich grape |
| CN108781993A (en) * | 2018-05-24 | 2018-11-13 | 江口县厚谊科技开发有限责任公司 | A kind of cultural method of grape |
| CN109220656A (en) * | 2018-11-22 | 2019-01-18 | 衡阳仕杰农业发展有限公司 | A kind of implantation methods of selenium-rich rice |
| CN112772081A (en) * | 2020-12-30 | 2021-05-11 | 蒙城县兴农绿巨人农业科技有限公司 | Seedling cultivation method for agricultural planting based on controlled release fertilizer |
| CN114080950A (en) * | 2021-11-12 | 2022-02-25 | 湖南新丰果业有限公司 | Fragrance-enhancing planting method for sunshine roses |
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| CN107548874A (en) * | 2017-09-26 | 2018-01-09 | 云南五亩农业科技有限公司 | A kind of red bayberry and the interplanting method of grape |
| CN107459432A (en) * | 2017-10-11 | 2017-12-12 | 广西南宁荣威德新能源科技有限公司 | A kind of grape special fertilizer material and preparation method thereof |
| CN108094035A (en) * | 2017-12-15 | 2018-06-01 | 黄照强 | A kind of grape high-yield implantation methods |
| CN107912088A (en) * | 2017-12-22 | 2018-04-17 | 马鞍山市四季果业有限公司 | A kind of water lock control fertilizer grape field root system limits method of soil preparation |
| CN108112419A (en) * | 2017-12-22 | 2018-06-05 | 无为县雨露生态农业有限公司 | A kind of first breeding method of grape seedling |
| CN108522110A (en) * | 2018-01-30 | 2018-09-14 | 广西宜州天源绿佳农业科技有限公司 | A kind of implantation methods of selenium-rich grape |
| CN108476857A (en) * | 2018-05-24 | 2018-09-04 | 江口县厚谊科技开发有限责任公司 | A kind of cultural method of grape |
| CN108781993A (en) * | 2018-05-24 | 2018-11-13 | 江口县厚谊科技开发有限责任公司 | A kind of cultural method of grape |
| CN109220656A (en) * | 2018-11-22 | 2019-01-18 | 衡阳仕杰农业发展有限公司 | A kind of implantation methods of selenium-rich rice |
| CN112772081A (en) * | 2020-12-30 | 2021-05-11 | 蒙城县兴农绿巨人农业科技有限公司 | Seedling cultivation method for agricultural planting based on controlled release fertilizer |
| CN114080950A (en) * | 2021-11-12 | 2022-02-25 | 湖南新丰果业有限公司 | Fragrance-enhancing planting method for sunshine roses |
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